AND DIXIE FARM NEWS
CHARLOTTE. N. C„ THIRSDAY. JUNE 5, lt5J
- i-. | * - - | - - , ~ i *—.r- -.
Ike Sheds Uniform And
Jumps In Political Boil
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower came home, took off his uni
form and put on the gloves for the first political battle of
his life.
His chief political opponent, Ohio’s Sen. Robert A. Taft,
got in the first blows by charging in a radio address, timed
to coincide with Ike’s homecomnig, that America’s air force
deteriorated while Eisenhower was Chief of Staff, that the
general has set up only 19 divisions in Europe as against
the Soviet’s 200 and that he is too closely identified with
the Administration’s foreign policy to become the Republican
Party’s standard-bearer.
Eisenhower is expected to counterattack strongly in
speeches as the campaign progresses.
The general was welcomed oy
President Truman and want with
him to the White House where
the President showed Eisenhower
around in a one-hour personally
conducted tour.
Now that he knows what he
is gunning for, the general is
expected to flght hard. Handi
capping his chances for the Re
publican nomination was Taft’s
capture of delegates in Texas,
Georgia, and Louisiana by meth
ods widely condemned in the press
as a “steal.’* Meanwhile. Eisen
hower’s headquarters made ar
rangements for personal visits to
the general by Republican dele
gates in various parts of the
country, many of them expense
paid.
, -«* -
Democrats Mark Time.
While the fight for the GOP
nomination was being hotly wag
ed, the Democrats marked time.
It is still a wide-open race with
plenty of dark horses, so far as
the Democrats are concerned.
Vice President Alben Barkley, aa
expected, announced he would ac
cept the nomination if tendered
go him. Sen. Estes Kefsuver and
Mutual Security Chief W. Averell
Harriman were setting * slow
pace at the head of the field.
Much may depend upon whom the
Republicans nominate when the
Democrats meet in the same hall
in Chicago two weeks later. If
Taft is the GOP nominee, the
Democratic hopefuls will all be
'fighting for the chance to run
against him. If Eisenhowerh is
the Republican choice, j^ie num
ber of Democratic aspirants may
dpindle. • ' -
• .- ~
' Oil Bill Vetoed
President Truman vetoed the
Tidelands Oil Bill and the meas
ure went back to the Senate
where a crucial battle will be
initiated to re-enact the measure
by two-thirds vote over his ob
jections. The President said he
would be willing to support a bill
giving the three affected states
a 37 1-2 per cent cut of the roy
alties from tidelands oil. He also
favored the “oil for education”
Hill amendment, which would
make the oil revenues available
to finance better schools. The
President said the vetoed bill
would make an outright gift to
California, Texas, and Louisiana
of valuable off-shore oil lands be
longing to all the people of the
country.
Watering Down
Every day in delay by the House
of Representatives in passage of
the mine safety bill “invited far
ther disasters,” President Trumau
warned in an address before the
annual conference on industrial
safety. He urged piompt House
approval of the bill already passbd
by the Senate, but indications
were that reactionary forces in
the House may attempt to water
down the provisions of the meas
ure' , J ■ ■ ' ***- -
Labor Story Scotched
A completely baseless newspa
per story, circulated by at least
one major press association, in
formed the public that officers of
the International Association of
Machinists were negotiating to
leave the American Federation of
Labor and join the CIO. The
false repot was promptly scotched
by IAM President A1 Hayes, who
said: “We are doing what we
can to unite, not further divide,
the American labor movement.”
AFL Wins 2 Important
California Plant Battles
AFL unions W6ti two important California victories in
Natio»wl Labor Relations Board elections just announced.
*“ The Jtfteftiational Brotherhood of Electrical Workers,
-won over /he CJQ, 3 to 1, in an NLRB election for clerical
employes of vie.Pasific Gas k Electric Co., which serves 46
counties in CaHforn^u. y Physical! plant employes voted for
1BJEW representa^im previously, 4o that M*50p workers of
the system are now represented by the AFL umbn.
Railway Workers win
■The AFL Amalgamated Asso
ciation of Street Eectric Railway
and Motor Coach Employes in
Loa Anglees won 2 to 1 over the
CIO Transport Workers Union
for the right to represent the em
ploys of the Los Angles Transit
Lines. The rote was Amalga
mated 1.107; CIO 711; neither 17.
Another recent rote in which
an AFL union won over the
- CIO v*m* at Oakmont, Pa., where j
workers at the U. S. Gypsum
plant ehose the AFL Paper Mak
. are over the CIO Paperworkers.
iOfthe|27 who voted, HO de
clared for AFL representation.
Regional directors certified
' NLRB elections involving:
Raytheon - Manufacturing Co.,
Waltham, Rasa., Lodge 1836 of
Diet. 38 of the IAM. 258 votes;
Lodge 1508 IBEW 213 votes;
neither, t
Goodyear - Synthetic Rubber
■ Corp., Houston, Texas, Local 211,
United Association of Journeymen
and Apprentices of the Plumbing
■ and Pipe Ftting Industry of the
U. S. and Canada, 33; against 1.
. .National Vulcanised Fibre Co.,
Newark, Del., Inti Bro. of Pulp,
Sulphite| and Paper Mill Work
era, and its local, 178; Local 144,
UE, 117; neither, 1.
American Paper Products Co.,
Waltham,*' • Mass., Inti. Fro. of
Paper Makers, Local 873, 14;
United Paper Workers, CIO, 12.
Cease and Desist
NLRB decisions and orders in
cluded one ordering Pierce Bros.
Mortuaries, Los Angeles, Calif.,
to cease and desist' from discours
ing membership in Mortuary Em
ployes Union, Local 151, Firemen
and Oilers, AFL, with an offer
of reinstatement with back pay
to flee employes.
The textile workers* organisa
tion dries figured in the inter
mediate reports. Trial Examiner
C. W. Whittemore recommended
I in the case of Lingerie. Inc., Mor
ganton, N. C., that the company
bargain collectively upon request
with the AFL Textile Workers,
offer reinstatmeat with back pay
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Reds Meeting Defeats
In Western Reprisals
The Communists were trying to get even for the allied'
peace contract with West Germany. They cut communica
tions between West Germany and East Germany, ruled that
no one can travel in East Germany without a permit—
thus cut off West Berliners from going to work in East Ber
lin. They threatened another blockade of the Germans in
isolated West Berlin. But one man in the West struck back.
Antoine Pinay, premier of France, once timid and unknown,
imprisoned Jacques Duclos, secretary-general of the French
Communist party, most powerful in the Western world. Pin
ay ordered raids on C. P. offices throughout France and
seized carloads of party documents.
The excuse was Communist
demonstrations against arrival of
Gen. Matthew Ridgway. as new
commander of NATO forces in
Europe. The Reds, whose line
now is to charge the U. S. with
bacteria warfare, called him “Le
General Microbe.”
The result was the breakup
of the demonstrations, and fail
ure of a proclaimed general
strike, even though the French
Reds with 600,000 cardholders
control the General Confedera-*
lion of Labor with 3,000,000 mem
h*™- . « U , -
A later result may be a life
sentence for M. Duclos. once No.
1 Communist of the Westep
World, the man whose word oust*.
id Earl Browder As head of the
ili & §6mfnuflist party. He is
charged witt) plotting against the
national security.
New Prisoner Policy
Coddling of Red prisoner* irf
Korea is over. The policy that
led to the capture of U. S. Gen.
Dodd and mob rale within the
compounds is coming to an end.
UN soldiers with bayonets Mid
tanks knocked down a flag pole
flying a Communist banner and
yanked down and burned insulting
Red slogans. Compounds are ha*
ing broken into smaller units, Red
dictators within the compounds
isolated. Wtih no UN control of
many compounds, much of the
prisoner poll is now disclosed to
hare bean an estimate. UN dele
gates at Panmunjon, tgying to re*
gain lost ground, dared the Reds
to accept a rescreening.
/ Unity la Italy
The two anticommunist trade
unions in Italy should work to*
getber “in good faith on the basis
of unity of action so as to has*
ten the day wtyen organic unity
will be achieved,” the AFL and
CIO, in a joint statement, told the
CI8L and UIL in Italy. The COIL,
the Commie union in Italy, to still
the largest and most powerful.
To help the workers of Italy
achieve free trade unionism, the
CISL and UIL were urged not to
attack each other, encroach on
each ether's membership, abstain
from co-operation with the CGIL,
and to work together in good
faith in the interests of the Ital
ian working elas*. Both also
were advised to be active and co
operate in politics, but to retain
independence from any party.
Ana' Panker Oat.
One of the most colorful Beds
was Ana Pauker. The massive,
mannish-looking woman spent
World War II in Moscow, came
back to her native Romania with
the Russians, became vice pre
mier, foreign minister, and boss
of the Romanian Communist
party. She was the most power
ful woman behind the Iron Cur
tain. But then the Bucharest ra
dio announced that Ana had been
dropped from the Romanian Pol
jtboro and the secretariat of the
party. Two other top-ranking
Reds were also dropped.
-
Rhee Canoes Uproar.
Syngman Rhee, for 36 yean
leader in exile of the Korean In
rfdNwdeaee movement, has been
preeidOM el Korea since it be
came a republic. Sometime be
fore June 28, the assembly is
scheduled to elect « HOW presi
dent, and the assembly is net
Rhee-minded. Rhee charged a
Red plot, proclaimed martial leW,
arrested 12 assemblymen, asked
that election be by the people.
T
CONVENTION SHIFTS
TO UNION HOTEL
Portland, Or*? — Because thU
city lack* uniota hotel accommo
dations, the AFL Northwestern
Council of Lumber and Sawmill
Workers convsntiotf has shifted
to Tacoma, Wash. Headquarters
will be in the Winthrop Hotel,
operated by Scett Miles, whose
former hotel in Missoula, Mont.,
housed the council’s 1944 conven
tion.
TEACHBB8 SUCCEED
Baltimore, Md.—After years of
battling with the pension board
of the school syStom, AFL Teach
ers have succeeded in electing a
union-sponsored member, with
the local's interests due for gross
er consideration.
■ ... 'V.,.
More than any other emblem
the Union Label insures security
for America.
Court Denies
•Honoring 01
Picket Lines
NEW YORK CITY.—A funda
mental union principle—that un
ion men don’t cross picket lines—
was repudiated by the United
States Court of Appeals here.
The court based its decision on
its interpretation of the Taft
Hartiey Act.
According to the court decision,
an employer has a right to die*
Charge a union employe who, ta
the performance of his duties, re
fuses to cross the picket line of
another union at a customer’s
plant.
NLRB Asked Order
The decision was against the
National Labor Relations Board
which had asked for an order to
enforce its ruling that the em
ployer must reinstate the employe
with back pay.
The decision was unprecedented
and if upheld. It may hare far
reaching effect. The right of a
union man not to cross a picket
line has never before been de
| nied, nor assumed subject to chal
lenge.
AFL attorneys in commenting
on the action, said that the Ap
peals Coart decision shows how
bod the Tsft-Hsrtley Act is... It
shows how this antiunion act can
be interpreted.
NLRB is studying the decision,
and conai&fMf > «ppeal. SiflcC
| the Supreme Court fSCSes
next month, it is not iik&jf tiiftt j
it will be able to consider aild j
decide the issue until the next!
term opens.
Charles Waugh, chauffeur-route
man for the Rockaway News Sup
ply Co., distributors of newspa
pers and magazines in Long
Isfoftd and Queens, was dis
charged March S, I960, for re
fusing t& Cross a picket line.
Majority Opinion
Waugh, ad employe of the
Rockaway News for 7 years, was
a member of the Newspaper and
Mail Deliveries Union of Now
York and Vicinity, an independ
ent union. He refused to Croats:
a picket line set up by the Nah-j
sau County Typographical Union !
outside the Nassau Daily Review I
Star, Rockville Center, L. £
The court decision was 2 to 1. j
In the majority opinion, Judgr Al
bert B. Maris and Judge Harrie
B. Chase said:
“An employe is of course free
to exercise his right to refuse to
cross a picket line when he Is off
his own time and bis discharge
for doing so would doubtless be
a violation of the (Taft-Hartley)
Act.
"But he is net free to exercise
the right daring his working time
in violation pf his employer's
working rales by reAssing te per
form that part of hie’ regalsr
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i.TlnifcUIAlE ArrKUVAL W U PER CENT WAGE
INCREASE FOR ALL tJ. S. WORKERS DEMANDED
Immediate approval of an 11 per cent wage increase for
all American workers on the basis of productivity gains in
the *.ist two years was demanded by the American Federa
tion of Labor at a hearing before the Wage Stabilization
Board.
The case for productivity increases was presented to the
WSB by Boris Shishkin, AFL economist.
“We ask,” he said, “a general policy making all workers
eligible for productivity increases of 11 per cent without
submission to the board to be promulgated at the earliest
possible date.
“This is the only equitable way,” he went on, “to enable
all workers to catch up with their share of the productivity
gains of the past two years.”
Shishkin reminded the board
that it had developed a policy
permitting wage increases based
on productivity in agreements ex
ecuted prior to Jan. 26, 1951.
“Under this policy, some work
ers were permitted to share in
the benefits of increased produc
tivity, while others were denied
any part of such benefits.”
The proposed action by the
board, it was declared, “would at
this time constitute a Just, sound
and enlightened step toward a
better wage stabilisation.
“It would be a step from which
business, labor, and all Americana
would benefit."
[luring the two-year period from
1949 to 1951, the AFL represen
tative pointed out, the index of
productivity for the private econ
omy of the country showed an
increase of ll.fi,
“We feel therefore,” Shishkin
said, “that there is both a justi
fication and necessity for the
board to issue a general regula
tion permitting productivity wage
increases of 11 per cent at this
time.”
Shishkin pointed out that such
wage increase ; would not be in
flationary. The productivity in
creases reflect more efficiency in
the economy, he said. Mechani
sation is a factor, but so are
more efficient use of materials,
better utilisation of fuel and pow
er, standardisation of parts and
processes, simplification of pro
ducts and methods, and other.
factors.
Such efficiency advances in the
past, it was noted, had produced<
growth in the American economy,
hut no inflation. One example
ciren made the point that between
1840 and 1914 weekly wages per
employed worker increased t I-*
times. Bat wholesale prices in
the 1919-14 period were at tbej
same general level as malnlalnetl
la the 1949*9# period.
"Increased output per man per
hour,1* declared the AFL econo
mist, “made it possible to more
than double the level of money
wages, as well as money incomes
generally, without increasing
prises. ,
“Most important of all, the se
suiting expansion in buying pow
er made it possible to sustain the
increased volume of production of
goods and services and thus
achieve a balanced rise in the
standard of living.'*
Notion Proved Erroneous
Shishkin referred to the argu
ment that productivity gains
should be reflected in decreased
prices rather than in increased
income. He said that this notion
has proved erroneous, “because
it was static. It aimed at the
stability not only of the price
level, but of the 'dhole economy,
and overlooked the dynamic
forces which generate economic
growth.”
In the case of some products,
when a drastic technological
change is involved, competition
may bring lower prices, but the
general rule dees not hold, and
is not advisable, it was argued.
This was declared true: I. Be- *
cause it is not possible to be cer
tain that lower prices will re
sult, The press uses as* nob pres
ent #n the aide of the consumer
to compare with the monopoly
and quasi-monopoly factors pres
ent. “Collective bargaining on
the other hand, provides a de
vice to translate increased pro
ductivity into increased wages,"
it was said.
2. The reward for increased
productivity should be shared.
Sharing acts as in incentive.
3. “Passing along the benoita
of increased productivity stkoa
la tee the active producers, eater*
prisera, owners of equities, as well
as wage and salary workers, while
assuring stability te bond held*
ers, mortgage holders, and hoU*
ere of other debt.
"It also becomes possible for
tax revenues to rise more rapidly
than national Income even with
fixed ten rotes. .
“Our country’s advance *y
,.°rU !»d,r,h|p ta
l-fih oi goods and services and in
the standard of living is the result
of a sustained rise in productivity
and an equitable distribution of
ite benefits." the APL represen
tative reminded the board.
Fate Oi Tidelands Oil
Bill Rests With Senate
i
Fate of the controversial off-shore oil lands bill depends
on the Senate and Senate Majority Leader Ernest McFar
land said the vote will be close. He doubted that the Senate
would pass the measure over the President's veto.
President Trumen, (peeking K
• convention in Washington of
Americans for Democratic Ac
tion, announced that he would
veto the bill. He said it was
“robbery in broad daylight—and
on a colossal scale/’
The minerals that lie under the
sea off the coasts of the nation j
belong to the Federal government j
—“that b, to all the people of!
this country,” the President de- j
dared. He pointed out that the J
Supreme Court had affirmed this j
in 1947 and I960. The rights to j
the submerged lands might be j
worth as much ns $40 billion, the ;
President said.
The bill that passed the House j
247 to 89, or with 23 more votes
than the two-thirds majority
needed to override a veto, and
which was passed by the Senate,
60 to 85, or seven short erf a two
thirds majority, would nullify tho
Supreme Court decision!.
Another bill, which would here
uaed the oil revenues for educa
tional purposes in all 48 states,
was sponsored by Sen. lister
Hill, (D.. of Ala.) and IS other
Senators of both parties.
Rep. Mike Mansfield (D., Mont)
offered the Oil for the Lamps of
Educational Bill in the House.
“If the eeto can be sustained,**
said Hill, “we will promptly re
introduce our education proposal
and carry on the fight to use this
great wealth for America’s school
children.” *
VICTORY CLAIMS
Supporters of Sen. Robert Taft
(R-, Ohio) hare long been claim
ing nomination on the first ballet
for the Republican Presidential
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