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Mtyhlanite ffflaroman WEIMAR JONES Editorial Page Editor CAN WI? STAY FRKE? Another Yardstick Which to vote for. Republican Richard M. Nixon or Democrat John F. Kennedy? And what yardstick to use in measuring the two? The first yardstick that occurs to many voters is this simple one: Is he a member of my party? That yardstick has merit. But is it, alone, enough? We all know there have been incompetents and scoundrels in both parties. A second yardstick is the philosophy and policies found in the party platforms and set forth by the candidates themselves. Which is more right? And which is more likely to be effective ? not just to morrow, but in the long run? A third is the relative ability of the two candi dates. How much of what they propose is it prob able they will be able to achieve? A fourth is character. Which candidate is the more honest? can we believe what he .says? And which is the more. courageous? assuming he is hon est, has he the courage to stick by his convictions, come what may ? The latter question brings us to one often heard today: Which one will better "stand up to Khrush chev"? Without discounting the value of any of those yardsticks, we suggest still another ? one that is of primary importance, but that seems to have been largely lost sight of. In discussing the international situation, both candidates have had much to say about "freedom". Usually, what they mean by that word is national freedom. That, of course, is basic. If we should lose it, we almost certainly would lose our personal freedoms, too. But look at it the other way 'round. If, in saving our national independence, we should lose our per sonal freedoms, what would have been gained? After all, it was to establish persohal freedom that the American colonists fought for national inde pendence. And isn't there evidence that, in trying to save the latter, we may sacrifice the former? Who would deny that the average American to day has much less personal freedom than he had prior to 1914? In scores ? perhaps hundreds ? of ways, big and little, his life has become regulated. * ? * We have lost personal freedom in two ways: 1. In its struggle with dictators, our government has adopted dictator methods ? and rarely, at the end of the emergency, have those methods been wholly abandoned. 2. We have sought to solve the complex modern problems that face the individual through govern mentor -other corporate action ? and have con ditioned ourselves to, accept the controls that in cvilably follow, and to assume that the solutions of all problems require such controls. A few examples will illustrate: -V The 'draft. < "ompulsory military service was one of the things' many Kuropeans fled to America to escape. Hut the draft, first adopted as an enter gency measure, now is generally accepted as fixed national policy. ? The tfend toward denying a citizen the right to deterniine what organizations he will join. Iti some states today a man is told ? with govern ment sanction - that he may work only if he joins a labor union. ? Regulation yi agriculture. ? An ever greater control l>\ government, di rectlv or indirectly, of such things as prices and wages. About the latter, it is worth remembering that if government can set a floor, it also can set a ceiling ? as it did in World War 2. Another, rarely noted, is the curb on the citizen's right to protest. t That right is basic: and the most effective of all protests' is the refusal to pay taxes. (In the end, the citizen may be forced to pay. but his mere refusal is the surest way to make himself heard.) That method of protest has been traditional in America, ever since the Boston Tea Party. But how can a man refuse to pay tax that is de ducted from his wages ? how can he protest by holding on to tax money, when it's money he never sees or touches? Yet most Americans today pay a large share of their taxes through pay roll deduc tions ? in North Carolina, their state as well as their federal taxes! * * * Some of this loss of personal freedom may have been necessary. Hut how much? As we fight the cold war, it may be necessary to sacrifice still more. N But "how much? And how can that sacrifice he kept to the abso lute minimum necessary to survival? That is vital because personal freedom is an end in itself. Of more immediate concern, it is vital be cause freedom for the individual is our one invin cible weapon in fighting the cold war. The Com munists may overtake us in armament, in industrial production, in other areas. Under their system, they can never overtake us in freedom. That is the one thing we have to offer the uncommitted peoples of the world that the Communists can never offer. If we lose that, we- shall lose not only the cold war, but the very reason for fighting it. * * * We suggest, therefore, that the candidates be measured by the yardstick of freedom ? freedom for the individual. We suggest a hard look at these two men against the background of the American Bill of Rights. Which better fits into that back ground? Under which have we a better chance to save those fast-disappearing personal freedoms the Bill of Rights seeks to give us? As the reader studies those first ten Amend ments to the Constitution, to be found at the bot tom of this page, he will note a remarkable thing about them, one thing common to all ten : Without exception, they seek to protect the citizen against his own government. An Area College? That's an interesting idea that comes froiii Mr. Fulton Thont;fs.son, of Andrews. He suggests that a junior college he established at some point with in this five county state senatorial district. Mrj Thoniassoiv suggests it, and then proceeds to list 40-odd reasons why it is desirable. While the desirability of such an institution in this area is hardly subject to question, Mr. Thomasson comes up with some arguments in its favor that would not have occurred to most people. The two t.hing.s that seem to us to make it most desirable are these. 1. He cites figures to show that wherever a col lege is within commuting distance, a larger propor tion of the young people go to college. If that is true generally, it would be doubly true in this region. The physical nearness of a junior college would bring higher education within the financial reach of a great many students in this area. (That element would have stronger appeal to counties such as Cherokee, Clay, and Graham, which arc farther removed from Western Carolina College than are Macon and Swain.) 2. A really good institution of higher learning anywhere in this five-county tip of Western North Carolina would prove of incalculable value to the entire region ? financially as well as culturally. Is it possible to establish a good junior college in this region? Well, there would be -many and great difficulties. But almost anything is possible, if enough people want it, and want it badly enough. 80 Years Young lAsheville Citizen -Times) A certain gentleman whose name appears at the top of this page won't like this piece. He is and always has teen modest and unassuming without being ostentatious about it. He IS a gentleman of the old school, but he does not live in the past. In fact, his ln'erest in the present and future far transcends that of most of his younger contemporaries. He has labored long and well in these vineyards and we hope he will be doing so for many years to come. In short, this b to wish Mr. Charles K. Robinson a happy, hearty, bui belated birthday greeting. He was 80 years old last Thursday; almost as old as the Citizen, yet in spirit, mind and bearing he is as young as tomorrow. (EDITOR'S NOTE: The above tribute, from last Sunday's Citizen-Times, will be of special interest here, since Mr. Rob inson was born and reared In Franklin. Now senior editor of the Citizen-Times, he is the brother of Mrs. C. C. Daniels, of Franklin, and of Mrs. W. d. Hobart, of San Diego, Calif., who presently is here on a visit. What Salary In (North Carolina Education) Salary Is an amount of money that no matter how large it is some' people spend more than. LETTERS Like Franklin Editor, The Press: We are receiving our Franklin Press and find it very in teresting. We enjoyed the article "Why I Like Franklin" also the one by Lee Skipwith. We purchased a small farm south of Franklin in West Union section and plan to live there, starting April, 1961. We like Franklin and the people. They are very courteous and friendly. We feel at home and are looking forward to being your neighbors. MR. AND MRS. J. EARL ADAMS Fort Lauderdale, Fla. DO YOU REMEMBER? Looking Backward Through the Files of The PrMi 65 TEARS AGO THIS WEEK (1895) Regular Schedule Daily Hack Line Between Franklin & Dlllsboro, with Hotels and Stables at Both Ends of the Line. Call at the Franklin House, Franklin, or Mount Beulah Hotel, Dlllsboro, H. H. Jarrett and Sons, proprietors. Adv. Dr. J. H. Fouts moved into the new Allman residence Mon day. ' The mountains, like 'Joseph of old, arc now clothed in their coats of many colors. Mrs. George Jacobs and Mrs. Jenks, of Sapphire, spent a few days with friends here recently. 35 YEARS AGO (1925) Real estate sales here since August 1 total $350,000, the records in the office of the Register of Deeds show. Mrs. Charlie Crawford entertained the young folks of this community with a tacky party Monday night. Miss Dorothy Clark won first prize as the tackiest person present. 15 TEARS AGO (1945) Maoon County now has a lighted athletic field and new field house, equipped with showers, at the Franklin School. T. Sgt. Lloyd G. Waldroop has been awarded the Bronze Star for heroic achievement in military operations In Belgium. 5 TEARS AGO (1955) Preio J Dry man Monday night was appointed to serve the unexpired term of Oscar Ledford on the Franklin Board of Aldermen. . LYOTH EH ) \im>STH'K The American Citizen's Bill Of Rights Measure Candidates By This iLuuuivd nuu: i\ careiui reading of these first ten Amend ments to the U. S. Constitution will reveal that their purpose, without exception, is to protect the individual citizen against his own government. Broadly speaking. Article 1 seeks 'to protect him against his government's Congress: Articles 2 and 3, against his govern ment's military; Article 4, against the police; Articles 5, 6. 7, and 8. against the courts: and Articles 9 and 10, against centralization of power in a big and far-removed federal gov ernment.) ARTICLE I Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of re ligion. or prohibiting the free ex ercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press: or the right of the people peace ably to assemble, and to petitten the Government for a redress of grievances. ARTICLE II A well regulated militia, being necesary tu> the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arm:;, shall not be infringed. ARTICLE III No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered In any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war. but in a man ner to be prescribed by law. ARTICLE IV The right of the people to be secure in their peisons, houses, papers, and effects, against un reasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no war rants shall issue, but upon prob able cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly de scribing the place to be searched, and the 'persons or things to be seized ARTICLE V / No person shall be held to an swer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a pre sentment or Indictment of a grand Jury, except in eases arising in the land or naval forces, or In the militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall .any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopa:dy of life 01 limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness a gainst himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due pi-ocess of law; por shall pri vate property be taken for public use. without just compensation. ARTICLE VI In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial Jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which dis trict shall have been previously ascertained by law. and be inform ed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtainln-, witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. i ARTICLE Vn In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by juiy shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a Jury, shall be otherwise re-examinea in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the com mon law ARTICLE VIII Excessive bail shall not be re quired. n':r excessive fines im posed. nor cruel and unusual pun ishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX The enumeration in the Consti tution. of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. ARTICLE X The powers net delegated to the United States by the Consti tution. nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States lespectiveftr, or to the people 1 HOW ICE CREAM EVOLVED From Frozen Snow To The Cone CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR Ice ci earn may have been the invention of the Roman emperor Nero, who sent his slaves to get sncw from the Alps and flavor it to his taste Or again, Marco Polo may have been right when he claimed that the recipe he brought back from the far east had been used In Asia for thou sands of years. Historians disagree about the origin of ice cream, but cutalnly the development of the industry is characteristically Amer ican. It began in the inid-19th century when a Baltimore dairyman found the answer to the regular summer problem of all city dairymen ? an excess of milk during the sum mer season when the cows give the most milk and the customers go away on vacations. Jaocb Fussell, long before the era of commercial giveaways and opinion sampling, had several gal lons of milk frozen and delivered to his friends. Backed up by some newspaper advertising, this local publicity campaign brought in sc many orders that the dairy end cf the business was soon aban doned and the ice cream industry established. The trek westward of that era and the development of cities increased the demand for ice cream. But at that time it was frozen by the hand cranking method. With the turn of the century, people in all lines of work became invention-minded. An ice cream manufacturer noticed that at a nearby oil refinery wax was being chilled with brine cooled by an ammonia compressor. So when he had an argument with the man who delivered his ice, he bought a similar unit and adapted it to ice cream. This was the first brine freezer. Soon afterward came electric power and all its adapta tions. In 1874 ice cream first met soda water at a Philadelphia fair , a Soda water, the most popular drink of that era, was composed cf cream, syrup and carbonated water. When a dispenser of soft drinks ran out of cream, he sent an order bo a nearby confectioner for ice cream. Then because the customers kept rushing him, he used the stuff while it was still frozen. Ice cream sodas became the sensation of the fair. The sundae was the product of Sabbath day "blue laws." When the city fathers of Evanston, 111., turned their attenion to the soda fountain, a new delicacy was im provised for Sunday consumption. Many of the customers preferred their ice cream and syrup minus, the carbonated water, and the de mand continued throughout the week. The sundae has always given the creative customer the added thrill of self-expression. But it was the ice cream cone and the world fair in 1904 which rer'l. turned the stream of busi ne - ingenuity Into a gushing tide. Since the ice cream cone, novelties for the soda fountain, street hawk ing and the home have been ap pearing in endless variety. Alto gether they account for about half of the ice cream sold. THE SEA-PUSS Major Hazard For Swimmers Huntington (N. Y.) LONG-ISLANDER When all is said and done, we [eel quite sure that most Long Is landers who have an intimate knowledge of the sea that sur- , rounds us will agree that a great' er menace to bathers along the cuter beaches of the Island's south side than "any shark Is the sea- , puss. Despite its catlike name, the i sea-puss is not an animal, although the island's aborigines are said to have considered it so. It is a spe cies of undertow, but unlike the common undertow which oper ates unseen beneath the surface of the breakers, the sea-puss oper ates cn the surface and is plainly visible because, racing seaward to wards deep water, it carries an amount of sand. Nevertheless, those who have felt its power while swimming, say that the sea puss is more dangerous than the common undertow because It may envelop a swimmer without the warning suction that precedes the undertow's full seaward current. Although one might suppose that the sea-puss is something to be avoided, surfboard enthusiasts ? and there are many of them along the outer bathing beaches nowadays, in season ? Welcome the appearance of a puss and strive to get into its racing midst as it gives greater speed and ease to leaving the beach behind. They strive to hold the board in the very teeth of the curling monster and keep going with it as far out us the pull lasts. On his return trip in, however, the surfboarder wants no part of a sea-puss as it serves as a tremendous brake to ' the big comber that is bearing his board and him back to shore. But It Is this veiy familiarity with the sea-puss that makes it so much more dangerous than the below surface undertow. During the past summer some very adept surfboarders, risking a seaward ride in an especially strong puss, had to be rescued with lifeguard boats upon finding themselves much farther out than they re lished. And there have been a number of such reckless puss-rid ers who paid the supreme toll for their fool-hardiness. The word sea-puss is of Indian origin. It was borrowed In early f times by white residents of the east end to designate the custom of "letting out" the ponds that formed Inside the ocean beaches from storms and high tides. This backwater that accumlated in normally low places was a con stant menace to adjacent land, and because of this an Inlet was dug at times from pond to ocean to permit the sea water to flow back into the surf. The current caused by this ebb, carrying as it did great quanities of sand, they called sea-puss. This draining pro cess is still carried on by the towns of Southampton and East Hampton and although the dig ging is now done by highway ma chinery rather than by human shovellers It is still known to loc- , al residents by its original Indian' name. Sea-pusses, however, are not de pendent upon man-made Inlets to come into being. Whereever a large quantity of backwater accu mulates behind a strip of ocean beach there is always the possi bility of It being suddenly and un expectedly released seaward to create a swirling offshore current. WHAT HAPPENED TO INDIAN PEACH? Recently I wrote about a varie ty of peach tree whose peaches smelled and tasted more like peaches than any I'd tasted in years. Sent a sample off the tree to the Waynesboro Nurseries in Virginia. Promptly came back the answer my specimen was an Indian cling peach. Who remembers them? Accord ing to the nursery they areh't even being grown any more. Here's what was said: . . your sample was an Indian cling peach. It was popular as a pickle peach and was generally sold for home orchard planting. So long as housewives made pickles and preserves this peach was popular but this art is no longer generally practiced and there is very little demand for a pickling peach. We have dropped this variety from cur list and do not know of any other nursery growing it at this time." Mere's the pity that this really peachy peach has lapsed into in nocuous desuetude. Maybe some one in this area knows where I can get one or more Indian cling pepch trees. If anyone does, please contact. ? W. E. Horner in San ford Herald. Writes New Book Laid In N. C. "BETSY DOWDY'S RIDE' Mrs. Nell Wise Wechter, a na tive of Stumpy Point In Dare County, had her second book, "Betsy Dowdy's Ride," published Octcbcr 15, by John P. Blair, Pub lisher, f Winston-Salem. The book Is built on the legend of the famous ride made by Betsy Dcwdy, who crossed deep inlets and went through fearful swamps on her banker pony to save her beloved North Carolina from Bri tish attack In 1775. Lord Dunmore had attacked Great Bridge, Vir ginia. and it was to notify Gener al William Skinner in time to re lieve the American garrison that Betsy made her famous rtae. Mi's. Wechter says that there are "several accounts of Betsy Dowdy's ride. Each one is (flffer ent from the others; but the loc ation. the time, and the principal events remain the same." She says that it is her purpose "to present the legendaiy, Betsy as I believe she really was, for I am sure that her spirit will live for ever in our hearts side by side with the spirits of Virginia Dar? and Theodosia Burr." Mrs. Wechter's first book. "Taffy of Torpedo Junction," about a young girl who lived on Hatteras Island during the excit ing and dangerous time of Wprld Wai1 n, when German submar ines lurked off the coast, won the Noith Carolina A.A.U-.W. Award in 1957. Since Mrs. Wechter grew up on the coast and also taught school for six years on Hatteras Island, she knows the coast and its peo ple well. She and her husband' now teach in the Greensboro pub lic. achccl system. They have a daughter. Marcla. who ts a senior in high school.
The Franklin Press and the Highlands Maconian (Franklin, N.C.)
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Oct. 27, 1960, edition 1
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