Study shows growth
.iim N .C. job market
By CRYSTAL BERNSTEIN
Staff Writer
Nearly 400,000 new jobs were
created in North Carolina during
the last four years, with small
businesses contributing nearly
. three-quarters of them, according
to a UNC business professor's
study.
.t Small businesses those
employing fewer than 20 people
contributed the largest number
of new jobs, creating 43.4 percent
of them, said John Kasarda,
Kenan professor and co-author of
the study that traced employment
in the state from the beginning of
1984 to the end of 1987. Kasarda
is the director of the Center for
Competitiveness and Employment
Growth at UNC.
' Businesses employing 20 to 99
people made the second-largest'
1 .contribution, creating 29.7 percent
of the new jobs.
r "Large businesses were a very
important contributor also," said
i'. David Birch, co-author of. the
. study. Birch is president of Cog
netics Inc., a private research firm
based in Cambridge, Mass.
; Corporations with 100 to 499
employees contributed 7.2 percent
' of the new jobs created, and those
with more than 499 employees
contributed 21.2 percent.
Businesses during the four-year
period created a total of 763,000
jobs, but 366,000 jobs were lost,
- resulting in a net gain of 397,000
-jobs. New and expanded busi
nesses contributed 753,000 jobs,
and businesses moving to North
Carolina produced 10,000 jobs.
In contrast, business closings
udg
e requests decision 00 North tiria
From Associated Press reports
" WASHINGTON The judge in
the Iran-Contra case appealed Mon
day for President Reagan to decide
once and for all whether to let Oliver
North stand trial and thereby risk the
disclosure of national security secrets.
'U.S. District Judge Gerhard Gesell
warned that if the former White
House aide went to trial, probably
in late January, the court would have
"Very little control" over the testim
ony of many witnesses "acquainted
wjth high-security matters."
'tThe judge invited a final admin
istration decision on the problem,
noting the dangers posed by public
questioning 'of' current and former
government officials who will be
called to testify as prosecution"
.witnesses.
Gesell was not suggesting, as some
of North's supporters have done, that
the president consider pardoning
North before he even goes to trial.
Rather, the judge was referring to the
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resulted in the loss of 267,000 jobs,
while businesses that left the state
or reduced their number of
employees contributed to a loss of
99,000 jobs.
The study was performed using
"identifier files" to trace individual
companies between Dec. 31, 1983,
and Dec. 31, 1987. Companies
were classified according to their
employment size, type of owner
ship and number of years in
existence.
The large number of new small
businesses led to the high number
of jobs created, the authors said.
Jobs in business services were
tops in hiring, Kasarda said,
followed by eating and drinking
establishments. "The economy is
changing increasingly to a service
economy," he said.
Education and information
processing systems like compu
ters, roads and airlines are impor
tant for future job development,
he said.
"I think the most important
aspect will be the labor force," said
Birch, who is also the director of
the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology Program on Corpo
rate Change and Job Creation. He
emphasized the need for a highly
educated work force.
"The majority of the growth
took place in the central Piedmont
area. That was the growth engine
of the state," Kasarda said. That
area includes Charlotte, Greens
boro, High Point, Winston
Salem, Raleigh and Durham,
where major universities, airports
and interstates are located.
president's discretion as the nation's
chief law enforcement officer, either
to directly order that the case be
dropped or to invoke secrecy laws to
prevent disclosure of classified infor
mation, which could have the same
effect.
Reagan, at a ground-breaking
ceremony for his presidential library
at Simi Valley, Calif., meanwhile, was
asked if he had made a decision on
whether to pardon North.
The president replied, "No, and I
don't think it's time for that while
it's in the courts."
The testimony of some prospective
witnesses, including former National
Security Adviser Robert McFarlane, -presents
a"difficult situation fori
those who may have foreign policy
or national security concerns," Gesell
said.
These current and former officials
would be subject to intense cross
examination, and North's defense
attorneys would have wide latitude
V
Center asks council foir special
By KATHRYNE TOVO
Staff Writer
The owners of Bolin Creek Center
presented a request Monday night to
have their special use permit revised
to allow for changes that have
occurred with the project since the
permit was originally approved.
The Chapel Hill Town Council
heard the modification application
Monday as part of a series of public
hearings. The original special use
permit for Bolin Creek Center was
approved in 1983.
The existing permit includes the
property at the intersection of Airport
Road and Hillsborough Street, on the
east and west side of Airport Road.
The owners of the property are
Alan Kronhaus, Mary Alice Dan
ziger and First Home Federal Savings
and Loan of Greensboro.
The owners have applied to have
the existing special use permit divided
into four separate permits in accord
ance with existing property lines.
Although the four properties are
now owned by three different owners,
G roup voices opposition to tear
By DENISE JOYCE
Staff Writer
Tear gas and other means of crowd
control are overused and dangerous,
according to the Physicians for
Human Rights (PHR).
Jonathan Fine, executive director
of the Boston-based PHR, said tear
gas and other so-called non-lethal
weapons are used when they are not
needed, especially overseas.
Fine specifically mentioned
Panama, South Korea and Israel as
the most abusive countries.
"Frequently, violent methods are
used against peaceful demonstra
tions, non-violent resistance or even
to question them about their
"involvement in sensitive events other
than events relevant under the indict
ment," the judge said.
"The Constitution does not permit
the court to take this testimony in
secret, as did the Congress. It must
be public," Gesell said at the conclu
sion of a two-hour hearing on North's
motions to dismiss the central con
spiracy charges against him.
"The flow of testimony cannot be
constantly interrupted by classifica
tion experts sitting in the audience,"
Gesell said, adding he wouldn't rule
on such problems before a witness
takes the stand.
"Accordingly if ftvanalysis this
imminent prosrdgiVes:grbund for
presidential action- 6 protect, any
perceived threat to the foreign policy
obligations which the president has
or the intelligence needs of the
country, the Constitution and the
statutes provide various courses of
action he may take," the judge said.
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they are all included under a single
special use permit that was granted
in 1983 and subsequently modified in
1984 and 1985.
"The separation of the special use
permit will represent the separation
of ownership that has evolved
through the years," Kronhaus said. .
The existing permit approved
construction of 20 condominiums, a
2,500 square foot bank building and
parking area, and the Kron Medical
Building on three sites located on west
side of Airport Road. On the east side
of the road, the permit approved two
office buildings.
The proposed condominiums and
bank building have not been built yet
on the property on the west side, but
the medical building on the west side
and both buildings on the east side
of the road are complete.
For the property on the west side,
the applicants are requesting reappro
val of the three projects, but zoning
regulations have changed in the time
since the original special use permit
was granted.
innocents suspected when there is no
threat," he said.
Tear gas is poisonous and poten
tially lethal, Fine said, and is partic
ularly harmful to pregnant women
and people with lung disorders.
"It's a most indiscriminate wea
pon," he said. "Depending on which
way the wind blows, it can drift into
innocent communities and urban
areas."
The long-term effects of tear gas
are unknown, but the repressive
regimes that usually use the weapons
had little concern for consequences,
he added.
But Dr. Arthur Bailey, chief med
"The court has a very limited role,"
Gesell said. "Under the Constitution,
it is the president, not North or any
witness, to protect the prerogatives
of the president's office if he deems
them unduly threatened."
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If the council approves the owners'
new applications, the Kron building
will exceed the town's current setback
requirements by 5 feet. Setback refers
to the number of feet required
between the property line and the
building.
Also, the floor area of the building
will be greater than the area permitted
by the town's new regulations.
Under the conditions of the div
ision of the permits, parking at the
Kron building will be partially on the
property where the proposed bank
building will be built.
The condominiums as originally
approved in 1983 would also now
exceed the permitted density specified
by the town.
The proposed size of the bank
building, though, will be of less
density than, the town's current
regulations. Dana Staats, represent
ing the applicants, said the owner can
potentially build a building of greater
size, but that issue is something that
should be evaluated in the future.
First Home Federal Savings and
ical toxicologic of the UNC Medical
Department, said while tear gas could
be dangerous to asthmatics or people
with heart conditions, the gas is not
that harmful overall.
Tear gas is essentially an irritant
1 that may induce vomiting or irritate
the eyes, throat or skin, forcing the
victims to run away, he said.
Bailey said he was hesitant to
classify tear gas as a poison. "What
is poison depends upon the amount.
Nicotine is as much a poison as
cyanide."
There are other problems with tear
gas and crowd control, Fine said.
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Loan, the owner of the site located
along the east side of Airport Road,
has applied for a change in the
conditions of their original approval
in addition to the request for a
separate special use permit.
There are now two office buildings
on the site, and the owner has
proposed to demolish the Old Ranch
House Restaurant building and
extend the parking area.
Staats said the existing special use
permit conflicts with the town's new.
regulations and would be in violation
if the applicants were starting from,
scratch.
"However, we are not asking for
anything more than what was already
granted with the original special use
permit," Staats said.
The council referred the applica
tion back to the planning staff and
applicants to address the concerns
raised by the board.
The planning board has already
voted to recommend approval of the
permit modifications at its Nov. 15
meeting.
use
tear gas shrapnel, spinal and head
injuries from plastic or rubber bullets
and broken bones from clubs are
some of the most common effects.
Policemen learned to reduce crowd
control after the demonstrations in
the 1960s and 1970s, so the United
States has fewer problems now than
other countries do, he said.
Fine said he had no complete
solution to the problem, but he did
propose a starting point.
"The place to begin is for those who
maintain order to sit down with the
medical community and have a
dialogue about the effects of these
weapons on human beings.
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