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The ONLY REALLY INDEPENDENT WEEKLY in Meek Xnburf County For a Weekly, Its Readers Represent the LARGEST BUYING POWER in Official Organ Central Labor Union; endorsed b State Federation of Labor I Truthful, Honest, Impartial Che Charlotte labor Journal Patronise our Adrer make TOUR Users. They ami paper possible by operation. their ce AND DIXIE FARM NEWS Endeavoring to Serve the Masses Vol. V.—No. 37 YOU* ASVIRTIHHtNT IN TNI JOURNAL H A IHVMTMIMT CHARLOTTE, N. C„ THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 1936 JOURNAL AOVCRTIRCaa DCStRVU CONSIOIRATION OP ▼NR RiAMR $2.00 Per Year JOHN PEEL TELLS COMMITTEE SIXTY-THREE MILLS VIOLATING THE NRA WAGE STANDARD WASHINGTON, Jan. 28.—An assertion that six “of the worst offenders against the NRA” obtained loans from the Reconstruc tion corporation was made before a House subcommittee today by John Peel, southern vice-president of the United Textile workers, Peel, testifying in support of the Ellenbogen textil control bill, denied statements of employers that code standards were be ing maintained in the textile industry in the South, and read into the record a list of 63 companies which he said had violated NRA codes, and which had departed from NRA standards since the Blue Eagle’s passing. Tne day was devoted largely to de nunciation of labor conditions in the South. Spokesmen for two New Eng land Governors told the committee that unequal labor costs were destroy ing the textile industry in the Nortn. Peel said the RFC loans were made to southern textile companies while strikes were in progress in their mills. He said the Mooresville Cot ton mills of Moresville, N. C., obtain ed a loan of $800,000; the Chesney mill of Chesney, S. C., $275,000; the Carter mills of Lincolnton, N. C., $70, 000; the Oconee mill of Westminster, S. C., $35,000; the Globe cotton mills of Augusta, Ga., $48,700; and the Cherokee Spinning company, ot Cherokee, Tenn., $400,000. Peel said hours had been lengthened work loads increased and wages re duced throughout the South. He was corroborated by H. D. Liske, a local UTW leader of Concord, N.i C., whc said, “There never was compliance in the South.” The 63 southern textile mills list ed by Peel as having violated NRA code standards before and after the Supreme Court’s invalidating decision follow: ( North Carolina—Mooresville Cot ton mill, Mooresville; Carter mills, Lincolnton; Alexander mills, Forest City; Groves Thread company, Gas tonia; St Paul Manufacturing com pany, St. Paul; Spofford mill, Wil mington; Highlands Cordage mill, Hickory; Cone mills, Greensboro; Hannah Pickett mm, nockingnam; Eton mills, Shelby; Phoenix mills, Kings Mountain; Cannon mills, Kan napolis; Picket cotton mills, High Point; Firestone mills, Gastonia; Brown mills, Concord; Edna mills, Reidsville; Chadwick-Hoskins mills, Charlotte; Worth Spinning mills, Stony Point; Southside mills, Winston - Salem; Stonecutter mills, Spindale; Florence mill, Forest City; Henrietta mill No. 2, Caroleen; Cliffside mill, Cliffside, and Gambriel Melville, Bessemer City. South Carolina—Spring mills, at Lancaster, Fort Mill and Cjnester; Aragon Baldwin mills, Rock Hill and Greenville; Saxon mills, Spartanburg; Clinton mills, Clinton; Pacific mills, Lyman.. Dunean mills, Greenville and Grier; Norris Manufacturing company, Catechie; Winnsboro Cot ton mills, Winnsboro; Marlboro mills, McColl; United Merchants and Man ufacturing company, Langley; Repub-j lie mills, Great Falls. Georgia—Southern Brighton com pany, Shannon; Atlanta Woolen mills, Atlanta; Gate City Cotton Mills, At lanta; Fulton Bagging and Cotton Mill, Commerce; Higntown Cotton mill, Thomaston; Calloway mills, La Grange, Manchester, and Milstead; Beaver-Lois, DouglasviHe; Aragon mills, Aragon; Crystal Springs mills, Crystal Springs, Peerless Woolen mills, Rossville; Mandeville mills, Carrolton, Bibb Manufacturing com pany, Macon. Labor Relations Board Is Upheld By A D. C. Court Washington, D. C.—Justice '"JSsse C. Adkins, in the District of Colum bia Supreme Court, refused to issue preliminary injunction restraining the National Labor Relations Board from holding an election of the em ployes of the Gates City Cotton Mills of East Point, Ga., to determine whether the local union of the United Textile Workers of America should represent the employes in colective| bargaining. . The two suits were instituted against the board a number of weeks ago. Mrs. Lola Echols, an employe of the plant, sought an injunction re straining the board from holding the election. The company also asked for an injunction against the election. Mrs. Echols claimed the election would deprive her of alleged consti tutional rights to bargain individu ally with the company. The company claimed it would be deprived of the right to make individual contracts for labor if the election resulted in union shop conditions, Frederick H. Wood, who was chief counsel in the Schechter poultry case which was the basis for the action of the United States Supreme Court in declaring the National Recovery Act unconstitutional, represented both the company and Mrs. Echols in the proceedings before Justice Adkins. It was announced that Justice Ad kins’ decision denying the injunctions would be appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Dis trict of Columbia. Thrift Wins In Paw Creek Debate That debate out at Paw Creek laat Saturday night on “Resolved, That Freedom is Greater Than Friend ship„” resulted in a decision in favor of Mr. E. A. Thrift, who took the affirmative. Friend R. C. Thomas, of Gastonia, who took the negative in the debate .made a good showing, how ever. It was enjoyed by all present. First Ruler of Bavaria Prince Luitpoid, the first ruler of Bavaria, came to the throne of this German state on June 7. 1886. Ludwig II and Otto I, sons of Maximilian. the former ruler, were declared insane, and Luitpoid was (riven the regency. Ludwig had ruled under another regen cy, but upon his deposition committed suicide. During the long role of I.uit pold Bavaria shared the common pros perity of Germany; but it was long before she forgot her traditional ra ai and religions antagonism toward russia. This feud in the German t’on ■derac.v lasted until Ludwig 111 l«* ime king on November 3, llll.'t, upon is father's death. IF YOTTO STTl«?n?TPTION IS W ARREARS tv 4 CHECK ges means greater organiged pur ging power, and that spells Pros -itv for everybody. Look for the ion Label 1 Screen Boyd Again Plays Fiction Hero William Boyd heads a stellar cast of players in the filmization of Clar ence E. Mulford’s new story for Par amount “The Eagle’s Brood,” now running at the Charlotte Theatre, Portraying “Hopalong Cassidy,” Mulford’s famous western fiction character, Boyd impersonates one of the old west’s fearless gunfighters. In the “Eagle’s Brood,” “Hopalong” has become a man of the law, a peace officer in the great southwest who can use his head as well as his hands. Jimmy Ellison, new western star, is seen in the role of “Johnny Nelson,” youthful “pay” of “Hoppy,” who idolizes him and for whom “Hoppy” is continually trying to keep out of scrapes. Together they ferret out ai band of “badmen” who have held the town of Hell Center in a reign of terror and through strategy they succeed in wiping them out and re storing law and order to the com munity. Others in the cast include William Farnum, veteran star of stage and, screen, Addison Richards, George'. Hayes, Joan Woodbury, Frank Shan non, Paul Fix, Al Lydell and Dor othy Revier. Directed by Howard Bretherton and produced by Harry Sherman, Clarence E. Mulford’s “The Eagle's Brood”i s the second of a se ries featuirng the Mulford character “Hopalong Cassidy.” Ground Sloth Numerous Millions of Years Ago Ground sloths, strange lumbering beasts that the first human Inhabi tants of this continent may hare hunt ed, were Immigrants like the men, but they came from the opposite direction. Human migration came from the north west, from Asia; ground sloths came earlier, and from the southwest, from tropical America (where the strange race of beasts had their first home. Sloths lived long In South America without appearing on the northern con tinent, because through millions of years of the earlier part of the Age of Mammals there was a wide area of sea between North and South Amer ica. - When this closed over, perhaps thirty million years ago. intermigration of animals began between the two con tinents, and the first sloths appeared in North America. These developed four distinct genera, which ranged In size from a six-month calf to a short legged elephant. The last of them be came extinct a relatively short time ago; the skeleton of one of them, I found in New Mexico and now in the , Yale museum, still has its ligaments and part of its skin. i In South America also the group sur vived until the Coming of man. Far down In Patagonia, in a cave, there were found large pieces of skin of one of these animals, with its coating of hair still on it, together with the sloth's skull. The cave also yielded evidence of human occupation while the sloth was still alive, j J’' Wndnct* sre slwsvs American-made. CHATTING ■V HARRY BOATS “America’s First Major Kidnaping.’’ Under the above caption the Literary Digest, in a recent issue, had this to say about one crime which has been almost forgotten by those who were familiar with the story, and to those who have come into the world of knowledge since it may be interest ing reading. Here is the story: “Pay the kidnapers anything they demand, be it $50,000 or a million.” When the Lindbergh first-born was stolen from his crib on March, 1, 1932, that was the advice of Patrick Thomas Crowe, self-confessed kidnaper in the Cudahy case, America’s first great abduction. It was the payment of that $50,000 ransom which ended in the arrest of Bruno Richard Hauptmann, and his trial and conviction on a charge of murdering Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., during commission of a felony. Now the drama marches toward its denouement in Trenton, N. J. But who is (or was) Pat Crowe, and where is he now? The abduction of Ed ward A. Cudahy, Jr., 15, scion of the packing family, at the turn of the century, startled a nation; an almost unheard-of crime. “Spreading Evil ; Pat Crowe’s Autobiography,” told to Thomas Ragan, criminologist, and published by the Branwell Company, New York, in 1927, recounted the motive of vengeance that brought on the kidnaping. Crowe, born on an Iowa farm, “went to Omaha, then a thriving place where beef and pork packing establishments were springing up. In 1886, with a man named Cavanaugh, he opened a retail butcher shop in South Omaha. \ “The sensationally-known ‘Beef Trust’ was then in its infancy, and among the firms which were later to compose it was a concern run by a man named Edward A. Cudahy, who had a large packing establishment hard by, and, also, a retail butcher shop near that of the young firm. “Pat and his partner also ran a ‘beef trust’ of a sort; that is, they trust ed many working men and their families. Gradually they accumulated many accounts which remained unpaid, and, during the same time, the rival Cudahy shop sold for cash only, but at prices just sufficiently lower to attract cash customers. Something over a year passed. “Pat stood in the street without a penny to his name .... He clenched his fist, shook it at the rival establishment, and vowed: “ ‘I'll make you pay for this, some day, and pay well’.” Homer Croy, writing in The Elks Magazine, recalled: “Just a week ’jefore Christmas, in the year 1900, Pat Crowe walked cas ually down a dark street, for it was 7 o’clock in the evening. Eddie Cudahy came home from a friend’s where he had been playing. Pat Crowe seized him.” Servants soon found a ransom demand in the yard. Then, as Mr. Croy continued: “The father’s answer was to telegraph to Chicago for 20 Pinkerton de tectives. But the mother broke down under the strain.” The instructions for paying the $25,000 ransom in gold were followed. Eddie came home alone, unharmed. “The case became a world sensation,” Mr. Croy remarks. “The amazing hunt went on. Five years later a man turned up in a miner’s saloon in Butte, Mont. He had been drinking and thought he held the world in the hollow of his hand. “ ‘Shay, I’m the man who kidnaped Eddie Cudahy.’ “Pat Crowe was; tried in Omaha .... When the jury came in they turned Crowe loose. | “Why? The jury was composed of farmers. They hated the so-called Meat Trust.” Pat Crowe took to lecturing on the “crime-doesn’t-pay” line for two decades. ’ “Where do you suppose Pat Crowe is now? Mr. Coy asked. “I saw him recently in the- Bowery, New York—an old bum. He shuffles up to people, holds out his hand, and begs for a dime—and when he gets it turns it into drink. He sleeps in ‘flop houses,’ and in summer he sometimes sleeps on park benches. That is the afternoon of the world’s most famous kidnaper.” He has, however, a habit of bobbing up again when least expected. On February 18,; 1929, New York newspapers carried long dispatches from Buffalo telling of Pat Crowe committing suicide in a dingy alley. The next day Pat walked into police headquarters. Clean shaven, white-haired, with handsome features, he drew six feet two inches to full height and ex claimed: “I’ll show you I’m not dead yet.” The above is a short sketch of the first major kidnap case and the al leged cause leading up to the act. It also tells that crime does not pay. A statement in the Bible reads: "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.” , In this case, and ;the Lindbergh case, the above quotation appears to be holding its own. U. M. W. To Pass On Industrial Union Movement; Hits At AI Smith WASHINGTON, Jan. 29.-John L. Lewis asked the United Mine Work ers yesterday to pass judgment on his industrial unionism fight with the leaders of the American Federation of Labor. The possibility of pyrotechnics on this issue shared interest with the ac tion of Lewis, as UMW president, in opening the miners’ biennial conven tion7 with a pledge to support Presi dent Roosevelt and criticism of Alfred E. iSmith as a “gibbering political jackanapes.” In throwing before the convention the scrap between those who think that the workers in big industries such as automobiles should be organized by industry rather than by craft, Lew is sugegsted that William Green would want to defend his position in the fight when he address the miners. oreen, a member of the United Mine Workers as well as president of the A. F. of L., severely criticized Lew s recently for his activities in behi.lf of industrial unionism. Opening the convention, the hefty UWM president assailed mith’s Lib erty league dinner speech, asserting tlie former New York Governor “per formed for his masters” at the “bil lior.-dollar dinner” after he had “made a reputation for himself as a great commoner.” “I heard him say once that the people down in his ward, when they wanted coal or food, could not either burn or eat the Constitution of the United States or Supreme Court decis ions,” Lewis added. “I tell him that the people of the United States have the same reaction today as did those people down in his ward when he honestly represented them." Lewis came around to the subject of Smith via a discussion of the fate of the Guffey coal control act, now in the courts and called unconstitutional by the Liberty league lawyers committee. TV Union Label is the greatest ASSURANCE of quality and the best INSURANCE for Trade Unionism. Subscribe for The Journal ► Central Labor ] Union A A ml Outside of one unnecessary “thrill” the meeting of Central Labor Union Wednesday night was one of routine, and considering the weather the at tendance was good. Locals reported good working conditions, many of them having all men working full| time. Brother J. A. Fullerton, chairman of a special committee appointed to look into reported “defects” of the relief set-up in Charlotte, and as to condi tions on several WPA projects made an exhaustive and interesting report on the findings of the committee, which has put in much time and given much study in detail to this matter, which has proven to be one of many angles. Hus committee was continued and will seek further information as to alleged •“discrimination.” The meet ing adjourned about 9:30. President Barr presided, and Secretary Amyx was on hand, but Recording Secretary Atwell was absent. Ori(in of Name “WWto Hon*" The name “White House" Is sup posed to have been given the Capitol after It was painted white to efface the blackened walls, the result of Its par tial destruction by the British In 1814. There Is some controversy about this, however, one claim being that It was so named because Martha Custls was owner of “White House” when she aid Washington first met. It was first popularly known as the Pres'denrw House, but by the yea' 1828 the nick name “White House' tu< j «-«mo to bs widely used Legendary Power of Lough Neagh According to an Irish tale. Lough Neagh fishermen have petrified legs, and when they want to sharpen tnelr razors, they merely turn up their trou sers and use their shins as hones. No child visits Ireland without firmly planting a stick in Lough Neagh and vowing to return in future years, when, like the legs of the fishermen, it will have turned to stone. ! UNEMPLOYMENT TRAGEDY OF SEVEN YEARS SHOWS A BIG INCREASE FROM 613,751 to 11,678,187 The terrible persistence of unemployment imposed on millions of work ing men and women in the United States by the continued refusal of em ployers to shorten hours so as to provide work for all and raise wages to create increased buying power for the masses is poignantly revealed in the latest estimate issued by the American Federation of Labor covering unem ployment from January, 1929, to November, 1935. The statistics, which are compiled from records of the United States Government, reveal that those who own and control American industry, and therefore work opportunities for the toilers, are responsible for an array of jobless wrking men and women ranging from a low of 613,751 in September 1929, just before the stock market crash, to a high point of 15,652,887 in March, 1933. From the 1933 high the out-of-work legions have ranged gradually down ward, reaching a low of 11,448,986 in October, 1935. The tragedy is intensified by the fact that the distress imposed on unem ployed audults has been extended to their families, adding many millions of dependents to the suffering decreed by industrial overlords who declare that profits for the owners of industry must have a preference over em ployment and wages for the jobless millions. Steel Workers Are Sought By A. F. of L; Morris Urged Not To Give Up Seat _ MIAMI, Fla., Jan. 29.—A deter mined drive to bring all the nation’s 300,000 or more steel, iron and I tin workers into the American Federa tion of Labor fold was mapped at to day’s session of the federation’s ex ecutive council. Preparing for adjournment tomor row after its two weeks’ session here, the council also: 1. Urged United States Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska not to carry out his “distressing and disconcerting” intention to retire from the Senate “so that the masses of the people of this country will be the con tinuing beneficiaries of his broad and sympathetic statesmanship.” 2. Voted to grant an international union charter to the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Maids, num bering now some 6,000 members, the 111th international to be chartered by the A. F. of L. and the first of all negro membership. 3. Decided to press forward with or ganizing campaigns among cement, aluminum, gas and by-products, coke, and gasoline filling station workers. 4. Agreed to extend all possible sup port and co-operation to the new Au tomobile Workers’ union in such or ganizing efforts as it might originate and launch. 5. Asked President William Green to confer with D. W. Tracy, president of the Intel-national Union of Electric Workers, and James B. Carey, presi dent of the Radio Workers’ council, concerning the latter group’s proposed affiliation with the federation-char tered Electrical workers. Green also was instructed to map plans and estimate costs for the or ganization drive in steel. A nucleus for the proposed big un ion is the already chartered Amalga mated Association of Steel, Iron, and Tin Workers. EDWARD JAMES DUMAS Born Wednesday morning, Janu ary 29, to Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Dumas, a son, Edward James Dumas. Both mother and son are ding well. Mr. Dumas is a prominent labor man, a member of the Plumbers and Steam fitters local, Mrs. Dumas is prom inently connected with the Women’s Union Label League, so there is not much doubt as to the future of James Edwin, so far as labor is concerned.. TYPO UNION MEETS SUNDAY The regular monthly meeting of Charlotte Typographical Union, No. 338 will be held Sunday afternoon at 2 P.M. in the Moose Hall, on South Tryon Street Business of importance is to be considered, and a full attend ance is requested. H. L. KISER ON SICK LIST The many friends of H. I* Kiser, one of our labor leaders, and a mem ber of the Plumbers and Stearafitters local is still confined to his home in Hoskins, with rheumatism. His many friends both in and out of labor circles wish for him a speedy recovery. TEXTILE MILLS TO PROTEST THE BILL WASHINGTON, Jan. 28.—As the subcommittee of the House committee on labor today continued hearings on the Ellenbogen bill to establish a lit tle NRA in the cotton, silk and woo' extile industries it became known that the American Cotton-Textile Insti tute, Inc., will only make formal ob jet ‘ions tc the bill at the conclusion of the hearings, and plans its chief con gest in the courts. . The chief witness today was John | Peel of Greenville, S. C., vice-presi | H?nt of the Cotton Textile Union of ’ the South, who severly arraigned cot ton textile operators and charged that ‘they have never observed any law regulating the industry.” The public pays the bill. Why not buy Union-made. American products which will increase our payrolls, in stead of buying non-Union, foreign made goods which will increase our relief rolls? Robinson Brands Smith As Turncoat Warning Against His Own Friends I Washington, Jan. 28.—The New Deal officially portrayed Alfred E. Smith tonight as a turncoat “warring against his own people and against the men and women with whom he fought shoulder to shoulder in the past." The spokesman, in reply to the Saturday speech impugning the Americanism and integrity of Roose velt policies, was Smith’s running mate in the 1928 campaign for the presidency—Senator Joseph T. Rob inson of Arkansas. He said “the hour-long harangue before the miscalled Liberty league was barren and sterile, without a single constructive suggestion." “Governor Smith," he concluded, I’ve read the record. “You approved of NR A, you ap proved farm relief, you urged Federal spending for public works, you urged Congress to cut red tape and confer on -the Executive, . ■•rgcd autocratic power of the' President, and you exposed merciless logic the false cry of communism and socialism! “The New Deal was the platform of the ‘Happy Warrior.’ “The policies of the Liberty league havej become the platform of the ‘Unhappy Warrior.’ ’’ Smith had contended that the 1932 platform, save for stock-exchange control and repeal of prohibition, was “thrown in the wastebasket” by the administration. Robinson did not undertake a de tailed reply to this, saying only: “He started to read the Democratic Elatform but for some strange reason e never finished it. I wonder why? Was there something further along, condemning stock market manipula tions, that he didn’t like to read be fore his wealthy friends?” Stiufru Long in Us# Sassafras has a definite connection with New England's early history, ac cording to Prof. William L. Doran at Massachusetts State college. It was probably the first plant product to be exported from New England. The sassafras was believed to have medi cinal value and to he “* plant of sov ereign virtue." The tree was dls« ov ered by Bartholomew Uosnold, an Eng lish sailor, in 1002 on Cutt.vhunk Island, the westernmost of the Eliiabeth Is lands. The tree sold for three shil lings a pound In England, so he shipped several back. The native ^»ss afras Is a highly ornamental WJe. It Is not commonly planted, however, and it Is Injured by severe winter* but Is hardy at points near the sea. OUR ADVERTISERS As always this issue of The Labor Journal carries some important NEWS in its adver tising columns. How and where »"-j can save money should be . % portent news to YOU—to ev •t)«.ae. If yon have not already done so, torn to the ads right now and acquaint yourself with their contents. Then make np your mind to visit the stores of these advertisers and profit to a surprising extent. Be sure to let the advertiser know why yon are there. Tell him you saw it in The Labor Journal. Re member, these advertisers are your friends. They are this newspaper’s friends. Another thing you must not forget, though, is that all of OUR FRIENDS and all of YOUR FRIENDS among the merchants and business men and institu tions of this city are NOT in this issue. However, from time to time they are ALL found here.