Newspapers / The Charlotte Labor Journal … / Sept. 20, 1945, edition 1 / Page 1
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■tractive criSctowT^to^o1^ , ^ (AND DIXIE FARM NEW8) 1 THE VOICE OF ALL A. F. OF L. MEMBERS IN CHARLOTTE _ HMIREI Tfct Journal s opinions. Official Organ of the Charlotte Central Labor Union and Endorsed by the North Carolina State Federation of Labor, Approved by . _ VOL. XV: No! 18 PUBLISHED WEEKLY CHARLOTTE. N. C- TBl RS1.AY. SEPTEMBER 20. 1945 Price 5c Per Copy Subscription Price $2.90 Per Year THE LABOR JOURNAL CHANGES OWNERSHIP INTERESTS OF W. M. WIT TER PURCHASED BY HENRY A, STALLS, ONE OF PAPER’S FOUNDERS. Th« Charlotte Labor Journal was sold this week by W. M. Witter, who has been its editor since its founding in May, 1931. Henry A. Stalk, prominent in Charlotte organised La bor circles, for the pats 20 years, was the purchaser. Mr. Witter and Mr. ’Balk founded the paper together back in the depression days and the ktter disposed of hk interests to Mr. Witter about a year kter. ' Since its founding, The Char lotte Labor Journal and Dixie Farm News has been the official mouthpiece at The Charlotte Labor Union aad uadre Mr. Witter** di rection its influence has been felt not only in the local community but throughout the entire State. It is endorsed by the North Caro lina State Federation of Labor and also is approved by the Amer ican Federation of Labor. Under the new ownership the S paper is going from six to seven columns in width. This issue con tains eight pages aad Mr. Stalls states that just as soon as Ms organisation plans are completed that eight pages will be issued every week. The Charlotte Labor Journal has not only been a means of pro Labor, but also has born its share of the burden ,in .presenting to the public all matters pertaining to the war effort through Victory Bond, Community Chest and Red Cross campaigns. Also The Jour nal has endeavored to promote public good will and better rela tionships between employers and employes through the medium of conciliation and mediation. For several years it has enjoyed a good advertising patronage from the business Arms, not only of Charlotte, but throughout this section of North Carolina, mostly in towns where its circulation is found among members of organ ised Labor. The new home of The Labor Journal will be at 118 East Sixth street, but for the time being the office at 82 SouthO College street will remain open, with the same phone number as heretofore, 3-3094. Also the editor may be contacted at 4-5602, at the East Sixth street address. Living Costs Highest Since Spring of 1921 Washington (LPA) — Even the conservative Bureau of Labor Sta tistics index on the cost of living ■hows that in June of this year, “higher prices for fresh fruits and vegetables and eggs, together with continued increases for clothing and housefurnishings brought the living costs in June, 1945, to the highest level since the spring of 1921." The average cost of all food at retail, reports the BLS, was 61 per cent above the level of August 16, 1939, but 1.3 per cent lower Uian in May, 1943, the highest level for food during the war. Clothing prices moved upward 0.6 per cent between May mid June, the largest advance in any month so far this year. Stocks of medium and inexpensive, ap parel were "at the lowest point during the war,” according to BLS. Despite a new OPA pricing for mula that covered house furnish ings, average costs for housefur nishings, including living room and bedroom furniture, cook stoves and dinnerware, were high er. “The war cost the involved na tions one trillion dollars, or |600 for every man, woman and child in the world.”—Pathfinder. Back To School, Governor Tells Boys and Girls With the 1945-46 school term here, Governor R. Gregg Cherry today strongly urged all ’teen age boys and girls whose earnings ana not strictly essential to the fam* ily support, to quit their Jobs, re turn to school and "take as many courses as you can carry to pre pare yourselves for the competi tive years ahead. Recalling that, throughout the Nation, one out of every four youngsters from 14 through 17 was at work last year, full time or part time, with the result that millions of high school boys and girls got less than their full quota of school opportunities, Governor Cherry declared* "It was good to have their help but we, as a State and Nation cannot afford it now." "These young people did a grand job on the home front through the war years, but there is only one place for them this year—and that is in school," the Governor said. "These are the people on whom we must depend in the eritiesl years ahead for the knowledge and understanding our State and Na tion will need to solve its many post-war problems and to fill our commercial, industrial and profes sional needs. We help ourselves when we help them to get all the school experiences they can crowd mu tneir younger yean. ^ To them teen agers themselves Governor Cherry had this to say: “When your older brother, or fa ther in the armed forces comes home—mid I fervently hope it will be soon—he’ll be wearing a badge of honor that he won by giving his level best to his country in war time. Are you winning yeqr diploma? The best service you can give your State and Nation is to go to school and get all the training you can in these import ant years of your life. “It takes training to keep pace with the marvelous advances in skills developed in war time. There’ll be even more in your own time. I’m sure you- do not want to be a mere kite in a four-engined world—but that’s what you might be, if you don’t prepare yourself for the speedy, complicated world ahead. Thousands of North Caro lina boys and girls just your age have enrolled for school this fall. They are not going to wait for you if you don’t join them. A year or so from now they will be out front. Where-will you be?” Parents of 'teen age boys and girls were also urged by Governor Cherry to double check their chil dren’s future against their present employment in a period of rapid ly dissolving manpower shortages. “These parents should take the long range view that education comes first—jobs can watt, the Governor said. “In the years ahead, there will be new oppor tunities, new jobs and places for new leaders. Parents should make certain that their children are pre pared by having them complete their education. They will be bet ter citisens and this will be a bet ter State and Nation if they do.” Employers of ’teen agers were asked by Governor Cherry to co-t operate in getting these young workers back in school. He said, “That boy working in your plant has been helping you. Now it’s your turn to help him. The ‘E’ that will mean most for him and our State and Nation is the ’Ex cellent’ he wins at school. If he were your son, I am certain you would not have him start to work before he had had all the training he could use. Well, other fathers are away in the armed forces. Their sons, like your own, need your encouragement to keep on with sehooL” Declaring that “reconversion to peacetime production should not be made an occasion to use low paid youngsters at an educational (Continued On Page S) * THE NEW EDITOR . HENRY A. STALLS Women Who Worked In War Ptn'j In North Carolina During War Now Going Back To Their Place In The Home RALEIGH, Sept. 18.—Women, who did a valiant job dur ing the war period in filling places vacated by men drained from industry by Selective Service and thus helped increase production to an all-time high, are now going back to their home work, school or other activities. During the pre-war period wom en composed approximately one third of the labor force in North Carolina industry, but as more men went into the gprvice, more women took jobs in essential plants. By January, 1943, women made up 36.9 per cent of the labor in about 500 of the State’s larger and more important industrial plants. The percentage increased until it reached the peak of 46.7 per cent in May, 1945. However, Dr. J. S. Dorton, State director of the War Man power Commission, points out that many hundreds of smaller plants in this State are not included in these reports and that many of these plants were manned almost entirely by women. He has no way of establishing it, but is reasonably sure that half of the labor force in North Carolina at the peak was made up of women. In July, 1945, the ratio of wom en workers had dropped to 46 per cent and Dr. Dorton has figures to indicate the drop reached 44.2 per cent by August 15. With the passage of V-E Day, many women felt that they had made their contribution to the war cause and began returning to their home duties. After V-J Day still more left jobs they had held dur ing the war. Uyoffs in plants engaged in war work and employing large numbers of women, such as the U. S. Rubber Co. and the National Carbon Co., stimulated this de cline in the number of women en gaged in industry. Eight war establishments in North Carolina, as of June 15, were employing women to the extent of 44 per cent of their total labor force; where as, on August 16 only 17 per cent of their total labor force was women. “Say, Pal, could you let me have five ...” ‘No, blurted the other fellow.” . . . minutes of your time?” “Oh!” ejaculated the*Sec ond Party. » -< • FHA Ready To Aid Families Build Homes (Special fniTaapiMMlii 11) WASHINGTON — The Federal Housing Administration of the National Housing Agency will en ter the post-war period in a strong financial position to aid private enterprise in providing homes for America, FHA Commissioner Ray mond M. Foley said. FHA will be ready to back private lending in stitutions with authority to insure more than $2,000,000,000 in loans to help families build, buy or im prove their homes. In addition, by Act of Congress the President is empowered to extend to the FHA authority to insure another $1,000,000,000 for hdme financing. Since it began operations FHA has helped more than 6,000,000 families to build, buy or improve their homes. Private financial in stitutions operating under the FHA program have advanced more than $8,000,00p,000 to make this possible. Over $3,600,000,000 of i these loans have been liquidated. I FHA’s authorisation to insure I loans on existing houses extends to July 1, 1946. There is no time limit on insurance of loans for new construction. FREE PAMPHLETS OFFERED BY JEWISH LABOR GROUP New York City. — Jhe Jewish Labor Committee, ia the course of expanding its activities has just published iff article by AFL Pres ident William Green in pamphlet form on the subject of racial and religious tolerance. Free copies of this pamphlet can be obtained by writing to Labor Reports, Room 406, 176 East Broadway, New York 2, N. Y. Native sparrows save farmers 86 million dollars a year by de stroying weeds and seed insects. Henry Wallace Says Jobs Will Be Available New York.—Henry A. Wallace, Secretary of Commerce, tonight joined with the Committee for Economic Development, a nonpo litical organisation of business men, fan predicting that approxi mately 58,500,000 jobs would be available in the first year after re conversion. Hie job estimate was made in a radio broadcast (ABC) by Thomas G MacGowan, head of the C. E. D.'s marketing committee and' in charge of marketing research for Firestone Tire and Rubber Com pany. The broadcast originated in New York. Wallace, who partciipated in the broadcast, said the estimate was “confirmed by a recent survey of the investment! planned by man ufacturers, made by the Depart ment of Commerce." MacGowan said he based his prediction on a survey made among 1,400 manufacturers. He declared that 13,500,000 industrial workers would be needed in the first year after reconversion, and added: “It seems reasonable to forecast that the 18,600,000 jobs in manu facturing industry would be about one-fourth of total employment outside the armed forces. Conse quently, total civilian employ ment might vary between 51,000, 060 and 67,000,000. Oar best guess is a figure of 68,600,000.“ Wallace said “there is in sight now a demand for almost 32,000, 000 cars," adding that “to build up to this level would require an output of over 6,000,000 cars a year for about four years.” He said the accumulated demand for such durable goods as refrig erators, radios and vacuum clean ers probably would equal that for automoblies. In housing, Wallace declared, “It will take much long er to work off the pent-up de mand.” Three Members Are Nqmed To W a r Labor Board Atlanta — Appointment of the three new member* of the Fourth Regional War Labor Board, which has jurisdiction over wage disputes and wage stabilisation matters in eight Southeastern states, was announced last week by Chairman M. T. Van Heck*. The new members are Thomas O. Moore, secretary and general counsel of the P. H. Hanes Knit ting Co. of Winston-Salem, N. C., and Charles Stuart Broeman, pres ident of the American Bakeries Co. of Atlanta, who will represent industry, and Russell Brown of Richmond, Va., secretary-treasur er of the Warehouse Employees Union (AFL), who will represent labor. At the same time Van Hecke announced the resignation of sev en former members of the board. Included was Industry Member Sidney M. Cone of Greensboro, N. C., and Labor Members H. Ar dema of Hampton, Va. Industry members announced the, appointment of C. H. Camp-': bell of Hartsville, S. C., as' chairman of the industry group to succeed Robert E. Brumby of Ma rietta, Ga., and appointment of Frank Constangy of Atlanta as vice-chairman of the industry group. Thirty-six hold-over board mem bers have been reappointed to serve on the tripartite board dur ing the reconversion period. - - Each inhabitant of sparsely settled Greenland would have 400 square miles each if the land were evenly divided. The only lower animals that kill for the love of UUiw. U the weasel. . '! n r OP A Chief Says-Rentals To Be Controlled Locally Age, Not Youth, Must Be Served New York.—Startling new facts on the efficiency of men and wom en on the other side of 40 who have entered industry during the war may cause a decided shift in future employment policies ac cording to a report made here to day. Recent surveys made independ ently and by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics are analyzed and reported in an article, “Old Age and Industrial Efficiency,” in the September issue of The American Mercury. The results of one sur vey made by Professor Armstrong McFarland of Harvard, which are borne oat by other surveys in the labor field, reveal that: Mill hands over sixty suffered only half as many accidents as those in their twenties. As automobile drivers oldsters between forty and sixty are safer than youngsters. On most mental tests in critical judgment and learning ability men and women between thirty-five and sixty-five rate just as high as those on the sunny side of thirty. Oldsters are more stable than youngsters —change their jobsI less. Practically all investigations found that there was much less absenteeism, fewer quits and leas turnover in workers among the older groups than with those of young years. In one study of a group in their fifties the best quarter of the group had keener vision than the average man in his twenties. Oldsters, as pilots, actually stand up better under high alti tude flying than younger men and are less likely to faint t>r collapse. One airline is so pleased with the performance of older aviators that it has 100 pilots over forty-five. “Almost 26 per cent of our pres ent population is now past forty five,” the article notes. "Accord ing to reliable statistics, most of them will live to beyond sixty. With the tremendous progress that is being made in health and sanitation, scientists freely predict that in another four decades men and women over forty-five will form nearly half the population and that 16 per cent of our total population will be sixty-five or over. “If society returns to its dis crimination against older workers now that the war is over it h»d better begin making ambitious plans to do something about them. It would be foolish for it to under take the support of a full fofirth to one-half of its population that is mostly able and willing to sup port itself. The politicians, as well as the sociologists, had bet ter take note also. The forty-six age group will represent a huge block of votes, and will be in a position to wield great political power.” A New American Doctrine More rapidly than many of us had supposed possible, we are form ing a new American doctrine. It is the doctrine of full employment, the right of every man to f, job— if he wants one. This has long been> a dream of those who toil for their living, the members of the Labor Unions of our country. Now it is being openly and frankly advanced by bankers, educators, and finally, by farmers. Secretary of Agriculture Ander son is a farmer, and this is what he told a Senate committee the other day: “The right to a job is important to the preservation and sound functioning of democracy as are the time-honored rights of free speech, a free press and freedom of religion.” '' ‘ < “Now that the country has en tered into a new peace era and the public appears eager, to relax a bit, the need for vigilance on the part of the Office of Price Admin istration is seen against the ugly backdrop of our experience follow ing the Armistice of World War I when prices rose to undreamed-of heights,” Theodore S. Johnson, Raleigh District OPA director, said yesterday in a statement re garding the critical situation in the housing industry. On the subject of OPA’s plan to strengthen rent controls in eastern North Carolina,- the district direc tor said: “Families who live in rented gs must be protected any unnecessary inflation of rentals. Thousands of work ers are going to be looking for new places to live. Returning veterans and their families will need living quarters while they are getting re-established as civilians. To safeguard their futures, we are going to hold rent controls firstly until tenants have the opportunity to bargain with their landlords as they did before the war. We will be able to lift area rent control area by area as soon as there are enough dwellings in each area to satisfy the demand for living quar ters. “We have been alarmed by the growth in the number of workers who have been threatened with eviction from their homes on flim sy pretexts. Many soldiers’ wives have been told by t^pir landlords that they either had to bay the home at inflated prices or get out. These unfair practcies must be halted at once. They have added one more great measure of inse curity in the lives of too many people. “We are determined to take vig orous action to put a stop to trumped-up, heartless evictions. We have called in the real estate trade for immediate consultation to discuss particularly the new regulation extending the period required for notice of eviction from 90* days to six months. “Our forthcoming program of dollar-and-cent prices on many building materials and services will help landlords to maintain and build dwellings at costs which will keep present rentals profitable. This program will also help keep rentals from being forced to ab normally high levels from which they would have to crash later. Secretary Omboum Planning For A Label Exhibit St. Louis.—I. M. Ornburn, Sec retary-Treasurer of the Union Label Trades Department of the AFL, in a letter to John I. Rol lings, executive secretary of the Central Trades, announced that he will visit St. Louis in the near future to discuss arrangements with Rollings and Ray Joyce, sec retary of the St. Louis Union Label Trades Section, for holding a national Union Label Exposition here. At a recent meeting of the Executive Board of the Depart ment at Washington, D. C., the city of St. Louis was selected a* the place for the next national exposition. The last label exposition was held prior to the war at Cincin nati, Ohio. In connection with this exposition, the AFL Women’s Auxiliaries will also hold their national convention here. V The average person takes 18 thousand steps daily, and walks 65 thousand miles in a lifetime. There are 250 razor motions and 450 scissors snips in an average haircut.
The Charlotte Labor Journal and Dixie Farm News (Charlotte, N.C.)
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Sept. 20, 1945, edition 1
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