North Carolina Newspapers

; - . ( r ton Dispatch P A GES) TODAY I 3 SECTIONS 4l r,ir Slin- 2: Monday, and FULL LEASED WIRE SERVICE WlLMINS V IE No. 54. (XIV. kUpviki Proclamation L People to Arms Uuses the apirai ANS TRYING TO fjTOFF PETROGRAD ;.rs Advancing Along a ;haped hront ot IUU hi Are Only Eight Hours -n Petrograd CTORY OR DEATH. 4tl9lS. by the I mted Press) i M L 9 as "adopted the slogan nrv or death., capital is greatly arous ter the Bolsheviki procla im . ';ace delegates at rJrest- sk, discussing the ques i( peace or war, have set- k it is war. lie enemy will enter Pe- M only over our bodies. slogan is victory or &i 1918. by the United Press, izrad. March 1. German forces on Petrograd have begun circling movement to the South, !v with the intention of cutting capital from Moscow. ,tt' forces of the enemy are re moving toward Novo-Sokolni, t to sever the Petrograd-Mos- bilway. The Russians are of- stiff resistance. Russian rail- frorkers also have been ordered fctroy the bridge between Por- and Bologoye. pg of communications between brand Petrograd not only would ke an important source of mu- L and food supplies for the cap- eefenders. but would prevent hi of the government to Moscow. ition? already have been start- iandle this contingency. tain advance of the enemy is ie direction of Pskoff, where ive established their base of as. They are pushing for- a fan-shaped line, with the Pskoff and the wings at Dno -Trtieff, a front of more than s. force is only three hours from Luga. which is only five march from Petrograd. Preparation is being made to tie capital and a special com- 13 clearing out all the useless Oi the middle class, allow-1 those physically fit fo3 Jb?mr to remain. Thev ae ing the old. the very younjv tne unwilling soldiers ?Wted prisoners nf war. Secfel correspondent and the aencan newsnaner mpn Pr, ess corresnondent are the American nou-inonnr mart r, 1 1 - ' ' i ' LA 7 i JilV-li trograrl. Most nf the "Rrit- Ponients nln y,va o-no committee on public infor- ' 7J small party remain. railways frnni tl-, nit,, n iJsed to out Provided ourselves with lur a quick- ?f.f.aW,v SCOw. it Was lpnrnorl Mqv "PU I eSOl !' t inn c ,!!: il similar resolntinns have uijpted h, thn t: o..,:t: ?e"tP1 froni the front , u trains ;mrl mmniioc thQ wmmutpp has ordered all ' mn- barricaded and the St .! safe mum m-r VON LUXBURG 'is y ?. 'reS- -Hi'Ch 2 The A rron. "Anient ,., , t"1 eovpm idy askea the 'W irr sate conduct foni,,vv ,u'mer Ambassador CdT The Anassador ii, , nis Passports several 'JtliP Qn.T-ling from Buenos- "erdani sllip Valparaiso. a hQ ' . " a'Ji''area the first W nsibly was sailing PftthV t'as Iater arrested r'lsanp i ,l'ater he was pro- u?ei - "'""cu. notoriety 'nd h .S'wedish diplomatic Siges. " S'nk withut warn- E9g prrrrr iork it C! Urop. tociay ggs cropped ive r, re the ns' Only 45 ceats now. ISTB TORY OR DEATH E NEW SLOGAM . ADOPTED BY SENATE EXPECTED TO CLEAR UP WAR BILLS THIS WEEK Next Thing on Program is War Finance Corpora tion Bill COUNTRY IS URGING BILL'S PROMPT PASSAGE Proposed, Law Would Be Bul wark Against General Fin ancial Disaster to Coun try's Industries Washington, March 2. Thoroughly in its stride, the Senate was to pass another great war measure Secre tary McAdoo's war finance corporation bill early next week, v Pressing for action next in line came the Overman empowering bill, which occupied members of the Sen ate judiciary committee. Either it or the urgent deficiency bill, already passed the House, will reach the Sen ate floor on conclusion of the war finance vote and both may be clear ed and ready for the House by the end of the week. With these once out of the way, a clear deck shorwed for conSfdefation of the annual routine appropriation budgets. Of these the Agricultural, Indian and Diplomatic appeared prob able to have first call. Popular support of the McAdoo fin ance measure amazed Senators to night. Business and commercial con cerns and individuals fcontinued Ifo pour in a flood of messages urging prompt passage. This was explained tonight by Sen ators Smoot and Simmons, in charge of the bill, as follows: "Money is so short for financing even the ordinary needs of business that unless the government, which is monopolizing the money market, sees to it that business gets the necessary funds, there wHl be a panic, with Dig concerns going into the hands of re ceivers and the whole credit system of the country toppling. "This immediately would react up on the hundreds of small savings banks where millions of Americans i have their worldly all. j "Pending bill is bulwark against 1 this, because it puts the government's credit. between business and the trou bles that would otherwise beset it." Conferees on the railroad bill met in a lengthy session today and meet again Sunday in an effort to agree for a report back to their respective Houses Monday. Senator King's sub-committee will continue early in the week its inqui sition iflto' the affairs of the National German-American Alliance. Alliance i officers will resume their defense, started today. The House Interstate Commerce Committee begins hearings Monday on the administration water power bill another war measure designed to give larger use of inland water ways, to re lieve the nation's burdened rail lines. Secretaries Baker, Lane and Houston have all written Chairman Sims, urg ing early passage. HOUSING PROBLEM SERIOUS IN NORFOLK Portsmouth, Va., March 2. Definite announcement was made this after noon that government will spent J9.000.000 in solving the housing ques tion here. The announcement wasJ inade at a meeting of business bomes of Norfolk and Portsmouth by offi cials heading the vast operations now in progress here and means that there will be an early solution of a very vexed problem Just now, Norfolk and Portsmouth I are overcrowded, there's no room i available in either city, hotels, lodg ing houses, boarding houses and pri vate dwellings are packed to the doors and sailors are sleeping on the pool tables at the naval Y. M. C. A. Serious Argentine Riots. Buenos Aires, March 2. Traffic be tween Argentine and Chile is paralyz ed by the railroad strike. Battles be tween strikers and the troops continue Mnrh' nrnriprtv has" been destroyed. The president today issued an order to the strikers to return to wor& uy Sunday. WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. SUNDAY, . RUSSIA EXACT LOCATION OF THE AMERICANS Hindenburg Has Been Throw ing Out Raiding Parties to Find Sammies TRYING TO PREPARE FOR PERSHING'S DRIVE Germans Have Been Surpris ed to Find Americans in Such Widely Separated Sectors on Front New York, March 2. Von Hinden burg's uncertainties concerning the whereabouts of American troops along the West front have been responsible for a series of strong reconnoitering raids this week by German shock troops. The purpose of the raids has been to capture a few prisoners in the va rious sectors to discover what trenches the Americans are holding and in what strength. There is no humiliation attached .to these cap tures. It is almost always possible to seize a few prisoners if the raiders are prepared to suffer sufficient cas ualties. Von Hindenburg has put a very high value on information con cerning the whereabouts of American troops, , as the . comparatively, . largo. German losses show. The new information obtained by von Hindenburg adds to the confu sion that must exist at German head quarters as to the main objective of General Pershing's forthcoming offen sive. Earlier in the week the Ger mans found Americans in the trenches near Soissons, which almost marks the Western end of the front under French control near the point where it merges into the British front. Von Hindenburg apparently was surprised at encountering Americans so far away from their original base along the Lorraine front. To make sure that there were still American troops in the Lorraine area he or dered a week-end raid at Zechepray, close to St. Mihiel, and there cap tured enough Americans to make an other puzzle for the German general staff. Von Hindenburg now knows General Pershing has his troops at at points so diverse as to make im possible for him to tell where Ameri cans will strike. The accumulation of German reserves, therefore, can not occur in any area known before hand as Pers"hing's objective. THE FOURTH TRAINING Men From the Ranks Will Be Chosen for Training as Officers Washington, March 2. The fourth group of officers training camps will open early in May, it was learned to day. Only men from the ranks of the army will be accepted as candi dates, the number to be trained has not been decided as yet, rr the lo cation of the camps. It is probable, however, that 20,000 men will receive training. That is more than twice the number in the third group of camps which will close soon. The problem of supplying enow?h officers for all the branches of the service is pressing. When the first and second camps were planned at the beginning of the war it was be lieved that nearly enough men could be trained as officers to supply the needs of the army. But the tlemanns of such branches as aviation, ordnance, signal corps and others have been such that scores of officers have been transferred almost daily to fill up these services. In consequence, there is no surplus of line officers such as the army should have. With the second draft call to be issued probably in June, it has been recognized that a larger number of officers must be trained before select ed men reach the mobilization camps. Ishii's Appointment-Announced. Tokio, March 2. Appointment of Viscount Ishii as Ambassador to the United States was formally .. an nounced today. PUZZLES GERMANS AMP OPENS IN MAY A mm LS T The 1 9 1 8 Offensives, Whether Allied or German, Will Cost Millions GREATEST. POSSIBLE GATHERING OF GUNS Where Preparations for the Big Drive Begin, There Will Be Such'Artilleryirig as Never Before Seen WHAT "ARTILLERY! NG" COSTS Eight hundred 155-millimeter shells at $45 each are required to silence a single enemy battery. Dn thousand 75-millimeter shells are necessary to cut a 23 yard breech through barbed wire entanglements. Thousands of shells 'a minute are used in barrage fire, which some times must be sustained for Louis. -( With the French Armies in the Field, Feb.v16 (By Mail). When the 1918 offensives begin on the French fmnt whether they be Allied or Ger n. an they will be preceded by the greatest and costliest artillery prepa ration the world has ever i-.son. During every day of these prelimi nary ailillery battles millions of dol lars of the world's wealth vvill disap pear in smoke, gas, explosions and irrm frp-mTits Hie battles will mark the cuTininat iug point in the concentration and power of artillery. Since the first months of the war demonstrated that the decision must rest largely with heavy artillery, the Allies have bsen carrying ou a steady program of in crease .thait has Jciow reached its full development. The Allies will enter the 1918 cam paign with the highest concentration of artillery that it is practicable to utilize. While it is doubtful if Germany has been able to keep up with the Allied heavy artillery program, yet owing to the practical elimination of Rus sia she will have at her disposal as great a concentration of artillery as it is possible to use. Military expediency makes it im possible to give a precise idea of what each day of the 1918 artillery preparations are going to cost. A few general figures can be given, however, that will enable one to ar rive at some idea of the titanic con test at material and wealth that are about to open. It has been demonstrated that to destroy an enemy battery five or six miles behind the lines a 155-millimeter gun must fire no less than 800 shots. It costs about $45 a shot. In other words, it costs about $36,000 to silence a single enemy battery. " In past offensives it has been noth ing uncommon for the Germans to, concentrate 600 batteries on a 16-mife front. This means $21,600,000 for this one item alone on a front of that size. But it is" not impossible that ac tions may occur this, spring on fronts of 160 miles, which would increase this one item to more than $216,000, 000. Another task of the artillery is to cut away the enemy's barbed wire entanglements. At a distance of two or three miles 1,000 shells from a 75-millimeter battery are necessary to cut a breach of 25 yards in the wire. In a huge offensive, such as may be expected this year, wires must be destroyed on fronts of 100 or 150. miles. Barrage fires are also terrible shell eaters. Thousands of' shells are consumed in a minute in this way 'And some times the barrages must last for hours. Shells must largely win the war this year. The Allies are already as sured of a superiority, but ever and ever increasing superiority in shells, that can come . only from America, will shorten the war as nothing else. ATTEMPTED TO KILL BOTH HIS PARENTS Anniston, Ala., March 2. After 'Buck Johnson had shot his father twice and fractured his skull with the butt of his gun today In an effort to finish the job, he turned the weapon on his aged mother, fired one shot at I her, breaking her arm. Young John- duii is saiu ,iu lid v tj cuuuj iciuaucu his gun after firing the first shot and aiming at his father, who was already ,'on the ground, fired the second load from his shotgun into the body of- the prostrate man. Johnson is in the Calhoun county jail here tonight, after" his arrest in the field? where he had resumed his work as though nothing had happen ed. The elder Johnson is still alive, but is . not expected to live. The Johnsons are farmers living a few miles from Anniston. DUE EN COST HUGE SUMS .MARCH 3; 1918 AUSTRO GERMANS PREPARING FOR AM ITALIAN CAMPAIGN Whether They Are Expecting Offensive or Defensive Fighting is Not Clear "WATCH ITALY" IS MORE THAN A HINT It is Not Impossible for a Teu ton Offensive There Rath er Than in the West. Propagandists Work Washington, March 2. Austro-Ger- man forces are preparing a new plunge In the lower Piave district of Italy, said Rome official dispatches to day. The preparations include spread ing of vicious propaganda to under mine the morale of Italy and her Al lies and may perhaps mark a major offensive such as some, authorities have suspected was developing to the South. y Agrn, It may mean that the Allies themselves have determined upon an aggressive course there, and that the preparation of the Austro-Germans mark an attempt at readiness to with stand the blow. In either case, military men have been increasingly suspicious in re cent weeks that Germany did no, realy intend to develop for the pres ent her much advertised offensive on the West front. "Watch Italy," the authorities have hinted and this present development may presage more than locally important opera tions. The cables, though aracon clusiye on this point while American information is not especially enlight- sming. AAustrian and Dalmatian troops, with a knowledge of Italian, are pass ing the German propaganda and at tempting to fraternize with the Ital ians. Scattered pamphlets declare Aus tria wants peace and that this can be most nickly.-Pbtained hyaijultal ian surrender. Such propaganda, laid the ground work for a near disaster in the last drive, and hence Italian authorities believe that a move of real importance is again contemplat ed. The Italian officers, however, are offsetting this propaganda successful ly the cables state. The next few months are expecte to mark enormous developments in the war. With Russia blasted before the German invasion, it is felt that the West or Italian front wilt see bloody and decisive battling. Germany admittedly is in a better position than for some time. She rill not starve, food administration of ficials are now convinced. Hunger "s a doubtful factor in forcing peace, they said tonight, in view of the fact that the Ukraine tremendously prod uctive is now a virtual pantry for Germany. While the war has made inr6ads on grain and cattle production, the Ukraine is so fruitful that she wil stave off starvation, it is stated. STILL INVESTIGATING POSTAL CLERK'S CASE (Special to The Dispatch.) Washington, D. C, March 2. The charges of disloyalty against A. E. Hergenrother, the Wilmington postal clerk, are being held in abeyance pend ing further investigation, according to an official statement issued by the United States Postoffice Department "Hergenrother is binder strict sur veilance," said a United States Post office offcial. G. D. Ellsworth, one of the head officials of the department, stated that he would probably visit Wilmington soon and would look in to the case further. It is recalled that some weeks ago Inspector B. B. Webb investigated the case of Hergenrother who was charg ed with giving information to the in terned German ships, and filed the re sults of his investigation with the Postoffice Department. LIPPERTS GIVE BOND AND ARE RELEASED Chicago, March 2. Henry t Lip- pert and son, Ralph H. LipperOspn tractors and brokers, accused of pa Ing money to Brigadier General Thon' as Cruse, U. S. A., retired, for services in connection with army contracts, to night furnished bond of $10,000 eah and were released from jail. The pre liminary hearings will be held next Tuesday before United States Com missioner Mason. The eldest Lippert today absolved Cruse from any blame, saying "near ly everybody in Washington knew he was employed to look after my inter ests." Lippert said Cruse was not In the active service of the government at the time he was employed and con sent of Washington authorities was givn before Cruse undertook the work. Lfppert's- firm had received more ban a -million dollars' worth of war ontracts, it is reported here. NO DECISION 01 JA AMERICA HASTENS RELIEF PROMISED TO SWITZERLAND A Temporary Embargo on Corn Imports From Overseas CORN MUST WAIT ON WHEAT SHIPMENTS Swiss People in Serious Need of Wheat, and the United States Has Promised to Supply Them Washington, March 2. The govern ment tonight ordered a temporary em bargo on corn imports from overseas. The action, first to be taken under President Wilson's recent imports li cense proclamation, was deemed nec essary to facilitate movement of the new wheat crop from South America and "hasten relief promised Switzer land." Cargoes of corn already afloat will not be affected by the import embargo. The War Trade Board .explained no hardship will result to South Ameri can countries chiefly concerned, "since it will affect only States having a sur plus of both grains for export." Need for tonnage makes it neces sary "to -let corn- await aniVer to the "urgent call for wheat." Promised grain is now anxiously awaited for immediate consumption by the Swiss population, and the Am erican government is making every effort to speed up deliveries at Cette, the free port whre supplies for the Helvetian republic are landed, the Trade Board emphasized. "Shipments have been retarded, however, not only by difficulties raised by sister neu trals against the charter of steamers at Cette although this port is outside the submarine danger zone, but also by trouble in finding the actual wheat required on account of the shortage of that cereal available for shipment. "The 'American government, how ever, feeling In honor bound to the re lief of the Swiss people under the agreement had been considering di verting to Switzerland grain marked for the Allies or required for home consumption in the immediate future, although itself facing a decided string ency in the supply of wheat to feed its own people until the next harvest. "After many difficulties steamers to carry at least a considerable portion of the grain promised Switzerland are now in sight The accelerated flow of wheat from below the equator in con sequence of the corn embargo will help the government in making good upon the obligation to Switzerland." INJOREDJN FRANCE General Pershing Reports American Casualties for February 26 and 27 Washington, March 2. One man was killed in action February 27, and 15 slightly wounded February 26 ana 27,- General Pershing cabled the War Department today. In addition a second man died from wounds and a third from enemy gas. Private Glenn H. Campbell, St. CaJrie, Minn., was the soldier killed in action. The slightly wounded included: Private Thomas J Ellington, R. F. D No. 2, Pittrhoro, crth Carolina, Sergeant Verne Lick'ord, Bluff, Nort.li Carolina, and Privato Beco P. Trot ter, Anderson, S. C. Among the deaths reported by Pershing was Private Clarence J. Smith, Eutaw, Ala. (natural causes). SHORTER SKIRTS AND SHORTER SHOES Washington, March 2. They'll soon be wearing 'em higher, not alone in Hawaii, but In the United States, if woolen manufacturers' suggestions to the government for shorter skirts to conserve wool are" accepted. And the skirt will part company with the hoe tops, anyhow, for the Council of Na tional Defense is co-operating with shoemakers "to make shoes lower and only in black, tan and suede. TWO MORE TAR HEELS PRICE FIVE CENTS ILP UGGESTI0N Divergence of Opinion as tcfi Course United States Should Pursue INTERVENTION IS EXPECTED TO COMEj Japan Will Quite Likely Bo? Permitted! to Proceed iri Protecting Siberia From M ierman enace Washington, March 2. The perplex ing problem of how America will d& cide upon Japanese intervention irx:. Siberia remained tonight unsolved. It was said officially no conclusion has been reached and that much ot! , the speculation on the subject was far. ahead of actual progress in determin-j ing what is admittedly a very delicate, question. That was all the official explanation, vouchsafed, though high authorities renewed their hints that Japan prob ably will be free to act, minus Allied and American participation. Some government. leaders, however; feel that in such an event, Japan'aj sphere of action and her purposes', should be made entirely clear, lest the protection of Japanese interests! be twisted by Germany into an argu-J ment that the move is an autocratic invasion. Military men favoring intervention were critical of delay, saying that there should be no dilly-dallying aa in the case of Greece. Other military men say frankly that a Japanese move would be open to Russian sua picion and to German misinterpreta tion as meaning that Japan wanted a foothold in Siberia. Joint action was ccntsidCTeTi!tmpraT!tlcai-'in view - of Ttfcr"'"--' j paucity of troops and ships in the Far j East, and particularly in view of the. I fact that guarding supplies at Vlad j ivostok and controlling railroads could be easily accomplished by Japan alona.. The thought of liberals was that in the light of America's position on free- , dom for democracy the Japanese move might turn Russia definitely against the Allies and into an allianca with Germany. America wants to, propitiate the Russians as far as pos- j sible. For this reason, it is deemed- advisable by the liberals that in event, of Japanese entrance, restriction should be placed on the expedition and its purposes proclaimed officially, as solely protective and not offensive. The United States manifestly is anxious to avoid decision of political, questions affecting European or Asi atic countries. And, it is possible that the turn of, events in Russia will be such as to make American approval unneces-; sary. Reports that Japanese and Chinese, troops were already en route to Man churia and Siberia lacked State De partment confirmation, though Japa nese authorities have said for several days that mobilization was under way in Korea. The trend of events appeared to ob. servers to be such that Japan might be forced by her people to take the i step, in ssucii cuiiisiituces. America doubtless would not interpose objec-, tions, though she would still feel it i advisable tQ have the world know that ! the expedition was designed as a friendly, protective step rather than, as a territorial grab. Some officials pointed out Japan's past-openly expressed desires for fishing rights along the Siberian lit iteral and they frankly said that her .movement into Siberia might be jjc- cepted by. unfriendly sources as a a i attempt at fulfillment of these ambi tions. All such suspicions should be re moved, it was held by liberals who have had much to do with the Austro-German-Russian propaganda work. Japan is an autocracy. She is also an ally of ours, linked in friendly rela tions by the recent Lansing-Ishii pact, and these relations ought not to be ; clouded -by doubts, it was pointed out. ! Military men differed in their point of view. Many doubted the immedi-. ! ate need for intervention. Others j said it was a serious need, to offset the j danger from Germans already resi ,dent in Siberia or from an actual at tempt of the Germans to sweep across I European Russia into Siberia. Let the Japanese go ahead single-handed, iwith Allied approval, now, and guard against this menace, they said, else jit may develop into an even greater ! problem later. ; The American War Department has j not been consulted in any detail to ; date on the subject. This is taken as ' confirmation of high official hints that in any event American forces will not Ijoin the Japanese because they are. jmore badly needed in the West. The military problem involved for merely safeguarding of Japanese in terests and Allied munitions would not (Continued on Page Nina). AS:: it 1 ; Hi p mm Hi 14 t m if