Newspapers / The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, … / July 15, 1910, edition 1 / Page 6
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P r T Farm Department Devoted to tke Interest* of Tkoit Eatfafrd ia Agricultural Puraaits. Conducted by J. M. Beat* i r DO YOU HAVE MILK AND BUT-11 TER. A man from the grain growing ( lection of North Carolina was hero sometime ago after he had traveled { in Johnston County for awhile and expressed great surprise that he . found milk and butter at such few places in the county. Why is this? It is because the people have neg-, lected to buy cattle and build pas-, tures for them. If a farmer doesi not care for a drove of cattle it does ?eem he might have at least one milk cow. We can think of nothing, which helps out the table more than' milk and butter. The expense of keeping n cow need not be great if proper arrangements are made and the saving In expenses of living is reduced considerably and especially when everything Is so high. Milk and butter mean more meat to sell to the man who raises meat and less to buy to the man who does not raise it. Cstton Mills' Real Ailment. It Is usual to blame the cotton manufacturing Industry's prelent de pression upon abnormal relations be tween prices for raw material and j finished product. This explanation i apparently explains well enough. Rut if the whole trouble lies in high priced cotton and relatively low priced goods why is it that manu facturerers of woolens, silks and all other textiles for wear are also mak ing loud complaints? The woolens in dustry is protetced by an unjustly high and almost prohibitive tariff schedule, it enjoys the benefits of or ganizations, and the price of its raw material is not much more than or dinarily Uigli. In the silk industry raw material is not high at all. Yet these industries are as badly off as their cotton cousin. It would seem probable that a general lack of pur chasing power or inclination on the public's part is much more responsi ble. High cost of living, together with the factor of unprecedented ex travagance in certain directions, In clines the public toward an economy j go convenient. Less wearing apparel Is bought than before. All trades have their special problems at times, but we have no doubt that if the American people began buying cotton' good* freely again the cotton Indus-1 trj's raw-material difficulty would shrink to Insignificance overnight. Suppose cotton were dependent up on the home market's demand. Then, even though the supply were pro port'onately shorter to that demand1 norma',ij than it now is the demand from the world at large, cotton would favi vtry badly indeed. As matters stand, cotton enjoys a world-wide market while cotton goods are sold almost entirely at home. Under conditions where home demand fori cotton goods and consequently for cotton alBo is depressed the raw ma-! terial has an advantage which the: finished product has not. Foreign] markets save the day. So It cannot be considered merely an unpleasant, accident?a sufficient explanation In Itself?that abnormal relations be tween cotton and cotton goods ob tain. These are essentially an effect, not a cause. They are symptomatic of conditions which need to be rem edied. That is to say, we must?by building up our merchant marine and ij all other proper means?sell a considerable proportion of our cotton )ds as well as our cotton abroad.? Charlotte Observer. Comparative Intensive Farming. In Indiana there is about 38 acre9 of all crops farmed by each person engaged at farming, and the average corn yield Is nearly 40 bushels per acre for a few years past. It is said that In Arkansas there are fif teen acres of all crops per each person engaged In agriculture. In Ohio the number Is thirty acres and in Iowa sixty acres per person. So far as an average of crop area is con cerned, it might be said conditions In Iowa point to much more extensive farming. But bow do results com pare? In Arkansas the yield of corn per acre is eighteen bushels, and the average annual income per each person engaged in farming is $170. The census figures for Iowa show 4hlrty-two bushels of corn per acre and an annual average Income per farmer of $611. On, the face of the entire returns farming Is vastly more intensively carried on in Iowa than In Arkansas. This Is the kind of In tensified farming that counts. The number of acres farmed peed not be considered. Acres are immaterial? there may be 20, 100, 1,000, or more tile "yield per" is what brings the profit*.?Indiana Farmer, Jnited States Department of Agrl- a culture, Bureau of Plant Industry, a Farmers' Co-operative Demonstra- a tion Work. I; a \ personal letter to Southern plant- j iis about: j Cowpeas. < Do not fail to remember the lm- j [>ortance of planting every available I ?ultivated acre of cowpeas. They are 1 valuable for the following reasons: 1. They are a fairly good human food. 2. They are one of our most nuttrl-1 tious foods for stock. < 3. They shade the soil during the I Hottest part of the summer, thus I lining in the formation of valuable 1 nitrates. 4. If turned under, the vineB add < considerable fertility to the laud. J' 5. The presence of decaying roots, stubble and vines in the soil helps to convert mineral substances into I plant food. 1 6. If picked, the peas alone art worth from eight to twelve dollars per acre. ' 7. The vines that grow on an acr. planted between the corn are worth from six to ten dollars , for stock food. , 8. Through :hcir roots, peas put Into the soil from four to six dol lars worth of nitrogen per acre. Most of our unprofitable soils are lackiug in this cuhstance. 9. The vines, roots and stubble help to make the soil loose and eas-' ily cultivated. 1C. They niso absorb anil retain moisture that will aid the next crop to go easily thiough a drought. 11. The roots of pea vines are good Kuhsoilcrs. They go to consid arable depth and open up the earth so :hnt air and water can make a deeper soil. 12 Peas get their nitrogen from' the air, free of cost to the farmer, so that very little nlrogen Is need ed In their fertilizers except for very poor soils. 2 13. Peas feed strongly upon the supply of potash and phosphoric acid, thfc.efore, these substances should b? supplied to them. Many crops fail for lack of acid and potash. 14. The price of peas is higlv but this does not keep the wise far-( n:er from planting them: He is thinking of the ten dollars in value he is to receive later for every dollar inves'ed in them now. 1". Let no farmer neglect to plant abundantly of this important crop,' plant some for hay; plant some on poor land for turning, under; plant tome for grazing by horses, cows.j hogs and other farm stock; and by \ all means plant and cultivate a few acres from which to obtain seed peas for next year's planting. Then you will rejoice if the price Is high. lfi. Plenty of cowpoas on the farm make loose fertile lands, strong, fine stock and contented, prosperous farmers. Very truly yours, S. A. KNAPP, Special Agent in Charge. Washington, D. C., June 20. 1910. Cultivation of Corn. Corn, like all other vegetables, ob tains its food from the soil through 1 Its roots, says one of the State sta-1 tions. When cultivating it the least disturbance of the roots possible leav-1 es them in the best condition to feed the stalk. Little disturbance of the roots means shallow cultiva tion. On poorly plowed and careless-J ly farmed land, experiments show that corn roots grow closer to the surface than in well and deeply plow-' ed fields that have been opened to considerable depth by the growht of clover. Such a field cannot be cul tivated as deeply as one where the seed t>ea nas Deen intelligently pre pared. Cultivation simply to get rid of weeds is not enough. Corn should also be cultivated to retain moisture j in the soil. "Wet soil can he opened to evaporation, aeraiton and warmth! by cultivation, and, if the cultivation1 is not deep enoujfh to injure the' roots, corn can be worked in until i after tasseling if a one-horse cultiva tor be used. It is not necessary to stir the soil more than two inches deep to keep it in good condition. A surface culti- j vator is used at the state experiment station after the first or second culti vation, and it is found to be very ef ficient.?Indiana Farmer. Peas Every Third Year. The pea should be the most abund ant plant upon every farm in the South. The intelligent and econom ical faruiet will so manage his land that it will produce at least one crop of peas every three years. Whether! these peas are turned under or are saved and fed, they cannot fail to pay. No man has done his full duty to his farm until he has seen to it that peas are growing upon every foot that it is possible for them to grow upon. Plant peas early in the morning, at noon, in the evening. Plant them earl.f in the season and later, pjant peas as long as ther? is a ] chance for them to make anything,1, nd then, when next spring conies' ,nd your neighbor is paying 20 cents i pound (or nitrogen and starving lis plants (or it, show him your crop ind with pencil and paper (igure how nany dollars the peas have saved *ou. Then when harvest time comes :ount these dollars. One last word, plant peas, plant peas, plant peas! ?. J. N. Barrow, in Raleigh (N. C.) frogressive Farmer and Gazette. Men Who Can Not Grow Hogs. There are, in (act, onlj^two classes )l men who can not profitably grow logs. The (lrst clsas is composed o( :hose who will make no provision (or he (eeding and care o( their animals; tvho expect them to pick up a living ihrojg'i the summer and then to be Fattened on corn in the (all and winter, or who keep them shut up In a filmy little pen the year round, feeding them on unwholesome slopi and nigh-priced corn that has been sliipptd from the West. The other class is made up of those men who an not understand that any (arm ani mal, even the pl?<, is entitled to good treutmer t and some consideration of ( his wanta?mm who do not realize that 1( the hog is to produce pork cheaply he must be made comfort able, and that when it is a question of getting a prodt out' o( the pig, , the pig's wishes, rather than those of his ov/ner, are the (lrst to be considered. The pig wauts several things, and these he must have l( he is to pro duce poik cheaply. He must have good (eed and plenty o( it; he must have pure, fr-'sh water to drink; he must have clean quarters and enough range to keep him active and heal thy; he must have shade in hot wea-! the"; and he must be kept (ree (rom lico so that what he eats will go to the building up o( his own bo dy instead o( feeding these parasites. ?Raleigh (N. C.) Progressive Fanner and Gazette. The Railroad Rate Bill. The railroad rate bill which has engage* the chief attention of con gress for more than four months has become a law, and was signed by the president June 18th. It is being he ralded in many papers of the country as ii great forward step in railroad rate legislation, and the administra tion is receiving praise for securing its enactment. Wallaces' Farmer has followed the fight to secure this leg islation very closely. In some re spects the bill as finally passed, is an improvement over the old law; in most respects It is not. That it is an improvement at all Is due to the heroic fight made by a handful of western republican senators, among waom we mention, Cummins and Dol liver of Iowa, Bristow of Kansas, Clapp of Minnesota, La Follette of Wisconsin, Beveridge of Indiana, and a few others who took a less con spicuous part. When the bill was ?s'-'it to Congress by the president he served notico upon the republican members of the senate and house that he expected them to support it as it was transmitted. Had the bill passtd as It was recommended it would have undone most of the re forms in railroad management which have been secured during the past ?en to fifteen years. That our read-, ers may have a slight understanding of the difference between the bill ( as it finally became a law and the bill as it was first sent to congress by the president, we will, as briefly, as possible, point out a few of these differences. I The bill creates a new court, called the Court of Commerce, which has jurisdiction over cases brought on ap-| peal from the decision of the Inter state Commerce Commission. As or-J iginally drawn this court was evident ly given the power to pass upon not only the rights of the commission to( make the order appealed from, but, the reasonableness of the order it self, thus giving it more power than the circuit courts now have. An i amendment was forced through, spe cially stating that nothing in the bill , shall be construed as enlarging the Jurisdiction already possessed by the circuit courts. The original bill per< , mitted the railroads to go to one , member of the Court of Commerce and secure an injunction rsetraining the enforcement of the orders of the Interstate Commerce Commission without notice to the commission. As finally passed, five days' notice to the commission is required, and it must be given an opportunity for [ hearing before a temporary restrain ing order shall be issued. Under the old law, the Interstate Commerce Commission has had a right to appear before the court by its at torney and defend its decision. Un der the bill as Introduced this right was absolutely taken away, and the whole matter was placed in tha hands of the attorney general, leaving it to him to defend the commission or not, as he might see fit, and to exer cise absolute control ower the case; even the shippers were denied the right to appear before the court. The insurgents forced an amendment < giving the shippers and the commis-1] ? lion tbe right to\ippear before the' | ?ourt and pursue the case to a final j lerision. and forbidding the attorney ;eneral to dispose of or to discontin le the suit if objection was made by .he interested parties. The bill as introduced repealed the i ?vierman anti-trust law so far as it I related to traffic agreements by rail- I roads. This would absolutely do ( lway with competition and legalize | omblnations between the railroads to ix rates, absolutely unhampered by aw. Under the attacks of the in- ^ .urgents and after a fight raging for several days, this section of the bill was entirely abandoned and does not appear in the bill as passed. The bill as originally reported per mitted the railroads to submit a mock ^ase before the Court of Commerce uid get an opinion in advance con ? ?rning the lawfulness of their pro posed action. This was such an ab >urd proposal that even the railroad senators did not have the courage to, defend it with any vigor, and It was eliminated. As originally submitted, the bill gave to the Interstate Commerce Commission the right to postpone for -.sty days any changes in rates, but provided that the changed rates should go into effect at the end of that time. The insurgent senators in sisted that sixty days was too short a time to permit the commission to investigate the thousands upon chous ands of changes which might be submitted within a few days. After a prolonged fight over this, the bill was finally amended-to give the com mission 120 days to investigate the reasonableness of advanced rates,1 and if the investigation should not I be sufficiently complete within that time, gave the commission the right to extend the time for a further per-( iod not exceeding six months. This guarantees to the shippers time in which to protest against advanced rates, and as the bill was further amended, throwing the burden of proof to show that the increased rate is Just and reasonable upon the com mon carrier, there is now a fighting chance for the shipper to protect himstlf. The bill as originally submitted contains certain sections apparently providing for the regulation of the issue ot stocks and bonds. A critical examination of these sections of the bill revealed the fact that they would not only not regulate and prevent over-capitalization, but would make lawful the watered capitalization as it already existed. These sections could not withstand the assault of the insurgent senators and were stricken out and authority was given for ths appointment of a commission to in vestigate capitalization and stock and , bond issues. There are some good features about the bill as it finally became a law. For example, it gives the In terstate Commerce Commission some authority over the classification of rates and freight. It authorizes the commission to establish through rates and gives the shipper the right to route his own shipment. It penalizes the railroad if its agent makes an in curred statement of a rate, it gives the Interstate Commerce Commission the right to initiate investigations on its own account. It forbids the rail-' roads to charge more for two short hauls than is charged for one long haul between the same points. The bill as it was originally sent , to congress by the president was a fraud. Under the pretense of streng-j thening the interstate commerce law,I it emasculated it. The thanks of the nation are due to the handful of in surgent republican senators who had the courage to attack and ex pose the iniquities of the bill and who had the ability to so forcefully present their views that a majority of the senate rallied to their sup port.?Wallace's Farmer. Water For Live Stock. Many will be surprised at the amount of water live stock require, and it is all the more reason why it should he pure and fresh, as it has much to do with their healthy condi tion. This is why so many live stock growers provide their farms with, good fountains to afford pure fresh water. Information gathered from a number of sources indicates that rattle will consume from 30 lbs. to 100 lbs. of water per day per head; that horses weighing 1,200 pounds will consume from 30 pounds to 80 1 pounds per day. A 200 pound pig will drink 14 pounds of water per day. Pig* two months old will drink at the rate of 12 pounds of water per 100 pounds live weight eight months old at the rate of four pounds of water pe r hundredweight.?Indiana Farmer. A Frightful Wreck. of train, automobile or buggy may cause cuts, bruises, abrasions, sprains or wounds that demand Bucklen's Ar nica Salve?earth's greatest healer Quick re'ief and prompt cure results. For burns, bolls, sores of all kinds, eczema, chapped hands and lips, sore eyes or corns, its supreme. Surest pile cure. 25c at Hood Bros. Sample Helps FrailWomen So many women are dragging out weary kves just because their diges live organs are weak. The result is poor circulation, nervousness and the irerge of invalidism. It is often very unnecessary and the woman's own fault. i< The first thing to do Is to look to the welfare of your bowels. There the trou ble usually lies. All physicians know that a large percentage of women ere habitually constipated, and from thle re sult* Indigestion, plies, weariness, etc., that women constantly complain of. But there Is no use taking "female rem edies" and things of that kind until you have started your bowels to moving. You will find that when the bowels move regularly once or twice a day all your petty Ills will disappear. Take a good, mild laxative tonic like Dr. Caldwell'e Byrup Pepsin for awhile and you wllV find yourself rapidly getting better and, stronger, your bowels will regulate them selves and work at stated times, and. then your headaches and dizziness will! disappear. Don't take strong cathartic pills or salts, but just such a mild and pleasant-tasting remedy as Dr. Caldwell'e Byrup Pepsin. You can obtain a bottle of your drug gist for fifty cents or one dollar, and either size may be enough to perma nently cure you. Thousands of women keep It regularly In the house and will no longer be without It, as It cured them and can be used with safety by every. member of the family, down to the youngest child, but If you have never used it take the advice of Mrs Earl 9. Co*, 409 Twenty-fifth street. Mollne, In., and Mrs. Ellen Dungan, Muncle, Ind., and send to Dr. Caldwen for a free trial bot tle. as thev did. and learn for yourself what It will do In ynur own case. That It will cure you. as It did them, there la no doubt Dr. Caldwell personally will be pleased i lo give you any medical advice you may , ileslre for yourself or family pertaining to the stomach, liver or bowels absolutely free of charge. Explain your case In a letter and he will reply to you In detail. For the free sample simply send your name and address on a postal card or otherwise. For either request the doctor'e address Is Dr. W B Caldwell, R.500Cald well building, Montlcello, 111. HOOD BROS. R. C. LEE GENERAL WOOD AND BLACK SMITH SHOPS. Repairer of Carts, Wagons, and Buggies. Horse and Mule Shoe ing Correctly Done. FOUR. OAKS. N. C. Dr. J. Franklin Coltrane, DENTIST, Zebulon, - - N. C. Dr. W. B. Johnson, Dentist UPstairs in Sanders' new building. SMITHFIELD. N. C. Dr. Paul Fitzgerald DENTIST Offce Over B&nk Selma, : : N. C. A. M. NOBLE Attorney-at-Law Smithfield, N. C Money To Loqq J. R. WILLIAMS Attorney-at-Law Real Estate Bought and4Sold Clayton, N. C. W. J. JACOBS ARCHITECT ancTBUILDER Contractor of Wood Brick and Concrete Building*. Nice Residen ce! a Specialty. DUNN, . N. C. S. S. HOLT ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Smithfield.N.C. Will Practice Wherever Services Are Desired. Tobacco Flues! ??? For the'next 30 days I will sell 50 sets of Tobacco Flues at greatly reduced pri ces. Now is your time to save money. If you need Flues see the old reliable Flue Maker. S. B. Johnson SMITHFIELD, N. C. Jusi Opened I have just put in a full line of Coffins, Caskets and Funeral Supplies Will sell at reasonable rates. If you have to buy these goods call and see me. J. H. Woodard Pine Level, N. C. THE JNO. A. McKAY MFG. CO., Dunn, N. C. Machinists, Iron and Brass Foun ders, Castings of all kinds. We mako the best Swing Saw Machine in th? world for the price. OLD MACHIN ERY MADE GOOD AS NEW. High grade work guaranteed. Agents for the leading makes of Machinery. Good stock of machine supplies al ways on hand. Agents for the celebrated Farquhar Machinery. Agents for the Desmond Injector and Phillip Steel Split Pul* DO YOU WANT A MACHINE? If you want the best Sewing Machine buy the IMPROVED NEW HOME If you want needles for the machine you have send 30 cents in postage stamps for one dozen of them. By buy ing a dozen at a time you get assorted sizes. for sale by J. M. BEATY, SMITHFIELD, N. C. FOR SALE One Two-Horse Power Fairbanks Morse Gaso line Engine and one Iver Johnson Wheel. In first class condition. WILL SELL CHEAP C. L. Sauls SMITHFIELD, N. C. Four Oaks Lumber Company Contractors and Builders Do you v-nt a house built, or Ao you use building material? If give us you work. We manufactory an sell Rough and Dressed lumber.' Shlngl*- brackets, Porch Trimming* and turned work. Heavy Turning " Specialty. Come and see our Materi aL Four Oaks Lumber Co* killthe couch and curethi lungs with DRYINGS NEWPiSCOVER1 KHt(giS$g^^E ALL THROAT AND LUtG TROUBUS GUA,<?ANT??D SATISFACTORY
The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 15, 1910, edition 1
6
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