North Carolina Newspapers

i VOL. 2. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, -AT- $2.00 a Year, in advance. O5 0CO5a.KMM , ' - OS . - p 2.8: : :: :: 2 2h-"p mm tr4 P H H OB H H M M i BO CD BO - W -3 W M.SJ1 go S2 5? 11 3 5 Is g B o i BD gggggggg CD as OMit-tsoascs SS8SSSSS 00 (9 Is WO P? C5 ... O cr -i i-i sssssgss O 55 SCO 0 t- l-l 5i S ti ex ts a SSSSS8S8 CH5D s CO . " . CD 0 g p is 3 rt 0? B gggggggg MWISH BnoK 9 8888888 o S o ocnmo 88888888 Twelve lines solid Nonpareil type constitute a square. . Four squares estimated as a quarter-column, eight squares as a half-column, and sixteen squares as a whole column. 43 The FAHMEIl has a large and grow ing circulation among the best class of farm. ers and, planters of the South, especially '' in the ttco Carolinas. . es The Postage on the Farmer is only fire cents per quarter, payable at the office where the paper is received. 49- Post Office Money Orders may be obtained in all the cities, and in many of the large towns. We consider them perfectly safe, and the best means of remitting fifty dollars or less. ; . 43- Registered Letters, under the new sastem, which went into effect June 1st, are a very safe means of sending small sums of mo ney where P. O. Money Orders cannot be easily obtained. Observe, the Registry fee, as well as postage, must be paid in stamps at the office where the letter is mailed, or it will be liable to be sent to the Dead Letter Office. Buy and affix the stamps both for postage and registry, put in the money and seal the letter in the presence of the post-master and take his receipt for it. .Letters sent in this way to us are at our risk. : Agricultural Papers, &c. n Editor of the Eagle: -In a comiuitnicav tion in yotir paper of the 13th inst., I pro posed to take up the shibject of our county, agricultural ; in terests. ; -1 ani: .collecting; some statistics as to the capacity', aricHhe different products that could Jfbe 'realized' with .--this greatest profits, i Which f will ap pear hereafter. In this I wish to speak of r some of the measures that will create the : greatest interest with the farmers in, their improvements in our County 'Husbandry. One that I have, constantly .urged, in our agricultural meetings was that every mem- her of our society should take one or more ; agricultural papers, and useheir influence" i to induce every tiller of the soil io become a member of ,bur society, and ' either ' on a , ,Jarge or smill scale to do likewise.' ' If we' r:can. succeed in this to. any: valuable extent r owe shall soon see a grand" and successful 4 'and profitable'-' change :m all our farming ? operations. 'Tf-.' Wi n'Af1 wpm,j Atav,, any; ingenuity of Wgtimeht' fo cohviuce' every one of 'the adyantage" of 'such infor-" Ai.atj.uu, as, win., coiistanuy aavanpe '. :tneir material interests andadd;to,, the coinfort rll their domestic affairs withal.'4 'It, is l in any .farmer to be ignorant on - .-! OP' :fa.:r:m::e :r,s, write for "2"Our .er. WILMINGTON, any matter or farming when such sources of information are accessible at so small an expense. There are a number of these publications, several in our own State, the Carolina Farmer among them, published weekly at Wilmington, both the Proprietor and Editor of which were lately ot our cit izenship, entitled to our favor and patron age, and each in his department well pre pared to furnish an interesting and profit able paper. Many of these publications are devoted to southern interests and embody a large amount of information contributed by the most intelligent, scientific and practical farm ers in the country on almost every subject of husbandry and domestic pur suits. I rarely open one of these publica tions that I do not see some single article worth more than the year's price. During the last summer I noticed an article in the Southern Cultivator giving an account of the mode of cultivation and the fabulous products of on acre of land in a new vari ety of turnips, u Johny Rebs." I wrote for some ot the seed, which were very promptly sent me. My success was by no means such as it would have been with heavy manuring and proper cultivation. With $15 worth of Baugh's Raw Bone Super-phosphateJ I obtained on a little over half an acre about 200 bushels of turnips.: A neighbor friend of mine, Mr. J. A. Worth, to whom I gave part of the seed informed me that he raised turnips weighing from: 7. to 14 pounds each. , Any of your readers can calculate the. products of an acre of land in such turnips as these produced at proper distances, and will doubtless be amazed at the result. They can estimate the number ot milk cows that could be fed through the winter, the milk and butter furnished, the value of the manure carefully saved for future crops. These are calculations that enter largely into their success as farmers and into their family comforts; every farmer should cultivate a few acres in turnips. Another article I noticed was the ex periment of two young men in Georgia. I wish the article could be placed in the bands of the large class of young men who are flocking to the towns and villages seeking employ men t,Jand also in the hands of those trying to place themselves in some of the learned professions, often without qualifications! and always without reflect ing that no one of these professions ever adds a single dollar to the wealth of the country. No lawyer that .ever lived in the pursuit of his profession ever added anything to thewealth of the country; no physician ever did ; no preacher ever did ; no banker ever did. They are, all useful in their several vocations in life,' but it is their buisness to take advantage of the follies and misfortunes of other men, and when they have earned a dollar put it in their pockets. There are three sources of wealth to the country. The man who goes down in the mine and labors there and brings up from Jhe bowels of the earth, the gold and the lead, the tin and the sil ver, produces wealth; the man who from early, in the morning till late , in the eyen: ing, from January to December, toils upon the surface, of tbe. ground and makes it bring forth things necessary fur the sup port of human hie ; and; the man who with his skill and' labor takes those things that are brought up from the bowels of the ; earth: and th at are culled from v its surface'and binds aid fashions thenl for theiuse ot .'.man into the fimplemehts1 : Of civilized life these are the three products of Yealth, and; a5??' is necessary' to theni all.; Thatj primeval vdenunciatio to pur progenitors; that we' should earn' otu bread by tue wcaV of our face Is still in forceand is being verified in jthe lives of many of , "us to-da jibt , asa curse i but - ;a; hopeM.ptovia6n;s apeacjiut result fpyi if there is any man' that can eat his bread m' peace with God and who draws1 that .bread T&at of ground orpins it byW&fiesfpd tinctured vith 'h'frauitvis? wet; witht n6 tears; it istamewifb.rio-lcC gol;hack to;; the "experiment ' h the two youiig m6n ;of Georgia. vOpe of theni with his own labor entirelyf made one hun dred bushels of corn and five bales of cot N. C, FRIDAY, FEBRUAHY 4, 1870. ton, the other with some help made two hundred bushels of corn and five bales of cotton. : Both of them cultivated very poor land, for it took 16 acres to produce the 100 bushels of corn. Now there was no great skill nor judgment in this case ; if there had been, I think the experiment would have been more of a success, but it shows 'what industry and energy can ac complish. These are the men we are to i look to, to build up our ruined fortunes and to restore our former prosperity, and not to the importation of a material pros perity accompanied with the curse of a material civilization. These are the men :in whose hands will be the future destiny of the country. It has already passed from the hands of the old scrambling politicians and must and will settle in the hands and control ; of the young white men of the country, born and bred in our midst. jFor I regard it as a thing very improb ;able that you can populate the south with an intelligent and respectable citizenship 'from Europe or from the Northern States, while all : the governments of the South are being placed in the hands .of your newly made citizens of African descent. It is difficult to realize the situation if one half of the young men in our State were to adopt the course of the young men of Georgia. We should soon have the most prosperous, the most plentiful and boun teous country in the world.- We should have no landless young men moping about pur streets without employment, or such things as three able-bodied young men en gaged in keeping one small bar-room. No hungry starving poor among us, not the same necessity for importing laborers from the prisons and poor-houses of Eu rope to make your bread, that there was for the importation of soldiers to assist in your subjugation. But your barns and store houses would be able not only to stay the raveges of hunger and famine in your own country, but in other lands, j I have some other measures I intended jto mention in this paper, intended to ere-, ate an interest in our farm pursuits, but I am reminded that I have already exhaust ed the sheet and I suppose you will think ;his scroll long enough. Yours, Thos. J. Curtis. Fayetteville Eagle. The Condition of the Grain Farmers in 7 the Northwest. At the , commencement of 1870, is al most deplorable. For two seasons there have been, failures, of both the Spring wheat and the corn, crops. There are thousands of, this class in the State to-day, who seeding from 5 to 50, acres pf wheat, and from 20 to 100 acres of corn, have not enough of the first for bread, , nor of the second to carry their stock over the Win ter. , This condition of things is due part ly to the season; partly, to the use of ma chinery, and partly' to the high price of labor. , It the season is favorble, if the machinery works well, and if the price of grain is high, a wheat and a corn crop, both in one year, is such a; success as puts most men on the road to fortune. All these happy circumstances seldom come together ;, but because, they have so come two or three times since i860, 'naeh hope for .them every, year, .and are repeatedly deluded and. disappointed. Etad these farmers instead of trying to crop 40 or 50, or 100 acres by machineryVrejected it and restricted; their labors '.: to a tenth their area, they would both in ,1868 and 186S haver had reasonable crops, t I, see ,:. no greater, peril to ; the cotton crop ' of ?the South,' than that f the V, planners, taking Northern: example f. forrgm make their crops ty machinery.; I Let . me warn. them in seasonr of ;'the dagger of too mucu reliance on macuinery, wjs vor respondent ojGfmtry Genflen.. :' i l;The municipal Snd St-ate authorities are alter tne, ipery .uaiexii in .; ir mjaueip nia., Six dealers have beenKarresiedanheld f 6 bail; onerefusedto give i hail ahdgwas committed,, and in his case habeas corpus will be invoked" this eek. :Tung NewT6rk has hdd but-inle day's skating this winter. , ; , Wormy Apples. Editors Country Gentleman As it is gen erally persumed that you should know every-thing at least I should so suppose by the many questions and inquries made by your readers I will by yonr permission add one to that number. I have a young apple orchard which has been in bearing some four or five years ; the soil on which it stands is a gravelly loam and very rich ; consequently the trees are growing finely, and are generally heavily Iruited. The apples, particularly the Baldwins, are al most universally wormy seldom I find a perfect one.5 Can you, or someone of your readers, tell me the cause and a remedy ? m. a. Great Barringtort, Mass. Douptless the difficulty originates w ith the apple worm, the eggs being laid by a miller known as the Codling moth, at the blossom end, from which the larvae pass to the core, causing the fruit to drop prema turely it the mischief is done early, and making wormy and detective fruit if the apples hang till the usual period for gather ing This insect is a formible enemy to the apple, probably more so than all others put together, as it nearly destroys the market value of much fruit, and badly injures it lor home consumption. It is the more formidable because no satisfac tory, efficient and well established remedy has yet been devised. The numbers of the insects may however be greatly re duced by allowing herds of swine, and if these are not J numerous enough, herds of sheep, to run in the orchard while the fruit is growing and the affected portion of the crop is dropping from the trea The animals pick up and devour the worms in the young fruit, and lessen their numbers.- Sheep are not apt to gnaw the bark in the growing season, but if there is dan ger, rub the bark ot each tree with a piece of fresh liver from the butcher's, and they, will not touch it for weeks. When the affected fruit falls to the ground, the worms escape, and many crawl up the trunk, and hide in the rough bark to pass the cocoon state, preparatory to emerging as? the perfect miller. Dr. Trimble has adopted the remedy of winding hay ropes two or three times around each tree, under which the worms crawl and form cocoons, and where they may be destroyed every two weeks or so, before they escape in the winged form. Dr.; Trimble has shown us trees where he had destroyed from 50 to 100 on a single trunk, but we are unable to show what proportion these were to the entire brood. We are inclined to look to the remedy of swine and . sheep . as most efficient, and to regard Dr. Trimble's remedy as . a useful auxiliary. Country Gentleman. , : : " Carrots for Stock. ; very little trouble to; raise root It is crops of any kind, and particularly, so with tho carrot. All the attention neces- sary upon a quarter of an acre can be given for "noon-spells," or in rainy half days, and between times of other work, and thus cost the. farmer : comparatively noth-; ing .'until ; they; are ready, Jo ? pull, and fit for use. This should, be .done before the frost disturbs them much.r1. ;;? m? rvns Sow your seed in drills about fifteen inches apart, and then thin-tpjfour.(pr,six inches as you choose. ; .;The .seed should be .'plaicerl in the ground about , the first of June, or earlier, ', The; ground, should be made as mellow as; time and cpnyenience will allow.; The morei attention yon pay to having your, soil irx gpod prder to receive the seed,5 the surer you, arebf good crop. Coyer your seed-!UitHethTCljghti' j:, A brush dragged across the.drills.will coyer them, sufficiently. lakp, your ( rows straight, o admit of ,esy c;ulture.V: No vf,Tjrothef farmers!, if youhaye a'spare piece J1 ground, (and if not make so me vacant,) plant enough carrots to feed your 'stock, and if you have-not cattle to feed, givethehi to your hprsls 'or to ybulf sheep; : thejr!will ariiwer .eWMlll'adfwIellana if ydu' !ar hot ' satisfied"1 with -the result arising therefrom, then it wifl: be time for y6"n to bbject.-J. W.' LM ih 'EitraP Ameri can. NO. 14. onlttQ garb: The Brahmas. . A corrspeondant desires us to sav some 1" thing more ot the Brahma fowls.v;;We gave a pretty full account of the origin and history of this breed in the Ploughman ; three or four years ago and presented some original information upon them, which we supposed would be appreciated and re membered "as throwing some light upon the breed, which may be regarded as the only valuable contribn;tioh made to ur list of breeds as the result of tbe "hen feyer" which raged with so much virulence, fif- teen or t wenty years ago. . The Brahmas or " Botherum Pootrums" are a New England production in every sense of the word, although they now possess a reputation not; only in this coun try but in England and on the continent: They are recognised - in 'all the authorita tive works upon poultry as among the best of fowls of Asiatic origin, and take' them all in all, we don't know as we could select a breed which united more good qualities. The Brahmas are, as a rule, very excel lent winter layers. Perhaps the present winter may be regarded as an exception, as we know of many flocks .that are not laying up to their acknowledged, winter capacity. We think however that we can ascribe this to bad fall management. The Brahmas are inclined to run to fat especial ly if too highly fed on corn or other too fattening food along in the fall. The difficulty is probably to be traced to that. Perhaps there is no breed that has a greater tendency to the accumulation of internal abdominal fat than the Brahmas, and the result is sometimes to cause them to " go down behind," as it is called, to a , greater extent than some other breeds, and : this is apt to lead to irregularity in the egg i a , . , i i, . .. ,- We must consider the Brahmas as a well fixed breed. They come as true to their well marked characteristics as most Other breeds, that is with judicious care in selection and breeding. 1 1 t When we consider that the" profitable time to produce eggs for the market is from November to April, and that no breed surpasses the Brahmas 'as winter layers in connection with their other excellent quali ties, good temper, good size, early maturity as spring, chickens and) quiet habits, we should hardly kno w whereto look tor their, superiors! Perhaps the white Leghorns would produce more eggs taking the year through, and if we did not breed Brahmas, : we should probably take to the Leghorns, but in other, respects the, Brahmas are quite equal..' ''' i'fc':ifr' "''' The comb is not an imperative point in the Brahmas, though we prefer the double or pea comb,; which. is rathersingular, in. appearance, thick.at the base and like three combs' joined in one, theentfe-bne-higher than the others, but it ' must be a low, comb rounded At, the top, and,-the indentations must not be deep,. The legs should be short and ; wide: apart. This is ' an ' important point' as it adds5 greatly 1td -their beauty, and in. bothcoek and! hen , the. outer toe3 should ib-hdrter, than the others and" feathered to the point. The ; beak is yellow.1 u ' ' J K :n j' uA cross of the CrevecieuT on the 'Brah ma ,is , exqellent. , the ; 'chickens.: coming , forward early and attaining to a large, size, " (The Dorking and the Brahma makes' a good crossj 'Except for the production of chickefiafor theimarket merely,.5 we prefer " to keep the, breeds pure, X however, as all; the ' economic obiects of poultry ,may be . obtained equally welJL withsbme one pure fK Jji&ir weelcsbmebody inv Clevelandihibr y sent Gen. Grant a black : spanieL '-whibh the President ifdtkieOTogV I The druggists dfNear'ilNl, prof c: a law regulating the sale of poisons; t Dreed, and , tnere is greater sausiaction declfnTOrsaying"that nedia f fThftre rwerefif 10 express