. ''V
r f ' 1 I I.TT
" ;!
LMINCTON
- ---I'
3
ll -
VOL 1 XO. 210
SftUIKGTON, S. a, TUESDAY, SOVEUBEB 11, 18G5.
l"ivi
i
hit
JLILJIIA
TIIL WILJMGTOJi HEBALD,
DAILY AND WEEKLT,
UOMAH COOK fc CO.,
.
EPITOttd AMD PKOPHIXTORS.
COOK. UUICI V. VOLBT.
Price ten cent
Til E DAILY HERALD
t printed every morning (Sunday's excepted.)--Terms
tlO per year; $5 for six month; $1 per
iaoni.il- i
THE WEEKLY I1ERALD j
I i printed every Saturday. . Terms $2 50 per year ;
jl 50 for Vu months; $1 00 for three months!,
jo 00 per month. !
Tli Sunday Morn ins Herald,
a rnarmoth family and literary newspaper, is
' -, i . tii ' .
..rinted ery ounoay morning.
M-r copy.
1 JOB HORK
eatly and promptly executed.
Wilmington Post Office. 1
Office Hours 9 a., m. to 5. p. m.
VnRTnEs, Eastern and Western,
Ev (except Saturday) at 3 P. M.
VeW YOUK AM EA9TEKN,
By Steamer Wednesday and Saturdays.
Soi-thern,
Daily at 6 P. M.
tVMMivr.TQN. CnAULOTTE A RUTHERFORD R.
Tiif-sdavs and Saturdays at 6 A.
Mailt Arrive.
Every morning except Monday,
'ew York,
Every Tuesday by Steamer,
Southern,
Daily at 3 P. M.
M.
R.
RAILROADS.
ME immNUTON HERALD.
WILKIlfGON, If C !f OTE3IIIEIL 14,
Wilmington and Weldon. Railroad
Company.
OrncE Chief Engineer and Scp't, ) j
Wilmington, N. C, Nov. 10, 1805. $
nHE tmdersigiied having returned from a long
X absence in providing a supply of rolling stock
and materials, hopes with the means obtained toi
be able to remove, promptly, all freight now on;
the road.
The patrons of the road are requested to make
th"ir wants ku,own to the undersigned, if there
has tceu any unusual delay. ,
Two add'uional freight trains have been this day
placed on the road, and will be permanently em
rlo.ved there. j
1 ' S. L. FREMONT, Supt. and Eng. i
. Vrhr I 'A 218-3t !
Wilmington and Manchester Railroad.!
OrncE Gen. Scpt. Wil. & Man. R. R., ) i
'Wilmington, N. C, Nov. 11th, 1865. j
rrqiE following ti ains are run on the Wilraing-i
X ton and Manchester Railroad, with following
connections :
Leave Wilmington doily at 6.00 A. M.
Kinsville - " 7.35 P. M.
Arrive at Wilmington daily at 3.05 P. M.
' Kingsviile " 1.25 A. M. ;
At Flortnce thctse trains connect each way with
trains on the North Eastern Railroad daily for
Charleston. At Kingsviile they connect each way
with traius on the South Carolina Railroad daily
lor Columbia and Augusta. In going to Colum
bia passengers stage from Hopkins' Turnout, on
South Carolina Railroad to Columbia, a distance
of twelve mile. In going to Augusta they stage
from Orangeburg, in South Carolina to Johnston's
Turnout, on South Carolina Railroad, a distance
of 5' miles. ;
At Florence these trains connect with the Che-
raw and Darlington Railroad, which road runs up
o Cheraw Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays,
and down from Cheraw to Florence every Monday,
Wffrfnfsdav and Eridav.. There is dailv stacc con
nection from Sumter, S. C, to Camden, 8. C., con
ncctiiiL' with these trains. The steamer connect-
iiii; with these trains arrives anil departs from the
W. & W. 11. R. wharf. The freight office of the
CuBQuanv is. lor the present, on Water street, at
the w harf formerly used by steamer North Caroli
na, running to Fayetteville. The office of the
iWidnit, General Superintendent and Treasurer,
for tin: urescnt. is on the southeast corner oi
Water and Chesnut streets, up stairs.
HENRY M. DRANE,
Gen. Sup't.
Nov. 13th 218
Wil., Char, and Rutherford Railroad
Office Wil., Char. & Ruth. R. R. Co., ;
Eaurixburg, N. C, Oct. 18, 18C5. S ;
N ADJOURNED MEETING of the Stock
Ix. holders of the Wilmington, Charlotte & Ruth
erford Rail Road Company will be held at Lin
Colnfon, N. C, on Thursday, January 18th, I860.
WM. H. ALLEN, Secretary, j
Oct. 20th. ' ' 303-s !
Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, j
Office W. & W. R. R. Cc, ) i
Wilmington, N. C, Nov. 4, 1865.
1"HE thirtieth annual meeting of the Stockhol
. der of the Wilmington and Weldon railroad
company will be held in Wilmington on Wednes
day the d inst. L .
J. W. THOMPSON, Sec'y. !
Nov. 6 . 211-tm. ! '
Goldblioro' News, Tarboro' Southerner, Raleigh
Standard and Sentinel, copy.
A Few Thing; by the Way.
There is a ftime in one's life when they are
disposed to Xeel no better because of the many
ridiculous and obnoxious things that meet the
eye and ear, and there is anetber time too when
such things are to be passed by without com
ment and unnoticed. This is just one of the
first named of these fitful periods, when ideas
can, no doubt, be forced upon the general out
side reader with some show of their good intent
and propriety.
In ah . article about the fire companies last
night, and in the hurry of the moment, the negro
companies were alone held up as not doing their
duty, and in a measure somewhat unjustly, and
with the appearance of prejudice against them
because of their being black, which is not the
case. They have heretofore maintained their
places in time of need, and would have met this
alarm in the same spirit as ever, if provided
with something to have done so with. Their en
gines are out of order : they have no hose, and
we fear these facts have somewhat impaired their j
organizations and efficiency, for it is evident no i
company can be kept together without a chance
to do something. It is all a voluntary service, of
great labor at times, but one in which pride
has always been exhibited, but we fear that the
interest has somewhat worn off. All this is
equally applicable to each company in the city.
Last spring we were disposed to haul this ques
tion of efficiency of fire organizations up before
the public, and it is well recollected what an
amount of abuse was thrown at our heads for the
trouble. This did not amount to anything with
us if we succeeded in the project of refitting and
organizing these companies. Some, if not all of
the members, were almost " fighting mad" at
what was said, and we are not so sure but that
our worthy old mayor himself did not teel a lit
tle sensitive about this matter. A call was im
mediately made upon the chief engineer of the
fire department for the requirements of these
companies, and it was furnished, so we hea-, still
we are now in the. beginning of winter without
being one whit belter off in this particular than
we were six months ago. We believe we are
really worse off, for at that time two or three
of the companies were willing to do, but at pre
sent it appears as if they had lost all interest be
cause, as we have said above, of this indiffer
ence tc their wants. We have now a lazy, shifty
set of loafers in the community, who are nrne j
too good to do.. anything that is mean, and who j
have only managed to get along during the past
because of its being warm weather. The winter
is coming on and these scamps having nothing to
do, and nothing to eat, must resort to their
rascality, the approach to which, it has been
noticed, they are fast drifting by nightly
attemps at. burglary. We must expect them
to go to extremes, aud we must prepare lor it
without the.least disguise, as they are not to be driv
en off under any circumstances. If preparation
is not made to meet their depredations some one
will be responsible for greater disasters than our
city has ever before suffered. Some may say
it is wrong to publish such a statement and un
necessary : Be this as it may, with due respect
to the city authorities, they need a little jogging
up occasionally upon important matters connect
ed with city necessities.
' We don t believe in broken doses, and the fur
must fly while the fight lasts, so we will call their
attention to another very important matter. A
lady said a few days ago that she feared to go on
the street now-a-days, lest she would come in
contact with some drunlfen character. This is
true in a great measure. Every day, low, drunk
en fellows are prowling the streets of the city,
annoying the better class of society. Why are
they not arrested 1 We saw one yesterday walk
up to a party of gentlemen and disperse them by
his vulgar blackguardism and indecent manner,
and a policeman was within three feet of them
at the time, and never .pretended to molest him
for it. This may have been his own fault ; but
the same fellow was travelling "about late in the
afternoon, shocking every one's ears who had the
least regard for decency, by his wholesale swear
ing and vulgarity. Thase things would not be
tolerated in New lork or Jelsewhere. Common
prostitutes of both colors are night after night
seen, prowling about the public places. They
are great nuisances, and should be kept in their
proper places ; if not, then the guard-house is
the best suited for them.
Our city is getting really no better in an ele
vated view. The war is over and it is now time
that a stern mind be set to work to regulate the
disorders that are left in its tread. I can be
done, and it should be done, before these evils go
too far for correction. These remarks are not j
intended in an unkind spirit, nor by way of mor- ;
alizinff. Thev are felt to be the necessities that j
demand correction
sense.
TIE : LATEST Mm
BY TELEGRAPH
LATER FROM EUBOPE.
Reconstruction of the British
Cabinet.
The French to Withdraw from
Mexico.
FOREIGN COMMERCIAL AND
CIAL INTELLIGENCE.
From Sew Or lean.
FINAN-
SPECIAL SESSION OF THE LOUISIANA
LEGISLATURE CALLED.
island required protection, and he was makiag
j its gis. So be went on like the men who threw
up Lne Charleston redoubts; and for fear he
; would be too late to his task be left his bed in
j the asylum altogether, and built himself a hut
! close to his placeof labor. Here he slept and
; dwelt in the company only of his assuring con
! science ; and when at last his path was done be
j set to work at his fort.
j The result of all these years is before us ; his
battery is sodded green, with parapet, bern, ditch,
j magazine, revetments, abattis, and it mounts
! mock or Quaker guns, upon carriages of capital
j construction, looking up from the sound towards
iieu uate. like real arbiters of dominion.
The old lunatic is worn and failing, but be is
not satisfied. His fort is done, but not his
! whole duty. So he has projected a water battery
ami sea wall around the entire island, and means
to bring to bear upon it all the knoweldge of
Nauban and Todleben. When the island is im
pregnable he will wrap his mantle about him and
die at his battery.
For the truth "of all this story let anybody
passing up the East river look upon the island
tip and see the old man ditching and building,
and the little fort close beside him bristling with
popguns.
FROM EritOI'E.
- Sandy Hook, Nov. 12.
The steamer City of Washington, from Liverpool,
with dates to the 1st inst., v. a Queenstown 2d,
has arrived.
Spain and the Slave Trade.
Liverpool, Nov. 1.
It is stated that Spain intends taking energetic
measures for the suppression of the slave trade.
Liverpool, Nov. 1 A, M.
Cotton Declined Id., closing with an upward
tendency. Sales for the last three days. 16,000
bales.
Breadstcffs Firm.
Wheat A trifle higher.
Petroleum Steady at 2s. lid. for refined.
Provisions Steady.
Produce Quiet.
The Liverpool markets were closed on Wednes
day. London Money market.
London, Nov. 2.
Consols For money 861(387. United States
five-twenties 63i64.
LIVERPOOL MARKETS.
Livf,rpool, Tuesday night.
The regular market since the Cuba mailed show
breadstuffs still advancing, wheat firmer ; provi
sions scarce, and all kinds advanced ; bacon quiet
and steady; sugar quiet; coffee steady ; rice firm
and inactive; rosin dull at 30; turpen tint flat.
later.
Liverpool, Nov. 2.
Cotton. Sales for the last two days 12,000
bales at a decline of Id. per pound, the market
closing with an upward tendency for American.
; Sales to exporters and speculators 5.000 bales,
; appaintly at a decline of 2d., viz., Id. on
; Wednesday ard Id. on Wednesday and Tlmrs-
1
the vert latest.
Farther Point, November 13.
The Belgium, with Liverpool dates to the 3d
arrived this 3 p. m.
Liverpool. November 3.
The cotton brokers' circular reports sales for
the week of 51 ,000 bales, including 1 6,000 to
speculators and 13,000 to exporters. The market
was firm and all qualities advanced to a trifling ex
tent early in the week, but subsequently was very
dull under the Persw'it advices from the U. States,
and closed ldl l-2d. lower for American and
Egyptian. Authorized quotations are fair
Orleans 23d.; middling Orleans "23id.; middling
Mobile and Texas 21 id.; middling upland 20id.
Sales to-day (Friday), 10;000 bales market
closing steody, with a better feeling. The stock
is estimated at 323,000 bales, of which 6-.000
are American.
The Manchester market is inactive.
United States five-twenties 63I&63I. I
News unimportant, 1
General News.
London, Nov. 2.
There is still no official news concerning the
ministerial arrangements.
Lord Clarendon is certain to be foreign minis
ter. The Globe claims forbearance for the recon
structed ministery until it shall be enabled to lay
before parliament a programme, upon the satis
factory character of which its existence will de
pend. The British government has ordered all restric
tions on American vessels of war to-be removed.
do not forget Sir Roundell Palmer, bat a lawyer
rarely speaks with weight on pureJy political
subjects, and it may be that the chance fJorhip
win be the condition of bis powerful support.
Little as Wf rn hrr tn uui Tnrit Rfeilv inin
liberal gor eminent, It is not easy to form, even i
in imagination, powerful liberal treasury buch, I get into pore a:
to meet the Lwmbardioent whkh we may soon
expect from the other side without him.
ku im an bosh. We aelfot r-ma-n tear
tion ; if any oc touch eaUlriak ot breathe
infection luaUer, L ipbUcxvii kiUs hiro. Tier
is no ?, r MtcTer .a macTMak'a
tabksp. fail of prttt:c add, but a tery fall
trlt? nfScient cause and TuTl." So xe bufht to
EPIDEMICS AD OTHER DEATH
PLAGUES.
and are so regarded in everv
Wil., Char, and Rutherford Railroad.
Okfici Wii... Char. fc Ruth. R. R. Co.
Laurinburq, Oct. 18th, 1365.
TN AND AFTER MONDAY, the 2'2nd instant,
J a PussiWftr Train will run over this road as
follows
SCBEDULT. .
Ud Train. Tnrsrtnv.
Thursday and Saturday.
Leave. .
Jilinington"8.00 A. M.
jWside. 9.00 "
nb Wost- -9.40 "
Jirlvillo.... 10.21 4fc
R'mdale-. -11.08
grown Marshll.38 "
BUcnhoro'. 12.10 P.M.
LumbrtTtnn . .i nm 41
om Neck.
!W Banks.,
oe Heel-taunntiurg
Arrive at
r.d Hill... ...4.00
1.40
2.10
2.30
3.04
Down Train, Monday,
Friday and Wednesday
Leave.
Sand Hill.. 7.00 A. XI
Laurinburg.--8.10 "i
Shoe ileel..--8.33 "j
Red Banks...--8.53 41
Moss Neck..--9.25
L umberton... -10.0J
Bladenboro'..10.56
Brown Marshll.27
Rosindale...--11.57 14
Marlville..--12.41 P. M.
North West.--1.24 "
Riverside..----2.00 "
to
and by
now in-sentence
il :
ill
it !
!
Arrivt at
Wilmington.. -3.00
So goo'Js will be taken by the above Train, ex
cpt at the option of the company, and then double
uUA, rates wiU De charge(J. 1
Freight Train will be run, making two trips
each woek, leaving Sand Hill Monday and Thurs
Jfay, Wiliniuo-t on Wednesday and Saturday. Up
"tights by this Train must be delivered pt the
jaiehouse by li o'clock A. M., on Friday, aid
D sunset on Mond:iyevening. I
.furnished on board the Boat connecting
fr! H? Trains. Breakfast on day of departure
mnu llmingion, and Dinner on day of arrival at
iitnmjton. . n
WM. H. ALLEN, j
Master of Transportation, j
203-a
Petition to the President. A petition
the president, endorsed by many of the most
influential citizens of the county,
the greater majority, jpf the city, is
circulation: asking commutation of
against McGill and McMillan, tried here before a
military commission some weeks ago, for the
murder of Mathew P. Sykes, of Bladin county,
in April last. Other counties in the state have
similar ones in circulation, and it is supposed
there will be fully ten thousand names sent for
ward pra ing in behalf of these men.
Lutelst via Liverpool.
Liverpool, Nov. 2.
The Paris correspondent of the London Times
says it is generally reported hi Paris, that the
French army in Mexico will be withdrawn by In
stalments, and that by August tnd September of
next year the w hole will have returned to France.
This resolution is said to have been adopted
not only from a desire to afford no reasonable
ground of complaint on the part of tho United
States, but also on economical ground-.
Leg;isla
Theatre. The appearance of Miss Ida Ver
non to-night, Will draw the largest audience to
the theatre this evening that has congregated
there for months. Decidedly the most i)erfect
actress ever on the Wilmington boards, she can
but prove a great success and a greater favorite
at every appearance.
:
Mayor's Court. A negro for stealing cotton,
by no means an extraordinary case at the mayor's
court, plead guilty of the offence and is on the
stool of repentence in the cell, w ith five days
rations of bread and water to help him along in
his endeavors.
Another black diamond, of rather rough exte
rior, for contempt of court,, was returned to the
cell for twenty-four hoursrwithout a trial of his
case.
Extra Session of the Louisiaiia
lure
New Orleans, Nov. 11.
Governor Wells, of Louisiana, has issued a
proclamation falling a special session of the
legislature cf Louisiana on the 2oth instant, ou
grounds of the greatest interest to ttie state.
He demands their presence until the state's sena
tors are admitted to congress.
ct. 2eth.
3itartngton and Weldon nilroadj
vVlUtisoxoj, & Wkldojj R. R. Co.)
Wilmington, Aug. 29, 18C5; J
fl I,,18 date Trains on this Road will run
a follows: ;- j
ifye Wilmington at 4 00 P. M.
Arrive at Weldon at 8 00 A. M.
ica.ve Weldon at 2 00 P. M. . . j v
Connnve at Wilmington at 5 40 A M. 1
and frnm &at Weldm both ways with traina; to
direct S v tes,?urg' by Gaton Ferry, and on
Goldaboro'ifw and Washington; connect4 at
Also com?. ?Uh drains to Raleigh and NewbeVn.
wo connects at Wilmimrtm, wifh th WllmnXn
mDU Atlanta. Savannah ftQ, i
"AVUfctVUV J 1 WVi
Eng, fc Sup
Hotel ArrUals
CITY HOTEL, NOVEMBER 13, 1865
Wm F Johnson
Atur 20 wk itl ' &- FREMONT,
30, 1865154. vnv A? r
D fiir, Philadelphia,
A W Noltlntf, Baltimore,
J N Edgar, ftoldeboro,
T J Lake, Harrold's Store,
Owen Fennell, N C,
J T Gidder, Clinton,
M H Hightower, Clinton,
A H CuttB, W & W Kit,
6 8 B rownaon, Sampson,
J Kerr, New Hanover,
E A Brown, to lx C,
J E Leggett, Washington.
O Williams & daughter,
Robeson eo,
Thou Weotcott, Smithville,
J M McGoan, do,
W Boy, Porland, Me,
8 A Lann, Co.nmbu co,
H B Gilt. Cichnond co,
W P Steer, Charlotte,
J C McLeod, Wilmington,
MiM F A McLeod, do,
7 Green, Brunswick co,
C B Cook, Fayetteville,
J E Purcill, Robeon co,
Mrs A E Wade & 2 child
ren, Carroll to. Mies,
T J Wood, Montgomery co
EY MAIL
From the Scieutitic American. '
Singular Life-Work, of a JLunatic.
Has any one noticed the miniature fort at the
upper end of Blackwell's Island, to the north of !
the lunatic asyiuml It is the work of an insane i
man, who has spent half of his life upon it. He j
iost his mind in Mexico, or somewhere else where
high privates were in ueuiand, ana just esceped '
being Mr. Armstrong, or Mr. Parrott, or Mr.
Whitworth, by going crazy.
Gunnery was what ailed him and fortifica
tions. As he was found to be quite harmless and
obedient to his monomania, they gave hi n en
trenching tools and told him to fortify the island.
He took the geographical and geological bearings
with the sagacity of a West Pointer, and con
cluded that any attack upon it would come from
the south. So he devised a seacoast battery,
with bomb-proofs, approachable -by a dyke with
sluices and gates, and mounting heavy ordi
nance. There never was a more patient worker for hu
manity or patriotism, than this poor addle head.
Nobody else being insane on the same point, he
could get no assistance. All the other monoma
niacs had oil on the brain, or poetry, or capital
punishment, or negro suffrage, and were quite as
devoted and zealous as he upon their claims.
So the old soldier, with a long sigh and a brave
heart, took up his single shovel and commenced
to build the whole fort by himself. He wheeled
barrow after barrow of earth into the sea, tugged
from morning till night, until at last he raised a
jbarrow causeway from the mainland toa rock
at the end of a long sand bar. With pebbles and
8hells,and stones'from the river, he walled this
causeway until it became permanent. All this
TVs T t-wt-! rrof Ana f Vi A African ornlArai- vaa a t i woo rtt. mtntTa'a nnr a vmt'q wrtrV rAan -T
Bombay at last accounts, averging for another year passed over his grey hairs, but he kept on
expedition into the interior of Africa. wheeling, wheeling. The great city on the greater
BAILEY'S HOTEL, NOVEMBER 13, 1865.
J is Uberry, Kobeson co,
R N Fairly, Richmond,
WBwain, Bmithville,
J C Graham, Robeson,
George Redmond.
W C Lane, Sumter, S C,
W R Johason, Va,
N Haight, Mich,
B 8 French, New York,
Jaa Terry -
FOGleaaon do,
Tlie Englian Pr ou the Successor ef
Lord lIuierstou.
The London Timet canvasses the fitness of va
rious English statesmen for the Premiership, and
cats its vote for Mr. Gladstone. It says:
"It cannot be denied that the expectations, if
not the confidence, of the country wait upon Mr.
Gladstone. Few, probably, are prepared to pin
their faith to him; many will entertain the most
serious doubts on the subject; but most w ill ad
mit that he ought to have a chance. In grasp of
mind, in political and economical knowledge, in
eloquence, he iz the first man of the liberal party,
and has a right to succeed to the highest office
in the state. He has served the country well, he
is fifty-six years old, and has spent the prime of
his life and used the best of his powers in official
work. He could not be expected to serve under
Lord Granville; and. though he might well r fiord
to hold office under Lord Russell or Lord Clar
endon, yet the appointment of either of those
statesmen would undoubtedly be held, a it would
probably be meant, to imply a distrust of his
fitness for the highest service of the state. We
are far from denying that Mr. Gladstone may
have given grounds for such distrust, and we
have sometimes been tempted to wish that some
portion of his eloquence could be exchanged for
qualities of a more solid though less brilliant
character; but, such as he is, it is impossible to
deny him the first place among the men of his
own age; and, after all, it is to men of the pre
sent, and not of an expiring generation, that the
country must look for its leader.'
Of Earl Russell the Times says:
" He has been premier before for nearly six
years, and he has held almost all the higher of
fices in the cabinet. He is a vigorous if not al
ways a discreet foreign secretary, a high princi
pled statesman, and, with all, a steady party
leader. In short, he is the Lord John Russeil
whom we have known all our lives cooled but
not cramped by age and honors, and no doubt
with a few years more good work in him. He
would probably make an acceptable leader to a
large proportion of the party, particularly to the
thorough-bred whigs, and he would not be un
popular in the country. It would, however, ar
gue no disrespect towards Lord Russell if the
claims of younger men should now be preferred
to his. Though 'weight,' as Lord Palmerston
himself obseived not long ago, is justly due and
is cheerfully given to age, yet. if the office of
prime minister is to be something niore than the
mere controlling power in the political machine,
the country has a right to expect the services of
men who have attained but not passed, the period
of their full intellectual vigor. If a man has not
wisdom enough for such an office at the age of
fiftv or sixty, he will hardly possess it at seventv;
while the additional experience which age brings I
with it will hardly compensate the less of that
bodily and mental vigor which a parliamentary
leader ought to possess, and which it has been
one of the wonders of our time that Lord Pal
merston should have exhibited so long. Lord
Russell is seventy-three years of age ; he has ex
hausted the varieties of office ; he has received
the highest honors the crown can bestow, and his
aspirations may now be fairly satisfied."
The same paper snubs Lord Clarendon :
" Lbrd Clarendon, who may be considered an
other candjdatg for office, is some years- younger
than Lord Russell: but, though an experienced
and able diplomatist, his official life has probably
made him more conversant with the ways and
manners of foreigners than of his own country
men, and he has, at least, given no proof that he
possesses those sympathies with English ideas
and habits which Lord Palmerston so pre-eminently
displayed, and without which no minister
can be popular in this country."
In another article the Times says : " Perhaps
there never was a time when augury was more
difficult. A new parliament, complications that
may lead to war, and a sudden termination of an
interregnum, as with truth the administration had
been called, constitute a new and inscrutible state
of affairs. How far there may be coming defaults
at- home can only be known at the meeting of
our new legislature.''
I The Times of the 22nd thinks that, should Earl
1 Russell fail in forming a ministry, a coalition be
I tweerf the diflerent sections of the liberals will
! become necessary, and that Lord Granville will
I probably be the person under whom the greatest
i number of men will serve.
The Daily Neus says that it is everywhere as
sumed that the administration will undergo re
construction onlv to the extent rendered necessa
ry by the appointment of a premier,
j The same paper, alluding to the claims of Mr.
i Gladstone, says : " We cannot for a moment ad
; mit that the appointment of Earl Russell to the
j premiership would in the least imply a doubt of
1 the fitness of Mr. Gladstone. There is no liberal
j government possible without Mr. Gladstone, and
; in any liberal cabinet Mr. Gladstone would enjoy
an authority second to none. there may be a
question, which of the earls shall lead the house
of commons. There is no reason why Earl Rus
sell and Mr. Gladstone should not work harmo
niously together the one representing the-high-est
authority of the government in the lords, and
the other doing the like in the commons. M
Referring to the reconstruction of the govern
ment, the Pall Mall Gazette says :
We must remember that if Lord Russell (or
Lord Granville), takes the premiership, the lower
house will be singularly weak in leading men,
and Mr. Gladstone practically will be almost
alone. The president of the council, the secre
tary at war, the first lord of the admiralty, the
foreign secretary, the prime minister, cannot all
be in the upper house, leaving the chancellor of
i the exchequer aided only by a colonial secretary,
j who is lucid but thin, and not a host in himself,
I and Indian minister who cannot speak, and a
home secretary who counts for nothing in debate,
j to defend the treasury bench in the lower. Mr.
I Villiers has ability, no doubt ; but be is a dry
; speaker and not an energetic statesman. It will
be absolutely essential to give Mr. Gladstone
some colleague of the first class of ability and
influence.
With Lord Stanley at the home office, the Mar
quis of Harrington at the war office, and a few
reinforcements from among the younger men of
proved ability as debaters, Mr. Goscben, say, if
not Mr. Foster or Mr. Stansfeld, to fill up the
places of those under secretaries whose chiefs are
in the lords, the liberals will be strong enough in
the commons. But Mr. Gladstone alone, or what
is nearly fhe same thing, along with Sir George
Grey, Mr. CardwelL Sir Charles Wood, Mr. Vil
liers and Mr. Milner Gibson could not easily de
fend the, treasury bench for a mingle session. We
Those cheerful philosophers who find a good
ness, a soul of goodness, in some things evil, and
et to work observingly to distil it out, may tell
us that there is some especial benefit in the
plagues which every now and then visit the earth ;
for it is certain that they are chronic, and not to
be avoided. We pray Tery properly to be deliv
ered from battle, murder, and sudden death, and
not less heartily to be delivered from all pestilence
and famine ; but we are never quite free from
these evils. Man is a grand creature, splendid
eveu in his obsequis ; but some sad snd hidden
trouble ever comes to whisper in his ear, like the
chamberlain of the eastern king, 'Sire, remember
you are mortal." Weil, we are reminded we are
mortal every day. Friends fall around, half that
j are born die early, not ten per cent reach sixty.
lhe Uvea that we do hve are often full of sorrow
and trouble ; but yet Man, the grand animal, as
pires and grows proud. He marries and is given
in marriage ; and has sons more numerous, than
the sands, "daughters that grow up like the'pol
ished corners of the. temple." He builds great
houses, large towns, settles kingdoms and em
pires; he does not bound his ambition by his life,
but launches out "
Into fantastic tchemea, which the long liver
In the world' haJ- and uudegeoerate days
Would scarce have time for.
Under such ambitious influence, Man is apt to
forget Providence or God, but at times he is
roughly brought round. He finds that he has no
Pistareen Providence, but a very terrible God
indeed, who, by rules long ago laid down, does
every now aud then teach Man to fear Him as
well as to remember Him. War, caused by the
ambition, folly, or over-reaching greed of Man,
slays its tens of thousands. Much as we have
advanced, we find war still in the world. With
the greatest riches and prosperity, with a free
dom bordering upon licence, America has plunged
into an internecine strife, and slain or in some
way destroyed perhaps a million of human beings,
and also much cattle. In China and the east war
has been going on chronically for years. Mr.
commissioner Yeh, who died a prisoner in Eng
lish hands, boasted of having executed 10,000
'Tebeis." How many the rebels have slain we
know not. Europe, after forty years of peace,
plunged into war, and many hundreds of thou
sands perished. Little wars in Denmark, Italy,
and the north of Germany have slain each its
quota. The population has been roughly kept
down : there is little chance of the superabundant
population so increasing that the fears of Malthus
should be realised. Peace possesses not the heart
of all of us, .and fear has now come among us
that another great "check" will add to the per
turbations of Man. This is pestilence; which
comes every now and then ; now less frequently
than then ; because Science has taught us to obey
more diligently the laws of Nature. But when
Man was beset and dazed by ignorance, Pesti
lence and Famine slew his children.
We have a sad chronicle of plagues. At Rome,
nearly eighteen hundrea years ago. a. d. bo, a
pestilence slew, we are told, 10,000 people daily
In the years 167, 169 and 189, pestilence again
ravaged the Roman empire. In Britain, a. d
430, so many people were swept away that there
were hardly enough left to barv their dead. At
Constantinople, 746-9, 700,000 people perished
In England, so William of Malmesbury tells ust,
the plague was so great in 772, that in and about
Chichester 34,000 people perished. In 1111,
Holinshed tells us of a dreadf ul iestilence in Lon
don, in which thousands of people, cattle, fowls,
and other domestic animals perished ; aud it is
said that at Paris and in the south of France the
same process has just begun by the death of the
fowls. In Ireland, in 1204, a prodigious number
perished. In 1340, the ' Black Death" raged in
Italy, and in IdW the plague, described by Boc
caccio, raged over Europe, causing a fearful mor
tality. We here in England suffered severely.
In London alone, in the year 1348, when the
plague at Florence, described by Boccaccio, took
place, 200 people were buned daily at the Charter-house.
Again we were visited by plague in
1367, Ireland in 1407, and again iu 1478, when
30,000 people were slain by pestilence in London
alone; and throughout England, more persons
were slain by disease than by the fifteen preced
ing years of war. In I486 we were cut down by
the Sudor Anglicut, the sweating sickness, and this
again broke out in 1499-1500. so dreadfully in
London that Henry VII. and his court removed
to Calais. And so on, we need not follow the
quick coming years that brought the trouble. In
1611, 200,000 perished at Constantinople. In
1664-5 the Great Plague, called so probably be
cause most remembered, carried off 68,696 per
sons ; Defoe gives the number at 100,000. "In
fants," wrote he, in a fiction unequalled for its
terrible pictures, save by the reality, "parsed at
once from the womb to the grave ; the yet heal
thy child hung upon the putrid breast of the dead
mother ; and the nuptial bed was changed into a
sepulchre. Some of the affected ran about stag
gering like drunken men, and fell and expired in
the streets ; while others calmly laid down, never
to rise again, save at the last trumpet. At length,
in the middle of September, more than 12,000
perished in one week ; in one night 4,000 died,
and in the whole, not 68,000, as has been stated,
but 100,000 perished in this plague. Theappall
ing cry, 'Bring out your dead !' thrilled through
every soul."
We must not be astonished if we bear that the
churches were full morning, noon and night, that
prayers were made that the Lord would stay the
plague, and that while religion may have com
forted some it is certain that superstition sat,
with its black load, upon the hearts of all, and
added to the horrors of the scene, lhis very
superstition killed its thousands. People in
fected with the plague ran to church, when they
should have died at home, and infected hundreds
when they could not save themselves. They
should have gone to church when they were
whole. Did they think that God wold hear their
prayers more readily from St. Paul's than from
their own chambers 1 Fanatics immediately as
serted that God was angry with Bis people, and
more than one assumed the character of pro
phet, and walked about the streets, like John of
Giscala at the siege of Jerusalem, calling out
" Woe, woe, woe upon this devoted city ! " So
fear sat upon the hearts of all, save where men,
bold with a worse fear, made "themselves drunk,
and revelled and noted in the midst of the dead
and dying.
And now one word or so about fear and out
ward religion in a pestilence. The London Time
recently resuscitated an old story, whkh deserves
telling again, although the teller and the writer
of it made a false application of the fable. A
traveller in the east, at the confines of a city, met
the plague. "Oh, stranger, said the .spirit of
the pest, " I travel towards this devoted city, to
kill five thousand people." And so he went his
way. As he came thence, the same traveller met
him. " But," cried the traveller, taking up the
conversation, " thou hast exceeded thy measure,
oh plague thou hast killed twenty thousand!"
'nay," was the solemn rejoinder, " I kept to my
promise of five thousand ; fear killed the rest."
Now the fable is very good for a Mussulman, who
believes in fate, but not for a christian. Accord
ing to the Turk, only those appointed to be slain
are slain by the plague, and the rest may remain
in safety, andwuhout fear. But science ells us
r"
t lOOU 5 pSSI3.e. Am JOT
tocr, it cannot, and never did kill any iet in an
ir.r.vt'aiu diseftM hke tL cholera. TJLer? are
predisposing caises for creiy auile instance;
and although it is very foolish to fear, and liiudi
beuer to do your duty, fear docs not kill ,yoa
with the plague of cholera. t H may weaken you,
render you less able to support the attack if at
tacked, but it will not induce the terrible disease.
Mere outward observance of religion are equally
out oi place. What one wants is a" true faith,
and true religion in the heart. Lord Palmerston
had in 1854 a passage at anus wun certain ocoicn
fanatics very good people no doubt, but not the
men for the case, who ordered all their people to
pray and fast when the cholera was prevalent
Praying was all very welL; but Casting was, to
those attacked, simple murder. The Scotch par-,
sons and ministers took it for granted " the cho
lera was the result of Divine anger, and was in
tended to chastise our mina,' In reply," continues s
Buckle, in his History Cmliirim, vOh lp.
594, " to a memorial to the English government,
begging it to set aside a day for national humilia
tion, they received a doctrine, which, to English
men, seemed right eoough, but which to Scotch
men seemed very profane. The Presbytery were
informed that the aflairs of this world are regu
lated by natural laws, and " the weal or woe of
mankind depends upon the observance of these
laws." The reply continued ' Lord Palmerston
would suggest that the best course whkh the
people of this country can pursue will be to em
ploy themselves In planning and executing meas
ures by which they can better lodge the poor,
and cleanse their city, so that those places which,
from the nature of things, most needs puxiflca-
tion and improvement, may be freed from those
causes of contagion which, if allowed to remain,
will infallibly breed pestilence, and be fruitful in
death, tpite of all the yrayert and fatting if
united but inactive nation. "
Now, had the theory of the Scotch presbytery
been true, Lord Palmerston should have died
that verv night of cholera, and the whole court
should have been swept out, by the Angel of the
Lord, for agreeing with Palmerston. But either
they were utterly in the wrong, or the messen
ger of an Almighty Power was so blind that he
passed over all the wicked great, ana seixea upon .
all the innocent poor ! And what right have we
to peep behind the curtain at the desigus of the
Almighty, and direct the thunders of his red
right hand Let science be the aid of religion.
Teach us how to pray, how to judge of God's
great power, of His infinite love also in giving la s,
the infraction of which brings certain purusn
nient, which punishment checks us and keeps us
in the right way. That the plague seldom falls
upon the wicked everybody knows. While Uie
innocent matron, and the child and nurse were
overwhelmed with fire at Pompeii, and died groan- ,
ing beneath the bunting lava of esuvius,arie
sceptical Pliny the Younger, the vicious soldier, -the
gladiator, gambler, aind worse knave, all es
caped. While the puritans, full of prayer and
righteousness in a corrupt and iooIimi city, ieu
in our plague in 1664, Charles II. and his vile
court, his mistresses, panderers, bullies and
cheats lived on in an enjoyment (so called) ren
dered more intense and reckless by the sufiering
of others. Religion, that is the mere open cele
bration of it, is useless in a iestllence ; whereas
the true religion, which feeds, cleanses, instruct
and comforts the oor, vhich makes us aware of
the beauty and health ojT cleanliness, utterly cuts
off and exterpates the root of e8t lence. It is
probable that many of our reader will pronounce
us very wicked when weltssert tliat the Blooms
bury flower show, and cleau room movement of
the last few years have done more to put a stop
to cholera, (by prevention), than all the crying
U saints, preachings and tastings put together,
all over the world liave done.
" Cauae produces effect," said a philosopher,
" and the efleei becomes in its turn the cause of
other effects." Iu the year 1864 the cholera
broke out in Soho. Hundreds were stricken
down. The temperate men, who drank water,
died seventy-five per cent! The beer and gin
drinkers did not Uie. The prayerful, good wo
men ere carried off in loste j the rackety, bad
men escaped. The people ou one side of a
street died; those on the other lived. One house
(let us say No. 1) lost father, mother, children
and servant; No. 2 was quite free. The vestry
deliberated, the parsons prayed and the old wo-'
men trembled. At last came a queer, scieutitic
doctor, who knew how to observe. " Gentle
men," said he to the vestrymen, " if you want to
stop the cholera, screw off the handle of the
Broad street pump." The chairman was indig
nant, the vestrymen laughed him to scorn; never
theless the magical doctor prevailed, todk away
the pump handle, and the plague was stayed,
'It was regularly knocked down," said a doctor,
it never killed one more man, woman or child.
Dr. Show knocked king cholera down with that
pumb handle. And how 1 Cause produces ef
fect, and effect is in its turn the cauae of other
effects." Keep this in mind. The pump water
was in general esteem, and either a cholera pa
tient had been brought to Soho, and the vomit
and washings poured into a drain whkh commu
nicated with the well, and thus impregnated it,
or, as others said, the well was decayed, and the r
soil of some pest-hole where the people who had
died from the plague had been buried mixed with
the water. Tb doctor going about found a
workshop used by teetotal tailors, each had his
little pan of water, nearly emptied, a great many
many of whom died; but a whole host of beer
drinking brewi rs were quite well. House No. 1
drank water only, aud its inhabitants died; house
No. 2 only boiled water or gin, and lived. The
right-hand street was supplied by the New River,
and was well; the left-hand side went to the
pump, and was scourged. Strangers-who drank
at the pump, the water whereof was " delicious,"
died. The only cholera case at Hampstead was
that of an old lady, to whom the carrier brought .
her favorite spring water three times a week.
The doctor followed the carrier, but it was too
late. The old lady had drunkthe poison, and
was dead; the servant, who was not so. fond of x
water, was very ill, she had just sipped it. Then
Dr. Snow determined to screw' of the pump
handle, and he saved the parish.
To this story let us add a few plain words as a
hint. Almost all great petilences are, like one of
the plagues of Egypt, preceded by a dying of cat
tle, and that cattle disease is preceded by a cor
ruption of waters, it is not improbable, although
by no means certain, for the stories of the cattle
disease are much exaggerated, that next spring
we may have the cholera with us. 'We should
therefore do our best to find out the cause of the
disease, to root it out, and the effect' will cease.
It is certain that it is already at Smyrna, in Con
stantinople, and in Egypt ; but it travels slowly.
Drs. H. Q. Wright and Benjamin W. Richardson
state that it is not contagious but infectious ; we
do not catch it from the air, we may catch it
from the person. " e can only eat, drink, biea the
that infection, or have it rubbed into us. We ,
therefore need not fear cholera patients or neigh
borhoods, but we must be cleanly ; excremen
tious matter, soiled cloihing, or food partly eaten
and rejected by cholera patients, is deadly r What
we want is ozone, not lime washing ; neverthe
less; cleanliness is a good thing. Fear cannot
kill us with cholera, yet it is bad and foolish.' An
attempt to improve others, to feed and clothe the
poor, to help up poor wretches from dirt .and,
squalor, will therefore do more good than .
prayer and separation from them; and faith must
yield to charity but does -it not always yield!
in staying a plague, which, after all, is not an
unmitigated evil, since it softens hearts that are
hard, and takes from a cruel world many of those
poor which that world treats so unkindly.
4
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