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Page Two The Chapel Hill Weekly Qmpsi mm. Smik Carolina tm K. T T«M» *-1271 or S4SI rnbfchod gvnry Friday T»- omw. Conminctxno Editor Job f— Managmo Editor OmmMM fniimi i General Manager gT» rr -’ rr ? ==^r^ !a ’«** -* **• pgaßc at Ctald U, Ncrti Cvita. wm4m tfc. act «* ■w* l, OT SUBSCRIPTION RATES fa Orange County. Tear **-*• <f ■«■»>« |tit, 3 worth*. I1J0) Outside of Orange County by the Tear: States of N. C, Va_ anc £. C. 2-*® nekay States and Dtst of Colombia 4.96 Canada, H«*« Sooth America 0-0® Kmroae - - 6-*> ADVERTISING RATES Matronal, for agencies, Me eoL mch. . . . Local, occasional. 86c: regular, 60c. . . . Classified, pay able it advance, minimum. 50c for 12 words, every additional word, 3c . . Legal and tabular. 1 cm TOt per inch: 2 times, 65c; 3 or more times, 60c. •'Readers." separate from reading matter and clearly marked ================== Changes That Have Followed the Great Revolutionary Change. Atonic Power ‘“Wherever there is talk of foreign policy nowadays the air is electric with a sense of change.*’ This is an introductory key line in the most discerning and most enlightening commentary or. the country’s military and diplomatic problems that 1 have read in a king time. The writer is Richard H. Rovere, Washington correspondent of the New Yorker magazine. We all know of atomic power as the great revolutionary change of recent years, but probably most of us have not given much thought to important changes that have followed, not only in technology but in concepts of the nature of power as a factor in international relations. “Under the impact of our dizzying technological advance,’’ Rovere says, “the validity not only of military and political strategies but of basic ideas is often almost as short-lived at the design of a fighter plane. Concepts that once seemed as if they might endure at least through our epoch are ready for the mothballs a few years after they have been grasped and disseminated.’’ A startling example of this has been the discarding of the belief in what was called the “industrial potential”—that is, the belief that it was not what a nation had on hand that counted but what it could produce in the course of a conflict. In Rovere's words: “By the time the war ended the idea had taken hold everywhere that the chief element in the political power of any given nation was the readiness with which it could lay its hands on raw materials and transform them into militarily useful ob jects. Diplomatic and political discourse became very largely essays on the meas urement of factory floor space, machine tool production, kilowatts generated, and the available supplies of coal, oil, and steel. These were, in the long run, the decisive factors, it was felt, and no policy that put them in a subordinate position was worthy of consideration. ’The whole Europe-first idea that has been fundamental to our strategy in the conflict with Communism has rested on the industrial-potential theory; the prin ciple has been that while democracy could survive the conquest of vast, hugely pop ulous parts of Asia, it could not survive the absorption of even a fraction of West ern Europe, since the control of this area would tip the world balance of industrial power in favor of the Soviet system. “But the development of thermonuclear weapons has made the industrial-potential theory' obsolete, and, along with it, cer tain of the strategies it seemed to require. One or two hydrogen bombs can take a gigantic bite out of any nation’s capacity to produce; a brisk day’s work by the air force of one nation could start another nation on the road back to the Stone Age, and an extra day or two could finish the job. “ The nostalgic idea that our industrial « power is our greatest military asset could ruin our military planning,’ Thomas K. Finietter, the former Secretary of the Air Force, wrote last fall in ’Power and Policy,’ a critique of American strategy. He said: ‘We must build our military force on the exact opposite of this industrial-potential notion.’ In the view of many people here in Washington, however, Mr. Finletter's ’exact opposite’—in a word, airpower— has been rendered almost obsolete by stalemate as the industrial-potential idea has been by the hydrogen bomb.” Rovere does not accede to the view that airpower has been rendered obsolete by jstalemete. It la essential to stalemate, ■ and stalemate is necessary as a deterrent ; of war. Winston Churchill invented the I phrase, “balance of terror,” for stalemate, j Rovere, quoting Churchill’s statement, “It 1 is to the universality of potential destruc tion that we may look with hope and even confidence,’’ says: “The “balance or terror’ is generally regarded as a fairly promis ing substitute for the balance of power .... Through the balance of terror, it is believed, airpower can prevent defeat and destruction. It cannot be the guiding or organizing principle for any sort of vic tory, but without it neither victory nor even survival would be possible. There is almost universal agreement today that the basic measure of military strength today is the speed with which a nation could, if sufficiently provoked, drop hydrogen bombs on its enemy.” Another change that atomic power may have brought about is the ending of the value of allies. “Our position in a general atomic war with the Soviet union,” says Rovere, “would not be improved by our being able to count on the use of someone eise’s machine tools or rolling mills or skiljed-labor force. In such a war we would be little better off with the whole non-Communist world ranged on our side than with it ranged against us. The last remaining use for allies in the kind of conflict we are armed for is to provide bases for our Strategic Air Com mand. and now we are assured the develop ment of our bombers has very nearly reached the point at which bases outside this hemisphere will be no longer needed; with the coming of pilotless intercontin ental missiles, bearing hydrogen war heads, the need will disappear altogether.” Rovere ends on a cheerful note. Relative ly, that is: cheerful in comparison with J the despairing predictions that were being voiced everywhere a year ago. “In the circumstances, it is hardly sur prising,” he says, “that no one here in Washington seems to have any clear idea of where we are going next. Although the possibility of thermonuclear destruc tion will doubtless be with us more or less permanently, no one feels that it is, just now, a fate to be awaited from moment to moment. Despite the appearance of a flock of new dangers, there is, in away, more relief than apprehension here today. There is ferment and uncertainty but no really deep sense of emergency.”—L. G. A Suggestion to the Planning Committee In Chapel Hill there is no serious trouble about traffic ori the eastern outlet toward Raleigh, the southern outlet toward Pitts boro, the western outlet toward Greens boro, and the northern outlet toward Hillsboro. The trouble is with, first, the local traffic on Franklin and Rosemary streets, and, second, the Franklin street traffic to and from Durham which is lie coming steadily heavier and is now over flowing into Rosemary. The layout of Chapel Hill, with only one street (Franklin) running from end to end, causes a funneling of traffic. On the south is the University campus, with a single narrow thoroughfare (Cameron avenue) that is blocked at the east end by a park and, with its name changed to Boundary street, swings north to pour its traffic into Franklin. On the north is Rosemary, which is a dead-end street at the east and, like Cameron avenue, pours I both local and Durham-bound traffic into Franklin. Beyond Rosemary is North street, which ; has no outlet at the east and is separated into two sections which could be joined together only by the bridging of a deep ravine and the destruction of several homes. Rosemary street is narrow and badly crowded. The proposal to widen it, for the accomodation of the traffic that haa over flowed from Franklin, is probably a good one as far as the central block from Columbia to Henderson is concerned. But widening from that block in either direc tion is probably impracticable because of the closeness of the house* to the street And the eastward extension of Rosemary, to bring it to a junction with the Durham highway, which haa been suggested from time to time, would ruin one of Chapel Hill's most beautiful residential neigh borhoods, one of the few that retain the secluded and tranquil atmosphere of the old village. The building of such a thoroughfare, making way for a day-and night process of roaring, stinking auto mobiles, would be a dreadful calamity. A suggestion I would like to offer to the planning committee recently created by the board of aldermen it that they explore the possibility of building a new street from the Airport road, down the ravine below Cobb terrace, crossing Hills boro street, and running across the valley below Tenney circle to a junction with THE CHAPEL HILL WEEKLY the Durham highway somewhere near the new 4-lane bridge over Bolin creek. Such a street would take care of a large part of the traffic to and from Durham and would thereby relieve the crowding on Franklin and Hillsboro streets. Since it would run through an area that is not developed, the building of it would not necessitate the tearing down of any con siderable number of houses. It is certainly desirable for Chapel Hill to have a new outlet toward Durham and I can’t think of a better place for one.—L. G. Some Merits of Books This is from a recent column of com ment by Charies Poore, book reviewer for the New York Times: “You never have to pay a scalper’s scale to read the best books of the moment; the prices remain unchanged. You do not have to shoulder your way through crowds or wait cravenly for the headwaiter to notice you before you start reading. You do not have to have a repairman in from time to time to replace a book’6 tubes or tinker with its loudspeaker. You do not have to stop in the middle of a good story to hear a sponsor’s melodious malarkey. No petulant neighbors ever ask you to tone a volume’s volume down. The pleas ure is yours!” To this impressive list of the merits of books I would add another, one that ap peals to the pocketbook more. Mr. Poore speaks of the unchanged prices of “the best books of the moment.” There are many people to whom these books, specially if they are history or bi ography or are in some other category in which timeliness is not important, are just as interesting when they are no longer “of the moment” as when they were new. When that time comes, when they are no longer being talked about in the reviews and proclaimed in the adver tising columns, these books can often be bought at greatly reduced prices. Further more, if you don’t mind taking a little extra trouble, and maybe entering your League of Women Voters Gives Results Os Its Survey of Orange County Trade The units of the League of Women Voters in Chapel Hill, Durham, Greensboro, and High Point have bees cooperating ia making a survey of export and import trade in the Sixth Con gressional District. After the re ; ults are tabulated and analyzed the Durham unit will make them available to the public. The Chapel Hill unit, under the direction of Mrs. W. W Cort, devoted its attention to agricul ture in Orange and Alamance counties and to trade in Orange county. At a recent meeting of the unit Mrs. W. Carey Sweet presented many interesting facts on agriculture in this county, which, with 34,436 inhabitants, has the smallest population of any of the four counties in the : Sixth Congressional District. ; Following are some of the facts the Chapel Hill league members 'learned about Orange county: The county's population of {34,436 (in I 960) is 4b per cent greater than it was in 1640, i while the gain for the entire : state in this period was 13.4 per cent, in 1964 there were 10,676 people living on farm tracts in the county. This was 700 less than in 1963. Orange is the second smallest county in the district and has a land area of 249,000 acres, b 0 per cent of which is farmland. Less than one half of the farmland ia utilized for crops and pasture; the balance ia in woods and waste land. In 1963, listed in the order of their dollar valuation, the agri cultural crops of Orange county were: tobacco, hay crops, cort* wheat, oats, soy beans, cotton, sweet potatoes, lespedeza, Irish potatoes, and peanuts. The total valuation of these 11 crops was $4,884,270. Tobacco alone ac counU for 63 per cent of the total valuation. Other agricul tural products of Orangs are animals for food, chickens, egga, honey, beeswax, etc., but no valu ation U available for these. Pour of the county's principal crop# figure in the U. S. export list ss exported in quantity: to bacco, wheat, corn, oaU. Since no figures are available for ex ports from individual states, we do not know bow much of North Carolina’s tobacco is exported. One publication says “in 1949 roughly 30 per cent of the entire tobacco-leaf production was ex ported .... in addition to the tobacco exported ia cigarettes and other tobecco manufactures." In that aama yaar (1949) the value of U. 8. exports of tobacco and manufactures amounted to $281,000,000. In 1963 this figure had rUen to $404,000,000. Another publication says that 39 per cant of the flue-cured tobacco exported goes to the United Kingdom (our name on a waiting list, you can get from a circulating library the best books, among them a good many books that have not yet grown old, without paying anything at all. Or you can rent new books, as at our Bull’s Head shop here in Chapel Hill. As Mr. Poore says, books sell at stand ard prices, but these prices are much higher than they used to be. A person of moderate means cannot afford to buy many new books in these days. I know people who solve the problem of their book-hunger by dividing their patronage; they buy from bookstores as many books as they figure they can afford and get at free libraries, or rent, other books they are eager to read. The thought that occurred to me, after reading the content quoted at the begin ning of this piece, was: Why are so many people, not illiterate people but people in the class called educated, willing to endure the inconveniences and discomforts, the discourtesies and the insults to the intelli gence, inseparable from addiction to the pastimes mentioned by Mr. Poore, when so much of entertainment and stimulation, such never-ending fun, are to be had by the reaching out of a hand in the peace and comfort of the home?—L.G. Postscript The upheaval in Moscow gives point to the main theme in the leading editorial above—that “the air is electric with a sense of change.” The writer whom I have quoted, Richard H. Rovere, after telling of the changes that have come about since the discovery of atomic power, finds “stalemate” an encouraging condition and concludes that now “there is no really deep sense of emergency.” The spectacu lar overturn in the Soviet government and Molotov’s violent tirade against the United States confirm what Mr. Rovere says about the rapid changes in these days—and vitiate his conclusion. All at once “the deep sense of emergency,” the absence of which he observes with satis faction, is here again.—L. G. best customer!. Fifty-one per, cent of farm income in North Carolina comes from tobacco alone. This state leads the na tion in the value of its tobacco manufacturing. In fact, more to bacco products are made in North ( ar./lina than in all other states combined. In 1960, of the 26 leading counties in the U. S. in the number of acres of tobacco harvested, 19 of the.-.e were ir. North ( arolina. None of these 19 were in the .Sixth District. An organization in North Carolina called “Tobacco Asso ciates” employs a full-time repre sentative abroad to promote the sale of tobacco products which points up the State’s interest in export trade. A recent article in the Durham Herald j-aid that "to bacco means 800 million dollars to North Carolina per year.” i'aul Gross of Duke University 'also said recently that the ..State’s ! appropriation for tobacco re search is $260,000 annually. At present there are no im ports that affect adversly the production of agricultural com modities in Orange county. How ever, the county agent said this might be the case in the future with reguid to dairy prinlucts. Sodium nitrate, used in the pro duction of cotton and corn, and usually imported from Chili, is now being produced within the United States. Turkish tobacco is imported into North Carolina, and according to the latest figures (1953) total imports amounted to slightly more than one-fifth of the value of U. S. tobacco exports for that year. Farm community leaders in both Orange and Alamance coun ties were interviewed on foreign trade issues. In general they wore in favor of keeping tariffs as low as possible to allow a large amount of imports; of giv ing government protection to in dustries vital to national de fense ; of encouraging the eale of ■orplue U. S. products abroad by keeping the tariff low enough to allow foreign nations to earn dollars through exports to the U. 8.; and of the establishment by the government of a stockpile of all raw materials needed for defense. They were slao in fevor, with limitations end adequate controls, of some governmental aid to depressed or threatened industries, in the way of iponey for rasearch or subsidies, such money to be taken out of tariff receipts. This was better then raising tariffs, applying quotas, or extending the period of un employment compensation to workers in industries curtailed by import competition. Mrs. Kashi Fein presented a brief report on the survey of manufactured commodities in Orange county. The North Cardins Almanac and State Guide lists 25 manufacturing' firms in Orange county. Their products range from candy to 1 textiles and furniture. Some of these factories depend on foreign trade for their existence. The furniture factory imports all of its mahogany woods and vpi#br4 from Africa, South America, and the Philippines. The woolen mill imports from Australia a large portion of the raw wool it uses. (Jne cotton textile factory in Orange county exports much of its | induct to the Philippine?. These fabrics compete both at home and abroad with similar go'xjs manufactured in Japan. I he woolen mill also meets com petition from abroad in the .-.ale of it- product. In the town of Hillsboro a com plete cycle of foreign trade is completed. The furniture com pany pays American dollars to tin- Philippine? in return for mahogany. With these American dollar? the Philippines buy cloth from a textile factory iri Hills boro. This is a vivid example of how important foreign trade is to us in (frange county. The three factories which were included iri the survey employ approximately 800 people in the county. Many more people are affected indirectly. Stoudemire-Hawkins Mr. and Mrs. Sterling Aubrey Stoudemire announce the engage ment of Mr. Stoudemire'* daugh ter, Miss Marian Slate Stoude mire, to James Alexander Hawkins, son of Mrs. James Alexander Hawkins of Spring field, Mass., and the late Dr. Hawkins. Miss Stoudemire is the daughter also of the late Irene Slate Stoudemire. A June wed ding is planned. Miss Stoudemire’* father is professor of Spanish and chair man of the Romance languages department at the University. Mr. Hawkins, the brother of Dr. David R. Hawkins of the Uni versity’s Medical School, is asso ciated with the Eastman Kodak Company. He wsa graduated cum lauds from Amherst College. Miss Stoudomira ia an alumna of the Woman’s College in Greensboro and a graduate of the Univers ity here. The couple will live in West Virginia. Roberta-Hoiaigaard Mr. and Mrs. Dudley D. Carroll announce the marriage of their daughter, Eleanor Holmgaard, to H. Wallace Roberts of Memphis, Tenn., at their home on the Country Club road on Thursday, January 27. The Rev. Charles 8. Hubbard officiated. Hillel Woman to Moot The Hillel Women’s Club will meet at 8 p m. Wednesday, Feb ruary IS, at the Hillel House. Mrs. Daniel A. Qkun will show slides of her recent trip to Israel. On the Town By Chock Hauser WHEN I GOT TO RALEIGH for my first day of work covering the Legislature with the AP, I was told I would be assigned to the Senate. That seemed like a pretty good idea, since the Senate is a much calmer place than the House, and would be a little easier to handle for someone who was getting started a month late on the year’s legis lative doings. But I regretted that I wouldn’t get to see the two House Chapel Hillians in action—Representative John Umstead and Reading Clerk Billy Arthur. With this in mind, I walked into the Senate chamber Monday night and went to work. The Senate polished up its business early, and I turned my news over to the rewrite man in the AP capitol bureau, and decided to go take a look at the House. I walked in at the peak of an argument over whether a newspaper column from the Charlotte Observer could be printed in the House Journal at the request member. Since the column praised the action of ffle Legislature in providing for secret committee sessions, there was some protest against printing it in the Journal. The speaker clearly stated that the vote to be taken on the matter would be a simple indication of whether the column would be put in the Journal, not whether the House approved or disapproved of the statements made | by the writer. But several legislators seemed to feel that a yes vote would put them on record as condoning the secrecy actions. Mr. Umstead’s voice, booming from the back of the chamber, helped to clear the air. “This is much ado about nothing,” he said. “I’m strongly opposed to secrecy, but 1 will vote yes because I believe any member of this house has the right to place anything he wishes in the Journal.” Following the Chapel Hillian’s remarks, two legislators asked that their votes be changed from no to yes. PAUL DOUGLAS, the actor who made those uncom plimentary references to the South in general and to Greensboro in particular, was hissed when he appeared on the screen of the Carolina Theatre Sunday afternoon in "Green Fire.” I wonder if the exhibitors in Greensboro will dare to show the film. THERE ARE AT LEAST two bits of obvibus non sense in the secrecy rules recently passed by the houses of the General Assembly in Raleigh: (1) The Senate’s pompous statement that its commit tees have an “inherent right” to hold secret sessions war rants close inspection. In this country, we have many rights, but we are not permitted to exercise those which infringe on the rights of others. The Senate, in proclaim ing the “inherent right” of committee to meet in secret, is infringing on the inherent right of the people of the estate to know how THEIR business is being conducted in Raleigh. Public business IS the public’s business! (2) The vacuous sop thrown to the public in the form of the requirement that no “final action” may be taken |in secret session is the object of a great deal of ballyhoo ! by legislators who seek to justify secrecy. They say this provision protects the public’s right to know what is going on. It protects no such thing. The public, under this system, knows only what the final vote is on a particular matter; it lacks, the important information: WHY the vote went as it did. Unless the people know what argu ments and facts swayed a committee to vote as it did, they cannot intelligently judge whether the legislators acted wisely or unwisely. Secrecy breeds suspicion and distrust of legislative authority, and that is not good busi ness in any sort of government. W NEVER BEFORE At Such Low Prices AMERICA’S FAVORITE RCA VICTOR TV 1 1 Now at the lowest price 'ZfmßeM !» (f jM R ‘ n history you can own — I wT' U® I net u ’‘ l ord ' n * r * TV—but tfllSB TTI h ‘ K hrre * n RCA Victor UI 11 television! Why do with s . ll* T| I out television or “make ' if 1 f* II 4o” with any TV set when '.J 1 111 .■jtfeTSffsr*' —Tirnl 7° u e «J®y new RCA Victor Television for so little! Always buy RCA for vslue ability. Your top value with peak performance at every pries level. From a new low of . 1199.95 to 9449.95. * *279“ Kg" SCOOT**, jmmauum OPEN FRIDAY EVENINGS TILL NINE 422 W. Franklin St. Phoas 8-451 Friday, February 11, 1955-
The Chapel Hill Weekly (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Feb. 11, 1955, edition 1
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