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Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Copyright 1983 Th Daily Tar Heel
Volume 91, Issue 49
Wednesday, September 7, 1983
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
NewsSportsArts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising 962-1163
rotecting academic liberty
i enure process roote
By STUART TONKINSON
Staff Writer
Tenure.
For university faculty, it can be the plum of a
teaching career. Their students sometimes blame
lazy and sloppy teaching on it.
Tenure provides experienced faculty members
with a long-term contract that guarantees them job
security. The term has seen regular use since
political science department faculty voted last spring
not to reappoint assistant political science depart
ment professor David J. G arrow when his term ex
pires in 1984.
Garrow is the first political science professor not
to receive a recommendation for reappointment
after a probationary term. Garrow charged that the
decision was made on grounds which are imper
missible in making tenure decisions. Political science
department Chairman James W. Prothro said Gar
row's work in civil rights was "closer to investigative
journalism than basic scholarship."
Water use
restrictions
mandatory
By MARK STINNEFORD
Staff Writer
Water conservation is no longer a
suggestion it's the law in the Chapel
Hill area.
Mandatory restrictions on water use
were imposed in Chapel Hill, Carrboro
and southern Orange County Tuesday
at the request of the Orange Water and
Sewer Authority.
The restrictions were contained in
proclamations signed by Chapel Hill
Mayor Joe Nassif and Carrboro Mayor
Robert Drakeford. Richard Whitted,
chairman of the Orange County Com
missioners, was expected to sign a
similar proclamation Tuesday evening.
University Lake, the main source of
water for the Chapel Hill area, was
49Yi inches below Full Tuesday mor
ning, said Pat Davis, systems manage
ment specialist for OWASA. Accord
ing to local ordinances, OWASA can
request mandatory clamps on water use
when the lake falls to 48 inches below
full.
"If people don't think the situation
is serious, tell them to take a drive over
University Lake," Davis said.
The restrictions ban the use of
OWASA-provided water to wash cars
or outdoor areas such as sidewalks,
patios or driveways. Watering lawns,
shrubbery and flower and vegetable
gardens has been limited to Saturdays
between 4 p.m. and 8 p.m.
The use of water-cooled air condi
tioners is illegal except for health and
safety purposes, and water cannot be
served in restaurants except by request.
Swimming pools are barred from add
ing water beyond the level required to
maintain operation.
Farris Womack, vice chancellor for
business and finance, said he believed
students would comply with the restric
tions. "I think students will respond very
cooperatively and enthusiastically,"
Womack said. "It's a situation that no
body asked for, but we must follow
every conservation measure to ensure
that we can continue to function as an
organization."
Letters detailing the restrictions will
be sent to UNC administrators, Wo
mack said.
In addition to the measures already
announced, OWASA staff members
have recommended that the OWASA
board drop a 10 percent discount that is
See OWASA on page 5
The tenure process was instituted at UNC to pro
tect faculty members from being discharged because
of their exercise of academic freedom, states the
Trustee Policies and Regulations Governing
Academic Tenure in the University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as the Tenure
Document.
The Tenure Document was adopted by UNC's
Board of Trustees in 1976 and was amended in 1978
and 1980.
Tenure was instituted during the McCarthy
period of the 1950s to protect those professors who
feared that their involvement with radical organiza
tions would threaten their careers, said Joseph S.
Ferrell, chairman of the faculty's Committee on
University Governance.
According to the Tenure Document, any faculty
member can be discharged only if it can be shown
that the member is unfit, incompetent or neglecting
his duty.
The document also states that a significantly
reduced budget or a necessary program change can
be submitted as reasons for termination of faculty
positions, both tenured and non-tenured.
For example, if the BOT decides that financial
constraints require the closing of the School of
Education, "financial exigency" could be given as
the reason for the dismissal of all faculty positions
in the school, Ferrell said.
Also, if any teaching, research or public-service
program is eliminated or curtailed, it is possible that
some tenured faculty members would be dismissed,
Ferrell said. If such a program change were to oc
cur, it would most likely be older faculty members
with tenure who would be fired since they can pro
bably expect greater retirement benefits, he added.
"Tenure is essential for the University to recruit
and attract people from other places," Ferrell said.
"Any university that's worthy of a name offers
tenure."
Ferrell said that in general, a tenured faculty
member must do research, keep abreast of develop
ments in his field, be exciting to students and make
contributions to his field of study.
Faculty members who are interested in their fields
should be interested in teaching their subject to
students, Ferrell said.
"Poor researchers can never be good teachers,"
he said. Also, those faculty members who don't like
having students are not going to be successful in the
UNC community, he said.
Teaching is not given the same kind of quantita
tive evaluation as publication, because it's easier to
measure the publishing record of a faculty member,
Ferrell added. And when a faculty member's field
of research may have nothing in common with those
of his departmental colleagues, those publications
can often go unread, he said.
When a faculty member is recommended for
tenure, Ferrell said, what often counts is not what
the member has published, but where it was pub
lished. "One article in the Harvard Law Review is worth
three in the Arkansas Law Review" when it comes
to determining tenure, he said.
Ferrell said that he doubted that the typical facul
ty member published more than one good piece of
research every three years, although such a rate
would be considered slow by those handing out
tenure.
"The saying 'Publish or perish' still holds true,"
he said.
It generally takes about seven years before a
faculty member receives tenure. If a faculty member
begins his teaching at UNC, he is usually hired as an
assistant professor for a probationary term of four
years.
At the end of that term, he can be reappointed as
assistant professor for a second probationary term
of three years. He can then be given permanent
tenure with UNC as an assistant professor or be
promoted to associate professor. Any promotion to
the rank of associate professor confers tenure to the
faculty member.
See TENURE on page 2
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More Americans
Idlled in Beirut
DTHJeff Neuville
Sparkle Car Wash in Carrboro uses no city water in its washing process. It uses its own well. Mandatory
water restrictions imposed Tuesday forbid use of city water to wash cars.
The Associated Press
BEIRUT, Lebanon A barrage of
rockets and mortars killed two U.S.
Marines and wounded three at the Beirut
airport Tuesday. The White House warned
the Syrians to stay out of the fighting, say
ing the United States has "considerable
firepower" in readiness off Lebanon's
coast.
The shelling of the peacekeepers oc
curred during general fighting among
Christians and Druse militias in the hills
overlooking Beirut, and police said 148
people were killed in the last 24 hours.
The Marines were the third and fourth
killed in eight days. One of the Marines
wounded Tuesday was evacuated to the
U.S. support ship Iwo Jima, where he was
in guarded condition with shrapnel
wounds of the stomach, a U.S. spokesman
said.
The dead were identified as Cpl. Pedro
J. Valle, 25, of San Juan, Puerto Rico,
and Lance Cpl. Randy W. Oarktt, of
Minong, Wis. "v
Six Italian members of the multinational
peacekeeping force also were wounded in
their area of the city. An Italian spokes
man said three were hit by fragments when
a shell fell on a logistics compound, and
three by fragments while riding in a jeep.
Police said 31 people were killed, includ
ing two Lebanese soldiers, and 67 wound
ed in Tuesday's fighting in Beirut and the
surrounding central mountains. They said
IS died during heavy shelling in the town
of Deir el-Kamar in the Chouf mountains,
where thousands of Christians from near
by villages took refuge.
The casualty toll now stands at 247
killed and 628 wounded since the Israelis
pulled out of the area Sunday. Druse
fighters, in their first victory, took the
Christian town of Bhamdoun.
In the renewed fighting, there have been
reports from both the Druse and Chris
tians of massacres in mountain villages,
but the reports could not be confirmed.
In Jerusalem, Israeli officials said Israel
would not re-enter the mountains unless
Syrian and Palestinian forces intervene.
And Defense Minister Moshe Arens was
quoted by the Jerusalem Post as saving
Israel would consider a total evacuation of
its forces from Lebanon without a similar
withdrawal by Syria, as long as it felt
Israel's northern border was secure.
There was no government comment on
the report."
The Marines at the Beirut airport re
turned artillery fire at one point and spent
much of the day under Condition One
their heaviest alert concealed in bunkers
listening to the explosions of battle be
tween the Syrian-backed Druse and both
the Christian Phalange Party's militia and
the Lebanese army.
Marine spokesman Maj. Robert Jordan
said the Marines fired two 155mm rounds
at an artillery battery that was "firing at us
from south of the airport" in an area con
trolled by Druse fighters.
Jordan said the Marine camp was hit by
shells both from the south and from near
Bourj el-Barajneh to the northeast.
Col. Timothy J. Geraghty, commander
of the Marine force, said the shells from
the south were directed in such a way that
it was clear the American camp was the
target.
Jordan said the mortars and rockets
from the northeast, an area controlled by
the Shiite Moslems who were Druse allies,
apparently were simply falling short of
their intended targets. The Druse are a
secretive sect that is an offshoot of Islam.
It "probably was a short round" that
hit the Marines, Jordan said.
U.S. presidential envoy Robert C.
McFarlane traveled to Syria to try to con
'vince President Hafez Assad to pressure
the Druse to accept a cease-fire.
In Washington, President Reagan's
spokesman, Larry Speakes, said, "I think
the Syrians should know that we do have
considerable firepower off shore and they
should be circumspect in their own active
involvement in instigating any violence in
the area."
Some 1,200 Marines are in Lebanon as
part of the multinational peacekeeping
force, and 2,000 more are due to arrive off
shore later this week. Speakes said there
were no immediate plans for the reinforce
ments to go ashore.
Druse fighters, meanwhile, captured the
key town of Bhamdoun on the Beirut
Damascus highway 12 Vi miles east of Bei
rut. It was the first major Druse victory
against Christian militiamen since Israeli
troops redeployed.
After the fall of Bhamdoun, the Le
banese army announced it had sent an
armored force into Souk el-Gharb, the
second-largest Christian town in the Aley
region, apparently to head off a Druse at
tack. The announcement said the army was
"charged with ensuring the security of all
citizens on all roads branching from the
town," 6V2 miles southeast of Beirut.
The state radio and the Christian Voice
of Lebanon radio said the Christian
eastern section of Souk el-Gharb was un
der heavy artillery fire from mountain
areas controlled by the Druse.
The Lebanese army was battling the
Druse guerrillas at Khalde, just south of
the airport on the road from Beirut to
southern Lebanon, and the Phalangists
See LEBANON on page 2
Student gets charged with DUI
while riding his bicycle home
By ANDY HODGES
Staff Writer
The widely publicized crackdown on
drunken driving has many people look
ing for alternative solutions to the
problem of getting home after a long
night out on the town.
But as UNC sophomore William
Paul Sexton found this weekend, at
least one of those alternatives might not
be so wise.
Sexton, 18, from Fayetteville, was
arrested Sunday at 12:20 a.m. for driv
ing in the influence while riding a bicy
cle on West Cameron Avenue, accord
ing to Master Officer Greg Jarvies of
the Chapel Hill Police Department.
Sexton said Tuesday that he had
been barhopping Saturday night and
had gotten involved in "a hellatious
game of quarters at Keegan's." He was
on his way to his Tar Heel Manor
apartment in Carrboro when he was
stopped by police, he said.
"As I began riding back I thought I
might not make it because I fell an
unmentionable amount of times," Sex
ton said.
Jarvies said Sexton fell off the bike
twice while police were watching him
and he fell off a third time when the
police car's flashing light came on.
North Carolina's DUI law applies to
any type of vehicle, including tractors
and mopeds, Jarvies said. ,
"People have even been charged
with driving under the influence while
riding a horse," he said.
Jarvies admitted, though, that such
cases are rare.
"Most people you wouldn't arrest
on a bicycle," he said. "But in this case
the person was in and out of traffic and
a hazard to himself and others."
Sexton had a blood alcohol content
of 0.13, Jarvies said.
Since he was charged with violating
the same law that governs the drivers of
motor vehicles, Sexton could face a
maximum penalty of losing his driver's
license for one year and a $500 fine if
he is found guilty.
Soviets admit shooting down jet , blame U.S.
The Associated Press
The Soviet Union, just minutes after the United States
brought "definitive proof before the world community,
admitted officially for the first time Tuesday that its
warplanes shot down a South Korean jetliner.
But the Soviets said their interceptor pilots were con
vinced the civilian Boeing 747 was a U.S. spy plane, and
the "entire responsibility" for the tragedy rests with the
United States.
The Kremlin continued to claim the Korean jet may, in
deed, have been flying an intelligence mission for the
United States, and issued a blunt warning: The Soviet air
force acted in accordance with Soviet law and would do
the same again.
It was "a lengthy, gross and obviously pre-planned
violation of the airspace of the Soviet Union," Soviet
Ambassador Oleg A. Troyanovsky alleged at the U.N.
Security Council.
The Soviet admission came six days after Korean Air
Lines Flight 007 was downed over the Sea of Japan after
crossing into Soviet territory on a flight from New York to
Seoul, South Korea. All 269 people aboard were killed.
Before Tuesday, official Soviet statements had either ig
nored or rejected U.S., Japanese and South Korean re
ports that the giant jetliner was destroyed by a heat-seeking
missile fired by a Soviet fighter-interceptor.
But at about 1 p.m. EDT Tuesday, less than an hour,
after U.S. Ambassador Jeanne J. Kirkpatrick presented
(apes of the Soviet pilots radio conversations to the U.N.
Security Council, the Soviet government statement admit
ting the plane was shot down was read on the Moscow
nightly television news.
Kirkpatrick later said the Soviets had been forced to
make the admission because "the definitive proof was
finally put on the record for the whole world to see."
While the U.N. council debated possible international
sanctions, the governing body of the International Federa
tion of Airline Pilots Associations, meeting in Britain,
called for a 60-day ban on flights to Moscow to demon
strate "revulsion" at the Soviet action.
That retaliatory step is expected to be limited, however,
since many governments may not allow their pilots to
comply.
In other developments:
The International Civil Aviation Organization, the
United Nations' aviation agency, scheduled a meeting of
its governing council for next week to discuss the downing
of the Korean airliner.
South Korean civic, religious and business organiza
tions prepared a massive memorial service for today at a
Seoul stadium for the victims. More than 100,000 people
were expected to be present for the Buddhist, Protestant
and Roman Catholic rites.
A firebomb was hurled at the Soviet consulate in
Sapporo, northern Japan, Tuesday night, police reported.
No injuries or damage was reported. Two dozen Japanese
were among the victims of the downing of Flight 007.
Any U.N. Security Council vote to adopt sanctions
against the Soviet Union is sure to be vetoed.
But Kirkpatrick said it was conceivable the Soviets
would accept a resolution dealing with methods to prevent
a repetition of such incidents.
Japanese officials said their military forces provided the
tape of the Soviet pilots radio transmissions, part of
which was broadcast Monday night in President Reagan's
nationally televised speech. Russian and English-translation
transcripts of the tape were shown on five video ter
minals in the Security Council chamber.
The recorded radio transmissions showed that at least
one of the Soviet fighter pilots pursuing the big commer
cial jet closed in and reported, "I am going around it. I'm
already moving in front of the target."
Then he said, "I am dropping back. Now 1 will try a
rocket."
A short time later the pilot of what the United States
said was a Su-15 pursuit plane reported: "I have executed
the launch. . .the target is destroyed." '
Said Kirkpatrick: "Perhaps the most shocking fact
learned from the transcript," was that "at no point did
the pilots raise the question of the identity of the target
and international norms.
"No nation has the sovereign right to shoot down any
person or vehicle that may stray across its border in
peacetime."
Troyanovsky, responding, said that the Soviets twice
tried to establish contact with the aircraft but that it "ig
nored every attempt made by Soviet ground services and
air forces to identify it" and "was not willing to land at
the nearest airport."