r c
Farm
Department
D?vo(?4 <? Ik* Interests of Tkos*
E mgmfd is Agricultural Pursuit*
Conducted by J. M Beat y
b o
TOBACCO NOTES.
Did you see the tobacco exhibited
here December 8th, 1910? Plans are
being laid for a much larger tobac
co exhibit here next fall. If you
raise some nice tobacco this year,
you will have an opportunity to show
some of It next fall.
"Where you lose money is the
place to find It." This we have
heard many times. We have had
two bad seasons for growing tobacco.
Perhaps this year will be better. If
you aim to quit raising tobacco,
would it not be better to make a
good crop and get something out of
it before quitting? Now is the time
to sow your tobacco seed. If you sow
some seed and it should turn out
that you cannot set the plants, you
could no doubt sell. If you do not
sow seed, you might not be able to
get plants no matter how anxious you
may be to set out tobacco.
You can get money from a tobacco
crop a month or two earlier than
from the cotton crop. So If you
want some early money it will be
well to plant some tobacco.
About Fertilizers.
Who said fertilizer? Well, that's
Just It. Every farmer says It, every
tenant says It, every merchant says
it, and even the bankers must speak
Of It at times. No farmers' meeting
Is held that the subject of fertilizers,
and commercial fertilizers at that. Is
not discussed. We all talk of It; we
all use it; and 1, for one, would hard
ly know how to farm without It. In
deed, so much Is said of it, and so
much written, that It were well for
us farmers to consider carefully
whether the question of commerc ial
fertilizer is worthy of the attention
It receives, the place of importance
it holds in our system of farming.
In answer I would say that either
this question receives more attention
than is its due, or other questions
receive vastly less than Is naturally
coming to them. In other words, the
question of commercial fertilizer is
one of importance to the Southern
farmer, but the question of animal
manures is one of more Importance.
Even so Is the question of mainte
nance of soil fertility. Many farmers
have lost all idea of the proper per
spective, and to them this question
now looms large and all-important.
And Indeed to them It Is almost all
Important as they are now farming.
The trouble is that In times past the
easy purchase and use of commercial
fertilizers has seemed to many of our
Boumem larmers a snort cut to pros
perity, a royal road to good crops of
cotton year after year. The result) has
been that their lands have been cul
tivated clean year after year, their
fertility has been exhausted, with all
humus, their soils have largely wash
ed away, and much land that former
ly would make good crops without
fertilizer now makes but poor re
turns with fertilizations. I know
many land owners that certainly can
not make crops without fertilizer and
seem not to be able to continue
their present methods. Their condi
tion with reference to the com
mercial fertilizer question is aptly
illustrated by the old rhyme:
"He can and he can't, he will and he
won "t.
He's damned if he do, and he's
damned if he don't."
Not that I would decry the Judi
cious use, even liberal use, of com
mercial fertilizers. Not by any
means. But I do say that the ease
with which they can be obtained
(coupled with the difficulty In paying
when paying time comes), and the
results they show in the growing
crop, have caused thouasnds of Sou
thern farmers to neglect other and
more important sources of fertilizers;
have caused them to fall into a sys
tem of all cotton farming that look
ed alone to present gain, and not to
be improvement of the soil. To say
the least of it, the use of commer
ial fertilizer has not been an unmix
ed blessing to the Southern farmer.
Like all other good things, it can be
abused. It has enriched thousands of
good farmers, on the other hand it
has caused thousands of poor far
mers to fall into a system of farm
lop that impoverished them and
their lands as well.
Having thus hedged in the matter,
1 want to say further, that when
kept in the proper perspective, when
not allowed to receive more than Its
share of attention as a source of'
plant food, commercial fertlllers have
been an untold blessing to the Sou
thern farmer and will continue to be
under the same conditions. And now,
the beginning of the year's work is
a good time to lay plans for a liber
al, but at the same time, a judicial
use of this Important source of plant
food.
; Says oue, commercial fertlliers will
j exhaust the land. No, Indeed, they
will not. At most they will help a
lazy or an Ignorant farmer to do this.
On the other hand they will help him
who farms Intelligently to make good
crops, and at the same time enable
him to produce large amounts of veg
etable matter to be turned under in
his lands. Furthermore, they will
help him to grow a plentiful supply
of feeds for hla stock, to be return
ed in the richer form of manure to
liis solL - ...
Another question Is: How much
should one use? It depends on the
land, and on the man. Good land will
stand much more than pour land In
the way of commercial fertilizer, and
return a handsome profit. I have
seen lands that returned a good prof
it on a ton of guano per acre, while
1 have seen fields so poor that the
crops raised on them some years did
not pay the guano bill. It Is use
less to pour out money in the form
of guano unless one will provide suf
ficient moisture for the plant to use
the fertilizer. This can only be done
on land well supplied with humus,
well prepared, deeply broken, and
well cultivated. Another source of
loss to many farmers 1b putting large
amounts of fertilizers under their
crops to .be used up by weeds and
grass. The man who fertilizes heav
ily can not afford to plant too many
acres, thus giving the weeds and
grass the advantage over him in the
busy season. Neither can he afford,
'hough many do, to put guano into
tho land to be washed away by the
heavy rains, where the land Is poor
ly terraced, or allowed to wash. Still
others lose, particularly on sandy
land, by putting all their fertilizer In
to the land early In the spring, to be
leached out downward by the heavy
spring rains.
In other words, commercial fertili
zers cost money, and must be paid
for by the returns of the cotton crop
which is of Itself a drain upon the
land, so let him that uses them get
the benefit of all that be uses. Buy
ing is at best a poor business for the
farmer, for I look on him primarily
as a producer and therefore a seller.
Then surely he can ill afford to buy
a thing and then fail to get the best
returns from it, or even worse to al
low It to make a slave of him and
exhaust his heritage, his soil.?L. W.
Jarman.
Medicines that aid nature are al
ways most effectual. Chamberlain's
Cough Remedy acts on this plan. It
allays the cough, relieves the lungs,
opens the secretions and aids na
ture In restoring the system to a
h?althy condition. Thousands have
testified to its superior excellence.
Sold by all dealers.
Hogs and Cattle.
The price of both hogs and cattle
has decreased rapidly during recent
weeks, but live stock are still sell
ing at profitable prices for the man
I who breeds and feeds regularly each
| year. Hogs, at even 5 cents a pound
j live weight, are profitable for any
man who grows them in a common
sense, business way, and they are
still selling for 7 cents. In the past
we have gone Into the raising of live
j stock and bought our foundation
: herds on a high market and sold out
at a loss when prices swung to the
? other extreme. Those who have re
cently bought breeding hogs or cattle
should not become alarmed. Fluc
tuations in prices always have oc
curred, and may be expected to con
, tinue, but the man who goes 011 rais
ing good stock year after year, so
that he can profit by the high prices
when they come, has always found
them a profitable farm crop. Hogs
may go still lower, and probably
will, but they will not go so low that
the Southern farmer who raises them
on legumes, which the hogs gather,
and a small amount of corn can not
?till make pork at a profit.?Progres
sive Farmer.
Save* Two Live*.
"Neither my sister nor myself
might be living to-day, if It had not
been for Dr. King's New Discovery"
writes A. D. McDonald of Fayette
(rille, N. C. R. F. D. No. 8, -for we
both had frightful coughs that no
other remedy could help. We were
told my sister had consumption. She
was very weak and had night, sweats
but your wonderful medicine com
pletely cured us both. It's the best
I ever used or heard of." For sore
lungs, coughs, colds, hemorrhage, la
grippe, asthma, hay fever, croup,
whooping cough,?all bronchial trou
bles,?Its supreme. Trial bottle free.
50c and <1.00. Guaranteed by Hood
Bros.
I
Ventilation In P?rm Home*.
While pleading for ventilation and
sunlight in the cow barn, we put up
a still stronger plea, if possible, for
ventilation In the home. The first
settlers in the west built houses
mainly for protection against cold
and heat. They had In mind only
temperature. Theee houses were so
built, however, that there was usual
ly a supply of pure air without any
special ventilation. There were
enough cracks around the doorB and
windows, and eo much breathing ca
pacity in the house itself that there
was no special need of ventilation.
Many of them had open fireplaces,
and many others had gratee, which '
provided all the ventilation necesear).1
The day of the pioneer house is '
past. We are building many of our
houses of brick or stone or cement,
especially where lumber is high and
other material relatively cheaper; but
In many cases we are simply build- 1
ing on the idea of our forefathers, to
provide against extremes of temper- 1
ature, forgetting that the kind of
material used prevents proper venti
lation, and, therefore, some other
means of ventilation must be provid
ed. It is seldom that we see a
schoolhouse properly ventilated, and
quite as seldom a church. Man^ a
man preaches the everlasting Gos
pel to a congregation that is drowsy
and stupid, not because of any lark
'of ability in the preacher or inspira
tion in the message, but simply be- |
cause they are breathing air that is
not fit for human beings, due to the
failure of the architect to provide j
ventilation and to the stupidity or
ignorance of the sexton. In every
j house, every church, every school
: house, there should be adequate pro
vision for a supply of pure air as
well as for removing the foul air. As
air laden with carbonic acid gas from
| the lungs is heavier than pure air,
It settles to the floor; and hence the
exhaust should be from the floor and
not from the ceiling.
Many country homes have half
story sleeping chambers above, and
the foundation for lifelong disease,
especially for the girls, is laid1 right
in those sleeping chambers. There
was an old notion in our boyhood
j that night air was bad, forgetting
[that there was no air at ni?ht any
"where but night air. We did not
know that It was inosqultoa (and not
night air) that carried malaria. If
the windows were kept closed' in
! these sleeping chambers, no great
j harm followed in the early built
, houses. A good deal of air got in
anyhow. Many houses now have
storm windows constructed for the
j purpose of keeping out the cold, just
as our fathers constructed their hous
es for the purpose of keeping out
the cold. Everyone who has spent
I a night in a small room with storm
(windows knows how stupid he felt
In the morning. These unventilat
ed chambers are particularly dead
ly to girls. The boy lives out-of-doors
a good share of the time. He gets
all the pure air he wants, and more,
, too, In the winter; but the girl is
| too often a house plant, and this ex- (
plains why the girls in the farm
home are frequently much more deli
cate than the boys, and more liable
to go down with consumption. No
man should expect to grow a healthy
girl or boy if the sleeping cham
bers are not properly ventilated.
I Therefore, while looking after your
1 cows, don't fail to inquire whether
you have ventilation and sunlight in
the rooms in which your children
sleep.
i ... .. .
>v e can win rememoer tne oia
fashioned parlor, unopened except for
| company, the blinds kept down day
In and day out to keep the sunlight
from fading the carpets. We all
! know how nrosty it smelt when com
pany came and it was opened up.
Let us understand that sunlight is
health; that bad air and darkness are
death, whether in the home or In
the cow barn. Therefore, as cold
weather approaches and your daugh
ters begin to close the windows to
keep out the cold, they are laying
the foundation for Ill-health and doc
tor bills ani* for sorrow in future
years. By all means provide sun
' light in every room In the home, if
I possible, whether M fades the car
' pets or not. Provide pure air in ev
ery room, but especially in the
sleeping room, avoiding direct drafts.
A piece of muslin tacked over the
open window will provide pure air
without a draft.
The people In cities are beginning
to understand this; hence a large
number are sleeping out-of-doors all
summtr, and many are forced to
sleep out-of-doors during the winter
as well, if they are to to live out
their days. Remember that the crop
of boys and girls is the crop for
which all other crops are grown; that
if they are to fulfill their mission in
life they must have health; and
that they can not have health unless
they have ventilation and sunlight in
the li'iifcee In which they are reared,
j?Wallace 'i Fnrmer.
Scotland's Crops.
The county that gets ahead of
little Scotland will have to move
fast. With 15,000 people, it produc
ed 26,000 bales of cotton this year,
or about a bale and two-thirds to ev
ry man, woman and child in the
county. The Laurinburg Exchange
estimates that this cotton, including
the seed, was worth not less than
$80 a bale, giving the total crop a
value of $2,080,000. Add to this the
quarter of a million received from
the melon and canteloupe crop, Scot
land's other money-maker, and those
15,000 people got nearly two and j
one-half millions from their soil.
While credit is being given to pro
gressive Scotland for this most en
viable showing it might be well to
reflect for a moment on how this
result was brought about. The na
tural fertility of the land does not
suffice to explain it. The people who
are farming that land are keenly j
alive to the advances which are be
ing made in agricultural lines and
are busy in putting them into prac
tical application, and it is this fea
ture of the record' which is the most
important.?Charlotte Observer.
Solves a Deep Mystery.
"I want to thank you from the
bottom of my heart,'' wrote C. B.
Rader, of Lewisburg, W. Va., "for
the wonderful double benefit I got
from Electric Bitters, in curing me
of both a severe case of stomach
trouble and of rheumatism, from
which I had been an almost helpless
sufferer for ten years. It suited my
case as though made just for me."
For dyspepsia, indigestion, jaundice
and to rid the system of kidney poi-1
sons that cause rheumatism, Electric j
Bitters has no equal. Try them. Ev
ery bottle Is guaranteed to satisfy. !
Only 50c at Hood Bros.
The Infant Terrible.
Young Man?So Miss Ethel is your j
oldest sister. Who comes after '
her?
Small Brother?Nobody ain't come
yet; but pa says the first fellow
that comes can have her?Boston
Transcript.
"If you pay for your laundry by
the piece, it must be expensive.''
"Not at all. They lose so many
things that the bills are never high."
?New York Evening Telegram.
fcOWANSj
I King of Externals I
ij Is Security for your I
I loved ones. Ethical R
physicians say Gow- H
ans is the Best. It
positively Cures all
ills arising from In
| flammation or Con
| gestion such as Pneu
monia, Croup, Colds.
Have given Cowan? Preparation
a thorough test It ia the Pk'ST
preparation on the market for the
j relief of Pneumonia. Croup, Co Ma,
| Coughs J AS. P. SMITH, U.D.,
Augusta. Georgia
BUY TO-DAY! HAVE IT IN THE HOME
All I>r?t?lal? *1. SOe. 25..
COWAN MEDICAL CO.. DURHAM. H. C.
Ssif?i?t-.t< aH MM, nfwtiH H y??r Irvtstll
traokmabk
m ItSR.* ^
REGISTERED. |
V. The Origin of Roystcr Fertilizers.
?
; Mr. Royster believed that success awaited the
Manufacturer of Fertilizers who would place quality
above other considerations. This was Mr. Royster's
idea Twenty-seven years ago and this is his idea
to-day; the result has been that it requires Eight
Factories to supply the demand for Royster Fertilizers.
F. S. ROYSTER GUANO COMPANY.
FACTORIES AND SALES OFFICES.
NORFOLK, VA. TARBORO, N> C* COLUMBIA. S. C. SPARTANBURG, 8. C.
MACON, GA. COLUMBUS. QA. MONTGOMERY, ALA. BALTIMORE. MD.
"'"W
| Valuable Town Lots I
| ROR SALE
v In the Town of Smith fie Id. Apply ||
I to J>M. TUtiLEY, Clayton, N.C. g
^E?EEH
You Are f
Cordially Invited
J TO OPEN
?J Ina
AN ACCOUNT WITH THIS BA? K.
We are under the State's supervision; and offer
_J you abso! ? , e safety for vour idle money -don't
"? let it lie around the house, it is dangerous.
4 -jc compounded quarterlyjon time [deposits. ?
Resources, - - $75,000.00
viAavi^v? $r?'vd
Farmers Commercial Bank
J Benson, N. C. L
^11 "H inii -ir= if^
Who Was There That You Knew?
IN the shadowy ranks of those who marched to defeat or death or victory fifty
years ago in the mighty conflict that convulsed this great nation, is there
father or grandfather or uncle of yours? Would you like to see ? photograph
of him in that long ago day of his youth?a photograph that he never knew was
taken? Perhaps we can show you one; and in any case, we can tell you a
story, stranger than any detective fiction of 3,500 priceless photographs that
were lost and are found again.
3,500 Long Buried Photographs
of the Civil War
THEY were taken by the greateet photographer in the
United States of that day: they were bought by the
United States Government for #30,000; they were buried
In the War Department for 50 years?they are buried there
etill. Bat a duplicate set was kept by the photographer?who
died poor and broken down: that duplicate set was knocked
from pillar to post for nearly 50 years, until it was discovered
by e New Eng1 and collector. J. Pierpont Morgan {tried to
secure the collection?Ex-President Garfield and General
Reniamin F. Butler aaid it was worth #150.000?yet with
the help of the Ravnrw or Revttws. the entire collection
has been gathered into 10 great volumes and is placed within
your reach at leee then the valee of one of the photographs.
It is the one accurate, impartial history of the Civil Wai?
for the camera cannot lie. It telle the story of the War yon
?ever heard before. Taken under protection of the Secret
Service, theee photographs bring to light thousands of little
known phases of the war; they penetrate to strange places and
record strange things.
REM BM BBR : ?Onr privilege of selling these books is
limited ii to time. Our supply of Free Fortfolioe is limited
in qoeatity. Yon moat be prompt to secure either. Better
mail thie coopoo today.
mESbSZSEM
12 free
For th? CmI of Mtilioc
la order to *ive you tome idea
of the greatness of this work we
will ?end yon 1 2 superb reproduc
tions of the photographs free of
charge in a handsome portfolio.
These photographs are very ex
pensive and valuable, but you
?end only 10 cents to cover the
cost of mailing. They are not only
interesting from a historic stand
point, but. framed, make a splen
did addition to your library walls.
At th? Mm* time wa will tall yo?
how the Reria * of Bavlawa ran A
ofltr tbia (150.00# cellortion of
3 S#0 photofrapha at tho price
tha United Ktataa Govern
mart paid for thrae of
tha pirtaraa. Re' ItV
Send the coupon ?fh't*"'
?I OOCC. S l?.|?r,
S I) AXor PIM.
0?5~ ^ N?w Ywk. Y.
tha II r?prodacrton? o?
youtnewlydlacovered BrMf
^ Olwtl War photof raphi raodf
for framing and reoteiaod fti ?
iMMtan
? tha ?tory of the.a pirtorea and
? ma how for what tha gavarn?raa?
? paid for half a doiaa print#. I
$ naif tha whol* collection, ?y
0 I rnrloaa 10 taut* to cover tha coai ??
1 mailing
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