SPECIAL OFFER: .
Wiii send you the s
LEDGER from now un
til January li 1915,
for 35 cents., - , i
Till
&1
" Dor
of every
Jcb
dc
v. i. i ,
V
Prices and
Guaranteed.
VOLUME 31
A
WINDSOR, IT. C.f THURSDAY JULY 29TH, 1915.'
No. D
Iff
- Ml - l'Ml
V ! V I I III
t r . . i ' s - v
J
THE PROGRAMME FOR
FIRST
THURSDAY
V:::SS?:$:5S.V':S:S
.Si-
IN
V
A -
si. i
f .. f
s
:s
AUGUST
Hon. Clauds Kitchiir Ihe ' Orafoiv (if the Day
Music
Prayer
Dixie
Eecitation . ...
Solo
Introduction of ; Speaker
Address
Eoll-call
Music .v
The Tuscarora
A Beautiful, Legand of the Tusca
rora Indians Once ; Inhabiting
the Section of Indian'Woods
A Falhelic Love StorV
WRITTEN BY HON F. D. WINSTON )
I have read the 'interesting article
on the Indians of this part of -North
Carolina recently Dublished by CbL 1 ft
A. Olds. He places the TuBcaror
Indians among the - Algonquins..
think he is in error in that' statenien
I Dresume he fnllnwa a V number
of
historians who wrote h to the effect;
In 1910 the United States Governmenjt
published under the supervision of tbe
Smithsonian Institute and the . Burea(u
of Ethnology a 'Hand. Book f of Amer
ican Indians." One of the most in
teresting articles" in that work -is -chapter
on the Tuscarora tribe of
it
diana. The statement: is therel ; made
that the ' Tuscaroras are ' Iroqaoian
"speaking language . cognate-" . -with
those of the Iroauoian linguistic ;groijp
and dwelling when -first encountered
on the Roanoke tNeuse; Tar; and- Pani
lico rivers of North Carolina! -J Fixing
the Tuscaroras as of the great Iro
quois Indians, has been- done -by Mr.
James Mooney, a high , educated In
dian employed by the biireau of Amerv
ican Ethnology. I have several in
teresting letters from Jhim-on Tusca
rora history .He has never been able
to make me,.a . Dromised visit
we are to open".' some
when
Indian
mounds in the Indian Woods section
Bertie county; lying on the -Roanoke J
river. The Tuscarora league was cotn--posed
of three tribal constituent mem
bers, each having an independent Wnd
exclusive appellation. -
The North Car-
olina membership was combined
un-
der the name of Tuscarora which l I is
the same as Esaurora. '" Mr : Mooney
infers that Esaurora is a synonym
of
ve
.its
Skaruren. From the latter word
find-that the name Tuscarora in
primary sense
means Hemp ; Gather-
ers.'!
' The secondary meaning of that
v tw is , smrc wearer
rora Indian, is said to have worn , tbt
primitive garment; ;iri which? it y73
not customary to put av pocket.' This
tribe of Indians lived on ( tbe . eastern
hank of th Roanoke river. Seme
?Sr8after elr Indian massacre) in
IX Governor Charles Eclch rico
tcd a treaty TTith that brunch ! cf
Indians
uLH SniniFR8' RAY
FIRST
THURSDAY
tit
IN
. - by the ,,Au lander Orchestra
by the Chaplain
Chorus
The Ranks are Thinning
I... R.vW;j Askew
Hon; Claude Kitchin
by the Orchestra'
NER
the Tuscarora - tribe ' -'friendly to . the
white people. That treaty placed .the
friendly Tuscaroras - on a reservation
in Bertie county containing- 12,500
acres of land, he boundries of the
tiawh ,vvg&c uciii'i uacu ujr -cj . att
of the General Assemby held at New
Bern the 15th day of October, 1748.
In tht act the Roanoke river is called
Morattosk We have this couplet of
of the' names of three rivers in Bertie:
VCashie and Cashoke, Morattock and
and -Roanoke. : Under the :" : treaty
negotiated between - James-; Blount and
Governoi; Eden . the Tuscaroras were
given the liberty of 'selecting ' their
"own spot of .ground.' They wisely
selected the lands in Bertie county
The lands are now called . the . Indian
Woods. I They , were, , two hundred
years ago,: an ideal s pot ,.. for r an idle
and non-productive race." Tbe dense
forest was the abode of game of all
sorts," Deer,, coon, squirrel, ': wild
turkey ; are there rin abund ance to-day,
ThemanyEstreams within the, territory
were stocked -with fish,-' In . -severe
winter it has al ways been a place for
w itd ducks to ; came' for food and ) shel
ter. ; Within its . limits nare several
sprines that have wonderful medical ,
and curative ' properties One of, them
is a specific for skin disease; - another
for indigestion In .the middle, of
this - territory7 lived King , B'ount,
chief of the tribe, and here , for years
the. friendly Tuscaroras livedo the -subject
of constant pillage . and depreda
tion: on;; the part of tbeir white ' neigh-:
bora, There was no racial interming
ling. "There "were , no- half,k breed In
dians in Bertie. The 4only- exception
to this was when the Tuscaroras killed
a slave belonging to Zedekiah ; Stone,
father of "Governor Dstvid Stone, " .they.
made good, his loss by giving him an
Indian man, This man he " married
to oneof his ! slave women. Their
defendants live , in . Bertie County.
They lay great claims to respectability
on account of their Indian blood. C The
Tuscaroras . finally; 'decided j to leave
Bertie county and ; join their I kindred
in New York State, the, five Indian
nations there- " I - ;..;'.
. In 1756 they did remove to . that
State, From time to time they had
leased small areas of their reservation
to the adjacent settlers; This in
creased their ; many '. inconveniences
and-made it t easier for. the. whites to
perpetrate numerous acts of injustice
In 1756 the General assembly ratified
and confirmed those leases and also
confirmed a lease cf the residue of tha
hnda for ICO years to T.cbcrt Jcncs,
Jan. V7i::i2Z3 TJilV.i-z crJ zzzz2
Second Annual Picnic
Of. Farmers Union' of 'Bertie Coun-
ty Held in Windsor.oh Thursday,
Brass' Br nd Public Dinner
I The second annual gathering
of- the Farmers' Union of the
county was held, on Thursday of
last week-in VVindsor. Viewed
jin any light it was one 01 the
. best . meetings I ever : held
i in" the State. . ' The ; crowil
was as well, dressed, as
orderly as well, behaved and
as intelligent; the speeches were
pleasing, instructive and force;
ful; the dinner, was bountiful
The
AUGUST311 wholesome and served with
gracious nc3pitaiity, tne music
was inspiring, and the spirit of
fellowship ind neighborly greets
ingswas v magnificent. - Nothing
was wanting to , make the day
complete, rhe ladies had.deco
rated the court, house, ) inside
and outddeNvith beautiful sug
gestive? flagc and, -flowers Fruits
and: crops. added a charm and
an interest to the decorations.
The day was magnificent. The
light clouds that drifted across
the sun . tempered the atmos-.
phere arid ary where one got . was
cool and comfortable. :
fi;:More..-v.thhniv two thousand
happy, and contented. ; people,
young and 'd, thronged our
fefxcta.mid made':' themsj ielves at
home,'
President - James Lawrence
Harrington called , the meeting
to 1 order on the dot and called on
Rev." W. X.Asbell, acting Coun
ty Chaplain to i nvoke the Divine
blessing. This prayer was sore
ful and fervent. : The selections
by the Rocky Hock brass band
were inspiring;- The new . uni:
forms added, greatly t6 the oc
casion! They: were ; generous
with their music and entertained
the audience during the day
with catchy -airs 'and martial
strains.' The , address tqf s wel
come by Governor Francis D.
Wilton was calculated, to make
every; visitor feel 'perfectly at
home. ;lt was just such an in
vitatioir to en j oy Windsor as the
well-known j Hospitality , of the
bid town calls xfor., ; ,v . :, ,
Prof. Herbert ? Early: ap-
propriately prefaced; his intro
ductioh by-Mr. :R. W. iFreeman
with urging tne employment or
a Demonstration : Agent for the
county.
Mr. R; W: Freeman; is of the
Bureau of. Demonstration ; 'at
Pugh.' The removal of the tribe was
then " completed. For - number
of years; at rare; intervals;.the Indians
sent agents from'New Yord to Bertie
county to collect their-rents: and look
after their holdings. It is . needless
to say that the payment r of j rent was
not ' very prompt, ? Under -legislative
authority the tribe was permitted to
sell ' out their interest and themonev
was paid to them and a deed, of release
executed. v . , ; ' ,
The last time a Tuscarora: Indian
was in Bertie was in ,1832. I have
the circumstances r of the .yisit froni
my mother, then a girl of seven years
of , age. She amused her children with
the .narrative. I have "also, talked
with Jonathan S. Taylor, Cleik of the
County Court of Bertie in h 1832, and
with whom the Indians and my mother
-in-law had business dealings and be
fore whom Langboard and . S-ccarusa
acknowleo'gedX o'eed. Lly mother said
th&t'she was on the porch at her home
when these strange people came up
and asked for food.. There were three
men and cne wcraan who had a pap-
iWashinton- p-c-pctiau;
(in connectiuh with our Stati
?ia addres was excellent, show-
e great advance made ir
county- get in "the progressive
procf ssion . and employ; a first
class man : :
No speech ,has ever, created a
better impression, because it
was what the audience; wanted
to hear. . When you talk to peo-
.1 ? l" : i.l'.'l "r:Vi'ir"'." 1 " :
pie aDout wnat tney Know tney
need, you will get a hearing and
applause. . y; ; -
he committee was, fortunate
in getting Mr. Preemari to; ad
dress our peopled One of the
main features-of the days pro
gram were ,two quartettes in the
morning, Messrs. W. J. Dan
iel, W; F Daniel J. V. Lassiter
and ; S. Jordan Ward rendered a
very fine selection with great
ease and; effectiveness. In the
afternoon Messrs; W. J. Daniel,
W. F. Daniel,; J. W. Lassitenand
Miss Bessie, Lassiter were splen
didly harmonious in a most dif
ficult piece o is a
special feature of the Farmers'
Union and one . that will be given
much prominence in the future.
They propose to give our talent
ed v country bovs and t girls ; a
chance not only to. entertain the
public but to let the public c see
how well they can do it. Many
a city church pays thousands of
dollars an nually for music - not
half ,.as Eccl.ic?--th;t7rj- -quartettes
sung in the court room on
this occasion, r ;
Two hours were devoted ,;to
dinner and it tookthat jtime to
properly wait : on v the - great
crowd. There, was dinner in
abundance ; and - dinner of the
finest quality. And it was serv
ed by fine men and good women
who love to wait on their neigh
bors. Of course the main din
ner was furnished by the farm
ers -from the : country t There
was some disappointment when
it was ascertained that " Dr, X
M. Temple ton ;who was injured
in an automobile wreck the night
before, was not able to ? meet his
appointment. A. meeting of the
committee washeld and it was
decided to ask Governor Francis
D. Winston to r speak at the af
ternoon session. He was, ad
mirably : presented to the audi
ence by Mr.R. E. Tarkington
His address : was a complement
to what Mr, -Freeman had said
in the morning. With apt illus
trations, ivittystories . aud home
ly expressions he urged the im
portance of the- Demonstration
work. : The exercises closed
;withV.the-'benedictiony-'from.vrthe
Chaplain., A meeting of, the
Union was held after the public
exercises ; and a committee .of
fifteen appointed - to lay before
the - County ' Commissioners . at
their, next i meet;ng the - import?
ance of a Demonstration Agent
for the county and to urge the
appointment of ; . such art agent.
The balance of the afternoon
was spent by the people in so
cial intercourse and renewing old
acquaintances. The; Farmers'
Union Picnic is now well set in
our social life .and the people
will look forward each year with
intense interest to the day of
its assembling.
Undcrtheckillful wojl: of Ilrjcro t0 feci that
J E Tadlock the arrangement3
lor ; serving xnc dinner
were
cplcndid. r ' .
w ... - 4 . "... -
he ' .Tri-tely - Inslliiii:
. ) .1' . 1 -r ...
Held at tne Chcwan Co:ite by lha.
. 'Counties of Bertie, Hertford
, ' and Northampton
Inferesting Account of i'cr":
A summer.se
hool;
or
tri county - in-
stitute opened in Chowan . College July
8th -1915 with art enrollment of CD
, ' " " . - V r ..'".."'.11, i V """ i . - 1 " .
teachers who represented North Caro-
are also glad to state that Mexico iz
represented in our summer school.
This is the first summer school in
the State that has been organized ia
the manner that it is.
No more suitable- place in eastern
North Carolina could have been chosen,
for.." a. summer, school than-at Cnowcn..
i niif(TA . witn an tne manincent nia-
torv and scenery. , The imposing Col
lege buildings, ihe beautiful lawn with
fine shade trees, i shruhbery and flow
ers, the circular driveway bordered by
majestfc:' old pines ..together with thov
surrounding hills and valleys sugges
tive of- the Piedmont A section furnish
ample recreation grounds for instruc
tors and students. -r -,
A strong faculty of specialists and
successful " teachers ' chosen becsurD
or tneir s recognizea aDiiuy in mcir
particular fields and '"their - special fit
ness for the instruction f of teachers
have been giving .their undivided tirna
in the summer school.- .
C: Among the instructors may be men
tioned Prof. B. Sentelle," sunerin
tendent of Lumberton graded school
who was appointed conductor of tha
summer school by the .State Depart
ment of Education. : frof Sentclh
one
of the most: prominent cl'::
in
ITortli-
sectionis very fortunate indeed Jn cr?--
curing such an - able man for the' wor!:
he is now' doing. .
Ki. The general J discussions lead by
Prof:" Sentelle are based on charter'a
So far the dutlined work in ; reading,
language; spellings drawing and pen
manship have been ably (discussed.
' ' The; work has been divided into high,r
rhnnl: int.prmpdiatpj- and "nrirnarv spN.
tions., " '
gest number of teachers. ' This worl:
is under the supervision of t;.Irs. ' Pearl
G reen of ; Raleigh, N. C, who is rec
ognizee! b the greatest of educators,
as being one of the best specialists in
vast experience as : student, teacher
and ' snnprisnr fin wnn f nr l Hpt tVi? .
highest type ' of; approbation. : Mrs.
Green ' is associated in primary worl:
by Miss Ethel Kelly,' a very capable
instructor, being for many. yeafs a
teacher m' our leading schools
of the State, and who now ho!d3
the position of primary super
visor in Northampton county, N. C.
Miss Kelly is "one of the' leading spec
ialists "ia domestic science in the State.
A spienaia course in aomesuc scicnco
is being given under the direction c
Miss Kelly. This ; course' is of- gret
vital interest, 'it being proven by th z
vast number who are taking the course;. -v
Prof. G E. Lineberry President cf
Chowan . College, : and who needs no
further introduction to the educational
struction in high school subjects in
the summer school. j V
As a whole, the bedy of teachers
in tli summer school are above tLa
average in their general attitude fcr
the work. They" are not abaent frcrn
any of the sessions, whether 'general
or sectional, unless providentially hin
dered. This shows the great intcr;:V
being manifested by the teach2ra r
'student body. . (V
Much good has been derived ' frc:.:
the practice school work. Often tin
instructors - call on members of tbtlr
different cIsssps to nive c model !:"
son, - Thi3 has worked wonderfully
and many teachers ara .benefitted r:".
only by obzervatien, but by redly l:
ing tha actual work. . ' "
- Discussions ccncern!n2rc;n:3 cf t'
vital prcblcc3;cf tl.a zzLzA ' zzzzn c:
receiving nttcnticn end H12 tcrcl :
1
ones to discu3 the: 3
", " - - 1
,
'