PAGE TWO
THE FRANKLIN PRESS AND THE HIGHLANDS MACON IAN
This Month On the Farm
Bolivar Pigj, he sez, sez he:
"Things don't seem like they used to be
Yet I can't hardly figure out
Whether it's things that's changed, or we'
Sez Bolivar P., sez he. ' .
October finds the farm family
preparing for winter, so here are
a few suggestions from State col
lege specialists for this autumn
minth:
DAIRYING
John Arey, State college's wide
ly known dairy authority, says
irops should Ue seeded now lor
early .spring grazing. Oats, wheat,
barley, or rye, or a mixture of one
or more of these, together with
crimson clover, sown (hiring the
early part of this month will pro
vide an excellent low cost feed for
dairy cows early next spring. When
a crop is . to be grazed, a dense
sod is highly important. Seeding
should be done liberally on a well
prepared fertile soil. A mixture of
three bushels of winter oats and
' 15 pounds of crimson clover or
' twb bushels of wheat and 15
pounds of crimson clover is recommended.
, SWINE
One good way to select breeding
slock and cull unprofitable sows,
says Specialist H. W. Taylor, is
to weigh litters at weaning time.
If all sows and litters have had
the same care, those sows which
produce the most pounds of pigs
at weaning time should be the
best breeding animals. This month
and every, month, Taylor said, san
itation and balanced rations are
two of the most important factors
in hog production.
v POULTRY
October is a busy month for the
poultryman, since the old poultry
year overlaps the new, says T. T.
Brown, State college .extension
poultryman. Here are a few sug
gestions which he offers: Select
next year's breeding pen or mark
the birds to be selected later; keep
the hens and the pullets separated;
if pullets have not beeri housed,
this should be done immediately;
check for drafts in the laying
house; feed high quality laying
mash ; never overcrowd birds; and
check' for lice and mites.
HORTICULTURE
The closing days of October usu
ally bring killing frosts to most
"Clean Up
or Close Up" Action!
The Brewers and North Carolina Beer
Distributors Committee was organiz
, ed for the purpose of cooperating with
state and local law enforcement offi
cials in helping to eliminate those re
tail outlets which permit law vioja
tions behind the respectability of legal
beer licenses.
Wayne County authorities in Sep
tember revoked the licenses of five
retail outlets because of improper
conduct of their establishments.
Wilmington officials closed an outlet
after attention had been called to its
operation in violation of the law.
A Mecklenburg County license was
revoked and another license was sur
rendered following our petition to
the County Commissioners.
It is our desire to continue cooperation
such as this with the constituted law
enforcement agencies of the state, its
counties and its municipalities in
bringing about conditions of which
the industry, the authorities and the
public may be justly proud.
You can help us by restricting your
patronage to the places that obey the
law.
' -
Brewers and North Carolina
Beer Distributors Committee
Suite 813-17 Commercial Building, Raleigh, N. C.
Colonel Edgar H. Bain, State Director
.sections of the state. Harvest sweet
potatoes before these frosts occur,
advises Robert Schmidt, associate
horticulturist of the experiment
station at State college. Avoid
bruising by harvesting carefully,
since heavy storage losses will oc
cur when potatoes are badly bruis
ed. Grade in the field, pack in
crates or baskets, and place in
storage with as little handling as
possible.
FAIRS
October is the month of fairs.
Leading the procession is the State
Fair, but then there are dozens of
other smaller events in counties
and communities where North Car
jlina farm products will be on an
nual display. Dr. II. O. Schaub, di
rector of the Slate college exten
sion service, ,says every farm per
son should attend one or more of
ihesc fairs and observe the agri-,
cultural exhibits, and see the pro
gress which farming and home
making has accomplished over the
year's period.
INSETCS
J. O. Itowell, extension entomo
logist, is advising all farmers to de
stroy cotton and tobacco .stalks in
,he fight against insects, If the
stalks are left standing, they will
provide a haven for hordes of in
sects that will attack next year's
crop.
TOBACCO
E. Y. Floyd, tobacco specialist,
says tobacco fields can be prepared
early for the sowing of wheat and
small grain. The fertilizer not used
by the tobacco is generally .suffi
cient to start the small grain grow
ing, so that it is only necessary to
top dress the last of February or
the first of March. This method
will give good results in producing
grain. Floyd says no tobacco farm
er 'should be satisfied until he has
grown .sufficient amounts of small
grain to take care of his needs.
State Colleg Answers
Timely Farm Questions
Q. Is it too late to sows hairy
vetch ? s
A. This legume may be seeded
any time during September, Oc
tober, or November, bWt should
be planted as early as possible for
a longer growing season. Where
the vetch is to be used alone as a
soil builder, use 20 pounds of seed
per acre and cover to abojit two
or three inches deep. Do not use
vetch and rye together for turn
ing under. Oats or wheat is best
if a mixture is wanted. Vetch also
makes good hay in combination
with the small grains as it in
creases both the yield and protein
content of the hay.
Q. Why is it that my scupper
nong vine grows vigorously but
does not produce any fruit?
A. In all probability you have a
male vine. With the muscadine
grapes, only the female plants
bear fruit, but there are staminate
or male plants in all the species
which do not produce fruit. It is
impossible to- determine to which
sex the plant belongs except dur
ing the blooming season and we
suggest that a sample of the vine
with blossoms be sent to the hor
ticultural department at State col
lege or to your local horticulturist
for observation.
Q. When is the best time to
harvest sweet potatoes?
A. The potatoes should be har
vested when, mature but before
the vines are killed by frost and
always before the first of No
vember to reduce losses from soft
rots. If the vines are killed by an
unexpected early frost, theyshoul
be cut from the stems immediate
ly and the sweets harvested as
soon as possible. Handle the po
tatoes as carefully as possible dur
ing the harvesting so as to pre
vent bruising as this will render
them subject to rots in storage and
make them unfit for market.
ton seed) This type of mixer is
easily . constructed by running a
one-inch pipe diagonally through
a barrel and attaching a crank' to
the pipe. Mount the machine on
two saw horses and build a tightly-fitting
door in . one end of the
barrel. A board anchored to the
inside wall of the barrel aids ma
terially in mixing the dust and
seed thoroughly.
Clean Chimneys Will
Prevent Farm Fires
Winter i.s approaching and soon
the rural family will find use for
its heating system, whether it be
a furnace, stove, or an open fire
place. Each of these types of heating
plants has a chimney, alu' right
now is the best time to clean that
chimney and check it for, cracks
which might cause disastrous fires,
advises i'rof. David S. Weaver,
extension agricultural ' engineer of
State college. "Of course, if a
stove pipe is the only outlet for
smoke, there is all the more rea
son to take precautions because
this type of equipment is usually
a greater fire hazard," he added.
Prof. Weaver pointed out that
stopped-up chimneys will cause
sparks to iour back into a room
and set fire to furnishings, and
often are the cause of spontaneous
combustion. Also, chimneys built
on wooden supports . or built out
of cheap mortar and soft bricks
are likely to crack. Sparks go
through the cracks to the .wood or
other inflammable material, and a
fire is started.
"Rural families need to take
extra precautions," said Prof.
Weaver, "because they do not have
the benefit of trained fire-fighters
found in the cities, nor do they
usually have the necessary water
pressure to properly fight a fire.
"The chief cause of fit e is care
lessness. It may be divided into
two types of carelessness one with
the material used in construction
of the house and its care, and the
other with the accumulation of
inflammable materials in such
places as to create a hazard."
Poultry Susceptible
To Colds In October .
Chickens, just like many hu
mans, are susceptible to colds at
this time of the year, says C, F.
Parrish, extension poultryman of
State college. The change of quar
ters, poor ventilation, crowding.
dampness, parasitic iinfection, and
under-nounshment are the chief
causes of colds in poultry flocks,
the specialist explained.
"Each bird should have from 3yi
to 4 square feet of space in the
poultry house," Parish declared.
"The roof should be checked to
eliminate leaks. If the opening in
front of the laying house extends
all the way across the front, the
opening' at each end should be
close J for from two to six or more
feet, depending upon the length of
the house, so as to help break the
draft through the house."
If colds or bronchitis develop in
the flock, Parrish recommends the
feeding of additional cod liver oil
on the grain for two or three
weeks. This is other than the
amount of cod liver oil in the
mash. A cod liver oil with known
vitamin potency should be used,
and the quantity recommended
should be mixed on the ' grain
fresh each day. The specialist al-
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1939
i ,
so said that the oil-coated grant
should be fed in a trough to avoid
picking up filth,
"Even though the birds do not
develop colds, if the pullets have
been raised in bare yards without
sufficient green feed and (he
shanks of the yellow ,skin varie
ties are pale when there has not
been heavy enough production to
cause this - condition, then it
would be profitable to feed some
additional cod liver oil for a few
weeks," the poultryman stated.
Parrish also suggested that flock
owners select at this season the
hens that have laid steadily through
the .spring and summer and are still
laying regularly, and mark them
for the breeding pen.
ADGT10H SALE
Will Be Sold at Auction
To the Highest Bidder on
Saturday, Oct. 14
Six Mares
Two Moles
(One "Mule Colt
N Sale will lie held at the
1 Mozeley farm, beginning
at 2 P. M.
Terms ean be arranged.
Mrs. W. IE. Moseley
i
Seed Treatment Will
Control Smut In Grain
Howard R. Garriss, assistant
plant pathologist of the State col
lege extension service, recommends
that farmers use fungacidal dusts
to control smut (bunt) of wheat
and other small grains if they are
unable to obtain smut-resistant va
rieties of seed. He points out that
smut diseases cost North Carolina
growers thousands of dollars an
nually in reduced yields of small
grain crops.
"Treating seed with such funga
cidal dusts as ethyl mercury phos
phate (Ceresan), copper carbonate,
copper hydro, cuprocide, or copper
sulphate will give excellent con
trol of covered smut, or that type
of the disease which attacks ' the
outside of the grain," Garriss re
oorted. "However, this method
cannot be used in treating loose
smut which is an organism that
works inside the seed coat.
"In the case of loose smut of
wheat and barley, the hot water
treatment when carried out with
proper care gives good control.
This treatment, however, is diffi
cult and dangerous to the seed
, . I, i t
and is recommenaea oniy wnen
known to be necessary and where
proper equipment is available," the
specialist added.
One-half ounce of ethyl mercury
phosphate,, costing about 5 cents
per ounce; will give control of a
bushel of seed. It should be ap
plied in a barrel type mixer (the
4..-. naail f - ..... tin xnt- '
PROTECT
" "
E
YESIGHT
With Scientifically
Designed Lamps
In spite of the progress which has
been, antf is being made, inadequate
lighting is still responsible for an ap
palling prevalence of defective eye
sight. It is hard to realize, however
it is true that an average of 2 out of
10 school children, 4 out of 10 college
students, and 6 out of 10 people
over 40 years of age have impaired
vision. The Illuminating, Engineer
ing Society is confident however, that
the portable lamps built in accordance
with its specifications and its studies
on school lighting will improve this
condition and result in the conserva
tion of eyesight.
SPECIAL OFFER ON
I.E.S. FLOOR LAMPS
95c Cash-$1.00 Per Month
Mazda Lamps Carton of 6 all sizes up to and
including 100 watt 84c including tax
NANTAHALA POWER & LIGHT CO.
Phones 50-57
Franklin, N. C.
lPS UKU " If"i wi-