4The Daily Tar HeelMonday, September 30, 1991
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Bush announces cuts
in U.S. nuclear arsenal
WASHINGTON, D.C. President
Bush wants the Soviets to join in scal
ing back the world's most powerful
nuclear missiles as he commits the
United States toeliminating most short
range missiles.
In an announcement detailing some
of the nuclear history 's biggest changes.
Bush pledged Friday to "take steps to
make the world a less dangerous place
than ever before in the nuclear age."
Bush said in a nationwide television
address that he will eliminate ground
launched short-range nuclear weapons
most of them stored in Europe as
well as those carried on ships and sub
marines, including the Pentagon's 350
400 Tomahawk cruise missiles. But the
United States will keep those carried
aboard aircraft.
! He further offered to open negotia
', tions with the Soviet Union to eliminate
tall long-range ballistic missiles with
multiple warheads, an area in which the
Soviet Union has a large advantage.
Russian President Boris Yeltsin
j joined other leaders in praise for Bush's
j proposal to sharply reduce superpower
nuclear arsenals.
I Legendary jazz player
j Miles Davis dies at 65
i
; SANTA MONICA, Calif. Miles
j Davis, one of America's finest jazz trum
j peters and the most consistent trendsetter
in jazz history, died Saturday at the age
of 65.
i Davis died of pneumonia, respira
'tory failure and stroke, according to a
,'ptatement read by Pat Kirk of St. John's
Hospital and Health Center, where Davis
was admitted earlier this month.
Davis was the most famous trum-
peter in his generation in the line of
J jazz trumpeters that stretched from Louis
; Armstrongto Dizzy Gillespie to Wynton
Marsalis.
He was the innovator of more dis-
tinct styles than any other ja.z musi
jcian. He pioneered in cool jazz, hard
j bop, modal playing, free-form explora-
tions and use or electronics.
"You can really say he turned the
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Iraq releases U.N.
nuclear inspectors
UNITED NATIONS Free from
Ave days of detention in a Baghdad
parking lot, U.N. weapons inspectors
met today with Iraqi officials to catalog
secret documents detailing Saddam
Hussein's nuclear weapons program.
The U.N. inspection team and Iraqi
officials were working to compile an
inventory of the documents.
'They're going to just keep going
and going and going until it's all done,"
said Jeremy Mansfield of the 44-mem-ber
inspection team.
At the U.N. Headquarters, the head
of the U.N. Special Commission in
charge of dismantling Iraq's weapons
of mass destruction said Iraq may still
be trying to continue its research on
nuclear weapons.
U.N. officials say the uncovered
documents contain records of an exten
sive clandestine project to build nuclear
weapons.
The inspection team release eased
tensions between Iraq and the U.S.-led
allies that had been raised to their high
est level since the Persian Gulf War.
To pressure Iraq to honor provisions
in the Gulf War cease-fire agreement.
President Bush dispatched two Patriot
missile battalions to Saudi Arabia and
reportedly planned to send more.
400,000 people attend
Soviet rock concert
MOSCOW About 400,000 people
jammed an airfield Saturday to see AC
DC, the Black Crowes and Metallica
play at the Soviet Union's biggest West
ern rock concert, touted as a gift to
Russian youth fortheir resistance to last
month's coup.
Scattered skirmishes occurred be
tween bottle-throwing drunken youths
and a huge concert security force of
about 12,000 police, soldiers and secu
rity forces, but only minor injuries were
reported.
The Associated Press
1992 BSN
STUDENTS.
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Sat. 9-3 Sun. 1-4:30 !
Thomas vote deadlocked in committee
Republicans, Democrats predict full Senate confirmation for appellate judge
By Anna Griffin
Staff Writer
Clarence Thomas has lost the battle
but seems destined to win the war in his
attempt to replace Justice Thurgood
Marshall on (he U.S. Supreme Court.
The Senate Judiciary Committee
deadlocked Friday in a 7-7 vote con
cerning the recommendation of Tho
mas to the nation's highest court. The
Thomas nomination will be sent to the
Senate floor where the full Senate is
expected to confirm the nomination.
The tie vote could have killed the
chances of Thomas, a 43-year-old U.S.
appellate judge bidding to replace
Marshall as the only black member of
the Supreme Court. But following the
confirmation vote Friday, committee
chairman Sen. Joseph Biden, D-Del.,
led a 13-1 vote to send the nomination
to the Senate floor with no recommen
dation. Although the comm ittee failed to take
a definitive stance. Republicans and
Democrats both areconfident the nomi-
Partisan politics justified in judicial
By Jason Richardson
Staff Writer
Although the latest round of Supreme
Court confirmation hearings has been
characterized by political propaganda,
legal experts defend the part politics
plays in the confirmation process.
The controversy centers around Judge
Clarence Thomas, President Bush'ssed
ond nominee for the nation's highest
court.
"Deciding membership on the Su
preme Court has and always will be an
inherently political process," said
Patrick Bruer, a UNC assistant profes
sor of political science.
Thomas has been described by the
American Bar Association as "quali
fied" rather than "well-qualified" to be
a Supreme Court justice. His nomina
tion raises the question of what should
serve as basic minimum qualifications.
"For the first time it is a question of
whether (the nominee) is merely com
petent to be confirmed, as opposed to
whether this person has achieved the
excellence to deserve the nomination,"
said Burnele Powell, professor and as
sociate dean of academic affairs at the
UNC School of Law.
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Clarence Thomas
nation will be confirmed by the full
Senate.
"It looks as if the nomination will be
Over the years, Thomas has been
openly hostile to the legislative branch,
Powell said. Two weeks ago, tables
were turned, and senators were given
opportunities to scrutinize the nominee.
"The Senate has an opportunity to
commit executive nominees to particu
lar positions on the issues," said Terry
Sullivan, a UNC associate professor of
political science.
Over the entire nomination process
hangs the shadow of the Robert Bork
and David Souter confirmation hear
ings. In short, Bork told his views and
was rejected. Souter dodged the issues
and was confirmed. It becomes easy to
see why Thomas chose to answer or not
to answer as he did, Sullivan said.
On one side of the confirmation de
bate sit Democrats, determined to stop
Thomas from making the high court
even more conservative. Opposite them
sit Republicans, equally determined to
protect their party's nominee from at
tack. The ideological questions senators
direct at a judicial nominee are reason
able, considering the political nature of
the process, Sullivan said.
"I don't think it's hypocrisy, it's just
down-in-the-trenches politics," Sullivan
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confirmed without much of a fight,"
said Tom McMahon .press secretary for
Sen. Howell Heflin, D-Ala.
The fierce debate of the past few
weeks had little to do with Thomas and
more to do with partisan politics,
McMahon said.
"The confirmation hearings were
rough for Thomas, but there really isn't
that much opposition on either side to
his nomination,"McMahon said. "Many
of the members of the committee used
the hearings to get some important is
sues raised, but those issues couldn't be
used effectively against Thomas."
The Thomas hearings have sparked
renewed debate about abortion, affir
mative action and,Constitutional inter
pretation. These debates have primarily
been fought in the press, rather than in
the confirmation proceedings, said B rad
Bodenhausen, deputy press secretary
for Sen. John Danforth, R-Mo., Tho
mas' longtime supporteron Capitol Hill.
"Senators on both sides are guilty of
using the hearings as debating ground,"
Bodenhausen said.
confirmation process, legal experts say
said. "They've got to use everything
they can to win. It's inevitable that the
nomination process is political because
the nomination process is about poli
tics." Former President Ronald Reagan
nominated three justices to the Supreme
Court. A successful Thomas will repre
sent Bush's second appointment,
thereby leaving a definitive Republican
mark on the nation's highest court.
"When we elect presidents we indi
rectly elect the Supreme Court," said
Stephen Gillers, a law professor at New
York University.
Powell stressed the importance of
finding out about a nominee's beliefs
before he actually sits on the court.
Thecourage todemand answers from
an evasive nominee has been absent
from the Thomas hearings, Powell said.
Thomas' race, combined with his "by-the-bootstraps"
rise from poverty, has
made Democrats wary of criticism.
Throughout the confirmation hear
ings, Thomas made reference to his
background and upbringing in rural
Georgia. He repeatedly answered
Democrats' questions about his views
with stories from his childhood in ab
ject poverty and from his incredible rise
to prominence from such humble be
ginnings. The Democrats realize that as con
servative as Clarence Thomas is, the
next nominee could be worse politi
cally, Powell said.
For more than 100 years, the Senate
did not exercise the Constitutional power
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Friday's vote was decidedly partisan
with seven of the committee's eight
Democratic members going against the
confirmation and all six Republicans
voting for Thomas. Dennis DeConcitti,
D-Ariz was the only senator to break
with the party line.
The sealing of Thomas' fate actually
occurred Thursday afternoon whdn
Heflin declared his opposition to the
nomination. r,
Heflin'svote helped convince Biden
that voter reaction to a rejection of the
black judge would be minimal, con
vincing the chairman and several other
Democratic senators to block the con
firmation, McMahon said. ''
Heflin attributed his decision to the
nominee's testimony during the first
week of the hearings.
"I stated at the onset of the hearings
that Judge Thomas' own testimony
could remove, clarify, decrease or in
crease any doubts . . . about his nomina
tion," Heflin said Thursday. "Most of
these doubts still remain."
"to advise and to consent" presidents in
the selection of nominees.
"We have a different society today,
and it is necessary that our institutions
evolve," Powell said.
Many critics of the process ha'ye
pointed to the intentions of the
Constitution's founders, whoapparently
fashioned the Supreme Court as an apo
litical body to balance the legislative
and executive branches. '
"There has never been an attempt to
maintain a partisan balance on the court,"
Bruer said. "The first Supreme Coifn
was entirely Federalist, corresponding
to the founding government."
Although the process is flawed, the
confirmation hearings serve a defini
tive need, Powell said. Intense ques
tioning is good for the Senate and good
for the country, he said.
'The Senate should ask sharp arjd
tough questions of people whoare abofit
to have conferred on them a lifetime
tenure in one of the coequal branches $f
government," Powell said. j
The presence of television trans
formed the nature of confirmation heat
ings, bringing the whole process horrje
to most Americans in full color evecy
night on the evening news, Gillers sauj.
"It's given us Supreme Court group
ies something to stare at all day," he
said. "It's like our version of baseball;"
The television coverage of the hear
ings has had some adverse effects. "Ifs
encouraged a certain amount qf postur
ing on the part-bf the committee and.tJ)e
nominee," Gillers said.
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