2Trie Daily Tar Heel Tuesday, October 13, 1987
arf brf jplannis foreign gcoeoirmc reform
By LAURIE DUNCAN
Staff Writer
Although Central America is just
beginning to implement political
reforms, Sen. Terry Sanford, D-N.C,
is trying to foresee how economic
development in the five countries can
be advanced.
Sanford announced in June 1987
the creation of the International
Commission on Central American
Recovery and Development, a pri
vately funded research organization
to draft a plan for economic devel
opment in Nicaragua, El Salvador,
Honduras, Guatemala and Costa
Rica.
"This is as thorough a plan for
economic development in the world
since the Marshall Plan, Sanford
said Monday. The Marshall Plan was
a U.S. policy of economic aid for all
countries ravaged by World War II.
The blueprint for Central America
would look beyond the Arias plan,
a peace agreement the five countries'
presidents signed Aug. 7, said Ann
Hubbard, a Sanford representative.
The Arias plan, named after its
principal author, Costa Rican Pres
ident Oscar Arias, goes into effect
Nov. 7.
Sanford's economic plan would
give aid as a reward to countries that
achieve democratic reforms, he said.
The reforms, such as free press and
elections, correspond with the Arias
plan's goals of peace and democracy.
President Reagan has expressed
varying degrees of support for the
Arias plan, from labeling it "fatally
flawed" to calling it a good first step,
with "much work to be done." The
administration has not faltered in its
support for the contras, a rebel group
fighting Nicaragua's Sandinista
government, and plans to seek a $270
million contra aid package from
Congress.
The administration said the San
dinista regime cannot be trusted in
a peace agreement, but congressional
proponents of the Arias plan counter
that Nicaraguan President Daniel
Ortega has already taken steps
outlined by the plan that indicate his
willingness to achieve peace.
Ortega reopened the opposition
newspaper La Prensa; appointed four
people to a commission required by
the Arias plan that must comprise
church, government and opposition
party officials to monitor Nicaragua's
compliance with the accord; and
enacted a partial cease-fire.
The economic development plan
should be ready to present to Con
gress in one year, just before a new
administration comes in, Sanford
said.
The scope of the project is greater
than previous U.S. attempts at reform
in the region because it specifically
addresses issues such as education,
finance, debt and trade instead of
creating comprehensive aid pro
grams, Hubbard said.
The international commission
brings together American and Latin
American scholars to study the needs,
strengths, weaknesses and priorities
of the Central American people, said
Hubbard, who is running the
Durham-based organization. San
ford said the principal research would
be conducted in San Jose, Costa Rica.
The freshman senator dove into
Central American peace issues as
soon as he arrived in Washington.
Early in 1987 he was appointed to
the Central American Negotiations
Observer Group, a bipartisan team
of six senators studying the progress
of peace measures in the region, and
he has visited Central America twice
this year as a member of this
delegation.
N.C. high court clarifies state, local laws
By MICHAEL JORDAN
Staff Writer
'. The N.C. Supreme Court devised
a new test to distinguish local leg
islation from statewide legislation in
a decision handed down last week.
The court reversed a N.C. Court
of Appeals ruling by deciding 5-1 in
Town of Emerald Isle vs. State of
North Carolina that despite a con
stitutional prohibition, the state can
legislate locally as long as the law
promotes the general welfare of the
public.
The town was contesting state
legislation that prohibited cars from
a four-block area in the town. It also
created public beach access and
required the town to maintain it.
"The (N.C.) General Assembly
does not have the authority, or did
not seem to have the authority, to
do that," said Wade Horn, Emerald
Isle town manager.
". In past rulings, the state could not
enact laws affecting a specific area,
but the new ruling reverses the 100-year-old
precedent.
Writing for the court, Associate
Justice Henry Frye said, "We hold,
therefore, that the restrictions on
vehicular traffic contained in the act
are intended to promote the general
welfare of the public and are reason
ably based to further this intent."
Robin Smith, associate attorney
general of North Carolina, said the
decision set up a two-pronged test.
The first test would be whether an
act affects only a local area and the
second test would be whether the act
serves the interests of the general
public, Smith said.
"It looks like it will be a very
significant decision in setting a new
test of general vs. local," Smith said.
The ruling could further jeopardize
any other local laws, Horn said. Every
local issue could be treated as a
statewide issue, he said.
"If you really think about the
implications there, we have almost
done away with local laws," Horn
said.
But proponents of the decision said
the new test will not erode the
distinction between local acts and
general legislation.
"(The court's decision) is pretty
much a restatement of what we at
the state level believed that the law
was all along," said David Owens,
director of the N.C. Division of
Coastal Management. "In cases
where there is a significant state
interest, the state will be allowed to
address that interest."
Associate Justice Louis Meyer
dissented from the court's decision
and Associate Justice John Webb
abstained.
In his dissent, Meyer wrote, "The
purpose of the constitutional prohi
bition against the use of local acts
to accomplish certain ends was to
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prevent just the sort of situation
presented by this case the use of
legislative power to further very
limited local interests rather than the
general welfare."
Meyer said the decision wrongly
gives the state a way to justify
circumventing the intent of the state
constitution.
Webb said he did not participate
in the decision because he heard the
case as a member of the appeals court
and, in fact, wrote the decision the
Supreme Court overturned.
"This court reversed me," said
Webb, who stands behind his decision
in the appeals court.
The case began in 1983 after town
property owners asked the town to
eUrninate vehicular traffic on their
section of Bogue Point. The town
refused, and landowners threatened
to form a new town, going as far as
introducing legislation in the General
Assembly to do so.
Eventually, a compromise bill was
introduced in the General Assembly"
to settle the dispute. That bill,
sponsored in part by former Rep. Al
Adams, D-Wake, became law in
1983. It required the town to impose
a ban on vehicular traffic in the area
and maintain access facilities built by
the state.
The town then filed its suit against
the state and won every decision until
the case reached the Supreme Court.
80 passengers sustain injuries
as Amtrak train derails in Iowa
From AModated Ptcm reports
RUSSELL, Iowa Amtrak's
California Zephyr slammed into a
railroad crane laying new track
Monday, knocking both locomo
tives and 1 1 cars of the passenger
train off the tracks and injuring
more than 80 people, officials said.
"Everything was going
smoothly and all of the sudden I
News in Brief
Oct. 10.
As the decades put the 1936
drubbing further and further
behind him, Landon became a
beloved symbol of his party, an
elder statesman who received
heard the screeching of the brakes President Reagan at his home on
and everyone went flying, said the occasion of his 100th birthday,
passenger Mildred Faddis of Landon, who emerged as the
Oakland, Calif. "There was debris GOP's bright hope by being the
everywhere. It was terrible." only Republican governor to win
Amtrak spokeswoman Debbie re-election in 1934, received eight .
Marciniak said the railroad's 16- electoral votes in the 1936 election,
car No. 6 train was headed east Long afterward, he acknow-
toward Chicago when it hit a ledged that he knew on Election
Burlington Northern "bridge der- Eve he didn't have a chance. Yet
rick" shortly after 1 1:30 a.m. near he never expressed any regret.
Russell. "You see, I had never planned
Eighty people were taken to the a political career," he said. "With
Lucas County Memorial Hospital me, politics was not a vocation but
in nearby Chariton, said hospital
administrator Bill Bruce, while
three of the most seriously hurt,
including two railroad workers,
were flown by helicopter to hos
pital in Des Moines.
GOP stalwart dies at 100
TOPEKA, Kan. Alf Landon,
the former Kansas governor
whose presidential hopes were
swamped in Franklin Roosevelt's
1936 landslide but who became the
grand bid man of the Grand Old
Party in a long life outside politics,
died Monday. He was 100.
Landon, the father of Sen.
Nancy Kassebaum, R-Kan., wryly
described himself as "a lawyer who
never had a case, an oilman who
never made a million and a
presidential candidate who carried
only Maine and Vermont."
He refused to be nettled about
his epic loss, and in later years gave state's southwestern coast, main-
his grandchildren pomes named taining them only on the eastern
for the two states he won. coast from Stuart, north of West
"They might have forgotten me Palm Beach, to Key Largo,
if it had been close," he once said. Floyd grew from a tropical
Landon was hospitalized Sept. storm to become the season's third
28 at Stormont-Vail Regional hurricane. It began heading up
Medical Center after compaining through the Florida Keys toward
of internal pain. He was treated southern Dade County at the
for a gallstone and a mild case of southern tip of the mainland,
bronchitis before returning home spawning at least two tornados.
an avocation.
He never sought office again.
Hurricane hits Florida coast
MIAMI Hurricane Floyd
sprang to life in the Gulf of Mexico
early Monday, hitting south Flor
ida with 80-mph winds and heavy
rain. Some coastal residents scur
ried for shelter, while others
cleaned stores of batteries, canned
food and bottled water.
But by Monday evening the eye
had all but disappeared, the
National Hurricane Center
reported, and winds dropped
slightly to 75 mph.
"There's, no well-defined storm,"
said forecaster Bob Sheets. "I'm
afraid some people are overreact
ing. This is just barely a
hurricane."
The center canceled hurricane
warnings Monday evening on the
Research
from page 1
For the Record
The stiff competition in the our budget is limited."
research field is the main reason for Although no researchers recently
fraud, Joseloff said. Of the 26,885 questioned at UNC said they sus-
oroDosals sent to the NIH in 1986. pected their colleagues of research
; In Friday's article "Family conflict'
is core of Lab Theatre play;," directory
Cynthia- Stewart ' was' -'iricorre'ctly "
identified as Carolyn' Stewart." The
DTH regrets the reporting error.
he said only 6,000 of them were
granted. , ,
"There is definitely "a tremendous
amount of .competition.-in the
research iCield," Joseloff said.
"Although we'd like to fund more
fraud, an article in a recent magazine
revealed that nearly one-third of the
scientists at one major universfty
suspected a fellow researcher of
fraud, j :. .i . .;.
Of these scientists, more than half
Who Saqs There's No Free Lunch?
proposals than we do, we can't, since of them said they had taken no action
either to check their suspicions or to
report the possible misconduct. A
minority of them said they would
retract a published paper immediately
after finding it to be based on
incorrect data or faulty equipment.
Anna Guadalupe, a chemistry
researcher at UNC, said that although
she has heard researchers at other
universities complain about col
leagues committing fraud, she hasn't
heard anything about it at UNC.
"Although IVe never seen anyone
commit any kind of fraud, IVe heard
people talking about it," Guadalupe
said. "But I really don't think that
it's much of a problem."
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