County voter turnout
drops slightly in 1988
By DENISE JOYCE
Staff Writer
Although voter participation in last
Tuesday's elections was extremely
low nationally, Orange County expe
rienced only a moderate drop in
turnout.
' "Turnout was pretty much what we
expected ... no significant drops,"
said Carolyn Thomas, Orange
County Board of Elections depart
ment supervisor.
' The board reported that 26,106
Democrats, 7,874 Republicans and
2,625 independents voted. That total
of 36,605 is about 65.7 percent of
eligible voters. The turnout dropped
3.3 points from a 69 percent turnout
in 1984.
; Though about 1,500 voting pre
cincts nationwide are still unac
counted for, the Committee for the
Study of the American Electorate
(CSAE) estimates that about 50
percent of eligible voters participated
Orthodox
policies of
By SANDY WALL
Staff Writer
As Yitzhak Shamir forms a new
government in Israel, some U.S. Jews
say they are dissatisfied at the role
the Orthodox parties are playing in
the new coalition.
Shamir's right-wing Likud Party
has begun to align itself with religious
factions in Israel to form a majority
coalition in the 120-member Israeli
Knesset, the country's legislature.
Shamir, directed to set up a
government by Israeli President
Chaim Herzog, has secured the
support of the two largest Orthodox
parties in Israel, the Shas Party and
the Agudat Yisrael.
Shamir has also received support
from the National Religious Party,
the Hatechia Party, the Moledet
Party and the Tzomet Party.
. The combined support gives
Shamir 63 seats in the Knesset.
; The new government will replace
the national unity coalition govern
ment that has shared power in Israel
for the last four years. That govern
ment featured the unlikely coalition
of Shamir's Likud Party and Shimon
Peres Labor Party.
; Some Israeli and American Jews
are concerned that the power given
to. the Orthodox parties will com
promise personal freedom in Israel
Institute
noticed groups, little-spoken-about
groups of the South." Possible topics
include Chinese people living in
Mississippi, communities with origins
in Southeast Asia and the presence
of Jews in the South.
The institute is an experiment in
communicating results of research to
students through teaching, and to
Freshmen
system increased from 1,1 12 last year
to 1,206 this year, and has increased
by 26 percent since 1980.
C Enrollment of black students in the
UNC system increased by 24.1 per
cent from 1976-86. According to the
Southern Regional Education Board,
black enrollment in colleges and
Scales
and poverty. He was also especially
attracted to the party because it
supported complete economic and
social equality for blacks at a time
When "nobody else advocated that,"
Scales said.
He joined the party in response to
his feeling of despair after seeing the
poverty and racial discrimination in
North Carolina, Scales said. "Some
thing had to be done."
He was unaware of the nature of
tne Stalinist purges occurring around
the time he joined the Communist
Party, he said. "I was a 100 percent
sucker."
J After the speech and question-and-ahswer
session that followed, Scales
said his political beliefs today are
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V. rf) American Hoart
:.; y Association
in this year's election, with 26.2
percent registered Republicans and
22.5 percent Democrats, said Dennis
Galvan, a CSAE research assistant.
The total is down from 53.1 percent
in 1984 and 52.8 percent in 1980, he
said.
About 91.3 million Americans
voted. North Carolina voter turnout
was at the lower end of the national
spectrum, with about 43.2 percent
participation.
Turnout dropped in 48 states and
the District of Columbia with only
Nevada and New Hampshire expe
riencing an increase from 1984.
The drop was probably due to the
nature of the presidential campaigns
rather than a general disinterest in the
government, Galvan said.
"The negativeness of the campaigns
and the lack of discussion on issues
insulted people (and) generated a lot
of cynicism, so people just stayed
away."
jairties may
new Israeli
and redefine who is classified as a
Jew.
The Orthodox parties have sought
to outlaw the use of public transpor
tation on the Sabbath and to forbid
the viewing of movies or sporting
events on the Jewish holy day.
Also at issue is the Israeli Law of
Return. The law defines who is a Jew
and who can be a citizen of Israel.
The rule now is that any person born
of a Jewish mother or converted by
any rabbi is considered a Jew.
The Orthodox factions in Israel
want the law changed to allow only
people converted by an Orthodox
Jewish rabbi under "Halacha," or
traditional Jewish law, or those who
have had an Orthodox-approved
conversion to be classified as Jews.
Shamir has pledged to work for
the measure's passage in the Knesset
in exchange for Orthodox support in
the new coalition.
"First of all, nothing is decided,"
said Rabbi Frank Fischer of the Hillel
Foundation in Chapel Hill. "A new
government in Israel does not exist,"
he said, because nothing is final until
Shamir's 21 days to form a govern
ment are over.
"This is a religious issue that we
believe should not be taking place in
a legislative body," said David Black,
deputy director of the Zionist Organ
ization of America. "There are Jews
fellow scholars and the larger public
through annual events, Tyson said.
The institute's fellowships are
funded by a grant from the Lurcy
Charitable Foundation in New York.
Cell said she was optimistic that the
institute would continue to receive
support from the Lurcy foundation.
The institute also receives state
universities nationwide increased by
3.1 percent in the same period.
Total black enrollment in the
system has increased by 14.3 percent
in the period 1980-87. In that period
the enrollment of black students at
the 1 1 historically white campuses has
increased 32 percent, to 8.3 percent
those of a "bleeding-heart liberal"
with definite socialist aspirations.
"I still believe in socialism as the
most humane and decent system, but
I don't think it exists anywhere or
that 111 ever see it in my lifetime,"
Scales said.
The audience was reserved but
responded with laughter to Scales'
SSD33
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STATION-TO-STATION COLLECT
Colombia torn by
By ERIC GRIBBIN
Staff Writer
The government of Colombia is
working to bring peace to the
nation, but the violence will con
tinue, said Jonathan Hartlyn, an
associate political science professor,
in a speech Monday night.
"When most people think about
Colombia, they think of cocaine
trafficking and Colombian coffee,"
Hartlyn said. "Now Amnesty Inter
national is here saying Colombia is
a human rights emergency. I agree."
Colombia's murder rate is five
times higher than the United States'
rate, with between 1,000 and 2,000
political murders in recent years, he
said. Targets of political murders
range from members of traditional
political parties and human rights
leaders to academics, journalists
and prostitutes.
The liberal and conservative
parties formed in the 1850s
are
influence
coalition
from all over the world in that secular
country."
The Zionist organization is "reli
giously pluralistic" and recognizes all
Jews converted by either Orthodox,
Conservative or Reformed methods,
Black said in a telephone interview.
Most of Israel's population does not
want any one religious party to have
the balance of power, he said.
"They are just really reaching out
for a general observance of what the
Bible tells us," said Rabbi Evan
Shore, an Orthodox Jew from the
Congregation Sha'Arei Israel in
Raleigh. The Orthodox parties are
seeking a re-emphasis on the present
law, he said. "The whole thing's being
blown out of proportion."
Religion can't be separated com
pletely from the state, said Samuel
Schacham, an Israeli living in
Raleigh. The revision of the Law of
Return almost passed the Knesset last
year, and it should pass this session
with the new government, he said.
Any revision to the Law of Return
would not be retroactive, said Scha
cham, who described himself as an
"Orthodox Jew, but not ultra
Orthodox." He also favored a larger
public recognition of the Sabbath as
a holy day, but said that peace in the
region was the most important issue
facing the Jewish state.
from page 1
funding.
The institute is also looking for
funding from private individuals and
foundations and from the National
Endowment for the Humanities, Cell
said. The search for funding is going
fairly well, she said, although no
possible donors have made commit
ments yet.
from page 1
of total enrollment at those
institutions.
The enrollment of white students
at the five traditionally black cam
puses has grown by 69 percent in the
seven-year period to 16.5 percent of
total enrollment at those schools.
from page 1
soft-spoken humor and asked numer
ous questions of the speaker. Denis
Thompson, a second-year graduate
student in genetics, said he found the
speech interesting although he had no
prior knowledge of Scales.
"It sounds like he paid a very heavy
price (for his political activism),"
Thompson said.
American Hoart
Association
Human Rights Week
important to Colombian history,
because disagreements between
them led to a series of civil wars,
most notably the War of the Thou
sand Days in 1899, Hartlyn said.
"People were born into a political
party," he said. "They simply
became a liberal or a conservative
by birth."
The period between 1946 and
1958 is known as La Violencia,
during which 200,000 died in vio
lence between supporters of the two
parties. A successful military coup
in 1953 led to a partial reconciliation
between the parties because they
both feared exclusion by the
military.
This resulted in the National
Front, a system of government that
distributed governmental positions
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Heel Tuesday, November 15, 19883
violence
parties from 1958 until 1974.
, But an overwhelming majority
voted in a liberal government in
1986, the first such government in
Colombian history.
The Colombian government has
had little success in combating
guerrilla violence, Hartlyn' said.
"There are about 160 paramili
tary death squads in Colombia
today," he said. "This is the current
situation in Colombia, violence
being carried out by the military,
by death squads, violence of guer
rillas. You have simply the violence
of everyday life."
The cocaine trade is also a major
problem for Colombia, Hartlyn
said.
"Colombia has the unfortunate
geographical advantage of being a
logical point for the transport of
cocaine to the U.S. One result is
violence."
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