Page TWO THE PILOT—Soulhern Pines. North Carolina THURSDAY. AUGUST 30. 1956 ILOT Southern Pines North Carolina •‘In taking over The Pilot no changes are contemplated. We will tpr to keep ® paper. We will try to make a little money for all concerned. Where feere seenw o y, sion to use our influence for the public good we will try to do it. And we will trea ry alike. James Boyd, May 23, 1941. Pearsall Plan: Lacking In Vision And Leadership When the Pearsall plan was being considered by the General Assembly during its recent ses sion at Raleigh, one observant newsman point ed out that legislators were receiving very few, expressions of opinion on the proposals from their constituents. Considering that the matter before the As sembly was so momentous, affecting the entire school system and, moreover, a matter to which most people react with no little emotion, why the state-wide silence? Did it mean, this ob server speculated, that the people were quietly pleased with the Pearsall plan and assumed without further involvement that the Assem bly was doing what needed to be done? Or did it mean doubt, puzzlement and lack of under standing about what was happening? The news correspondent compared the calm silence with that which is said to exist in the eye of a hurricane—^possibly presaging more disturbances yet to come. Whatever the silence was or why, it seemed to worry this astute observer of the North Car olina scene; and, we gathered from what he said, it caused some worry among the as sembled legislators. The September 8 voting on the enabling con stitutional amendment that would, if approved, put the Pearsall legislation into effect, will give some indication of what the people of the state think—not only in the outcome of the referen dum, that is, the numbers for or against the amendment, but in the numbers voting. If the people care as much about the schools as they are said to, the vote will be heavy. The Pilot urges every registered voter to express an opinion on the Pearsall amendment. We have been critical of the school closing and private schools “expense grant” provisions of this plan and even more critical of the method in which it was presented to the people of the state as the way to “Save Our Schools”—as though no other method were possible. But we think it would be a calamity if, at a major turning point in the history of the ■ state’s schools, the people did not bother to go to the polls and express their opinions, whatever those opinions might be. Along with others , who have criticized the Pearsall proposals or who have rejected them as futile and misleading, we intend to vote against the amendment. Along with these others, we believe that there is a sizeable group Qf people of good will in this state who feel that some compliance with the Supreme Court school segregation decision is inevitable and that therefore the Pearsall legislation, which is designed to evade that ruling and delay com pliance, is so much lost motion. Perhaps it is worse than lost, because the climate of opinion it creates is negative and obstructionist. By , placing its seal of whole hearted approval on a process of evasion, the State of North Carolina and its top officials serve to confirm racial attitudes and strengthen prejudices that will some day nevertheless have to be modified if the South is to fulfill, along with the rest of the nation, the destiny toward which Christian and democratic con cepts, by their very nature, point. Why not then, this group of people say, get on with the job now instead of struggling through the 10 or 15 years it could take to prove the unconstitutionality and the ineffec tiveness of the Pearsall plan? I There is another, and smaller, group of people who will vote against the Pearsall plan amendment because they.think it. does not go far enough in preserving segregation and be cause they think the General Assembly should be given power to close the schools on a state wide level. Even the piece-meal whittling away of the public school system authorized by the Pearsall plan is not enough for this group. They would, rather than see any segregation barriers fall in the schools, strike the schools a majestic blow and do away with them—^like setting fire to and blowing up a fort that can no longer be held against the epemy. However, the segregationist Patriots of North Carolina have now endorsed the Pearsall plan and it is doubtful if any extensive opposi tion will be given it from the extreme segrega- ' tionist position. Therefore, what opposition shows up for the’ plan in the September 8 voting will largely re flect the opinions of those who feel that the plan is: 1. Unconstitutional—as expounded by Dr. Douglas Maggs, professor of law at Duke Uni versity, at one of the General Assembly s pub lic hearings during the special session, who called the plan a means of “subterfuge and co ercion.” 2. Morally inadequate—as outlined by Paul Green, Pulitizer Prize-winning Tar Heel play wright, who said that the Assembly “devised ways and means of escaping our bounden duty as citizens in direct contradiction to our demo cratic faith” and said, “It is only by a patient and dedicated devotion to the principles on which our government is built—and which the United States has recently reminded us of— that our character as a people shall develop and our future be filled with joyful prOmise— a promise not only for ourselves but for the emerging peoples of Africa, of the Middle East and of Asia.” 3. Hasty, short-sighted and ill-considered—| as eloquently explained by Irving Carlyle, Winston-Salem attorney, who said: “Even though a majority of the people is opposed to integration, about which there can be no ques tion, still it does not follow that a majority favors the abandonment of our public school system rather than its preservation through a gradual compliance with the decisions of the Supreme Court. . . In the long run, which is just another term' for perspective, the solution of our educational problems must take into ac count a few fundamental principles, as well as prevailing customs and prejudices. . . Sweep ing throughout the world. . is a belief in the dignity of man and the worth of every in dividual . . That system of government, and only that system of government, will long en dure which guarantees under law to every man the right to achieve human dignity and indiv idual worth through his own efforts, and edu cation and religion and democracy are the chief means to that end. . . Time and not hasty ac tion will bring the right answer and. . . the answer. . . will be shaped by the conscience of man and will be in keeping with his moral concept of justice under law to all men.” 4. Dangerous and extremist— as seen by R. Mayne Albright, Raleigh attorney and a former candidate for Governor, who said, “Let us not destroy our public schools by removing the time-honored constitutional safeguards for a statewide system,” and who believes the “safe ty valve” of local option on school closings could become a “time bomb” to destroy the schools. Those, then, are four points of view, four attitudes that, we believe, are shared in whole or in part by more people in North Carolina than the Pearsall Plan advocates would have us believe. September 8 will tell us how many they are. While endorsing all these statements or at titudes of opposition. The Pilot would add an other which has not -been so widely stressed, although it has been pointed out before in these columns: the fact that the plan from the beginning was concocted without the partici pation of Negro advisers and, for this reason and other reasons, has earned the hostility of Negroes who constitute some 25 per cent of the state’s population and school enrollment. Whatever may be thd answer to the problems posed by the Supreme Court decision, it seems absurdly futile to seek an answer in a method that does not, from start to finish, recognize the aspirations of Negroes and attempt to work out a solution in a. spirit of mutual cooperation and respect. The Pearsall plan, in its whole tone and ap proach, as well as in its spec^ific legislative de tails, assigns to the Negro the role of an at tacker—a creator of “intolerable” situations— and to the white man the role of rescuer who, on September .8, is asked to “Save Our Schools.” An individual has a right to such an opinion. But it is unworthy, of the State( of North Caro lina—which is, after all, the Negroes’ State as well as the. white man’s State—to ask its citi zens to endorse, by altering their constitution, such a shabby and limited view of hxunan re lationships. North Carolina, the South, the nation and the world stand at a moral and intellectual fron tier in the matter of racial relationships. At this point, it seems to us, a governmental imit —no less the State than the United States— must assume the progressive role of leader and peacemaker rather than that of a preserver of the status quo and an endorser of existing hos tilities. No frontier, geograpl^ical or moral, was ever opened, no diversely thinking groups of people were ever united by rejecting aspira tion, vision and leadership to stand pat on things as they are—especially if the status quo is a time of unhappiness, uncertainty and con flict such as we in North Carolina and the South are now undergoing. Can the Pearsall plan do anything but pre serve or even increase the unhappiness, uncer tainty and conflict that now prevail in racial relationships over the state? Aside from all other considerations, common sense alone leads us to reject such a proposal -by voting against the plan on September 8. Then we should bring together the boldest and best minds of both races. On local and state levels, to work out the school segregation problem in an atmO' sphere of dignity, respect, and cooperation. The people, both white and Negroes, need vision and leadership—the kind Of leadership that creates unity from diversity, that compro mises but goes forward, that creates new at titudes, new understanding. The unhappy stalemate of racial relations as they are must be resolved. And the Pearsall plan, a retrogressive glorification of the status quo, can’t even begin to do what has to be done. “That’s Nice—I’ve Had Quite A Little Party, Too” An Open Letter to the Governor i^ .(2 n To the Editor: Do you sincerely want to get North Carolina out of the position of 43rd of the 48 states? Are you willing to face,' up to the danger signals that we are slipping, in spite of publicity being ground dut by the Department of Conser vation and Development in all their sincerity? Let’s discard theory and exam ine facts. For several years, not a month has passed in which I did not receive or develop one to three inquiries or leads of manufactur ers considering relocating or ex panding plant facilities into North Carolina. I have been involved in the actual movement of a number of them in recent years. The state still is getting a new industry here and there to be sure. Each one looms large, but in the aggregate the move is small, rela tively. The trend is slowing do-wn noticeably. It is becoming increas ingly difficult to interest manage ment to the point of actually com ing to our state after preUmineiry studies. <71 % They are finding out about the handicaps imposed by our person al property tax structure on in ventory. Any plant with inven tory on hand on a particular day, inventory in process, raw materi als on hand for manufacture, any finished goods on hand not actual ly delivered to customers, is sub ject to tax. In the case of printing, stationery, office supplies, janitor supplies, maintenance materials, and the like, they will have paid a use tax on them and have to pay the additional personal prop erty tax. It is a great burden to business, a deterrent to expansion and a matter of practical harm to North Carolina. From The Bertie Ledger-Advance Nickel Has Fallen To Low Estate Somebody once said that what this country needs is a good five cent cigar. Now the paraphrase would be “What this country needs is a nickel that will buy I something.” If you- had just one nickel and I could spend it for just one arti cle what article would you choose? Silly question? Maybe not. If you really set out to see what your nickel would buy I you’d be very much surprised. Everyone knows that the penny as we know it today is good only for paying sales tax or for being put into parking meters, which is in itself a sort of tax, but how many have thought of the plight of the lowly nickel? How many have considered how I its value has sunk? Most self-respecting coin-oper ated Coke boxes won’t even take him any more unless he is ac companied by a penny. Few eat ing places will accept himi for a I cup of coffee. Movies For Dime Time was when two nickels would amount to show fare on a Saturday afternoon and a fellow could ride the range through a double feature and, if he could wheedle another nickel front some unsuspecting adult, stop at the corner store and after much deliberation pick out enough candy to last him through the whole episode. Two nickels wouldn’t get ,a I youngster to the ticket taker to day and all the candies he could buy with one nickel would be lost in his hollow tooth before he I got a real taste of it. A nickel candy bar looks much the same today as it used to. The difference is in the pack aging. Time was when there was a little paper wrapped around a lot of chewy candy. Today there is a lot of paper wrapped around a thin piece of cardboard which I is twice as long as the candy bar itself. A diligent search will tprn I up the candy bar, though. All Not Lost However, all is not lost. There I are always stores in your town that specialize in small items, I such as the five and ten cent stores. They have nickel items, some amusing and some utilita- Irian, but few would be the things [we can’t do without. As most men do, let’s consider milady first. She can do nothing toward making herself lovely with the aid of just one nickel. Her choice in the line of cos- Imetics is absolutely nil. But, let’s begin and see just how fdr we can take this beauti fication thing. She can purchase la comb with which to comb her locks, clamps for curling them, hair clasps and bobby pins for I keeping them in place, but no shampoo for washing them. I What a mess! I She can buy a manicure stick for making her fingernails clean- *er, but no polish to add color. Believe it or not, that is the extent of the beautifiers she can get, and there’s a lot more to be beautified. For Nickel, Who Cares? Children, as usual, are well taken care of, especially in the line of school supplies and these are items they wish they had never seen. Such things as note pads, protractors, pencils, pencil clips, erasers, pencil sharpeners, and loose-leaf paper can all be had for a nickel each. They are not high quality merchandise, mind you, but for a nickel who cares. For that matter, to a child who cares anyway. Most grownups won’t believe it but there are even toys on the market to be had for one nickel. You couldn’t put a nickel present over on yoim child for his birth day, but here’s proof that some can be found. One can find tiny plastic cars, balloons, a toy badge, a small bag of marbles, caps for shooting in a cap pistol, and the ever-present BB shot. Not a very imposing list, but cheap! Couldp't Match Eve Next to cosmetics, the closest thing to milady’s heart is clothes. Now just what could she buy with one nickel that she would be seen with in public? You couldn’t match Eve lor clothing if you depended on the nickel. A little ribbon maybe, or a very small and very thin handkerchief fromi an odd lot would be about all unless you had rather try toe plates, heel taps, shoe laces or a lew buttons. There are some useful items to be had for a nickel, such things as: cookie cutters, glass coasters, salt shakers, paper plates, straight pins, pyrex cups, ash trays, nails, brackets, door hooks and very small wooden knobs. Certainly not the most glamorous list you ever saw, but useful. Ever get hungry? Candy is your best bet if a nickel is all you have. Candy bars, loose candy in very small amount, Life-Savers, chewing gum and tiny candy hearts make up the list of edibles. Who Wants That! Getting older? Feel yourself slipping? For one nickel you can get a rubber crutch tip to stop your skidding. Are you the practical joker type? Here’s a dandy little item: one plastic egg to be placed in the hen’s nest to make the old biddy think she is about to be come a mother, while all the time you are devouring her out- nut along with bacon and coffee. Some joke! In one of the stores we did find two items that seemed to cteme together everv time we thought of this subject of the nickel and its value—a shot glass, and a half bottle of after shave lotion (the cap had come unscrewed and half had spilled out). We know you can do bet ter, but not nearly so cheaply. Squeeze the nickel all you want. We don’t think the buffalo will hollow. He hasn’t the strength! Grains of Sand Furthermore, this state possess es the potential for being one of the greatest distributing points in the east due to its geographical lo cation. The city of Charlotte, for example, is a great commercial distributing point now, but could be a tremendous factor in the dis tribution of manufactured pro- ducts on the way to niarkets • throughout the east if it were not being held back by the personal property tax structure. Other cities such as Greensboro or Ral eigh could become equally impor tant. Statistic HERE’S a statistic to end all statistics: New Yorkers, all 8,- 200,000 of them, we are informed by the Sunday New York Times, live in the shade of 2,282,000 trees. It is assumed, but merely as sumed, mind you, that Mr. Moses, the good and kind boss of every thing beautiful in New York, was responsible for the count, though the Times gives credit to the Park Department. The trees—47,000 of them are sycamores—are causing no end of worry to the some 272 pruners the city hires to care for them. Just not enough time for the pruners to get around to look after each tree and givq it the in dividual care that New Yorkers think is necessary. To further complicate things not statistically, although there’s a bit (?) of a statistic here—the ' Park Department is thinking about hitting the taxpayers up for some $800,000 to get rid of some of the older trees. Shades of the Ginkgo! (that, we, and the Times, can inform you, is also a favorite tree in the Big City, best for coping with the gasoline and soot that New Yorkers life with and despise so much) maybe the Park Depart ment should come, to Southern Pines and take a look-see at the way we treat our trees. Must be more than two or three million in Southern Pines, counting the pesky “blackjacks.” WE don’t need any 272 prun- "ers. WE don’t need $800,000 to tear down any trees. Anyone care to make a count . . . fairly accurate? North Carolina has played os trich long enough. AU the prop aganda and advertising ^e can pour out will create interest dnly, to be found wasted after Indus- ^ trialists who go through, the pro- ^ cesses of sound investigation come face to face with the special tax hurdle. Our state government has claimed for years to be doing all it can to help the people. The re sult of all. that effort is the fact that we are 43rd of the 48. Is that success? There is one sound, sure answer to the situation if you are genuine in your pronouncements and will- ^ ing to face it. The State of North ^ Carolina must be declared a Free Port, and the personal property taxe eliminated. The PILOT Published Every Thursday by THE PILOT, Incorporated Southern Pines, North Carolina 1941-JAMES BOYD—1944 Katharine Boyd Editor C. Benedict Associate Editor Vance Derby News Editor Dan S. Ray Gen. Mgr. C. G. Council Advertising Mary Scott New;ton Business Bessie Cameron Smith Society Composing Room Lochamy McLean, Dixie B. Ray, Michael Valen, Jasper Swearingen Thomas Mattocks. Subscription Rates: One Year $4. 6 mos. $2: 3 mos. $1 Entered at the Postoffice at South ern Pines, N. C., as second class mail matter Member National Editorial Assn and N. C. Press Assn. As a free port, warehouses will spring up all over the state giving a big lilt to employement. Mer chandise in transit to ultimate markets and stored in such ware houses until actually sold or de livered would be free of that nui sance tax which costs more than ^ it provides. North Carolina manu facturers could transfer finished products to such storage, also, free of the burden of taxation for, the privilege of having produced it. Do you realize it costs almost as much in labor to take an inven tory in process of a hosiery mill or furniture factory as the amount of the tax? You heard the clarion call in the Chicago convention of “How long, || America?” That call belongs right at home—How long North Caro lina, must we wait to have this state throw out a petty tax struc ture in return for greater prosper ity for its people? How long must we stay in 43rd place because of a lack of boldness and vision? How long. North Carolina, imtil we can tell the producers all over the United States that here is the place into which to ship finished products on the way to market as the best distributing point east of the Mississippi? How long before a manufactur er can locate in North Carolina without that nuisance tax and the cost of taking the inventory, and instead can put that money into the employment of additional per sonnel? Finally, how long North Caro- lina, before officialdom becomes ^ interested in the knowledge and experience of those of its citizens who do not have political connec tions or aspirations? Let’s make North Carolina a Free Port and let’s get rid of that personal prop erty tax knowing that the amount of tax money lost will be more than made up by the income tax from the greater employment which will result. MARK JAY KING, Jr. Southern Pines.