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Weather
With highs in the low 50s
and lows in the mid-30s.
Partly cloudy tonight.
Whew!
-This is the final issue of the
DTH for the fall semester,
but we'll be right back the
day classes resume.
A i i!
Serving the students and the University community since 1893
Copyright 198J The Daily Tar Heel. All rights reserved.
Volume 91, Issue 107
Friday, December 9, 1983
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
NewsSportsArts 962-0245
BusinessAdvertising 962-1163
Choir's victory expected to cool funding controversy
By MARK STINNEFORD
Staff Writer
Action by the Student Supreme Court has pro
bably put to rest the long-running controversy over
the allocation of student fees to the Black Student
Movement Gospel Choir.
An analysis
In an unanimous opinion handed down Sunday,
the court upheld the allocation of fees to the choir,
accepting the BSM's contention that the group is
cultural not religious in nature.
The showdown for the choir's funding was pro
bably made inevitable by a new amendment to the
Student Constitution. The amendment, approved
in a student body referendum in February, pro
hibits the CGC from appropriating Student Ac
tivities Fees "to programs, services or events of a
political or religious nature."
The CGC's budgetary rules have long contained
restrictions against the funding of religious and
political activities, but council members could not
agree on the terms "religious" and "political."
Hoping to force the issue, members of the
1982-83 CGC began pushing for the constitutional
amendment. The amendment put the issue within
the jurisdiction of the Student Supreme Court.
Frustrated by the refusal of the CGC to strip the
choir of funds, council members Steve Reinhard
(District 1) and Allan Rosen (District 7) brought a
complaint against the choir in April. The Supreme
Court heard the case on Nov. 16.
The choir emerged from the case largely
unscathed. Opponents had long demanded that
the choir drop the word "gospel" from its name
and add more secular music to its repertoire. But
the court ruled that the choir was not violating the
constitution by singing gospel music.
"It's important that the choir remain a gospel
choir," Choir President Fletcher Gamble said
Wednesday. "It's part of the culture that we are a
gospel choir rather than a choral group."
'It's important that the choir re
main a gospel choir. It's part of the
culture that we are a gospel choir
rather than a choral group. '
Fletcher Gamble,
BSM gospel choir president
The ruling will bar the choir from reciting prayer
or scripture during its performances. Reinhard,
counsel for the plaintiffs, had charged that the
choir opened an April campus performance with
prayer. The court's opinion stated: "The Gospel
Choir regularly opens its performances with a
prayer and scripture reading. There is evidence
that the Gospel Choir president can direct the
choir to discontinue this practice in future performances."
But Gamble said Wednesday that the choir had
no part in p aver or scripture readings that had oc
curred before its performances.
"Sometimes we were not even in the churches
when that happened," Gamble said. "All we do is
sing."
Included in the court's ruling was a religious
nature test that is likely to be used by the CGC to
guide future and fund allocations. A program, ser
vice or event will be determined to be religious in
nature if its "primary character ... looked at in the
entire context, including all surrounding cir
cumstances, ... promotes or advocates a non
secular idea or belief or solicits the reasonable in
dividual to a non-secular belief." A performance
also violates the constitution if it contains prayer
or scripture-reading or is held as part of a religious
service.
CGC Speaker James Exum said he supports the
court's suggestion that the council modify its
budgetary rules to take the court's opinion into account.
"In the past, we had all come up with our own
idea of what religious-in-nature means," Exum
said. "Now we have guidelines."
Rosen expressed fear Sunday that the court's
opinion would open the door for choirs of campus
ministries such as the United Christian Fellowship
to make cosmetic changes and seek funding from
the CGC.
But UCF President Robert Harrell said his
groip had no intention of seeking student fees for
its choir.
"We make no bones about it, we're a religious
organization," Harrell said. "The rule (against
funding religious activities) makes sense to us. We
don't intend to fight it."
The court apparently has sought to limit its own
power to punish organizations whose activities are
declared unconstitutional under the religious
nature test. The court may issue an injunction to
stop the funding of an activity found to be
See BSM on page 5
Q I
Fowl stay
DTHZane A. Saunders
It's not an oil rig. A small flock of birds relaxes on the television antenna on the roof of Swain Hall. The birds probably
paused in their migration to enjoy North Carolina's mild temperatures. But predictions for a cooling off in the weather
may persuade them to leave their perch for sunnier states further south.
easan considers
moving Marines
The Associated Press
BEIRUT, Lebanon U.S. Marines wiped out a
Shiite militia sniper nest and bunker in a fierce ex
change of fire Thursday, and the Reagan administra
tion said it was considering plans to move the Marines
out of Beirut airport to safer positions.
The Marines retaliated when the northeastern
perimeter of their base came under a sustained barrage
of mortar fire, rocket-propelled grenades and
automatic rifle fire at 9:26 a.m. (2:26 a.m. EST).
The shooting came from a fortified position in the
Shiite Moslem stronghold of Hay el-Sellum, and the
bunker was destroyed with 60mm mortars, M-60tank
guns and Dragon missiles, Marine spokesman Maj.
Dennis Brooks said.
In addition to the bunker, the Marines shelled a
building that had been used by Shiite snipers to fire at
leatherneck positions some 150 yards away.
Brooks said the Marines suffered no casualties in
the battle, which ended at 10:40 a.m. (3:40 a.m. EST),
but the Marines remained in foxholes and bunkers on
their highest state of alert.
Hay el-Sellum is a stronghold of Amal, the domi
nant Shiite militia in Lebanon. Shiite fanatics were
suspected of masterminding the suicide truck bombing
on Oct. 23 that killed 240 American troops at the
Marine base.
The Marines also face the Druse who control the
hills above the airport, and Druse gunners were
responsible for an attack that killed eight Marines Sun
day. Because of the increasing attacks, the Reagan ad
ministration is considering plans to move the Marines
away from the airport to more sheltered positions,
presidential spokesman Larry Speakes said in
Washington Thursday.
"There have been discussions on this matter. . .par
ticularly since they came under attack and even more
so since the car bombing" of Oct. 23, he said.
Speakes declined to give details, but said no con
sideration is being given to withdrawing the Marines
from Lebanon.
The New York Times said the plans under con
sideration include redeploying the Marines to positions
south of the airport or to amphibious ships offshore,
and that they came in response to domestic and
foreign pressure.
Observers in Beirut said moving the Marines south
of the airport would still put them in range of Druse
batteries, but they would be more protected than at
the airport. They said putting the Marines aboard
ships, while protecting them, might tend to eclipse the
U.S. peacekeeping presence in Lebanon.
In Rome, Italian newspapers said Prime Minister
Bettino Craxi's government wanted to gradually
reduce its 2, 100-man contingent in the multinational
peacekeeping force in Lebanon.
Rome newspapers said the government fears Italian
peacekeepers might become entangled in Lebanon's
escalating violence. The other members of the
peacekeeping force are France and Britain.
U.S. involvement in the fighting, rose sharply Sun
day with an air strike against Syrian-controlled posi
tions in the central mountains. The Syrians downed
two U.S. fighter-bombers, killed one airman and cap
tured another.
Sen. Alfonse D'Amato said in New York Thursday
that the captured airman, Navy Lt. Robert O. Good
man, will be allowed to meet with representatives of
the International Red Cross.
D'Amato, a Republican, said State Department of
ficials passed that word on to lam. He also said the
U.S. ambassador to Syria, Robert Taganelli, demand
See LEBANON on page 15
Scholarship athletes
66 graduate over last 15 years
By LEE ROBERTS
Staff Writer
Approximately two-thirds of all
scholarship athletes enrolled at Chapel
Hill in the last 15 years graduated with
degrees, according to Phil Ben, academic
counselor for the University's athletic
association.
Ben said that 66 percent of the female
athletes and 63 percent of the male
athletes enrolled in that period had
graduated.
"I was surprised to find that less than
five percent of those who did not get
degrees did not because of academic
reasons," he said. "Most of the athletes
who didn't graduate from here withdrew
for personal or athletic reasons."
Ben said the Athletic Association con
ducted a survey last year. to see how
graduation rates changed between the
five years before and the 10 years since
the Atlantic Coast Conference lowered its
minimum academic standards in 1973.
"Surprisingly, they remained pretty
constant," he said.
At most schools, student-athlete
graduation rates are much lower than the
student body's graduation rate, accor
ding to Tim Sanford of the Registrar's of
fice. But UNC athletes' graduation rates
are only about 10 percent lower than
those of the student body.
Second team academic All-American
Sue Walsh said her coaches had always
emphasized academics strongly. "I. was
recruited to swim, but I'm a student
first," she said. "Carolina has a great
reputation. We are always thought of as
student-athletes, not just athletes."
Women's and men's soccer coach An
son Dorrance said that academics were
definitely first priority for all of his
student-athletes. "Earlier this season, we
had one man who was cutting a class con
stantly, and his teacher told us about it,"
Dorrance said. "We told that player that
he'd be benched if he skipped any more
classes. He's been to class."
Dorrance said it was good to have a
strong academic reputation when
recruiting, because he mainly recruited in
upper to middle class areas. "We try to
pick athletes who are going to be good
students," Dorrance said.
Men's basketball assistant coach Bill
Guthridge said that, like Dorrance,
Dean Smith and his staff started out by
recruiting only the athletes who would be
good scholars. This may explain the
athletes' high graduation rate from the
basketball program. "We cannot take
every Tom, Dick and Harry that can play
basketball," Guthridge said.
"Academics are number one."
i
"SPA
J?
1 W '
SAC structure safe,
investigation shows
3 Vi,
'iff,"
Sue Walsh
Guthridge said that Smith was so
dedicated tp seeing his athletes graduate
that he woul$ change the team's schedule
so they would miss as little school as
possible. "
See ATHLETE on page 14
N. C. officials confront women 's economic problems
By LINDA QUEEN
Staff Writer
Editor's note: Third of three parts.
Women often face special problems in the employment
and economic world, ranging from scarce jobs to low pro
perty holdings. To find solutions to these problems,
business and government officials in North Carolina have
begun working together, and they say conditions for
women workers are beginning to improve.
The U.S. Department of Labor predicts that only 5 per
cent of women will not be in the work force by 1990. In
North Carolina, 54 percent of working-age women
already hold jobs.
At the Governor's Conference on "Women and the
Economy," held in November at the Raleigh Civic
Center, some 1,000 participants compared ideas on
various topics regarding women in business.
Conference director Laura Carpenter Bingham said the
objective of the effort was to include citizens in the public
policy creation process. Conference participants made 125
recommendations on education, employment, finan
rial security and business development and prepared a
final report to be sent to Gov. Jim Hunt and the N.C.
General Assembly in February.
"In the education group, we want to stress increased
career counseling from kindergarten through adulthood,
so that women can be able to start to choose non
traditional, higher paid jobs," Bingham said. The reason
why women get paid less most of the time is that they
usually choose traditional female jobs, which are by
nature lower paying, she said.
"We also want to increase financial aid abilities to
women of all ages through public and private funds," she
said.
On employment, Bingham said the state is pursuing a
study on the concept "comparable worth" the idea of
equal pay for equal work. The idea is for the state to
become a model employer.
"Also, we're asking that employment benefit packages
be modified to reflect the modern family. Usually, they
(packages) revolved around the idea that the male was the
main breadwinner of the household. But only 16 percent
of American families actually have men as the sole
workers of the family." She said that the packages need to
reflect the fact that more women spouses are working
now.
"There is also a plan for a 'cafeteria style' benefit plan,
in which a company. offers a certain amount of different
types of benefits, and the women can choose benefits that
fit most to their own situations," she said.
Eighty percent of N.C. working women still occupy
low-paying, low-skilled jobs with less likelihood of ad
vancement, according to the N.C. Department of Labor.
Yet the average female worker is better educated than her
average male counterpart. Also, 45 percent of the N.C.
work force consisted of women in 1980, up from 43.5 per
cent in 1970.
But the state does not collect data on female-owned
businesses, Bingham said. The conference recommended
that an annual directory of such businesses be compiled.
Meanwhile, women still in college are choosing careers
that once were dominated by men, according to Peggy
McAllister, counselor for the University Career Planning
and Placement Service.
"A lot more women arc choosing careers like account
ing or business, whereas 10 years ago you never would
have seen that," she said.
See WOMEN on page 3
By DICK ANDERSON
and
KATE COOPER
Staff Writers
An independent investigation into al
leged structural flaws in the $30 rnillion
Student Activities Center has found the
center safe, according to Paul Zia, head of
the civil engineering department at N.C.
State University.
Zia said the results of his preliminary in
vestigation found minor construction
faults that did not weaken the overall
structure.
UNC officials had asked Zia to conduct
the investigation after University and con
tract engineers determined in November
that there were some defects in the con
struction of the facility.
"Zia is awaiting final information from
the architectural design team before mak
ing a final report," said Ray DeBruhl,
director of the Division of State Construc
tion of the N.C. Department of Ad
ministration. The final report is expected
to be completed before Christmas.
Zia was not available for comment.
"Zia is providing us this as a service to
the state,, without compensation. We did
not enter into a contract," DeBruhl said.
"Because of his expertise, there was not
a selection process," he said.
Allegations made in a letter to UNC
President William C. Friday by former
subcontractor Sterling Jones of Jones
Construction Company prompted the in
vestigation in November. In the letter,
Jones charged that steel reinforcements in
the concrete were inadequate in three
places.
At a news conference Nov. 3, University
and contract engineers partially confirmed
one of the allegations that some of the steel
ties were missing.
DeBruhl said Monday that the precau
tionary measure outlined on Nov. 3 by
Farris Womack, vice chancellor of
business and finance, was approved last
week.
The measure will consist of drilling holes
through the wall which will receive post
tension bolts. "Plates at the exterior of the
wall under the bolt heads will provide the
confinement that the ties shown on the
original contract documents were meant to
provide," Womack said.
In a related matter, one-third of the
SAC construction team has been named a
codefendant in a $4 million lawsuit filed by
the Florida state Board of Regents in
April.
The lawsuit filed against New York
based Geiger-Berger Associates said there
were design errors in the construction of
the University of Florida's O'Connell
Center and the University of South
Florida's Sun Dome, both dome-covered
structures similar in design to the SAC.
The facilities differ in that the areas in
question in the two Florida structures are
made of precast concrete, while the SAC
problem areas consist of poured concrete,
DeBruhl said.
The SAC is approximately 30 days
behind schedule because of problems with
the weather, said Charles W. Davis Jr.,
architect of engineering and construction.
"The investigation hasn't held up the
project at all," Davis said. Asked who
paid for the investigation, he said, "At this
point, no one. It may get into litigation
and probably will."
When completed, the SAC will be the
third largest coliseum on any U.S. cam
pus. The 22,000 seat facility will house a
basketball arena and new Olympic swim
ming and diving facilities. The SAC is
targeted to open February 1985.
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