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Thursday, November
Vol.1.
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vc ' ( ; TAUpOROPGH, N C.
T.,-. of t.A.-,ih;.-'Th7 pliticai-SWHii abort
furir.lirto Sulic.;f)f n, (Uiry Py"S ).. 1 "'
" ;', " ' Dillal per annjm.M br paid haM-'y ... advance. J
: Edtor.hti6erty ?wtrfke.ff the name of
- auefc a M' at tNft an?e lime aettte Hir anear.
' ' Jj viumviH iliall be Lufclithed i iheusual rate o) 50 Onti
;'; v --pe', iouar-s frthe 6i IoWmi, anO for eacVwUequi I in&T ; IWC .HfaCter
t inrtij.n Tvvertfy-five Cents, -Lethrt to the Ed.twr mitU letters JfOlQ .UOn
CONGRESS.
v," - ;j -
. I-'
THE ! NSTR UC I IONS.
i
-4
V;.
,fi ucr fioK' the Secretary State to the Qom
ni'ysiorcfrr'the Urtrttl &tacs, t'orrrcating of petCe with
tii eat Briraiji, c'ated--- ... ..".'. ' . -4,
' " An opportunity offering, 1 avail my
. felfoJ it to explain more fully the views
of ihePrefident on certain fubje&s already
Heated on. in yoor inftruftions, and to
communicate his fenfiments on fome b
thers, hot adverted to in-them.
' . The BritiHi govern metit having re
' pealed the orders in council, and the
blockade of May, 1806, and all other il
legal blockades, and having declared that
it would inftitute no blockade which
fhould not be fupported by an adequate
? force, it was thought better to leave (hat
Queftion orTtrTat ground, than to continue
the war to obtain a more precife definition
of blockade, after the other ellentil cauf.
of the war, that of impreirmenr, (houd be
removed. But when iris confidered "tliat
a ftbulated definition of blockade wi ! !
. cofi Great Britain nothing after having
thus recognized the principle, and that
. luch definition is calculated to give addi
jiojaalirifiderici future lecurity of
' our, commerce, it is expected thatfhe will
, agree to it. It is true, this caufc of War
: being removed, the. United States are un
der no obligation to continue if, tor the
IiAvant of Arch itipulatedefinitionmoie;
- dpeciaily as they retain I in their hands iUn
remedy, rgainft any new riolation otli-ir
eights, when ever made --Th e aril h c-
'Among the advantages t attending ov"
fuccefs in Upper Cariada .was the jmpor
tain one of making capture ot Gen-1 lec
tor's baggage with all th'public docu
ments belonging, the Bntilh. EOYern
ment in his polTeu1on. It is probable that
the documenuiU 6e laid before Qci
they are of V nature highly inter
eftms to tuvnnhiSri-'.VYba will undeiUand
their ; true qr. by extracts of two
letters from '.Go n6r Cafs; which are
endofed to ydu.: B tjfe it appears that
the Britifh Rovernment.Ka wrcifed its
influence over the lndiar( Utes within our
limits, aswell as elfe where, ;n peace, for
noiiie purnoies Jie uniiMj
i'state; and traV'ne ifniunia,
imcetne war, were, jrnianz muaiiccs,
know n to, and fa?,lioxicd by the Briufli
government;: : "
I have the honor ?p be, &c. kc&o--4'
-(Signed). J AMES MONRO!!.
Mr. Monroe,- Secretary of Slaie, to the Pienipofr tttarioi of
the United State, at St. Peteiklurp.
Dtfiurtmcnt cf S'a!eyJan, 8 ?A, I i hi.
. Gi?NTLt:.iENIj have. aheUionor to
tranfmit to you a copy of k letter from
-Lord Caltlereagh to this dciartment, and
defcrting in bur ports in future from Bri
rifh ,vefiels, public or private. U was pre
fum:d.by all difpaflionate-perfons that the
'late-, taw of C'jftgrefs relative to Teamen,
would effectually accoinplifh the objeci ,
But ihe l'refident is willing;- you find,
10 prevent -a-poffibiUty-of failufe; to go
furtr.-:.- :r ,'. ' J. f : J. . r?
t Should a treaty be made, jt is proper;
and tro;!d have a concBia.tbrrR5cl, that
all ovrimpreffed Teamen who may be dif.
cliard;under-it;lhbald be f aid for their
ierri&d by the BritiftvRcernment, for
ihn line of their etenrcrnsT
' m&c h the "fiiblea next in point
that the fentimehts of the'-Prefident.at
the fame in every inftance, and that the
veaions tor maintaining mem nave DecuiTTfr
of a note' from Lord Cathtart foihe RuO
fian.governmenr, with my reply to the
comtnuhication.
The arrangement c f a negotiation to he
held atGottenburgi-diredly between the
U.. Starts and G. Utitain, without the aid
of the Ruffian mediation, makes ir necef
faTy that new cnmiflions fhould b? if-'-fued
corrcfpcident witn it, and Tor this
purpofc that atievv nonnnation fhould be:
made to thezknate.l'hePrefident in
Urucls me to inform you, that you w:l!
both be iuchided in it, and that hewifli.
cs you to repair, immediately ori the re.'
cefpt of this, to the appointed rendez
vous It is pobable the bufinefs may not
bc'imited to yourfelves on-the account of
the great intcreU involved in the refu't.
The commi&ons and 'inftrutions will.
.be u u I y o t wa V d ed ' t o y.ou, as foon as the
arrangements can be imaliy made.
. In taking kveof the Ruilian govern
rmfnt son vlJ . Ve cartful mahe. iino-
cf jortance, which you-will have to
arrant?. In the inffruttions bearing date
on the nhof April, 181 , it wis remark
eJ, that: us die Britifh government had
revoked its orders in counciirand agreed
that no blockade could be . legal whiqh
was not fuppctted by an adequate force,
and th?t fuch adequate force fhould be
applied to any blockade which it . might
hereafter inttijute, this caufe of contro
verfy Teemed to be removed. Further re
flection, however, has added great force
to the expediency and importance of
precife deilnijioa of the public law on this
fubject '111 ere is much caufe to prefume,'
that, if the repeal of the orders in council
had taken place in time to have been
known ,iere before the decoration of
r naa naa tne efiect or preventing tne
narV la itai'U AhT..?MC ir.6?p.
Jjucin,'fvr if t fie lritifh government nd it
Tued orders ;o its cruizers not'tp impre.'s
feamen from our veflels, and notified the
fameltothis gonmenhat'auTcKof
var wouia.atio nave Deen removed, in
making peace it is better for both nations,
t hat the con tro veriy ref peeling t he f) lock -ade,Thojufd
be arranged by treaty, as well
" as " rhat refpecling-i(nprefTrnenr. I he 0
rhiffionJo arraneit may r?e productive cf
injury. Withoot a precife definition of
blockade, improper, pref en fions might be
Tet up on each fidt, refpectmg their rights,
'which niight poffibly hazard the future
good under ftandingbet ween t he two coun.
" Should a reflitution of territory be a-1
greedonf it, will beproper for you to make
a provificn for fettling the. boundaty be
tween the United States and Great Bri
tain on the Sr. Lawrence and the lakes,
from Jhe point at which the line bervvecn
them Ttfies the St. Lawrence, to the
..ncrth-wetern corn er of the Lake of the
Woods, according to the principles of the
treaty of peace. . " ;
jAfiC lettlement of this boundary
r . i i'.fb Cm Ctbi Iks of 'h- FreH Jvtu to ill
friendly difpofition of the Einperorman
ifefled by the offer of his mediation ; the
regret felt at its rejection by the Britifh
government ;and a defirejhatin futui e
the greateit confidence and -cordiality,
and the belt underftanding may prevail
between the- two governments.
1 have the honor to be,,&c. kc. &c. '
(Signed) JAMES MONROE.
Mr. Moriiy . Sccctary of State, to the AnuricAii'icnipo'cn
u.ies at Gottenburj;. "
' . Dfi irtment of State, Jan. 28, 1814.
Gentle mfn, The Britifh govern
ment having declined the Ruffian niedia
tion,andpropofedto trer directly with the
United States, the -Trefident hns, on due
eon fideraticn, t hough t proper to arcepr
the overture. To give efiect to this ar
rangement, it was neceflary tliata-new-
imporfant from the orcumftance that
there are feveral iflands in the rirer and
Ikes, of fome extent and great value, the
dominion overw hich is claimed by both
parties. It may be an advifable courfe to I
appoint cornnuiiioners on each fide, with
fill powers to adjuft, on fair and equita
ble conliderario:, this boundary. To
table you to adopt a fuitablc prcvifion
f r the purj-ofe. it u ill je proper, for you
torecurtotheinfirucfionshcrttoforegiven
u the lubjc'Cl, rubh'fjiedinthe documents
m ycur pofitfiion.":
cornmiflion fhould be formed, and for that
purpofe that a new nomination fnoiild be
made to the Senate, by w hofe advice and
content this important trufl is committed
to you.
A'ou will cenfider the inff ructions given
Lto4he.com million to 'treat under the me
diation of Ruffia, as applicable to the ne
gociation with which you are now charg
ed, except as they may be modified by this
letter. ; r ,
I fhallcall youratfentionio the moff im-
w
declaration, not onlv that no provifion
would have been obtained againffimprefl
ment, but that uider the name of block
ade the fame extent of coalt would Jiave
been covered by proclamation a? had been
covered by the-orders in council. The
war, which thefe abufesand impreffment
contribu'ed fo much to produce,' might
poffibiy sr event that conftquence. Bat
it would be more fatistcctory, if not more
Me, to rqiard againitv it by a fon'aLdefi
niiion iiithetreaty. It is true, mould the
i . n - - - - - ' - - --- -
i.r!inn gc.vt:nmeriniem violate agam me
lei-'jma'e prircip!es of 'blockaub, in what
ever tirm under w iatyet pretext i$r
ritvtnt uon'cViK ots'c -oiM
en. the.i hans acorre;po.idtnt reforr ;
bui a prhvipie object in making peace is
to prevtiv, by the juftice and reciprocity
of the conditions, a recurrence aain to
war, frr lie fam e caufe. 1 f t he Biitiffi
governme it fincerely wifhes to make a
dui able p-nce with the United Stares, it
can have ro rcafonablc objection to a juft
dctinitibh of blockade, eipecjally as the
two govcraments have .'greed in their cor
reipondence, in all its effeiitial features.
The inflradions of -the 15th of April,
j S 1 3, fiave flated in what manner the
PreAdent .'s willing to arrange this differ
ence. ' : " - . ; ;' ' " . -
more evident and ftrong finice the date ot
thofe ihdruftronSftl
In accepting the oVerture of tlie Britift
government ta treat independently of the
f Ruffian 'niedIat:6n,lhe'U.rafeli''haVtfal
ed on principles which have goverpeq
them in every tranfaction relating to peace
fince thewar. Had the .Britifh govern
ment accepted thd Ruffian mediation the
U. S. would nave treated for tfrtmfeiye?,
independentlof any other power, and
had Gre?t Briiain met them on juft condi
tior.s pacr-t would h&rr. ven fclmrrtc-"
diaterefulr. .Had fnerefufed to accede
to fuch conditions, and attempted ro dic
tate others, a knowledge of the views of ,
other powers. on thofe points might have
been ufeful to theU. States. In agreeing1
to treat directly with G Britain, pot orily
h no conceffioncontemplated on any point
in controverfy, but the fame defire is che
rifhed to preferve a good-underffanding
with Ruffia, and otherBaltic powers, as
if the nepotiation had taken place under
the mediation of Ruffia. :' ' f
It is probable that the Britifh govern
ment may, Jitve declined the Ruffian me
diation, from theapprehenfionof -an un-:
derftanding between the U. States and
Ruffia, for very differest purpofes frbia
thofe whfch have been contemplated, in
the hope that. a much better treaty might
have been obtained of the United States, -in
a direct negotiation, than could be ob
tained under the Ruffian mediation, and
with a view rtOT profit of ;the cnnceilion-
On the o her neutral rights, enumerat
ed in jhe :brniiir-inftructions, T thall re
mark only, that the catalogue is limited in
a manner o evince a fpirit of accommo
daiion ; tlat the arrancement-brooofed
Mi. M.
0 Uic ritnirountutici r
t 5t Ve-nA-ius.
vEr?Ti:EMf.:;,- ;-havenct. received a
-bttcrfto.r. yiu ,ir.cj yourapr. inrmrnt to
meet mmiiiers fn,ni Great Britainat S:.
etf1ff'irg, to net:nciato a trcrty of i.ce
' uir - mediation of ihe Tnntrr.r of
-
cv.ir:,: to the
porrant grounds ot the controvert with
G Britain only, and make fuch remarks
pneacn, and on tne wnoiembcct ueiuivc r.ir. u s ojuany proper tnat tne negroes
occurred fincc the dale of the former .in-i taken from the fouthern ftates fnould be
iireach in lance is jult in itfelf ; that it
corrcfponiis with- the general fpirit of
treaties be'wren commercial powers, and
that Grea: Britain fiasfanctioned it-in
many treaties and gone beyond it in fomer
' On the claitnt o-indemnity for. fioaV
Hons, 1 ha e only to refer vou to what was
faiil the former inftrions. 1 have to
adtv that fiouJd a treaty be formed, ti is
juff in itfelf, and would have a' happy' ef
fect on the future relations cf the two
countries,?! indemnity fhould be ftipula
ted on fad- fide, for the deftruction of all
unfortified towns, and other private pro-
pert ?, contrary to the laws and ufagos of
ftructiens, and are deemed applicable tu
the prtfent juncture, taking into view the
negotiation in which you are about to en
gage. I .
- On impreffment, Xi to the right of the
United States to be exempt from it, I
PiLnSEewJPJdd
oT the Prefident have undergone no
chance on that important fubjecT This
refforcd to their owners, or paid for at
their f u'l va -ue. It is known that a fhame
ful traffic has been carried on in the Weft
Indies, by the fale of thofe pcrfons there;
by thofe who profefied to be their deliver
ers. Of this fact, the proof which hns
jitch ed thi'epir t men t fh a 1 f t 1 1 1 f h
ed you. . if thefe ffaves are confidm! a:
nrn-coir.latar.ts, they ought to be reflor
degrading practice mu.'t ceafe ; our fl.ict J cdif zs rropcrtyieyxrrrsht uepajti for.
tr.ufl orotect the crew, cr the Unite i I The treaty cf peace contains an article.
Sru'es cannot conlidcrthcmft'vcsan inde-! which recorizes this principle.
per.iicnt nation, i aiettle tr.ts diilereiu-ej- 'ne view wmcn 1 r.ave lacn 01
he r-e.ider.t is v.-i!!ine,as 'itr: rorJitiop.cn wn- b you arcton. lilt. 1
!nhev:cw which I have taken of the
which might thus .be made by the U. S.
in future negotiations with the Baltic pow
ers. If this was the object of the Britifh
government, and it is not cafy to conceive
any other, it clearly proves the advantage
TdBe derived in the propoed negotiation,
from the aid of thofe powers, in fecuting
from the Uritifh government luch condi
tions as would be fatisfactory to all pap--.
ies. It would be .highly honorable as ,
well as advantageous to the U. b. it the
negotiation wit h. which yon- are charged
Humid nfiuiioT .(-'";.. ra.ry
I have the honor tc be, &c.
Signed J AS. MONROE. .
Mr. Momoe, Secretary of St .t:to the Pienipotcnuariei cf .
1 the..jLt-.Statcj.3-Co.,tenbut)u- - . ' '
Departrent of!atc. Jan. 2, 18r4.-
- Gentlemen, -In addition to the
claims to indemnity, ftated in your pre
ceding inftructions,! have to requeft your
attention to the following, to which it-is
prefumed there can be no objection
On the declaration of war by the U. S.
there happened ro be, in the ordinary
courfe of commerce, feveral American
veflels and cargoes in the por's of G. Bri
tain, which Were feized and condemned ;
and, in one inftance, an American fhip
which fled from Algiers, in cbnfequence
cf the declaration of war by the Dey, to
Gibraltar, with the American conlul and
fome public ftores cnrl?o.trd, fiiareda like
fate. . . -". L" y-;-,
After the declaration of war, Congrefs
pafled an act allowing the BritifliTubjects?
fix months, from the date of the declara
tion, to remove their property out. of the
U. States, in confequence of which many
vt Jels wereremovedwith their c roes
I rdd, with confidence, that on a libera t
ccnltruction cf the fpirit of the law,lomc(
vtvlels v. ere permitted to depart even alter
thi crrpiraficnof the ternrfpecified in the.
law. i'will endeavor to ; ut in your pof
fwijcn a lift of tih;fe', cafes. A general re-,
ciprooal provifion, iioucver, will be br '
1 have the honor to 1-?. hi
. Gacd)' JAMLS MONROE.
r.fru ihe ftraiy of fl'atc to ihe Ccn?r.i::icrK.N cf Ibc V.
5 atct ijt itetir.i S G. t? i:aiu, dca
, - . D; i.r ,::.ti ffutr. I'ri. !P, 'W
GtNTi.E en Should you conclude .1
treaty and not ob:ain3 fatisfactory r.r
rTnTITnefLrorihlrrf insil ber
proper for you to pro Vic 'thai the Unite!
Stale flail I;aveaovi:vheof any flipm:;
tions mote tavoralN to ncul natior.
between Gr-.t
A ;:rcce:Jc.:i
4iiriititc!a'a-
hr.t may bc-cttabhfied
ii!
tmiJid otner rx:xv??
;:cii i:0ilWi ii fr-u-i.
!i.n htviccn orii.t ir;tat:t . rna i
t.r
IitiVciri . , . " -
: the r tr -cpuclicj. arc already informed - by- tr.ejormer m-; pro,iei na-cciauc.n, you wi;H:au,on a: ,c,,:jI;r on u:; $:h t'cUXr. i.coi,
I yry , ' i'tKc.Prtfidenr, cf w hlch ffruaion, :o remove all pretexts for i, : arlft-r. vf ther.i.with t!;of- .'hud in CV4.?,.ui-Cry of the r.Wect" ;: ;d arrck,
.V" "i3cr to tr2r..r;.;it vnv-'a conr. I to the RntifH Government: bv exc!ud:::.t ! thj frr.rr' n.'truct:cns, that there, h no L,i nr:T.!:o:ro;;t:t!id ftiur.n t!:-1 1
. rrefs on iiri;:s i feauun from our vefl-lsarv! r.urhJ J T i -,Tce between them, the fw 1 cn ".ic r.l r.l i're hnx year."
' r:rfi -.,"1 ',-41 U: 1'li:r:'- to '.hat j cu to ci- ;rJ the cxdu fieri to alf "B. .iV'i Uv.l :: .1 '.'i;nis to indeiimiy cx- - j tls:c ti l.r 1 e, Vc. -
. ti
1 :.t
SI
is 1 nsmr-Jircd, and to Kpziiz ,:tz - j .
J;::r;ndfr cf all '
t'i