.
N oG. representatives
support motion 00
Plecfee of Allegiance
By ERIC GRIBBIN
Staff Writer
I On a roll-call vote to require the
JU.S. Congress to recite the Pledge of
'Allegiance daily, N.C. Reps. David
Price and Jamie Clarke were among
Jonly seven Democrats to join 161
Republicans in support of the motion
Jast week.
Recital of the pledge has been a
Source of political controversy lately,
;and Democrats charged that House
Republicans were trying to continue
,that controversy last week with the
jmotion.
; The motion was ruled out of order
jbecause it would require a change in
,House rules, and that ruling was
sustained in a 226-168 vote. Speaker
;of the House Jim Wright said later
;that Tuesday's and Wednesday's
;Hduse sessions would begin with the
;pledge.
j "Mr. Price voted the way he did
;because he felt that the calling for
the vote was essentially grandstand
ing on the part of the Republicans,
;who were trying to make it a cam
paign issue," said Rachel Perry,
; Price's congressional press secretary.
.'"He saw it as a symbolic vote, so he
.'voted for the pledge. He certainly
! supports the Pledge of Allegiance.
"Any vote by an incumbent can be
imade into a campaign issue," Perry
Isaid. "He (Price) would feel it
! unfortunate if this were made into a
J campaign issue."
! While Price's opponent in the
! November election, Tom Fetzer,
supports the pledge, he may not have
, made it a campaign issue, said Bob
j Harris, Fetzer's press secretary.
jPope be
u
worn vosot to Zimbabwe
From Associated Press reports
BULAWAYO, Zimbabwe Pope
John Paul II preached peace and
reconciliation Monday during an
open-air mass in Matabeleland, a
province where tribal warfare ended
only four months ago.
"No more training for war," the 68-year-old
pontiff told 50,000 people at
Ascot horse track in Bulwayo, the
provincial capital. . .,. -
"Hammer swords intojlowshares,
spears into sickles and nation will not
lift sword against nation," he said.
John Paul, who is on the first leg
of a five-nation, 10-day pilgrimage to
"southern Africa, flew to Bulwayo
from Harare.
He was welcomed at the track by
bishops in cassocks and African
drummers, dancers and singers
dressed in animal skins. The pope was
met at Bulwayo's heavily guarded
airport by Joshua Nkomo, former
rival of President Robert Mugabe
and now a senior minister in the
socialist government. . -;v
In December, Nkomo and Mugabe
signed an accord that merged their
feuding political parties. As a result,
nearly eight years of fighting between
armed dissidents loyal to Nkomo and
government troops in Matabeleland
ended in May.
John Paul speaking in English,
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"It was ' a partisan move by the
Republicans to put the Democrats on
record as to their stand on the Pledge
of Allegiance," said Dennis Clark,
press secretary for Rep. Clarke. "Mr.
Clarke felt strongly about it and he
voted for it.
"I'm sure it. was planned and
calculated and based on Mr. Dukakis'
veto of the pledge in Massachusetts
in 1977," Clark said.
The controversy over the pledge
began when Republican presidential
candidate George Bush attacked
Democrat Michael Dukakis for
vetoing a 1977 Massachusetts law
requiring teachers to lead the pledge,
according to Kenan law professor
Daniel Pollitt.
"The question was whether or not
teachers had to lead it," Pollitt said.
"Ordinarily, there must be a case or
controversy, but in Massachusetts the
(state) Supreme Court can give an
advisory opinion to the governor. The
Supreme Court advised the governor
(in a 7-2 vote) that it was unconsti
tutional, so Dukakis vetoed it. Then
the Massachusetts state legislature
overrode the veto, but the state
attorney general refused to enforce it
because it was unconstitutional."
Pollitt said he opposed Bush's
adamant support of a mandatory
pledge. "I feel strongly about it,"
Pollitt said. "I feel that people who
take an oath to uphold the Consti
tution must do so. I feel that it is
just terrible for him to accuse Duka
kis of something bad because he
vetoed a bill that was unconstitu
tional. What would Bush have done?
He would have had to veto the bill."
inns Africami torn
i
Latin and the two main African
languages of the Shona and Ndebele
tribes lamented that the minority
Ndebele people of Matabeleland did
not find peace after independence
from Britain on April 18, 1980.
But he prayed that their newfound
peace and reconciliation would hold.
"It is only eight years since your
struggle for national independence
was brought to an end," the pontiff
said from a red-carpeted rostrum
festooned with lilies. "Even after that,
many people in Matabeleland did not
find true peace . . . the civilian
population continued to suffer from
guerrilla warfare and other forms of
violence."
Before the mass, John Paul was
introduced by Swiss-born Matabele
land Bishop Henry Karlen who in
1984 accused troops of committing
atrocities against the Ndebele, tradi
tional foes of Mugabe's dominant
Shona tribe. Mugabe denounced
Karlen at the time for fabricating the
charges and siding with terrorists.
Among hundreds of civilians slain
in the conflict were 10 Catholic
missionaries, one of whom was killed
on April 19 just hours after Mugabe
announced a general amnesty for
rebels as part of the accord.
"The people of Matabeleland have
suffered much during the liberation
Stop in for a Trial with no Error !
We also process & print pro 120
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133 W.Franklin in
University Square
Dulkalkos
By CHRIS LANDGRAFF
Staff Writer '
Michael Dukakis' recent prop
osal to allow gradual paybacks of
student loans will provide students
who cannot afford to assume huge
debts upon graduation the oppor
tunity to attend school, a campaign
spokeswoman said Monday.
The proposal would allow stu
dents to receive government
guaranteed loans from institutions,
as they do now. Under the Dukakis
plan, however, students would pay
the loans back gradually through
paycheck reductions, similar, to
social security reductions.
Dukakis' opponent, George
Bush; has not been highly critical
of the recent proposal. "If this is
a workable program which will
benefit the educational system, I'm
sure it is something George Bush
Candidates exchange vol leys of criticism
From Associated Press reports
Democrat Michael Dukakis
charged Monday that an unsteady
George Bush botched his assignments
in the battle against drugs and
terrorism, while the Republican
nominee challenged Dukakis to state
his views on the U.S. strike against
Libya and invasion of Grenada.
Bush also named a panel of
national security advisers including
former Secretaries of State Henry
Kissinger and Alexander Haig as well
as Zbigniew Brzezinski, who was
former Democratic President Jimmy
Carter's national security adviser.
Dukakis, launching a three-day
counteroffensive against the Repub
lican, .charged he would cripple
American defense and foreign policy,
war," Karlen said, referring to the
seven-year guerrilla war led by sepa
rate armies under Nkomo and
Mugabe against white minority rule.
Matabeleland continued to suffer
after independence through drought
and violence, he added.
"The blood of 10 missionary
martyrs of the diocese of Bulawayo
has flowed into the soil," Karlen said.
"May this blood bear abundant
fruit." - .;.
The pope's visit to Matabeleland
came four months after 1 13 dissidents
left their bush hideouts . under the
amnesty, and there have been no,
reports of rebel-related violence since
then.
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proposes
will work with," said Bill Graham,
chairman of the Bush-Quayle cam
paign in North Carolina.
This proposal is one of a three
part plan to improve the American
educational system, said Amy
DeHart, communications director
for the North Carolina Dukakis
Bentsen campaign.
"Dukakis plans to make teaching
a more respected, better paid pro
fession, help solve the illiteracy
crisis, and provide a college loan
program which does not prevent
students from receiving a college
education," DeHart said.
"The tuition plan would comple
ment existing loan programs, but
would reach beyond the college loan
program which has been crippled
by the Reagan administration," she
said. ;
The program would be self-
and told 200 supporters at a union
hall in . Philadelphia that Bush was
"disastrously and unforgivably
wrong" for not warning President
Reagan against selling arms to Iran
in an attempt to free hostages.
Dukakis said he would restore
respect for America, which he said
had been undermined by Reagan
Bush failures to combat terrorism;
come to grips with the trade deficit;
and stop "the avalanche of drugs ...
pouring across our borders."
"In each of these areas, George
Bush has failed," the Massachusetts
governor said. ,
"I want to beat our foreign com
petitors; he's willing to settle for
second best. I want to crack down
on terrorism; he knuckled under to
the ayatollah. I. want a real war on
drugs; his answer to drug kingpins
like (Panama leader Manuel) Noriega
is J. Danforth Quayle," Dukakis said.
Bush, at a news conference in
Washington and later at a rally before
1,000 flag-waving Cuban-Americans
in Union City, N.J., cudgeled Duka
kis on defense and foreign affairs as
well as the economy.
"I will readily admit that I am
having trouble pinning down the
liberal governor of Massachusetts on
his defense," Bush said in New Jersey.
Bush demanded that Dukakis spell
out whether he supported the 1983
U.S. bombing raid on Libya and the
invasion "to free Grenada from its
Cuban masters." 1
"I would support those things.
3 SSSSl
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The Daily Tar
new loan polocy
supporting, costing the government
nothing, she said.
The loans would not be interest
free, and would not be paid by the
federal government. Rather, they
would be paid back throughout the
borrower's career through paycheck
withholdings. Borrowers also would
have the option of buying out of
the loan or paying the money back
in one piece.
The program should decrease the
amount of defaults on student
loans, because students would not
be saddled with immediate debt,
DeHart said.
Access to money is important
because applicants have no prior
credit record, but increased grants
are also needed, said Eleanor
Morris, director of student aid at
UNC.
"Increased access to money is
Now, does he support them? Let's ask
him that question," said Bush. If the
answer is no, he said, Dukakis would
show himself to have "veered outside
the bipartisan mainstream" on
national security issues. He also asked
whether Dukakis would admit "that
your support for a nuclear freeze was
a mistake."
Film
"I object to people making protests
against something they havent seen,"
Hartsell said.
Protesters who have not seen the
film may be reacting to their fears
of an increasingly complex world
with no clear-cut answers he said.
I think more and more people are
getting really intimidated with the
direction the world is taking," Hart
sell said.
There has been a conservative
"drift" toward stressing the effects of
media on morality since the 1970s,
and the political strength; of this
movement is evident in the contro
versy surrounding "Temptation," said
Peter Kaufman, a UNC professor of
religious studies.
The strength of conservative reli
gious groups of today is not excep-1
tional and is much like the atmo
sphere of the 1950s, Kaufman said.
"There's kind of a break in that
(pattern of conservative religious
political power) in the late '60s and
early 70s," he said.
Conservative religious groups
miners or me
ge
are
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Jennifer Morris
Ghris
Brannon
Bhattarai
Ati Jain
Layton Croft
Vernon Massenburg
HeelTuesday, September 13, 19883
important, but without increased
grants, this program sounds only
like the creation of a huge bureau
cracy," she said.
The program would put a huge
burden on graduates with low
paying jobs and favor those who
have high-paying jobs, she said.
But DeHart disagreed, saying the
slower payback plan would keep
low-salary workers from being
overwhelmed by payments. Profes
sions such as teaching and nursing
would also become more popular
because students would no longer
fear large debts, she said.
Cooperation with the banking
and business communities is essen
tial to the success of the program
but Dukakis is working with these
groups and is confident that an
agreement will be made, DeHart
said. t
Dukakis had his own questions for
Bush, ranging from the Iran-contra
affair to why the Reagan administra
tion cut funds for the Coast Guard
and aid for state and local drug:
agencies while it put "General
Noriega on its payroll." Noriega is
under indictment for drug trafficking
charges.
from page 1
never disappeared they , were just
ignored in the '60s, Kaufman said.
Such groups probably boycotted
"Jesus Christ, Superstar" or protested
"Hair" when it opened, but no one
heard about it, he said.
"They probably were boycotted,;
but it made no more than a local story;
... and was quickly forgotten."
Many groups have problems with
metaphorical or symbolic renderings
of the scripture they take literally, said
Grant Wacker, professor of religious
studies.
"You Have to understand, these
people truly love Jesus," Wacker said.
. Many of the protesters cannot
critically judge a film thafquestions
' the purity of Jesus any more than a
parent could judge a work question-.
. ing the character of his child, he said.
Rut rroani7prc rf tV Vrvrrttc ra1i7
they are counterproductive, Wacker
said.
"If the fundamentalists really
wanted to be rid of this film, they'd
leave it alone," he said. "But they
know that."
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