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Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Copyright 1983 The Daily Tar Heel. All rights reserved.
Volume 91, Issue 81
Friday, October 28, 1983
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
NewsSportsArts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising 962-1163
Events in Lebanon and Grenada linked, Reagan says
The Associated
WASHINGTON President Reagan charged
the Soviet Union on Thursday night with encourag
ing the violence in both Lebanon and Grenada
"through a network of surrogates and terrorists." It
is "clear a Cuban occupation" of Grenada had
been planned, he said.
' The president said the foremost mission of the
American invasion of the Marxist-ruled Caribbean
island was to guarantee the safety of U.S. citizens.
"The nightmare of our hostages in Iran must never
be repeated," he declared.
Reagan also vowed that those responsible for the
bombing in Beirut that killed 225 Marines and
sailors "must be dealt justice." "They will be."
In a televised address to the nation, Reagan said
"The events in Lebanon and Grenada, though
oceans apart, are closely related. Not only has
Moscow assisted and encouraged the violence in
both countries, but it provides direct support
through a network of surrogates and terrorists."
"It is no coincidence that when the thugs tried to
wrest control over Grenada, there were 30 Soviet
advisers and hundreds of Cuban military and
paramilitary forces on the island," Reagan said.
"Two hours ago," the president said, "we re
leased the first photos from Grenada. They included
pictures of a warehouse of military equipment, one
of three we have uncovered so far. This warehouse
contained weapons and ammunition stacked almost
to the ceiling, enough to supply thousands of ter
rorists. "Grenada, we were told, was a friendly island
paradise for tourism. But it wasn't. It was a Soviet
Cuban colony being readied as a major military bas
tion to export terror and undermine democracy. We
got there just in time," he said.
The president devoted most of his address to his
explanation of why American forces remain in
Lebanon despite the heavy loss of lives.
But he declared the invasion of Grenada a
"brilliant operation" that thwarted a takeover of
the Caribbean outpost by the Castro government.
Reagan said that on Grenada, the United States
had assumed that several hundred Cubans working
on an airport runway on the southern part of the
island could be military reservists.
"As it turned out, the number was much larger
and they were a military force," Reagan said. "Six
hundred have been taken prisoner and we have dis
covered a complete base with weapons and com
munications equipment which makes it clear a
Cuban occupation of the island had been planned."
About 3,000 American forces have landed on the
island since a pre-dawn invasion Tuesday. "It is our
intention to get our men out as soon as possible,"
the president said.
The president said the invasion is "now in the
mopping-up phase."
"Regrettably," he said, Cuban President Fidel
Castro "ordered his men to fight to the death and
some did. The others will be sent to their
homeland."
. Reagan said he ordered the invasion because of
an urgent request from Grenada's neighbors "that
we join them in a military operation to restore order
and democracy in Grenada
"These small, peaceful nations needed our help,"
the president said, adding that three of the countries
do not have any arms and the others have only
limited forces.
"The legitimacy of their request, plus my own
concern for our citizens, dictated my decision," said
Reagan. "I believe our government has a respon
sibility to go to the aid of its citizens if their right to
life and liberty is threatened.
"The nightmare of our hostages in Iran must
never be repeated," the president said.
In Grenada, American forces crushed a final
stronghold of Grenada's defenders Thursday, but
the Caribbean island's diehard Marxist leader was
reported still resisting the invaders and holding a
woman hostage.
The United States poured hundreds of fresh
paratroopers into the fight for the tiny nation
Thursday. President Reagan said a fully equipped
Cuban base was found and that the operation
thwarted a planned Cuban takeover of the island.
Pounding artillery fire could still be heard at the
Point Salines airport Thursday night. The shelling
was to head off a possible counterattack, Marines
told a contingent of 12 reporters flown to the island.
The U.S. forces were also strafing positions with
four or five A-7 Corsair jet aircraft, said Army Lt.
Col. Fred Ackers in a briefing on the island.
Six hundred Cuban soldiers and 200 Cuban
civilian prisoners were being held in an encampment
on a hill overlooking the airport, the reporters were
told.
During a stay of several hours, reporters were
taken to five warehouses full of crated arms that
Ackers said were from Cuba and the Soviet Union
See GRENADA on page 3
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In the trial of Lt. Gov. Jimmy Green, defense attorney Wade M. Smith (left) makes his closing arguments to the jury, and
prosecutor James L. Blackburn (right) makes his closing arguments. The trial was held at Wake Superior Courthouse.
Pnotos
Jury hears closing arguments in Green trial
By CINDY PARKER
Staff Writer
RALEIGH The jury heard closing arguments
from both sides in the trial of Lt. Gov. Jimmy Green
Thursday at the Wake Superior Courthouse.
Green, 62, is charged with receiving a $2,000 bribe,
consenting to receive a $2,000 bribe and twice con
senting to receive $10,000 a month from undercover
FBI agent Robert J. Drdak in exchange for helping
Drdak cut through red tape in the opening of a pro
posed nightclub.
Green occasionally glanced at his family while his
attorneys made one final attempt to convince the
jury of his innocence.
Howard F. Twiggs, defense attorney, reminded the
jury that their minds must be completely free from
doubt in order to convict Green. He told them to im
agine a man pushing a gigantic boulder up a hill. If
he stops and hesitates before he reaches the top, then
he has reasonable doubt," Twiggs said.
Green had said that he was suspicious of Drdak,
known to him as Tom "Doc" Ryan, from the begin
ning. In testimony earlier this week, Green said he re
turned the $2,000 check from Drdak soon after it was
brought to his attention.
"Jimmy Green has done nothing except return the
only check he ever received," said Twiggs. He said,
"actions speak louder than words" was the main
theme of the trial and said Drdak was "a wolf in
sheep's clothing" who was always trying to "break
Jimmy Green's neck."
Green rejected Drdak's offer 25 times in the
transcripts of conversations between Green and
Drdak, Twiggs said. He also said that all the face-to-face
meetings between the two occurred in very pub
lic places or in Green's home, thus dispelling any pos
sibility of illegal action.
Both Twiggs and Wade M. Smith, Green's other
lawyer, described the "nightmare" that Green has
been living since the charges were brought against
him. "I long to see this man have peace," Smith said.
"Mr. Green is the only person in this courtroom
who knows the truth," Smith told the jury. The most
unusual thing about this case, he said, is that "every
thing which is a crime had to have happened quietly,
silently, in Mr. Green's head, if it happened at all."
"This case literally drips with doubt," Smith said,
adding that it takes only one piece of doubt to pro
hibit a guilty verdict from being passed.
Green's credibility was reflected in the testimonies
of several character witnesses earlier this week, Smith
said. Circumstances point unerringly to innocence,
he said. "I don't know why he's here, but I'll argue
that he's not guilty."
The prosecution said that Green's testimony was
inconsistent and didn't correspond with the tran
scripts provided for the court. The jury was told that
Green became scared and that his request for help
from the State Bureau, of Investigation was simply a
cover-up instigated when he became suspicious that
Drdak was going to turn him in.
Special prosecutor James L. Blackburn informed
the jury, that Green was the first person to mention
the phrase "$10,000 per month," and he quoted
Green as saying to Drdak, "I'm not insulted by your
offer."
"It doesn't matter if you bring 5,000 character wit
nesses into this courtroom .... The transcripts
speak for themselves," Blackburn said.
When Drdak implied that Green might be trying to
frame him, Green said "I'm not that kind." This is
the line that the defense wishes was not there, Black
burn said.
"What kind of man is Jimmy Green?" Blackburn
asked the jury. "What kind of man says he's not in
sulted by the offer of a bribe? If I live for a long time
I will always want to know and I .will always be so
disappointed," said Blackburn.
Both the defense and the prosecution expressed
their regret at having the holder of the second-highest
office in the state on trial.
Blackburn concluded his arguments by telling the
jury that he wanted them to take as much time as
needed to reach a decision. "Time is not important in
a matter like this," he said. "Whatever you decide
will be the truth in this case."
Judge James M. Long of Pilot Mountain is set to
give instructions to the jury this morning, and then it
will begin deliberations.
Green, a two-term lieutenant governor, is expected
to run for governor in 1984. But convicted felons are
prohibited by the N.C. Constitution from holding
public office.
If convicted, Green faces a maximum prison sen
tence of 20 years as well as an unspecified fine.
New campus political party criticizes Student Government
By MARK STINNEFORD
Staff Writer
A progressive political party has
sprouted on campus, charging that Stu
dent Government is not responsive to the
needs and interests of students.
Students Effectively Establishing a .
Democratic System will provide a forum
for issues that have been muted within
Student Government, said SEEDS
spokesman Marty Leary.
"We feel there is room for a progres
sive voice," said Leary, a freshman.
Two SEEDS-sponsored candidates,
Carol B. Solow and Bill Barlow, won va
.cant graduate seats on the council in
special elections Tuesday. And CGC
member Allan Rosen (District 7) said he
plans to join SEEDS.
During their campaigns, Solow and
Barlow proposed passing a symbolic reso
lution declaring UNC a nuclear-free
zone, establishing a water conservation
plan for the University, expanding
UNC's anti-discrimination policy to bar
discrimination based on sexual preference
and forcing the University to rid itself of
holdings in companies that operate in
South Africa.
Solow, a first-year graduate student in
the School of Social Work, said the CGC
was a self-serving body, reluctant to
tackle controversial issues.
"I don't think the CGC is expansive
and responsive," she said. "UNC is not a
Carolina Blue vacuum. What happens
outside affects us. What we do can affect
the real world."
Barlow, a first-year graduate student in
the department of city and regional plan
ning, said Student Government has con
tributed to campus apathy by failing to
deal with issues that are important to
students.
"They've taken politics out of Student
Government," Barlow said. "Without
politics, what interest would constituents
have?"
Rosen, a doctoral candidate in the
School of Public Health, said many CGC
members are more interested in padding
their resumes than serving students.
"SEEDS will attract students who are
interested in improving Student Govern
ment rather than their own lot," Rosen
said. He was the sponsor of a recently
passed CGC resolution calling on the
University to divest its holdings in com
panies operating in South Africa.
CGC Speaker James Exum said he was
pleased by the formation of SEEDS but
puzzled by some of the party's criticisms.
"Their remarks are somewhat un
founded," said Exum, a junior industrial
relations major. "This council in parti
cular has reached out and addressed some
controversial issues that are within our
control.
"If there are some measures we are not
addressing, we welcome the new members
to bring these matters before us," he
said.
Exum cited the CGC's passage of the
divestment resolution, its efforts to halt a
fee charged to students who stayed in
residence halls over Fall Break and its
continued funding of the Black Student
Movement Gospel Choir as evidence of
the council's willingness to take on con
troversial issues.
Exum said some of the organizers of
SEEDS had asked him informally to join
the party.
"I'm a supporter," Exum said. "But
that doesn't mean I'm a member."
Garth Dunklin, chairman of UNC-CH
College Republicans, said he could not
predict whether campus conservatives
would form a political party in response
to SEEDS. But he said that some action
should be taken to counteract the new
progressive party.
VI f they are going to form a party, we
need to provide a defined response on the
other side," said Dunklin, a junior
political science and economics major.
In the past, College Republicans has
had as many as 12 members on the CGC,
Dunklin said. This year the number has
dwindled to three or four, he said.
"(In the past) a lot of people bitched
that the CGC was too conservative," he
said. "We didn't like to see that change."
Barlow said he welcomed the forma
tion of other campus political parties.
"I'm not just pushing the SEEDS
idea," Barlow said. "I think everybody
should have their interests represented.
They should get organized and run somebody."
Student describes
life on Grenada
By JIM ZOOK
Staff Writer
UNC graduate Matt German was asleep
in his dormitory room on the island of
Grenada early Tuesday morning when he
was awakened by the sounds of battle.
"There was a huge explosion
machine gun fire, anti-aircraft fire, mortar
fire all over the campus. Bullets were
flying all over and my roommate and I
looked at each other and dove for cover,"
German said.
Interviewed in Chapel Hill late Thurs
day, German was more than 2,000 miles
away from that scene, which had taken
place less than 72 hours earlier. A 1982
UNC graduate in chemistry, the student at
St. George's Medical School on the tiny
island found himself trapped in his room
as the fighting waged outside.
One of about 600 American students
there, German described Grenada as a
"very laid back place with very nice peo
ple." The first evidence of violence was on
Oct. 19, he said, the day that Prime
Minister Maurice Bishop and members of
his cabinet were executed.
"I was in an anatomy exam," he said.
"While waiting for the exam, we heard
machine gun fire. We saw people on the
( beach with binoculars, who could see peo
ple running."
When news of the deaths of Bishop and
his Cabinet members reached campus
along with the news of the new Marxist
regime taking over, the mood among the
students was split, German said. Some
took a "wait and see" attitude while
others, including German, wanted to get
off the island.
"I talked to some people from Grenada
and they said that blood would be flowing
and that there would be a civil war," he
said.
Meanwhile, the medical school ad
ministration seemed unshaken by the
t?i Yip
Matt German
events, telling students to go back to stu
dying. That same day, a 24-hour shoot-on-sight
curfew was imposed.
"The school was telling us not to worry.
Some students believed that. I didn't, and
I wanted off the island, but I didn't take
action because I didn't know how," he
said. ,
"For the next four days, students were
at the school. We had to cook, and we had
to worry about the water because we
didn't have hardly any. We heard shots all
through the night. All . this time, the
(school) administration took the position
that we had no worries, and that we
should be studying."
The result was a lot of worrying by stu
dents and a lack of concentration for stu
dying or anything else.
"Food was low. We had enough, but we
had some people who liked to eat. Our
water was green, and we had to boil it,
which was kind of disconcerting. The ad
ministration tried to relax everyone by
dividng rum and Coke among the
students.
See MED STUDENT on page 3
War resisters challenge
truth of 'final letter5
By VANCE TREFETHEN
Staff Writer
At least 75,000 young men nationwide
have received "final notice" letters from
the U.S. Selective Service because they did
not register for a possible draft.
Mandy Carter of the War Resisters
LeagueSoutheast said Wednesday that
the letters stated that the men who received
them would be subject to prosecution by
the Justice Department if they failed to
register.
Even though the letter says it is the last
warning the recipient will get, "the warn
ing letter is not the last go-round," she
said.
Carter said the names of those who fail
to register after receiving the letter would
simply be turned over to the Department
of Justice but that prosecution would not
necessairly follow. She said the chances
were very small that anyone would actually
be prosecuted for failure to register.
Carter disputed the Selective Service's
assertion that more than 95 percent of the
18-year-olds in the country had complied
with the registration law. She said that the
large number of letters sent out to alleged
nonregistrants proved that the compliance
rate was not that high.
Wil Ebel, assistant director of the Selec
tive Service, said the final-notice letter was
a much more serious affair. He said if
someone fails to register after receiving the
letter, the next step could be a personal
visit by an FBI agent. "To knowingly and
willingly fail to register is a felony," he
said.
But Ebel stressed that "the goal at
Selective Service is registration, not pro
secution." He said it was important to get
full compliance from those who have not
registered in order for .the law to be fair to
those who have obeyed it. Ebel said the
compliance rate was percent to 98 per
cent. Ebel also stressed the difference between
Selection Service registration and an actual
draft. "I just absolutely could not see a
return to a military draft in the near
future," he said, adding that Congress, the
president and the public in general are all
very much opposed to an active draft, even
in light of recent events in Lebanon and
Grenada. The current numbers and quality
of armed forces personnel were adequate
for America's national defense needs, he
said.
Another factor that may forestall the
need for a draft is the increasing number
of people rushing to military recruiting sta
tions since the deaths of more than 200
Marines in Lebanon.
Although the. recent deaths in Lebanon
and the fighting in Grenada were expected
to reduce the. number of new enlistees,
recruiters have found the opposite to be
true. Would-be volunteers have recently
included many ex-GIs and even some
World War II veterans wishing to return to
the service.
Carter said the deaths in Lebanon were
an indication of unfairness in the military,
See DRAFT on page 4