Newspapers / The Charlotte Labor Journal … / June 20, 1935, edition 1 / Page 1
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The ONLY REALLY INDEPENDENT WEEKLY in Mecklenburg County For a Weekly, Its Readers Represent the LARGEGST BUYING POWER in Charlotte Official Organ Central Labor Union; endorsed by State Federation of Labor Truthful, Honest, Impartial ©ip Charlotte labor Journal Patronize oufl Advei tisers. They make YOUR paper posible by their co operation. AND DIXIE FARM NEWS Endeavoring to Serve the Masses Vol. V.—No. 7 Tava Aavi m Tmi Iwvarran !• A CHARLOTTE, N. C., THURSDAY, JUNE 20, 1935 Daaaava WORKING CONDITIONS IN BEAUTY SHOPS DESCRIBED IN WOMEN’S BUREAU REPORT, DEPT. OF LABOR Changing: styles of hairdressing and beauty culture have re silted in a spectacular increase during the past 15 years in the number of beauty shops and of women employed in such work. Th's fact 4s pointed out in a recently published study of employ ment conditions of women in this occupation by the Women’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor. Before 1920, the study states, rela tivelj few women patronized beauty shop.-. The bobbed-hair craze first mad* them popular, and the accom panying developments of manicuring facials, hair dyeing, marcelling, and permanent waving soon brought the' services of beauty shop operatives to be an indispensable part of almost every budget. By 1930 there were some three and one-half times as many women working as barbers, hair dressers, and manicurists in beauty shops throughout the nation as in 1920. With the rapid appearance of beauty shops in department stores, of fice buildings, hotels, and private res idences, or as separate independent businesses, it soon became clear that the great majority—roughly nine tenths—of the operators in these shops were women, and it is with the lot of these women that the Wo men’s Bureau study is particularly concerned. The survey, made in the winter and early spring of 1934, cov ered 390 shops employing some 1,500 white employees, including almost 200 men, and 75 shops employing about 150 Negro women, in four cities— Philadelphia, New Orleans, St. Louis, and Columbus (Ohio). Most of the beauty shops visited were small—the typical shop in the survey employing no [more than three operators. The four basic services offered in the white beauty shops were plain shampooing, finger waving, hair cutting, and manicuring. In Negro shops, shampooing and hair pressing (straightening) were the chief serv ices offered, with marcelling next in importance. Quite pronounced dif ferences were found in the occupa tions of the men and women em ployees. While the great majority of the white women and almost all of the Negro women were all-around op erators performing all these services men were specialists in some line— the most common being hair cutting. In general, wages were found to be low, almost, one-fourth of the white wgmen and two-thirds of the Negro women earning less than $10 a week. The fnedium of the week’s earnings of white women was $14.25 and that of Negro women less than three fifths as much—$8. Half the wo men received more and half less than the median in each case. The wages of'men were higher than those for wo men—the median of the week’s earn ings of white men being $22.50: BENEFIT DANCE Armory - Auditorium FRIDAY NIGHT, JUNE 21 ' Don’t forget the date of the Central Labor Union DANCE AND FLOOR SHOW, featuring the Del Regis Broadcasting Orchestra. This dance is for the benefit of the Unemployed in Organized Labor, and should have your support. TRUCE DECLARED IN FREEPORT, ILL., STRIKE FREEPORT, 111., June 17.—The strike at the Stover Manufacturing and Engine Company plant, which Friday brought out the * National Guard after six men were injured in a clash with deputies sheriff, was ended last night. Conferees, including Gov. Henry Horner, announced that both sides had accepted proposals for a five per cent wage increase, effective until September 1, and that the 200 guards men patrolling the city will be with drawn in the morning. A strikers demand for recognition of a new machinists ’and moulders’ union was waived. AT ARMORY - AUDITORIUM FRIDAY, JUNE 21 DEL REGIS ORCHESTRA “RHYTHM PERSONIFIED” Federal Contract * Board Is Asked By Textile Union New York. N. Y.—The enactment of a Federal law providing a nat ional hoard of control, called the Nat ional Board of Cotton Textile Produc tion, in the cotton textile industry pat terned after the Guffey Coal Stabili zation bill, will be sought by the United Textile Workers of America, Thomas F. SJcMahon, president of the union, announced at the conclu sion of a two-day meeting of the. U. T. W. executive board here. Fran cis J. Gorman, first vice-president, was instructed to go to Washington and prepare such legislation. Mr. McMahon also stated that the board had voted to support legisla * tion for a new NRA which is being prepared by the American Federation of Labor. The board was unanimous in the opinion that textile employers were postponing attempts to cut wages and increase hours until Cong ress adjourns. ’ BENEFIT DANCE Armory - Auditorium FRIDAY NIGHT, JUNE 21 Don't forget the date of the Central Labor Union DANCE AND FLOOR SHOW, featuring the Del Regis Broadcasting Orchestra- This dance is for the benefit of the Unemployed in Organized Labor, and should have your support. \ The control board advocated by the union would have power to regulate production in the cotton textile in dustry. The regulation would include stabilization of marketing methods, wages, hours, prices and word loads, with representation of labor and man agement on1 control bodies. To make the stabilization rules ef fective the proposed legislation would prescribe that all cotton textile prod ucts offered for transportation or transported in interstate commerce shall carry the name and address of the producer and a statement that the j labor relations and the trade practices1 prescribed by the control board were observed in the processes of manufac ture, with the proviso that the control board shall certify the same to the In terstate Commerce Commission, which shall require such certification for all goods offered for interstate shipment, and to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which shall require such certification before advancing loans to manufacturers. As an additional enforcement-meas ure the bill would have a Federal tax levied on cotton textile products sub ject to the law but not carrying the certificates required. W. L. DOUGLAS SHOE ON THE UNFAIR LIST The W. L. Douglas Shoe Co., of Brocton, Mass., have repudiated their contract with the Boot and Shoe Workers’ International Union, and are now operating under an open shop basis. In the past, thousands of trade unionists have worn these shoes, as they always bore the Union Stamp. So don’t be fooled—look for the Un ion Stamp on the shoes you buy and you can’t go wrong. The Union Label assures the pur chaser that he is nutting his money into the best investment on earth— Trade Unionism. v ■V HARR1 BO ATE CUSTOMS •KHTINKNT Com MB NT TlMBLY Tones Diverting for a while from the habit of discussing ejveryday subjects which can be found without hunting in any newspaper, it may be interesting to go back a little in history and learn something of a few well-known cus toms and their origin." j In the good old days of chivalry every man carried a sword or dagger. This was deemed necessary for purposes of honor and self-preservation, for in those times every little pretext was seized upon as ah occasion for a fight. Men were very easily insulted and sometimes without provocation they undertook to poke holes into their fellow men or sjash them in the throat. When, therefore, one man desired to show to another that his in tentions were peaceable he, extended his right hand. If the cither reciprocated the friendliness he, too, extended his sword hand, and each then grasped the other’s sword hand, in token of mutual trust and friendship. That is the origin of handshaking as a mode of greeting or manifestation of good will. Although there is no longer any sense in it, we still cojntinue to use the right hand in this ceremony, and are taught that it is not| proper to shake with the left hand. We sometimes wonder what was the rjesult in case the greeting took place between a right-handed and a left-handeld sword swinger. When a gentleman raises his hat as an act of coujrtesy he jis but continuing the observance of a custom that also had its origin in the; days of knight hood. Whenever one of our chivalrous ancestors entered a crowd or gather ing he was careful to have on his armor and helmet, for lurking foes were numerous in those days, and it behooved every sensible knigtyt to be constant ly on his guard and to protect himself as much as possibly. Wheh coming among friends, however, especially if they were women, j he removed his hel*iet, to signify that he trusted himself in the presence of his friends. While the modern hat, as the successor of the helmet, no longer serves as a protection from enemies, it is still employed as a means of showing re spect and courtesy to ladies. Buttons have long served both for practical purposes and for ornamenta tion of clothing, both for men and women, but few there arej who know much about the beginning of their use in certain places. j No man would consider his frockcoat or his cutaway properly finished if it did not have two buttons placed in the small of the back immediately above the coat tail. These buttons serve no purpose whatsoever, and yet fashion demands that they, be put on. Now, this fashion had its origin in a very practical object. When men carried swords these buttons were placed on coats for the purpose of holding the sword-belt in! position, and in that capacity they served a very useful purpose. But for some reason or other tpey were retained after the sword-blts were abandoned, and now no tailor has the courage to leave them off, though he may have not the slightest notion -why he puts them on. Another custom of our day is wearing buttons on the sleeves of men s coats. Their origin is of comparatively recent date, but it shows that they, too, had a good excuse for their existence when first usedi Frederick the Great was very particular about the appearance of his soldiers and their uniforms. He discovered soon after taking charge of his army that many of his men were in the habit of wiping the perspiration from their faces with their coat sleeves. This of course, tended to soil the sleeves and give the coat an untidy appearance. In order to put a stop to this practice. Fred erick ordered that a row of buttons be placed on the upper side of each sleeve. After that, when a soldier undertook to draw his sleeve across his face the button would make it so uncomfortable for him that he soon learned to abandon the habit. By this ingenious means the unticfy practice was broken tip. But though the habit went out of existence the buttons remained, and when their original purpose was forgotten they were placed on the under side of the sleeve so as to be out of the way. The use of these buttons, there for, has become a more persistent habit thin the hahit which they were designed to break up. SECURITY, HAPPINESS, GREATER WEALTH DISTRIBUTION F. R.’s AIM Washington, D. C.—President Roosevelt at one of his press confer ences here condensed into tabloid form the social objectives of his ad ministration. His ideals were summed up in re sponse to the following question asked by Robert Cromie, editor of the Van couver Sun “What would you say was the so cial objectives of the Administration?” The President looked up in surprise and then replied extemporaneously: “That is a difficult subject to dis cuss, offhand. It would take an hour or two hours at least. “The social objective, I should say, remains just what it was, which is to do what any honest government of any country would do; to try to in crease the security anti the happiness of a larger number of people in all occupations of life and in all parts of the country; to give them a greater distribution not only of wealth in the narrow terms but of j wealth in the wider terms; to give ;them places to go in the summer time—recreation; to give them assurance that they are not going to starve in their old age; to give honest business a chance to go ahead and make a reasonable profit, and to give everyone a chance to earn a living. “It is a little difficult to define it and I suppose this is a very offhand definition, but unless you go; into a long discussion it is hard to inake it more definite. And I think, however, that we are getting somewhere to ward our objective.” : Queen City StrikersAre Just Beginning Recognition Fight The strike of the Printers, Pressmen and Bookbinders of the Queen City Printing Company, now in its seventh week, is just getting under way, and plans are now being laid to put into effect one of the most widespread and extensive campaigns ever heard of in this section of the country. In addition to the regular weekly benefits the strikers are receiving vol untary assistance from the whole of Organized Labor and are well entrenched to carry on the fight just as loiig as the company sees fit to (try to operate w ith rat and scab labor. f These rats, as they go in and out of the plant, are beginning to do so in the typical rat fashion, so to speak, with their heads dpwn and eyes shifting, and some of the longer tailed ones have been accused of carrying their tails in their hip pockets to keep them from dragging the ground. The plant is continuing to operate in a badly crippled condition as late deliveries, poor craftsmanship, and general confusion are the order of each day’s work. It has been reported that a change of management in the plant was recently put into effect, the former superintendent having been reduced to a foremanship, and a new and more incompetent superintendent appointed. Final plans for the grand ball and floor show to be presented at the Armory Auditorium Friday night, June 21, have been completed and every thing is in readiness for an event long to be remembered by Organized Labor in Charlotte. The music will be furnished by the Del Regis Orchestra, an outstanding Union orchestra of 14 pieces with a national reputation. Tickets will be $1.00 per couple, spectators 25c.. All workers should come and bring their friends. NIGHT BASEBALL PORTSMOUTH AT CHARLOTTE June 20,21,22,23 NIGHT GAMES AT 8:30 Bleachers, 40c (AH Tax Paid) Grand Stand 65c i ELEVEN MILLION HOMES IN SLUM CLASS ACCORDING TO PWA REPORT PREPARED BY DR. EDITH WOOD Washington, D C.—The housing conditions throughout a great portio: of the United States are so. bad tha they constitute a national emergenc; demanding Government intervention according to a report on “Slums an< Blighted Areas in the United States,’ prepared by Dr. Edith Elmer Woo( for the Housing Division of the Pub lie Works Administration. Based on a thorough survey, th< report declares 6,©00,000 non-farm anc 5,000,000 farm homes are “definitelj sub-standard, the two 'Nconstitutinp over 36 per cent of our total housing.’ This deplorable and socially-dang erous condition exists not only in th< slum areas of large cities but alsc throughout the farming districts Famines numbering one-third of th< population of the couhtry, the reporl asserted, are living in dwellings anc neighborhoods “of a character to in Major Berry Is Named To Post By the President WASHINGTON, June 18.—Njajoi George L. Berry, of Pressmen’: Home, Hawkins county, has beei named by the President as one o two additional members of the ad visory committee on allotments foi the works program. This committee actually distributes the $4,800,000,00< fund.] | The. other member named '( was Ju lien Harrison Hill, president of the State Planters Bank and Trust Co. of Richmond, Va., representing the American Bankers’ Association. Maj Berry i? president of the Interna tional Printing Perssmen and Assis tant’s Union of North America, ane represents organized labor. For some weeks Major Berry ha: been sitting in informally on the ad visory committee, at the invitation o: President Roosevelt. Today’s appoint ment confirms him in this position. Major Berry is a member of thi American Society of Military Engi neers, board of directors,! Arnericai Legion (past national vice-comman der), a director of the Citizens Unioi Bank of Rogersville, and owner of i weekly newspaper, “The Rogersvill Review.” He has published a book entitled “Labor Conditions Abroad,' and a number of pamphlets. He was a delegate of A. F. of L. t< British Trades': Union Congress a Newport, Wales, in 1912; to Interna tional Economics Congress at Zurich Switzerland, 1912; to Internationa Printers’ Congress at Stuttgart, Ger many, 1&12; a member of the indus trial commission which visited Eu rope by order of the president o: the United States, January, 1918. After signing of the armistice, h( was transferred to Paris as labor ad yiser on the American commission t< negotiate peace. Every dollar spent for Union Label goods and services means better wages, shorter hours and decent work ing conditions for every worker. Pari-Mutuels Lose Fight in New York Legislators in twenty-five States thaf have adopted the legalized form !of betting known as pari-mutuels still are wondering how and why New York State passed up a million or inore in revenue when the Senate turned down mutuels and left the field to the book-makers. The Literary Digest reports that the better element on the turf in New York and elsewhere Is happy at the outcome. Last Year’s “Take” From Pari-Mutuels California . $339,213 Washington . 149,060 Florida _ 625,291 Ohio . . 135,796 Maryland .J. 863,269 New Hampshire . 656,62S Rhode Island .— 812,414 Kentucky . 223,903 Michigan... 580,000 Texas . 553,265 Illinois ....... 545,670 ivumieis a menace Mutuels in New York, these people point out, would soon end thoroughbred racing all over the United States. They admit that betting in the pari-mutuel machines has not ended racing in other States, but they say that they see the end coming: New York, minus mutuels and the all-consuming itake." will soon become the back < <r of the sport, they say. The system in New Yofk is dif .brent. There the book-makers bet tpajt the public is wrong, which it prdbably is, but in theory at least the public .s not betting against its own mohey. The $109,000 which sent into the machines at Miami, and of which only $90,000 c4t:ue hack, may bring the puh!!c a mi” on in New! York Public Loses jin other .vords, the public at least has a chance to beat the book maker, atid often does; it never -• a win at a mutual track. At mutual tiiacks a few of the lucky ones .yin, of course, just as in New York hut the drain of the "take” is on the community and, in the end, even the lucky ones, or their bank-rolls, must be eaten up by the machine. jure the health, endanger the safety > and morals and interfere with the normal life of their inhabitants.” In discussing the remedy for bad , housing the ropert declared that the i facts and figures obtained by the sur ’ vey leads to the “inescapable conclu 1 sion” that private enterprises is un able to meet the situation. The needs of the low-income groups, it was pointed out, cannot be met either by housing constructed on the ordinary profit basis or according to the limited-dividend plan. Therefore, the report went on, “the time has come for private enterprise to abandon an impossible task and let the community take it over.” BENEFIT DANCE Armory - Auditorium FRIDAY NIGHT, JUNE 21 Don’t forget the date of the Central Labor Union DANCE AND FLOOR SHOW, featuring the Del Regis Broadcasting Orchestra. This dance is for the benefit of the Unemployed in Organized Labor, and should have your support. Jobless Must Register For Relief Work Order Says Washington, D. C.—An executive order issued by President Roosevelt describing rules and regulations for employment under the $4,800,000,000 work relief program provides that* preference will first be given to un employed persons who are; registered with the United States Employment Service and on public relief rolls in may. The object of the ruling was to remove around 3,500,000 employable persons from relief rolls to work proj ects. According to Government re ports about 19,000,000 employable and dependent persons were on the relief rolls last month. In order to eliminate the complaint in many places that men and women were restrained from taking tempor-* ary jobs through fear of loss of their relief status the terms of the order provided that persons eligible for em ployment are specifically protected against loss of eligibility through tak ing employment in private industry or in public service other than the work relief projects. Every dollar you spend for Union" Label goods and services is a vote for better Union conditions. If Union workers will prevail upon the buying public to purchase only Union Label products, they will have the best assurance of prevailing wages. The Union Label, Shop Card and Working Button are the symbols of collective bargaining and fair play. The Union Label is Supreme. Lobk f<j>r it. You’ll never find it on ih ferior goods. Labels may come and labels may go, but 'die Union Label will go on for Government By Mail Long, Coughlin, and Townsend : j Mail-Boxes and Ballot-Boxc SENATOR HUEY P. LONG, of O Louisiana, with his “share-the wealth" program; Father Charles E. Coughlin, of Royal Oak, Michi gan. with his National Union for Social Justic^; and Dr. Frank E. Townsend, of Long Beach, Califor nia, with his old-age pension plan; account for much of the mail which travels over the country each day, reports The tfiterary Digest. Most Senators occupy three rooms in the Senate Office Build ing. But Huey Long has five rooms. When his staff overflowed the normal Senatorial quarters, Senator Long moved some of his clerks into the corridor. As a re sult the Gove#nment allotted him, without extra charge, two more rooms. L->ng Expands At the peak, in April, Senator Long employed twerty-two clerks on the day-shift, and fourteen at night. The mail averages 60.000 letters a week. Doctor Townsend had a paid force of fifty in the main pfflee at , t Long Beach last winter. One thou-, sand two hundred dollars a day was spent on postage-stamps. Father Coughlin hires 217 clerks. BENEFIT DANCE Armory - Auditorium FRIDAY NIGHT, JUNE 21 Don’t forget the date of the Central Labor Union DANCE AND FLOOR SHOW, featuring the Del Regis Broadcasting Orchestra. This dance is for the benefit of the Unemployed in Organized Labor, and should have your support.
The Charlotte Labor Journal and Dixie Farm News (Charlotte, N.C.)
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June 20, 1935, edition 1
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