Page 2-B
The Prejudice Factor In Business
This is the last in a series of five articles on
a book entitled “Managing Personnel,” by Uni
versity Professor of Business Administration
Richard P. Calhooh.
By NANCY VON LAZAR
Does prejudice operate in the smooth runnihg
of personnel in business? It does, according to a
new book by a University professor of business
administration, and he tells how it operates and
who the “victims” are.
“Oldsters,” women, ethnic groups, the handi
capped, ex-criminals, those who have been men
tally ill, alcoholics, and those with some moral
stigma are targets of prejudice, according to Prof.
Calhoon, author of “Managing Personnel,” a book
just published by Harper & Row.
Management has tended to view prejudice as
a part of the social environment to which man
agement should generally conform," says Prof.
Calhoon. “Management has sanctioned and taken
part in discrimination where it senses that strong
prejudice so demands.” Prof. Calhoon says that
top management sometimes “has been part and
parcel of such feelings of prejudice.”
Since about 1950 management has experienced
an awakening social conscience “supported by
helpful information on dealing with prejudice.”
However, the “most difficult area of prejudice
concerns ethnic groups, because of strong, last
ing feelings.” Some discrimination, Prof. Cal
hoon points out, is “management-instigated, large
ly on economic grounds.”
OLDSTERS
“Age discrimination is prevalent throughout
the country although found to a greater extent
among large firms than among small,” says Prof.
Calhoon. He points out that indications are that
supervisors oppose and resent older workers more
than any other groftp. “The ‘successful’ super
visor of older workers shows respect for their
needing consideration, evinces interest in their
problems, responds to their need for feeling
wanted. He (the supervisor) must be strong
enough to counteract any tendency of older work
ers to function as they see fit. He must be able
to distinguish between what an older worker
cannot help and his other performance de
ficiencies.”
WOMEN
Males have stereotypes regarding women who
work. “Stereotypes grow out of feelings of su
periority on the part of the male, fear because
women are a threat (competitors) at work, and
the patriarchal view that man has the dominant
role in earning a livelihood.” Prof. Calhoon says
prejudice against the working woman is declin
ing but that the world of work is still regarded
as “a man’s world.” He points out that opportun
ities for women are still restricted to a consider
able extent, and inequities in treatment at work
still persist.
' Regarding policies in the employment and
supervision of women, “a policy of no
tion in employment, of equal opportunity hit ad-
BHftersity
ist and
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Scout Report From
Chapel Hill Boy Scout Troop
835 is in Canada on a three-week
camping trip. The Troop left Ju
ly 19 in its own bos,. 19 Scouts
and two adult leaders strong.
Following is a report of activities
to date from David Miller, Troop
Sbribe.
On July 19 we left Chapel Hill
at 4:30 a.m. We stopped at Far
mersville, Virginia, and looked
h round for half an hour. Near
Washington we ate lunch at 11:30
EST and 12:30 Virginia time. At
about 3:00 Virginia time we
reached Fort Dietrick, Fredrick,
Maryland. We unpacked and got
vancement, and of equal pay for equal work is
appropriate for American business and industry.”
ETHNIC GROUPS
Ethnic groups are defined as a collection of
people having in common religion, racial origin,
national origin, or language and culture tradi
tions. The largest minority ethnic group with
which management is actively concerned is the
Negroes. Management has been “unduly appre
hensive and conservative in its fears about em
ploying Negroes.” Prof. Calhoon gives nine guides
for the process of integrating ethnic groups in
the business.
THE HANDICAPPED
Those with mental or physical disabilities suf
fer prejudices from a culture which places high
values on “physical beauty, health, fitness and
‘normality,’ ” according to Prof. Calhoon. “Dis
crimination is present in employment of those
with handicaps despite national efforts such as
‘Employ the Handicapped Week’. . . . Manage
ment has a social responsibility to employ those
handicapped workers who can meet standards re
quired for carrying out particular job tasks.”
EX-CRIMINALS
Many of those in management would prefer
not to hire ex-criminals, pleading risk and the
need for safety. Such an attitude is prompted
by a general ignorance of prisons, of prison work,
of rehabilitation, and of various types of crime.
THE MENTALLY ILL
S
“Enough cases of violent actions by ex-mental
hospital patients appear in newspapers to render
employers dubious about their employment,” says
Prof. Calhoon. It is being increasingly recognized
that mental ailments are treatable diseases, but*
Prof. Calhoon points out that many employers
are nonetheless wary.
ALCOHOLICS
The chance is that one out of every 35 em
ployees is an alcoholic, according to Prof. Calhoon.
He says the typical alcoholic has been with the
company for 1114 years, is in his forties and is
therefore a serious problem to his organization,
generally having twice as many accidents as the
non-alcoholic, having a higher rate of absenteeism
and working with reduced efficiency. Prof. Cal
hoon recommends that policy statements recog
nize alcoholism as a health problem. Punishment,
according to Prof. Calhoon, "does not get at the
cause of difficulty.”
SEXUAL IMMORALITY
“When an act takes place outside the organiza
tion and an employee’s work is not affected, the
question is one of policy—dobs conviction for a
civil or criminal act then automatically cause dis
charge from the company?” Prof. Calhoon points
out that some companies would prefer not to tole
rate' any violations of moral code while others
feel that they should consider these questions
only when work relations are affected.
layed out in the gym. They had
a huge pool and a sliding board
that stole the show. For dinner
we had Swiss steak and potatoes.
After that we went swimming
and to bed.
July 20: After a rainy night we
got up at five, packed, cleaned
the gym, and had a breakfast of
pancakes, French toast, and ce
real. At about 7:00 after a hat
chase we hit the road. In Penna.
we saw several hex signs on
barns and passed several old
cars. We stopped in Allentown
for Cokes and in Easton we'cross
ed into New Jersey. We took the
Garden State Turnpike through
New Jersey. In Newark we could
see the New York skyline. We
took the New York Thruway up
to Albany and on the way ate
lunch at a Hot Shoppe.
Just north of Albany the eclipse
happened and at 10:00 we got to
Plattsburgh on Lake Champlain.
July 21: We are and left for
caihp at 7:00 a.m. At 10.00 we
crossed the border and soon we
went through Montreal. Lunch
was at St. Jerome. Our camp
site is Fort Yukon.
July 25: Every day we get up
at 7:00 a.m., put on. our swim
suits. Then we get washed in
the lake. After that we cook and
wash dishes. At 9:45 badge in
struction starts. From 11:00 to
11:30 is free and then swimming.
After that we cook. At 2:30 there
is swimming. Then dinner. Then
night activities.
Monday we had a swim meet.
HOW ITS PEPSI
for those
think youngish
hotMWOithtw carton todojfl *
THE CHAPEL HILL WEEKLY
Canada
Gordon Kage won the 100-yard
freestyle. He came in second in
the breaststroke. Ricky Barnett
won the 50-yard breaststroke.
Craig Barton came in third (to
last) in the backstroke. Jim Par
ker, Sam Perry, Brian Mansfield,
and Pete Blackburn were second
in the intermediate freestyle re
lay. Gordon Kage, Bill Creel,
Bucky Barnett, and Tommy Kip
were third in the senior freestyle
relay. David Miller, Geoffrey
Norwood, Mike Hakan, and Fred
Johnston were first in the junior
freestyle relay. So went the swim
meet and we came in second
over-all.
Tuesday there was a water polo
game. At first the score was 3-0
their favor. But soon we pulled
ahead. Kage, Creel, and Penrty
were the tanks and after mauling
the Canadians we won 12-5.
These Canadians hre reel
friendly guys and we have traded
everything possible. Now the Ca
nadians are imitating us and we
speak like Canadians.
Yesterday the Eagle Patrol and
the staff went on a long, wet,
mucky hike. The Bats stayed at
the camp and took a training
course.
■SerdceYouMlUkS
I in CARRBORO |
TRAFFIC JAM—The Exchange Pool
looked like Times Square at 5 p.'m. at the
height of Monday’s heat wave. In addi
tion to the welter of children and rub
ber craft tangled in the water, adults
Dqn't Let Shade Trees Starve
Lack of moisture is sometimes
the reason for poor condition of
shade trees during the summer
months, but an equally frequent
cause of trouble is starvation, ac
cording to University of Tennes
see Extension Forester, John
Sharp, says the National Plant
Food Institute’s Southern Re
gional Office.
The elements needed in the
greatest quantities for healthy
tree growth are nitrogen, phos
phate and potash. They are de
ficient in most soils where shade
trees are grown; deficiencies re
sult in poor bud development, un
healthy color, dying branches
and poor growth in general.
A balanced fertilizer, such as
10-10-10 or 12-12-12 is recommend
ed for shade trees. From one
to one-half pounds of fertilizer
for each inch of tree diameter
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and others lined the edges, turning
brown in the sun and making occasional
frantic leaps for the cooling water. Be
it ever so busy, there is nothing like the
neighborhood swimming hole.
is sufficient. The fertilizer may
be applied through a-series of
holes made over the root system
from the trunk out to the “drip
line,” or as far as the branches
extend. The holes should be 12-
18 inches deep and one foot apart
for small trees or two to three
feet for larger trees.
It is the opinion of some fore
stry experts, that digging holes
to fertilize trees is unwarranted.
Instead, fertilizers are simply
spread on the surface of the
ground to be carried downward
by water. Since most of the
tree’s small feeder roots are
just under the soil surface, inter,
twined with grass roots, surface
applied plants nutrients readily
leach into the soil and are quick
ly absorbed. Because roots ex
tend well beyond the crowns, or
drip line—often exceeding fifty
feet for young pole-size trees—
fertilizers should be spread be
yond the span of the tree crown
when using this method.
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Wednesday. July 31, 196 f
Don Bishop Joins
Dept. Os Commerce
Donald E. Bishop, until recent
ly a resident of New York City,-
has joined the public affairs staff
of the U. S. Department, of Com
merce. He will serve as assist
ant to James G. Morton, Special
Assistant to the Secretary for
Public Affairs.
Before coming to the Depart
ment of Commerce, Mr. Bishop
was vice president of Advance
Public Relations, Inc., a New
York agency serving major busi
ness firms. Previously he serv
ed in various executive capaci
ties with the National Broadcast
ing Company for eleven years.
He was director of Community
Services for the owned stations
division, director of Publicity for
the division, and manager of
Program Publicity in the NBC
Press Department. He has writ
ten articles for numerous perio
dicals and newspapers. For 12
years he wrote a weekly column
for Southern newspapers.
Mr. Bishop, a native of Vic
toria, Va., was graduated from
the University here and holds the
M.S. degree from Columbia Uni
versity Graduate School of Jour
nalism. He and Mrs. Bishop re
side in Alexandria, Va.
when Requested
COLONIAL
RUG GLEANERS
Phone 942-2960