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Page Two The Chapel Hill Weekly Chapel Hill, North Carolina 1M E. RoNMtrt Telephone 9-1271 or Mil Published Every Tueodsy and Friday By The Chapel Hill Publishin* Company, lne. Lons Grants Confrißutmc Editor Jot Jontcs ....Jdmnaffing Editor Billy Arthtp Associate Editor Orville Campbell General Managtr O. T. Watkins -Adrertirtnc Director Charlton Campbell Mechanical Supt bmnd at Mcend-ctasi matter Bepruary R ISO, at the poctafftee at Chape: Hfli, North Carolina, under the act of March I, t»7B SUBSCRIPTION RATES la Orange County, Year ... 14.00 (6 month* $2.25; S months, $1.50) OtrUtde of Orange County by the Year: State of N. C., Va, and S. C. i-50 Other State* and Diat. of Columbia 6.00 Canada, Mexico, Sooth America 7.00 Europe 7JK) The Advocacy of the Pearsall Plan Hearings on the plan proposed by the North Carolina Advisor? Committee on Education (the Pearsall committee) for legislation in connection with the State's school problems were heid last week at the extra session of the Legislature. What opponents of the plan had to sa> was published at length in Friday’s issue of the Weekly. Here in this issue we publish statements in advocacy of the plan. Following are passages from the Kaieigh News and Ob server's report of the appearance before the Legislature of Colonel W, T. Joyner, vice chairman of the committee and chief legal witness, for its advocates. l>r. Douglas Maggs, Duke University professor of constitutional law. said on Tuesday that the Pearsall plan is wholly unconstitutional. Maggs was a favorite and frequent target for most of yes terday's witnesses. As Joyner pointed out, Maggs’ position as a Duke professor of constitutional law carried consider able weight with laymen who read about the hearings or heard them over radio and TV sets. Two State school teachers—Dr. Charles F Carroll, State superintendent of public instruction, and John A Prit chett, Windsor lawyer and veteran member of the State Board of Educa tion, declared the Pearsall plan offers the best hope for public education. Joyner went to the witness’ lectern as both a Pearsall Committee member and lawyer. He took up immediately the (Mentions previous witnesses had raised." He informed the legislators that the Pearsall Committee had no responsi bility for the several extremists who endorsed its recommendations and that he personally subscribed to very little they said. (Some of the quentiom, presented by Mr. Joyner and his annwerh to them were as fol low k) : Question: Dr. Lake’s contention that the Pearsaii provision for closing pub lic schools by local vote would be in conflict with the State constitutional provision that the county commissioners must maintain at least one school in each school district. Answer: The mat ter can and will be settled by adding two words “or all’’ in the Pearsall bill. And for other alleged conflicts, the Pearsall bills dispose of these with a provision which says: “Notwithstand ing any other provision of this Consti tution.” Question: Dr. Maggs said- the plan is unconstitutional because its provi sions for private schools are purposeful “and involve subterfuge.” Answer: For the record and in case the proceedings of the public hearings are ever brought into court, Joyner and the other mem bers of the Pearsall Committee state flatly there is no effort to evade the Supreme Court decision either by pur poseful arrangement or subterfuge. Joyner expanded his answer by re calling the history of the Pearsall Plan from the original advisory com mittee appointed by the late Governor Umstead. The original study group had three Negro members. All members of the group, Joyner said, signed the re port willingly and all agreed on the findings. The Pearsall Committee worked from the foundations laid by the original group. It began with the finding that the majority of white and Negro citi zens of North Carolina did not wish to integrate and that if given free choice, their decision would result in “separa tion in the schools of not less than 99 per cent.” “J am frank to say that at the begin ning,” he said, “I did not think a con stitutional amendment would be neces sary. I thought the local assignment law (adopted in 1955) would be suffi cient.” He changed his opinion, he said, in attempting to answer questions people asked him. He had to admit in the answers, he said, that (1) there could 'Nbe mixing under the local assignment law; (2) the individual parent, regard less of his objections, would have to send his child to a mixed school or keep him home; (3) this was; not. fair, and (4) no provision was provided for the education of those children whose parents would not agree to integration. So, it developed, he said, that the committee decided provision should be made for the local option and tuition grant plans. The decision was not reach ed until last December, he said, and even then members of the committee doubted the provisions would be widely used. “We not only are recommending leg islation which we do not expect will be widely used, we are adopting legisla tion which we hope will not be widely used. I'm here to say for the record that we were sincere in what we said.” The Committee, he said, did not put forth a jiian to sponsor private schools; it merely sought to provide an equitable provision for the education of all the children of the State. Exactly the same thing applies, he said, to the closing of public schools. The committee took the position, he said, that the closing of a school is such a serious thing that it ought not to be done except by a vote of the local com munity affected. Question: Dr, Maggs declared the whole plan would be found unconstitu tional. Answer: The moment anybody comes out and dismisses a whole plan as unconstitutional, he, Joyner, becomes suspicious. “No top notch lawyer,” Joyner said, “goes that, far.” “Attorney General William Rodman is a top notch lawyer. He says the' plan is constitutional. W. Frank Taylor (Goldsboro lawyer and Firmer House speaker) is a top notch lawyer. He says the plan is constitutional. Mr. Prit chett is a top notch lawyer. He says so. "J join Attorney General Rodman, Mr. Taylor and Mr. Pritchett.” By the time any appeal involving the Pearsaii plan would reach the U. !S. Supreme Court, Joyner said, the court may be different than the court of which Maggs spoke so authoritatively. The failure of the school integration ex periment in Washington, D. C., schools, the outcome of the national elections and changing political winds might re sult, he said, in a change of the court's attitude. Question: Dr. Maggs generally crit icized the Pearsall program. Answer: The criticism as levied by Dr. Maggs is without merit. “1 leave it to you,” Joyner said, “as to whether the seven members of the Pearsall Committee, the Attorney Gen eral and the superintendent of public instruction are guilty of evasion and subterfuge or whether Dr. Douglas Maggs has been guilty of unwarranted statements.” Question: Dr. Maggs contended the State had failed to provide leadership in the segregation struggle. Answer: Dr. Maggs should go to Halifax County and offer to lead the people there to accept integration. Joyner said of the Reverend Mr. Kid der from Chapel Hill: “I deny the ac curacy of his accusations. J character ize them as being improper, inaccurate and intentionally abusive.” Joyner said of the State PTA Con gress : “They came with a conscientious and proper and courteous approach. They say let the people make the deci sion. That is what the Pearsall Plan seeks to do. “The only comment I would make is that they arc doing some w'ishful think ing. They are hoping that things will go on as they are. We don’t think they will. “1 agree with everything they’ve . said except their request that we do nothing now.” And for the Legislature, Joyner of fered a lawyer’s advice: Stick to the Pearsall proposals; “let us take the moderate course.” N. Y. Republican Attacks Snooping Bill (Richmond, Va., Times-Dispatch) The so-called “civil rights” bill is one of the most monstrous pieces of legislation ever introduced in Congress. Even the House member who intro duced it had to ask whether the sec tion which allows the Attorney General to sue persons “about to engage in” certain acts, is not “a form of thought control.” Consider, too, the bitter attack on the bill made by Rep. William E. Miller, Republican, of Lockport, N. Y., who served as an assistant prosecutor in the THE CHAPEL HILL WEEKLY Letter From Moscow (The following article be Chuck Hauler of the Wet-k.y staff was written for us ir. Moscow on July 15.) By Chuck Hauser My trip to Russia, in many ways, confirmed wha; I have read and heard about the coun try. In other ways, however, it has, beer .full of surprises The biggest surprise, i guess, is the fact that ] have ha-: complete freedom to roam where I please, taking notes and shooting pictures. 1 have an intrepreter, plus a car and driver, and they are at my disposal day and night to go where I want to go. rather than to places specially se lected to impress foreigners I came to Russia by boat from Stockholm to Lenin grad, and after a few days there came on to Moscow. I am at the National Hotel, a plush pre-Revolutionary butiu ing across the street (but what a street:) from the Krem..r. My bedroom is the size of a tennis court, and ir.y living room would accommodate a Caro 1i n a-Maryland footbad game, I am sure. In one corner is a granrl piano that I didn't even notiu until the second day. A photographer <Free World Variety) in Russia just isn't worth his ..salt unless he gets arrested at least once for ’.as irig the wrong picture at th* wrong time. In my eapa as an amateur Cartier-Br*-- son, my “wrong time" can day before yesterday. 1 was detained for oniy 10 minute . and on the complaint of a woman who objected t n . taking hei picture because s; < wa- dressed in overall.-' The policeman she called a: parently wasn't fan:.bar w the “New Look’’ in photo graphic regulations lie* a..»e the first question he asked n y interpreter was, "l)- you r,aw. permission ?’’ Finally h, • ceded that, "We.:, may:., is legal,” but he wouldn’t re lease us until he received an okay from one of his officers. The officer finally showed up. and after several minute' of conversation, he told us we could go. But h< <l> :vet>- : a parting word of advice “ my interpreter: "Tel! the American journal. st - hat ’• would be wiser not to have to do with women.” As ren dered by my interpreter, li* sentence didn’t turn out in the best English in the w< > . but the sentiment was pro found. To tell the truth, 1 wasn't worried about being arrested What worried me was th. po sihility that' the Russian wo man would take a swing at rr.e She was as'big as a bull ele phant, and twice as ugly One of my most interesting adventures in Moscow so fai landed me in th. middle of Dynamo Stadium, which just happened to be filled wth 07,000 people at the time. I hadn’t taken my interpreter along with me that evening, which probably accounted fui most of what happened The incident began when 1 tried to arrange for a ticket to the Olympic qualification soccer match between the 1 raeli and Russian nation., teams. The game had been sold out for months, but 1 got in touch with the Israeli coach and received permission to a company his team into the stadium. Well, I rode through the gates on the team bus, fol lowed the players to their dres sing room, and then stuck with them as they headed for the field. I planned, of course, to grab the first convenient place I spotted to sit down. There was no place to grab, and no way to leavo the group as it marched out onto the center of the field. So there i was, in the middle of Dynamo Stadium along with a bunch of Russian and Israeli soccer players, as 67,000 people looked on. The opening cere monies were about to begin, and my only salvation lay in Nuremberg trials after World War 11. Mr. Miller compared the bill to some of Hitler’s edicts—although he had originally favored it. He declared that “this bill does not give one additional right to any Ameri can,” and added that it empowers the Attorney General “to summarily hail somebody into court, temporarily re straining his actions without any re course at all.” He predicted that the land would be filled with “snoopers,” and said he could now see how Hitler got ‘ control of Germany. . All of which greatly mgered Leader “Joe” Martin, who blur'ed out what amounted to an admission hat the pur pose of the bill was political, by saying that the Republican party would suffer if the measure was beaten. Martin the f»c*. that a group of Rus sian ph tographer? was also or. the f’eld shooting pictures, so ! ; :r.ec them. My r.g on the field at all, camera or no camera, was strict > egal. since western ph g-xrhers were personae nor. gratae. Even the sports w;th the teams had beer. that if they wanted pic:-re- they would have to purchase them from the Rus sian news agencies. But no . ne cha engeu me. and 1 spent the whe-.e evening on the side lines. taking pictures just as if I had been on the rich turf of ker.ar Stadium back home. ■ I attended the Fourth of July reception at the American Embassy, and got to shake hands ar.d talk to the w hole set if current Russian rulers— K-usfccftfv. Bulganin. Malen kov. ar.d Shepilov. I didn’t tane my camera to the party because 1 assumed, incorrectly, that or y the accredited new.' agencie- would be permitted ti tak* pictures. My photo ’ graphs of course, would not have been of any financial va,ue tc me, but they would have beer, nice to show around :r. Chapel Hill. I-as: r.:ght was the Bastille Pay ce.eDrat.on at the French Embassy, ana 1 took my carri es a.ong to mak, sure. No p tare-taking was allowed. I -■ • f. hands with Krushchev and R...gar.:n again, but you ur ■ • ~r.g a handshake r. the w a At ' r.e American Embassy, I had my longest conversation w ••• tr.e Ola Bolshev .k him -• f— M lotov. He wa- quite fruti-ty ana seemed very p.eas" w !.er. 1 told him that l •<,: a-er much .mpressed by the famed Moscow subway sy-t,- Then he a>ked me wrat (Cry occupation was.. I Wa--%jy :r.h.rg very fast, be - a ..>• . aum itted ] was a journ a -t. and he immediately be - gar rvers.r.g with s >meone * . -* Jar i*e« : e the tenor from the Met wnose son Larry at ter.deu th. University a few years ago. wa- at the reception. 1 g : ml' a three way ron v* r .»•. ■ w .tr him ;?)..! Krush c rev, and heard Krushchev rn; . mem i,m on the fine per - ' rnance h« gave in Kiev. “UR, w,re -u there ' asked Mr I’eerce. "No.” answered Krushchev w - h a broad smile, “but .1 have ■ vr.tacts in Kiev- One of the in >st impressive s ght- a foreigner o,j a Rus sian. f- r that matter) can s>* »■ in V -i'-v, is the Lenin-Staiin mans' e- rn .n Reel Square. The building*, constructed of red granite, is beautiful in its simplicity ] counted 26 Red Army .- dier.- either at the doors or inside the tomb, ail watch:!.g* to see that no cam eras Were exposed for Use. There are no signs forbidding photography, and no* one tells you not to take pictures, but you know instinctively that at the first g .nt of a lens you wo- *1 get tossed out into Red Squar, or. your ear. After v u enter the front door > f the tomb, you wind down seven,, short flights of stairs an*: through a corridor. Before you reach the main chambe r .tse .f y--u can see the reflection of Stalin's face, illuminated by red spotlights, shining* eerily in the polished black marble of the far wall. Rerun looks a little- leathery, but Stalin could t« sleeping, from his appearance They are stretcher! out, side by side, 111 large glass cases. 1 know one way the- Russians help preserve the bodies so Weil: they re frigerate them. The inside of that tomb feeis like the deep freeze compartment of the 1956 Kngidaires. The Russiun people are friendly, fe>r the most part, and eager to ask questions about America. I haven't been stingy with my answers. I hope Chapel Hill hasn’t been suffering from too hot a summer. Tell everyone 1 will be back home before too long. shouted: “I want to tell the Republican mem bers of this House that if they follow the Southern Democrats into defeat of this bill, they will regret it every day until the next election!” A more blatant, admission that the GOP is behind this vicious invasion of the rights of the states for purely pol itical reasons would be hard to imagine. Discreetly keep most of your radical opinions to yourself. When with people be a listener a large part of the time. Be considerate in every word and act, and resist the tendency to say clever things. The best evidence of your cul ture is the time and temper of your conversation.—Grenville Kleiser. - - - - Chapel Hill Chaff (Continued from Page 1) and Titian lived to 99. And so on and on—history presents performances, far more than any of us can come anywhere near remembering, that seem m raruious for eith er youth or old age—and for every such performance in history there have been untold numbers not conspicuous enough to be recorded in the books. Through the centuries there has been much specu lating and theorizing about the time of life at which man's powers are at their height, but nobody has ever been able to decide it. Some half a century ago the great medical scientist, William Osier, was chronicled by the newspapers as having said in an address that, as far as original achievement was to be expected, men might as well be chloroformed at forty. And correctly 9o chronicled, but the editorial writers, humor ists, and other commentators, gave his ’statement a much broader meaning than the words justified. He didn't ad vocate wholesale chloroforming, as a large part of the public was led to suppose. He was in favor of men's and women's living |n and enjoying life. But the word “oslenze” came into common use as meaning to dispatch a person because he was of no more use in the world. What Dr Usler said related not to useful and worthy ef fort but only to original achievement. And he was not intending to be absolutely lit eral; he had in mind what happened to a normal set of nerves, tissues, and brain ceils when the owner there - f reached th« age < f around forty. Os course he knew there were exceptions. Eisenhower, if he is reelect ed and serves out his second term, will have served to an older ag, *hnn any President thus far, 71. The three young est at the time of taking office were Theodore Roosevelt, 42; U S. Orant, 46, and Grover Cleveland. 47; the three oldest were W liiam Henry Harrison, 08; Jame- Buchanan, 65; and Zii'hary Taylor, 64 (Harrison died a month aftei his inaug uration.) Thomas Jefferson became President at 57, Ab raham Lincoln at 52, and Woodrow Wilson at 56. Here is the record of the ages at winch the past Presi dents of the University of North Carolina took office: 1804 Joseph Caldwell, ,'ll. He resigned in 1812, remained in the faculty during the next ad ministration, was re elected President in 1816, and served till his death in 1H:15. He had come to th*- University in 1796, the year after it opened. 1S12: Robert 11. Chapman, 42 He served 4 years. 1835: David L. Swain, 114 He served 32 years. 1876: Kemp P. Battle, 45 The University was closed (lut ing Reconstruction, 1868 to 1875. Mr Battle, a lawyer in Raleigh, was elected chairman of the faculty in 1875 and President in 1876. He ,-i-rved 15 years. 1891: George T. Winston. 39. 1896: Edwin A. Alderman/ 35. 1899: Francis P. Venable, 44. 1914: Edward K. Graham, 38. 1919. Harry W. Chase, ,36. 1931: Frank P. Graham, 45 1950: Gordon Gray, 41, These were in the faculty before becoming President: Caldwell, Chapman, Winston, Alderman, Venable, FT K. Graham, Chase, and F'rank P. Graham. Swain was Governor of North Carolina. Gray was a lawyer and a newspaper proprietor and was in Gov ernment office between his graduation from the Universi ty and his election to the Presidency, / Like Chapel Hill i:i2u:ur I’m disappointed. For years I've thought Orville Campbell made his own paths to travel on, moved about in his own right, and traveled under his own name. Imagine my disappointment last week when 1 overheard a man presenting him to others as Crowell Little. Os course, Orville did the Emily Post thing and did not embarrass the man by correcting him. Too, he seem ed to enjoy it. * * * * I got a plan to solve all of Chuck George Hogan’s, and Vernon Crook’s worries about football tickets. You know how everybody wants to sit i on the 50-yard line and no one wants to sit in the end zone. My plan is a revolving stadium, one that will slow ly turn,.,ail the way around at least two or three or more times during a game. An alternate plan is playing the game on a lazy Susan gridiron. Let the field turn be fore the fans. That way, everybody will have a 50-yard line seat and will get to see the game from all angles. Os course, some folks accustomed to nothing but the 50-yard line might complain a bit, but they could be told, “Look, this way you get to sit both on the North and South sides. And you get some sun and some shade, too. * * * * Mrs. Carl Pegg tells of the ad on the bulletin board at the campus Y. reading: “Wanted ride some place. Want to get away from here. Will pay all expenses.” HOME OF OlolCK CHARCOAL BROILED HICKORY SMOKED STEAKS—FLAMING SHISKEBAB—BUFFET EVERY SUNDj# —■ —— —— ———— How to teach ft your child to save regularly* School yoart arc probably the most important years in your child’s life. Besides learning the ABC’s of education, he is forming habits that will deter mine the ki;,d of adult he will grow up to be. Is your child learning the important lesson oj thrift and the values of a regular savings program? Hundreds of thousands of young Americans are learning the responsibilities of good citizenship . , . how to save regularly ... even helping to finance their own future college educations ... through the Treasury’s School Savings Program. By the regular purchase of Savings Stamps in their achools, children are investing in U. S. Savings Bonds on the installment plan. Each student lias his own album for United States Savings Stamps in lot and 85* denominations. By budgeting his allowance or earning extra spending money, each child buys his own Savings Stamps. Then when he has filled his itamp album, he exchanges it for a U. S. Savings Bond, Series E, maturity value, I2s—one of the safest, best paying investments any of us can make. I« your child's school participating in this im portant savings program? Why not speak to your principal, school superintendent or P.T.A. group about it today? You can obtain complete informa tion on the School Savings Program from your state Savings Bond office, or the Education Section, U. S Savings Bonds Division, Washington 25, D. C. Encourage your child to buy Savings Stamps regularly. Start the U. S. School Savings Program in your town today! Everyone will be glad you did. “ *U. S. Savings Stamps f|||' point the way you want your child to grow! Tuesday, July 31, 1956
The Chapel Hill Weekly (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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July 31, 1956, edition 1
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