HAITI MAKING
GERMANY PAY
May Seize $20,000,000 For
a Debt of $20,000.
REVENGE MANY YEARS LATE
Diplomat Recalle How Little Nation
Waa Humiliated at the Hands of the
Kaiaer and How She Now Finde Her
eelf In a Poaition to Collect the D?bt
With a Tremendous Rate of Intereat.
In explaining why Haiti MTertd dip
lomatic relations wllli Germany, Solon
Menos, Haitiun minister to the Unite<l
Stales, disclosed an Interesting bit of
diplomatic history. He allows how the
kaiser la being forced to pay the penal
ty for acta of unwarranted flight ful
ness committed against the republic
of Haiti twenty years ago.
In December, 18U7, when Mr. Menos
waa minister for foreign affairs, the
German emperor forced Haiti to pay
f2(>,000 and humiliated the nation by
forcing profuse and ceremonial apolo
gies under threat of bombardment of
the National palace and the city of
1'ort au l'rince ,by German warships.
Now Haiti may force t lie kaiser to pay
f'20,( JOO.UOO lii return, German linancial
interests in Haiti make It easy for tills
auni to be collected, it Is explained.
German Attacks Police.
The trouble between Germany and
Haiti started on Kept. 21, 181?7, when
Count Schwerln, the German charge
d'affaires, came to Mr. Menos to pro
test against the arrest by the Hull Ian
police of a German named Emllo Lu
ders. Luders' coachman, Dorleus Pre
sume, had been caught stealing. When
the police sought to arrest him the
German attacked the police and was
himself arrested.
Count Schwerln did not deny the
Justke of the arts of the Haitian au
thorities, but took the stand that no
German should lie made amenable to
the law for ordinary people, especially
if the German happened to be u man
of Luders' standing.
Mr. Menos told Count Schwerln that
he would do everything possible to
protect Luders' rights, but that he
could not disregard Haitian laws with
out an investigation. Meanwhile Lu
ders was tried and found guilty and
was sentenced to imprisonment.
Count Schwerln demanded u new
trial, w|th the Immediate release of Lu
ders. Appreciating the menacing atti
tude of the German diplomat, Mr. Me
nos arranged for a new trial at ouce.
iif .1.. r? :_J a e
Tva^cns rrcsiutru aam.
Later Count Schwerin, in the full tiul
form of a uhluu, kh11o|Kh1 up to the iui
perial pahicc after President 8am had
retired and demanded an audience.
The count presented u demand from
the kaiser for the immediate liberation
of Luders, t lie dismissal of the Judge
who had sentenced him and the punish
meut of all the police instrumental in
bringing about his arrest.
"In the name of my august master
the Emperor William, I will wait until
tomorrow noon for my reply, the count
said upon leaving.
The Haitian authorities were astound
ed by this action. It was diplomatic
usage for any foreign diplomat to com
municate with the president through
the minister for foreign affairs, and
Menos felt deeply hurt.
But the Haitian leaders saw the dom
ineering tactics employed by the Her
man government and recognized the
Haitian people were absolutely at the
mercy of Germany. The American
minister, Mr. Powell, and others coun
seled the release of Luders as the sim
plest means of staving off further trou
ble. It was known Germany had sev
eral cruisers in adjacent waters and
that any pretext would be seized to ad
vertise German militarism.
New Ultimatum Sent.
Accordingly the Haitian authorities
bowed to Germany's ultimatum, and
Mr. Menos informed Count Schwerin.
The count officially declared the inci
dent closed, but within a few hours he
received another cable from "his au
gust master" which caused him *<>
come post haste to Mr. Menos.
He had been premature In accepting
Haiti's agreement to the ultimatum,
he explained. A new ultimatum had
Just arrived. It demanded $20, 000 pay
ment to Luders, an agreement by Haiti
to give him si>ecial privileges, an apol
ogy by Haiti to the emperor and a
ceremonial public apology to himself
(Count Schwerin) by the president.
This put matters in a new light, for
Haiti could not agree to pay indem
nity for carrying out its own laws
without humiliating itself before its
own people and before the world.
While these deliberations were ?ulng
on. Count Schwerin informed Mr. Me
nos that lie was going aboard a Ger
man warship and would be heard from
later. On Dec. 0 the German warships
charlotte and Stein arrived at Port au
Prince cleared for action. y
A note came from Count Schwerin
saying that diplomatic relations be
tween Germany and Haiti were severed
and would remain severed until Haiti
replied to orders which the government
would get from the imperial naval
commander, Tliiels, on board the Char
lotte. "
Four hours were given Haiti to com
ply. After that "coercive measures"
would be undertaken by the warships
Charlotte and Stein. Haiti yielded,
but ha a harbored thoughts of revenge
ever since.
?
* YOUR PRESENT TO THE MA
* RINE.
> :
* Make jour present to the ma
* rlue a* compact ami durable as
+ possible. Is tliu. admonition of
* luaiiue corps official* ?||ow ex
4> perlem h in many campaigns
?J? Lave taught them tbe needs of
+ the fighting man.
+ Tbe Important things are those
i <r that the marine actually carries
+ Into the trenches metal caws
' ?> for toothbrush and soap, razors,
* water tl'iht match lioxes, steel
* backed mirrors, and only articles
j + that stand exposure to the
' <? weather are of value. Though
* of tcod quality, they should not
+ lx> expcii ive, its auch article# are
+ frequeutly lost. Clothing boxes,
* kept In reserve billets lack of
I + the firing Hue, will bold articles
: + not actually In use by the United
i + (States marines.
, ?
RULES FOR CORRECT USE
OF STARS AND STRIPES
Anniversaries on Which Flag
Should Be Displayed? When It
Should Fly at Half Mast.
The following compilation of facts
and rules relating to the proper use of
and respect for our Hag gleaned from
every authentic source. Including high
army otllclals, has Ikh-u made:
Anniversaries on which the Hag
should bo displayed at full staff: Jan.
8, battle of Princeton; Feb. 12, IJn
coin's birthday; Feb. 22, Washington's
birthday; April li>, battle of Isling
ton; May '.}<), Memorial day; June 14,
Flag day; June 17, battle of Bunker
Hill; July 4, Iude|>endence day; Sept.,
0, Lafayette's birthday; Oct. 12, Colum
bus day; Oct. ll>, surrender at York
town; Nov. 2.", Evacuation day; I>ec.
20, battle of Trenton, and other legal
holidays or special occasions.
In placing the Hag at half stalT it
should Hist be hoisted to tho top of the
staff and then lowered to position, and
preliminary to lowering from half staff
It should tie raised again to the top.
On Memorial day the flag should fly at
half staff from sunrise to noon and at
full staff from noon to sunset.
During time of war it is proper to
display the Hag continuously, but it Is
conducive to the spirit of economy anil
to a greater respect for the Hag to
lower it at night and as far as possible
protect It from inclement weather.
The flag should not be hoisted before
sunrise nor allow ed to remain up after
sunset.
The flag should be displayed from a
staff or pole whenever possible. When
It is bung on a wall or fastened to the
side of a building or platform the union
(the blue lleid of stars) should be at
the upper left hand corner when the
stripi1* are horizontal, and at the upper
right hand corner when the strijK's are
vertical, as seen by the spectator.
The flag should never be allowed to
touch the ground while being hoisted or
lowered. Its folds should float freely
and should be cleared whenever fouled.
The flag should be saluted by all pres
ent while being hoisted or lowered, and
when it is passing on parade or in re
view. The spectator should rise if sit
ting, halt if walking and, standing at
"attention," salute with the right hand
iu all cases, except that a man iu ci
vilian dress and covered should uncov
er and hold the headdress opposite the
left shoulder with the right. hand.
When the flag is carried in parade
with any other flag it should have the
place of honor at the right. If a num
ber of flags are carried the flag should
either precede the others or be carried
in the center above the others on a
higher st a IT.
Nothing should ever be placed upon
or against the flag.
Neither the flag nor a picture of it
fihould be used for any advertising pur- j
poses whatsoever, nor as toys, fans,
parasols, pai>cr napkins, sofa cushions,
nor as a cover for a table, desk or box,
nor in any other debasing manner.
It is unlawfvd to trample upon, muti
late or otherwise treat the Hag with in
sult or contempt or to attach to it any
inscription or object whatsoever.
To salute with the hand :
Raise the right hand smartly uutil
the tip of the forefinger touches the low
er part of the headdress (or forehead
If the head is uncovered) above t lie
right eye. thumb and Angers extended
and Joined, palm to the left, forearm
Inclined at about forty-live degrees, hand
and wrist straight, at the same time
look toward the flag or the jierson sa
luted. To complete the salute drop the
arm smartly by the side.
ORIGIN OF NAME "SAMMIES."
French Called Men ''les Amis," arid Cor
respondents Did the Rest.
The use of the term '?Sammies" to
describe our troops Is almost unknow n
in France, according to dispatches re
reived from the Uulted States marines
in the oversea expedition of the "first
to fight."
Ilow the term came into use Is ex
plained In this wise: When the "first
to fight" contingent steamed into port
the people on the wharf shouted,
"VI vent les amis!" pronounced "Veer
lays ahmeef What this means is
"loug live the (our) friends," but "les
amis'' may sound a good deal like
"les Sammies," and the newspaj?er
men so interpreted it. Immediately the
folks back home Itegan calling our
troops "Sammies," but the French have
yet to acquire the habit.
Copyrinht I"'"' ' r'~
RALPII KINDER, for many years
organist and director at Holy
Trinity ehurcli in Philadelphia,
has prepared a new and rousing set
ting of "The Battle Ilymn of tho He
public," wliich those who have heard
It say is hound to make itself In a
short time widely known and popular.
In an editorial in the Out look recently
Lyman Ahbott made a forceful state
ment of the desirability of a setting
of "The Battle Hymn" that should be
distinctive and appropriate on ehurch
ly as well as tm secular patriotic occa
sions, ntid to Philadelphia friends re
cently Bishop Brent expressed his feel
ing that the setting to "John Brown's
Body," ns used in the great commemo
rative service at St. Paul's, in London,
when the bishop preached, did not
comport witli the solemnity of the oc
casion. That sentiment has been ex
pressed by many others entitled to an
opinion.
The new melody, which-may be sung
by many voices in unison or by solo
voice with tiie chorus upon the refrain,
has all the swing of the original march
I- . J 1^-7 t, . ?..,4 Qrfli
in^r tune which is associated with other
secular words. Yet It will sound as
well in n c hurch as, in community sing
ing or upon the highway, for, while the
music has infectious spirit, it has a de
votional quality as well.
The aim of the author was to pro
duce n tune that should have plenty of
fire and swing and still be so funda
mentally simple as to recommend it
self to the average musical capacity.
In tliis aim lu> has emphatically suc
ceeded, as any one who hears the
music is aware at once.
Another version is for brass bend or
orchestra, and this was employed with
great effect by Victor Herbert and his
orchestra recently. Especially note
worthy in this Instrumental version,
which precedes the refrain of the vocal
version with a stirring instrumental
march, is the resolute and inspiring
use of the trombones and the tuba.
Mr. Kinder reveals himself here a
master of tlio art of employing the
brasses, even as he is a scholar of lone:
experience in the expert handling of
vol<es.
DRINKS AND SSfiOKSS
PUSH ALONG H, G. L.
Bill For Liquors and Cigars High
est Ever? Fair Ones Smoke
Cigarettes.
The drink and smoke bills of the peo
ple of the United States were greater
during the past fiscal year than ever be
fore, the report of Commissioner of In
ternal Revenue Osborn shows.
For the year there were 104.065,240
gallons of distilled spirits produced
from every source, yielding a tax re
turn of $180,563,055. This is an In
crease of 2<5,?|K),<XX) gallons over the
preceding year.
Cigars of all descriptions and weight
Were produced amounting to 9.210,901,
113? approximately 90 per cent -as com
pared with 8,337. <20,530 for the previ
ous year. There were 30,529, 193,538
cigarettes manufactured during the
year as against 21.087,757,078 last year.
Even snuff went to qew high levels of
production, with 30,377,731 pounds, or
an Increase over last year of 2.200,000
pounds.
The taxes paid to the government on
cigars, cigarettes, tobacco and snuff
amounted to $103,201,592, an increase
of approximately $15,000,000 over the
previous year.
The production of beer, though ex
ceeding that of the previous year, fell
considerably below the high record of
06,000,000 barrels in 1914. Taxes were
paid last year on 00,729,509 barrels at
$1.50 a barrel, and other taxes on brew
ers and retailers brought the total up
to $91,807,193 against $88,771,104.
His Boat a Fish Trap.
When Burley Peterman of Findlay*
O., raised his launch, which had been
sunk In the Hlanchard river In order to
close up several seams, he found that
the boat had served as a seine, ns there
were several bushels of flsh In It.
1 ?
NAMES OF YESTERDAY IN
THE ARMY ANO NAVY
Descendants of Those Who Made
American History Are Ready
to Fight Germany.
When our troops roach the land oi
"Somewhere" uml .yet into.action It is
probable that the American people will
read in the dispatches names which arc
familiar to every one who knows any
thing of the hi tory of his country, pays
the Denver ISocky Mountain News. In
the American army today are a Urant,
a I.ee, a Sheridan, a Lougstreot, a
Miles, a Wheeler, a Macomb, a Henry,
a Stanley, a Kuekner, a MacArthur, a
Sumner and many other men whose
fathers or grandfathers made war his
tory between 1?<!1 and ls?>.->.
Major n.\ >>es S. Grant 3d is a grand
son of the man of Appomattox. The
two Lees now in the service are neph
ews of IJolu i t I", l.ee. Philip II. Sher
idan is a s n of "Winchester-Twenty
M lies- A way" Sheridan. The Longstrect
of the present army is a son of the
Confederate general, James Long
street. The lieutenant colonels, ui&jors
and captains of t lie service who bear
the nanus of Miles, Wheeler, Macomb,
Henry, Stanley, Buckner, MacArthur
and Sumner are : n- < f men who won
military fame on one side or the other
In the civil war. In addition to these,
there Is Major Thomas .1. Christian,
a grandson of "Stonewall"' Jackson.
In the ranks of the new national
army tlieie will be thousands of uu-n
wlnise fiTthers or grandfathers fought
?ither for the Str.rs and Strips or f< r
Ihe Stars and Bars.
All Caught In Draft.
Every male sunployee in the Louis J
Bqeslh h gn cry store in Klgiu, 11!..
and the proprietor himself were hit by
the army draft. and unless at least two
of them arp exempted the store will b?
forced to close.
By *C. B. WILLIAMS, Chief, Division
of Agronomy, N. C. Experiment
Station, West Raleigh.
The rape plant closely resembles
the ruta baga during its early stages
of growth; in fact, so close is this re
semblance that often an experienced
grower cannot distinguish between
them. Its root system, howevep, is
more like that of the cabbage. It
likes cool weather and will grow dur
ing any portion of the year after se
vere freezing weather is passed. It
will endure pretty severe cold weather
in the fall and winter without being ma
terially injured; In fact, it may be used
for pasturage after being frozen, pro
vided stock are kept off while it is
frozen. It does not make much growth
during the hot, dry months of mid
summer. Under ordinary conditions
the plants will attain a height of 18
inches to 2 feet or more. The Dwarf
Essex variety of the crop is best suit
ed for us under Southern conditions.
Possibilities of the Crop.
Farmers are becoming more and
more interested in the production of
green crops for fall, winter and early
?spring grazing. Especially is this true
of those who are engaged in the rais
ing of hogs and poultry. For winter
pasturage an acre or two of this crop
will supply many tons of nutritious
feed at the time of the year when
green feeds are scarce. It has been
fully demonstrated by repeated trials
that an acre of rape properly seed
ed on good rich land will produce as
much pork when used as a hog pas
ture as fhe same acre of land culti
vated in corn. The rape can be grown
much cheaper than the corn, as it
will not require any cultivation, and
the preparation of the seed-bed and
seeding will be about the same for
both The hogs will harvest the rape
crop, while the corn must be harvest
ed by the farmer himself. It should
be remembered, however, that the
acreage of rape that can be profitably
utilized for pasturage on the average
farm is limited, it usaully not being
more than two or three acres.
In feeding experiments at the Ala
bama Station running for 147 days
(November 9-April 5) with pigs weigh
ing approximately 45 pounds each at
the beginning of the experiment, it was
found that the two lots of pigs fed
on a ration of two parts of corn and
one part of wheat shorts and allowed
the use of a rape pasture during the
period, produced pork on an average
of 34.4 per cent less *ost per pound,
counting the cost of providing the
rape pasture, than {Jid another lot
fed on the same ration and confined in
dry lots. In other words, the lots fat
tened on rape pasture, supplemented
with the necessary amount of the ra
tion of corn and wheat shorts, made
very satisfactory profit, while the lot
fattened on the ration of corn and
wheat shorts alone in dry lots afford
ed little or no profit.
Soil and Its Preparation.
Rape is best adapted for growth on
a deep, rich, mellow, loamy soil that
is fairly well stored with humus. It
does not do well on the very light
sandy or stiff clay soils because they
are defiiclent in organic matter. Any
soil that will produce wheat and com
well will be found suited for thff
growth of rape. In preparing the
land it should be well broken, then
thoroughly harrowed into a fine, clean
seed bed, as is usually done for tur
nips or ruta-bagas. If the land has
a liberal application of manure the
previous year, so much the better.
On average land it will be well to
apj?ly broadcast over the land, just
ftfter breaking and before harrowing,
about 300 to 500 pounds per acre of
a fertilizer containing 8 to 10 per cent
available phosphoric acid, 4 to 6 per
cent potash, and 3 to 4 per cent nitro
gen.
Seeding.
For the Coastal Plain and Piedmont
sections, the spring seeding may be
made during March or early in April,
and the fall seeding any time between
August 20 and October 15. In the
mountain section the spring seeding
will have to be made in April and the
fall seeding during the latter part of
Joly or .early in August In order to
get best results. The rape seed are
sown broadcast alone or with other
crops like small grains and crimson
clover. In sowing with small grains
the rye, oats, or wheat seed should
first be drilled in or sown broadcast
and covered an inch deep and then
the rape seed sown broadcast and
lightly covered by means of a light
smoothing harrow or brush. Where
the rape is used alone, 4 or 5 pounds
of seed per acre will be sufficient. A
good seeding, when sown with oata,
would be 1V& bushels of Red Rust
Proof or Appier oats with about 2 to
3 pounds of Dwarf Essex rape seed.
Rye at the rate of 2 pecks or wheat
at the rate of 4 pecks per acre may
be substituted for the oats if found
desirable to make the substitution.
Another mixture that has been found
to give good results in supplying pas
turage for hogs consists of a seeding
made up of 2 to 3 pecks of rye, 5 to
6 pounds of crimson clover, and 2
pounds of Dwarf Essex rape seed. Thia
latter mixture has proven particularly
valuable for the mountain section for
elevation less than 2,800 feet abov*
sea-level. Usually with rape alone or
seeded in the mixtures indicated abov*
the grazing may be started usually
within thirty to sixty days after seed
ing. Frequently during a favorably
season the rape may be lightly grazed
by pigs three to four weeks after seed
ing.
Precautions in Grazing.
In pasturing rape the hogs should
not be allowed on it until the plants
are at least 10 to 12 inches high, for
if pastured before this time the young
plants will be likely to be pulled up
and killed. Care should be exercised,
too, that the number of hogs on the
pasture is not so large as to keep the
rape too closely grazed, for such would
prove fatal to the plants and the life
of the pasture would thereby be mar
terially shortened. After being grazed,
the plants should be given an oppor
tunity to get well started into growth
before being grazed again. By divid
ing the field into lots these may be
pastured in succession. If sown on
good land and properly handled oue
acre of rape will provide grazing for
ten or twelve hogs for something Ilk#
two or three months or more.
PREPARING FOR A LARGER
CROP OF WHEAT THIS YEAR
FLOUR WILL BE HIGH NEXT YEAR
AND FARMERS SHOULD IN
CREASE THEIR CROP.
By C. B. Williams, Chief Division ol
Agronomy, N. C. Extension Ser
1 vice. West Raleigh, N. C.
Indications are that the price ol
wheat, and hence, of flour, is to b?
"high during the next year. This will
naturally cause a planting of an in.
creased apreage of this crop. Undei
normal conditions this would not be a
promising situation under which to
advise the growing of more wheat;
but since Congress will in all probab
ility fix a minimum, price for stand
ard grade wheat at primary markets
of $2.00 per bushel it certainly seemi
to be advisable this year.
In the Piedmont and mountain sec
tions of the State, wheat growers
should increase their acreage to sgme
extent at least. Those who have nol
grown this crop previously in thU
portion of the State might do so with
safety, and in all probability put in
a few acres to good advantage te
provide for the needs of the family,
On some of the more ?compact
eastern soils, also wheat might b?
grown during the present high prices
with fairly satisfactory results. Op
dinarily we would not recommend ths
growing of this crop but very little,
if any, in the Coastal Plain Section
of the State because this portion ot
the State is not nearly so well adapt
ed generally to It as the Western halt
It is highly important that good
?seed shall be secured for planting
purposes. Of the varieties that ar?
commonly grown Leaps Prolific,
Dletz Mediterranean, Fulti, Purple
Straw, and Fulcsster have shown up
in our tests to be the leadlai
ylelders.