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Rays 'n' Rain
Partly cloudy today. Low
about 30, high In the 50s. Oc
casional rain tonight.
Rude
The Rude Boys will answer
questions on WXYC's Tele
phone Talk show starting at
11 tonight. Try to stump
them call 962-8989.
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Copyright The Daily Tar Heel 1983
.s of UNC
)
Volume 91, ssue)j Wednesday, February 23, 1933 Chapel Hill, North Carolina News,
: ' . ; 'I I Faculty may be
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plans
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II f ' , I The Associated Press
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Kilbourne on alcohol
DTHJamie Francis
lasncoura
By RITA KOSTECKE
Staff Writer
Advertisers encourage excessive consumption of
alcohol through ads which equate alcohol use with
adulthood, sexual prowess and power, Jean Kil
bourne said in a lecture in Memorial Hall Monday
night. ' .
"They glorify the symptoms of alcoholism and
make them (the problem drinkers) feel they're
OK," Kilbourne said.
The lecture "Under The Influence: The
Pushing of Alcohol Via Advertising" was not a
temperance lecture, but rather an attempt to promote
the idea of moderate consumption of alcohol and to
change the attitudes toward alcohol use.
The Human Relations Committee of the Carolina
Union Activities Board sponsored both the Kil
bourne lecture Monday night and a Breathalyzer
Party Tuesday night.
The purpose of the party was to help people learn
how much alcohol will make them legally intoxicated
and to provide information on their rights if they are
caught driving under the influence.
"We want to teach people how to drink respon
sibly," said Jessie Kome, organizer of the alcohol
awareness programs.
Representatives from Student Legal Services, the
district attorney's office, the campus police and the
'state highway patrol spoke about the dangers and
penalties of alcohol abuse.
Four student volunteers, ranging from a large male
to a small female, had their sobriety monitored by a
Breathalyzer and took dexterity tests to demonstrate
the effects of alcohol.
"We originally wanted to test everyone (who at
tended), but we could only get a limited number of
Breathalyzer tests," Kome said.
In her speech Monday, Kilbourne said the alcohol
industry spends over $1 billion a year on advertising
to recruit new users, increase consumption and assist
potential buyers in choosing brands.
ge excess
"They're interested in two things: getting young
people to drink, and increasing the amount of alco
hol drunk," she said.
Although alcohol is the number one drug problem
in the nation, there appears to be a "conspiracy of
silence" . on the subject by the major publications,
Kilbourne said.
"A lot of problems get erased," Kilbourne said.
Alcohol use is involved in 55 percent of all arrests
in the nation, and in 65 percent of all murders, she
said. But when Time magazine did a cover story on
the rise of violent crime in America, the only drug
mentioned in the article was marijuana, Kilbourne
said.
Kilbourne also emphasized the importance drink
ing holds on college campuses. "College parties are
advertised by how much alcohol there's going to
be," she said.
The college market is big business for advertisers,
she said. The advertisers focus on young drinkers by
encouraging adolescents to "Drink More Pop" or by
labeling alcohol "Soft Drinks for Adults."
y- Alcohol advertising is not merely informational
but serves to establish an image for the product and
to link the product with qualities attributed to that
image, Kilbourne said.
Alcohol use is equated with rebellion, yet one
quarter of all adolescents say they drink because of
peer pressure, she said.
"To abuse alcohol is to fall to the pressures of
society," Kilbourne said.
. Advertisers also equate alcohol use. with masculini
ty and power, she said. This power is offered to the
groups in society which lack power; the young, mi-
norities and women, Kilbourne said.
Since World War II, the number of female alco
holics has doubled and 80 percent of all seventh
graders have drunk alcohol at least once, Kilbourne
said.
Alcohol is advertised to men as a means of gaining
sexual power and to young people as a way to have
their first sexual experience, Kilbourne said.
N.C. Highway Patrol officer H.T.
Hollowell helps senior Ken Mask
take a Breathalyzer test (above) at a
party Tuesday in the Carolina Union
to determine alcohol content. The
party was held in connection with a
lecture Monday by Jean Kilbourne
(below) on advertising and
alcoholism.
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DTHZane A. Saunders
RALEIGH A plan to reduce the
University of North Carolina's 1983-85
budget by as much as $36.6 million and to
eliminate up to 854 teaching jobs met
resistance Tuesday in a legislative budget
committee.
The budget-cutting plan presented to
the Joint Appropriations Subcommittee
on Education was developed by state
House and Senate leaders with the help of
their fiscal staff .
"It would be the most devastating thing
to happen to the University in my ex
perience," UNC President William C.
Friday said of the plan.
He noted that if the cuts were made, it
would be the first time he has seen Uni
versity teaching positions reduced during
his 35 years there.
"We have tried very hard over the past
four years never to touch teaching
faculty," he said. "But there is no way you
can prevent it this time if you are talking in
terms of $18 million in cuts."
Budget leaders are looking for ways to
trim proposed spending for 1983-85 by
about $100 million, or 3 percent. They say
they must identify cuts because Gov. Jim
Hunt may have overestimated revenues in
his budget for the coming biennium.
Lawmakers say their only choice is to .
keep the freeze on state workers' and
teachers' salaries, reduce spending or hope
the economy picks up and generates more
revenue.
The budget subcommittees are identify-
ing three priorities for budget-cutting,
ranging from the least damaging to the
most drastic. Each category contains cuts
amounting5 to 1 percent of the budget.
By gradually increasing the number of
students J per teacher, the state could
eliminate 287 teaching jobs in 1983-85 at a
savings of $9.6 million, cut 574 teachers to
save $19.3 million or lay off 854 teachers
to save $36.6 million.
Friday noted that the most severe cuts
would lay off more teachers than work at
any one of the 10 institutions.
Fiscal analysts said the , 1983-84 budget
already eliminated 484 non-teaching posi
tions but created 1,200 new jobs, most of
them teaching jobs at the East Carolina
Medical School and the N.C. State School
of Veterinary Medicine.
Despite the urging of committee chair
men to take some action, legislators voted
to accept the schedule of cuts as informa
tion only and some proposed other ways
of reducing spending.
Rep. Tim McDowell, D-Alamance,
asked about raising tuition. But Friday
said that would make the cost of attending
college prohibitive for some students
because of a 20 percent tuition increase last
biennium.
Sen. Jim Edwards, D-Caldwell, sug
gested cutting 3 percent across the board
and allowing Friday to divide the cuts
among the programs.
Rep. Malcolm . Fulcher, D-Carteret,
committee co-chairman, said tuition in-
See EDUCATION on page 3
Det
hits m
ayj
orce
tax hike, budget cuts
By PETE AUSTIN
Staff Writer
A cut in town services or an increase in
taxes will be necessary to balance a pro
jected budget deficit for fiscal 1983-84,
said David Taylor, Chapel Hill town
manager.
In a memorandum to Town Council
members Tuesday, Taylor noted that "the
potential exists for a serious revenue short
fall in '83-'84 of approximately $600,000."
Taylor presented a detailed budget Tues
day nighUo the mayor and Town Council
during the first budget work session of the
year.
The main source of the potential loss of
revenue is the decrease in the federal
government's General Revenue Sharing
program. A loss of slightly more than
$329,000 is expected unless General
Revenue Sharing is re-enacted by Congress
before Sept. 30, 1983, when it is scheduled
to expire.
The town would have had to charge an
extra 7.6 cents per $100 property tax
assessment during fiscal year 1982-83 to
cover the amount of revenue lost if
General Revenue Sharing is not re
enacted. Chapel Hill could lose as much as
4.3 cents per $100 assessment for 1983-84
if the program is not renewed.
The estimated $600,000 deficit is based
on the "most optimistic conditions,"
Taylor said. The $9.7 million 1983-84
budget involves only a 3.5 percent increase
over the 1982-83 budget, he said.
Expenditures could feasibly exceed this,
he said. Many sources of revenue are dif
ficult to estimate because they are affected
by changing economic conditions, Taylor
said.
David Taylor
Other losses of revenue include increases
in the budgets of government depart
ments. The only department whose budget
went down this year was the Department
of Community Development's Human
Services division, which fell 9.8 percent.
At a Town Council work session on the
1983-84 budget, held Tuesday night, one
of the major items discussed was the pro
posal for a tax on entertainment and
sports events in which the seating capacity
exceeds. 2,500 people.
. . A hotelmotel tax was also considered,
in which a 5 percent tax on gross receipts
could generate more than $100,000 an
nually for the town, Taylor said. This
See BUDGET on page 3
' k
i arm
1V
datforam
By CINDIROSS
Staff Writer
"Raising the drinking age to 21 would be like say
ing that f 47-year-old women show a higher inci
dence of burning down houses, 47-year-old women
should not be allowed to own matches. '
Professor Frederick P. Lee,
political science
Lee, along with five other panel members, dis
cussed raising the drinking age with about 30
students and community members in a forum spon
sored by the UNC Dialectic and Philanthropic
Literary Societies Monday night.
All six panelists agreed that raising the drinking
age would save lives, but they differed on the ques-
tion of group exclusion.
Lee said that one problem of the proposed law
change was that "it treats drunken driving as a
group-related phenomenon for 1 8-to-20-y ear-olds
and as an individual phenomenon for everyone
else." - ,
Leigh Kelley, professor in the philosophy depart
ment, said that members should not be deprived of
a right due to group affiliation unless "the incre
mental gain from deprivation is substantial" or no
other methods are available to achieve the same
James Drennan, of the UNC Institute of Govern
ment, explained that the drunken driving package
now in the legislature contains provisions for the
elimination of plea bargaining and other measures.
"If you have several options available, why not
us them all." Drennan said. He said that the prob
lem this part of the bill targeted was "the lethal
combination of the young driver learning to drive
and the young drinker learning to drink."
Mike Vandenbergh, former student body presi
dent, said that concentration should be placed not
on changing the laws, but on enforcing them more
carefully, increasing public awareness of them and
teaching responsible drinking.
"We need to instill a sense of responsibility in
students," .Vandenbergh said, suggesting that the
social aspects of driving be taught in high school
driver education programs.
Drennan pointed to the problem of North
Carolina's split drinking age. "We say it's OK to
drink beer three years earlier than brandy," he said.
"But one 12-ounce beer has the same punch as
one-and-a-half ounces of bourbon. It's not beer or
brandy or bourbon that impairs your senses, but
alcohol,' said Drennan.
Citing the fact that only nine states have a split
drinking age, David Jones of the governor's task
force said, "We are sending a mixed signal to our
young people."
Drennan said that a uniform drinking age would
say a great deal about the lack of differences in the
effects of alcoholic beverages.
Jones said that studies of a college town in Il
linois, a state which raised its drinking age, showed
a 21 percent net reduction of fatal alcohol-related
accidents in the affected age group.
He said that there was much public support for
the change and that there was not a serious reduc
tion in revenue to bars and from beer sales.
Vandenbergh said that this merely showed that
students were not changing their drinking habits but
were showing less respect for the law.
Lee said Hunt's law "reflects a lack of a serious
look at alternatives." He discussed the possibility of
changing insurance laws, saying that both driving
and being insured should be seen as rights that could
be revoked by the state.
Lee said that rather than raising the drinking age,
more attention should be given to DUI convictions.
He said that due to plea bargaining, 70 percent of all
DUI arrests ended without conviction on that
charge.
Michael Smith of the UNC Institute of Govern
ment, described the proposed age change as "com
mon senc judgment on the part of the
government."
Both of the other panel members said that while
there were no perfect solutions for the problem, an
answer had to be found.
41