VOLUME 37.
THE SMITHFIELD HERALD, TUESDAY, OCTOHER 29 .1918.
Number 87.
SUNDAY IN THE
BLOODY WAR
General Ludendorff Reported Re
signed—The German Line Contin.
ues to Crumble Under the Allied
Attacks—Fall of Aleppo in Syria.
Advance .Made on the Hanks of the
Tigris—Americans Continue Their
Good Work in Verdun Region.
While the peace talk goes on on
each side of the Atlantic the Allies
continue to make heavy Inroads
against the Germans and Turks. The
Associated Press gives the following
summary of Sunday’s operations:
A crash has come in the personnel
of the German high command. Gen
eral Ludendorff, reputed to be the
brains of the German army—the man
who promised the Germans he would
crush Great Britain anti France be
fore the United States could get un
der way in a military sense—has re
signed his position as first quarter
master general and Emperor William
has accepted his resignation.
Simultaneously, while the German
line continues to crumble under the
allied attacks and the German border
is slowly but gradually being ap
proached by Germany’s foes, comes a
report that the Reichstag by a large
majority has passed a bill placing the
military command under the control
of the civil government.
On the western battle front the
British, French and Americans have
continued to make further slight
gains against the Germans; in the
Italian theater both the British and
Italians have scored successes, while
in Asiatic Turkey the British have
captured Aleppo in Syria and are
driving ahead on the banks of the
Tigris in Mesopotamia, with the
Turks unable to check them. The
fall of Aleppo and the continued ad
vance up the Tigris are moves of such
strategic value that it is not unlikely
Turkish opposition shortly will be
entirely overcome both in the Holy
Land and Mesopotamia.
The French armies fighting on the
40-mile front between the Oise and
Aisne rivers are keeping up their of
fensive against the Germans and have
made additonal gains, taking several
villages and compelling the enemy to
fall back at various points.
In the region southeast of Valen
ciennes, around Le Quesnoy, the Ger
mans have delivered violent counter
attacks against the British. Their
efforts to throw back Field Marshal
Haig’s men from the position they
hold were unsuccessful, and heavy
casualties were inflicted on the enemy
by machine gun and rifle fire.
The Americans have begun the sec
ond month of their operations in the
region of Verdun by keeping up their
attacks against the Germans from the
Meuse to the wooded country north
of Grand Pre. Some further prog
ress has been made notwithstanding'
continued strong opposition by Ger
man machine guns from behind
the natural fortifications which
abound throughout this district. Am
erican airmen also are continuing
their bombing operations behind the
German lines, their latest effort in
this respect having been made against,
the territory around Briquenay, north
of Grand Pre, in which 140 airplanes
took part, 60 of them being bombing
machines.
Since the Americans have begun
their operations northwest of Verdun
more than 45 vilages have been lib
erated, an advance to an average
depth of 10 miles has been made and
more than 20,000 Germans have been
made prisoners.
MAY HERALD ACCEPTANCE
OF TERMS OF ARMISTICE.
London, Oct. 27.—The resignation
of General Ludendoff is interpreted as
heralding Germany’s acceptance of
the Allies’ armistice terms. Whether
this interpretation is correct the res
ignation of the first quartermaster
general cannot fail to seriously affect
the morale of the German army.
Unofficial advices report the situa
tion in Germany is daily growing |
worse. There are persistent reports >
of riots in various parts of-the coun- j
try, conflicts with the police, and Joss :
of life and that lack of raw raateri.u ■
is seriously interfering with the pro-;
duction of munitions.
The socialist, George Ledebour. is j
quoted by the Cologne Volks Zeitung ;
as saying in the reichstag:
‘‘The baneful influence of the Kai- j
ser must be removed” and advoca-1
ting the abolition of the monarchical |
syste ii. His speech was greeted by j
the socialists with shouts of “Abdi-j
cate!”'
Mrs. T. W. Bickett, wife of the Gov
ernor, has returned from a six weeks’
trip to England and France, where i
she visited the Y. W. C. A. hostess
houses.
, jj
’-I-.
PEACE TALK GOES ON
AND ALLIES PUSH ON
In AH the Battle Zones They Are Con
tinuing Without Mercy to Drive Foe
Before Them; in France German
Line is Slowly Disintegrating Un
der Violence of Allied Offensive;
French Gain Signal Victory From
Oise to Bethel.
(Associated Press, 26th.)
While both Germany and Austria
are seeking to secure a cessation of
hostilities and Turkey also is reported
to be favorably disposed toward
peace, the Entente Allied troops on all
the battle fronts are giving no heed
to peace proposals, but are continuing
without mercy to drive their foes be
fore them.
And in all the battle zones the allies
are meeting with marked success. In
France, the German battle line is
slowly disintegrating under the vio
lence of the allied offensive; in north
ern Italy the Austro-Hungarians ai’e
being forced back by the British,
French and Italians with heavy losses
in men killed, wounded or made pris
oner; near the shores of the Mediter
ranean in Albania the Italians are
driving the Austrians toward Monte
negro frontier, while in Asiatic Tur
key, both in Syria and Mesopotamia,
the British are fast clearing the Turks
from their former strongholds.
Although the Germans in France
and Flanders still are strenuously re
sisting the allied attempts to break
their linei, they are giving away
steadily under the force of the at
tacks.
South of Valenciennes, in France,
Field Marshal Haig’s forces, notwith
standing stiff opposition, have ad
vanced their line in the general opera
tions which has in view the capture
of Valenciennes and pressing on to
ward Mons and Meubruge in the gen
eral converging movement that is go
ing on between Belgium and the re
gion north of Verdun.
In connection with this general
movement, the Amereians northwest
of Verdun have begun an operation
which possibly may have important
results. For the first time since the
Americans entered the war they have
opened fire against the back lines of
the enemy and heavily bombing Lon
gyon, some 15 miles distant from the
American first line positions. It is
over the territory through which the
American guns are throwing their
shells that the Germans have been re
inforcing their lines eastward, and
should the blasting procesfe prove ef
fective in blazing a trail along the
Meuse for a quick advance by the
Americans it is not improbable that a
German retreat from the region east
of St. Quentin northward towai’d Lux
emburg will be necessitated.
Typhoid Wiped Out in Orange.
Typhoid has become a thing of tho
past in Orange county as the result
of a house-to-house campaign conduct
ed in 1915, at the expense of the gov
ernment through the efforts of Major
Stedman, of Greensboro, Congressman
for the district in which Orange is lo
cated. The good effects of the survey
when seven experts were sent to the
field to instruct the people in the ur
gent matters of health, are shown in
a lowered death rate, from 13.5 per
thousand of population in 1914, to
12.6 in 1915, it saved the life of 24
people in one year, in other words. No
deaths are reported from the disease
during the past three years.
No More Notes Will Be Sent.
London, Oct. 28.—The German gov
ernment’s reply to President Wilson’s
last note to the effect that it is await
ing negotiations for peace and pre
pared to negotiate peace and that this
government is now constituted is tru
ly representative of the people of
Germany and is clothed with altual
constitutional power and is therefore
empowered to make terms with the
Allies and the United States has been
received at the Swiss legation in this ■
city by cable. This note is regarded I
here as merely sent for the purpose
of making acknowledgment of the re
■ • of the President’s note and
his demands, to the effect that he will j
only treat with the people of Germany
and not with the military and auto
cratic government of Emperor Wil
liam, and that the newly constituted
authority desires a quick conclusion
of the terms of the armistice that
peace may quickly come to their coun
try.
To this note the President is not ex
pected to make any reply, all that he
has to say having been summed up in
the previous messages. The matter
of an armistice and the terms are
now in the hands of the Allies and tha
co-belligerent nations.
DOCTOR GRAHAM
DIED SATURDAY
President of the University a Victim
of Influenza—He Was One of the
South's Leading Educators—Dr.
Graham Was Only 12 Years Old.
Dr. Edward Kidder Graham, Pres
ident of the State University, died at
Chapel Hill Saturday evening, of
pneumonia, following an attack of in
fluenza. He was stricken Monday.
Pneumonia set in Wednesday. His
funeral was held at Chapel Hill yes
terday.
The following brief sketch is taken
from Sunday’s Charlotte Observer:
Edward Kidder Graham was born
in Charlotte, October 11* 1876, mak
ing him 42 years of age at the time
of his death. He was the son of Arch
ibald artd Eliza Owen Graham, his
mother being Miss Eliza Barry.
He attended the Charlotte public
schools and entering the University
of North Carolina, took his Ph.B. de
gree in 1898. He graduated from
Columbia University in 1902 with the
M. A. degree, and took post-graduate
work at that university during 1903
1904. The University of the South
at Sewanee, conferred the degree of
D. C. L. on Dr. Graham in 1914, and
Erskine conferred the honorary de
gree of LL.D. the same year. In 1915
Wake Forest and Lafayette each con
ferred the honorary degree of LL. D.
on Dr .Graham.
He married June 25, 1908, his bride
being Miss Susan Williams Moses, of
Raleigh, and to this union three chil
dren were born. Two died in early
childhood and Mrs. Graham died in
December, 1916. Edward Kidder Gra
ham, Jr., now eight years of age, is
the only surviving child.
Dr. Graham was professor of Eng
lish and dean of the college of liberal
arts at the university from 1908 to
1914, and was acting president of the
institution during the latter part of
1913 and part of 1914, being elected
president in fact in 1914. He was ij*
augurated as president of the Uni
versity on April 21, 1915, which posi
tion he held, with great honor and
distinction, until the time of his death.
Deceased was a member of the Na
tional Education Association, the
North Carolina Teachers’ Assembly,
and the North Carolina Historical and
Literary Society. He belonged to
Sigma Alpha Epsilom and the Gro
gan’s Head fraternities.
In politics, Dr. Graham was a
staunch Democrat, wielding a strong
influence for his party in the State.
He was a Presbyterian in faith, and
a consistent member of that church.
GERMANY’S ANSWER TO
WILSON’S LATEST NOTE.
Copenhagen, Oct. 27.— (By the As
sociated Press.)—Germany’s answer
to President Wilson’s latest communi
cation folows:
“The general government has taken
cognizance of the answer of the Pres
ident of the United States.
“The President is aware of the far
reaching changes which have been
carried out and are being carried out
in the German constitutional struc
ture, and that peace negotiations are
being conducted by a people’s govern
ment, in whose hands rests both act
ually and constitutionally, the power
to make the deciding conclusions.
“The military powers are also sub
ject to it.
“The German government now
awaits proposals for an armistice,
which shall be the first step toward a
just peace, as the President has de
cribed it in his proclamation.
(Signed) "SOLF.”
Radio Station Near Monroe.
Everything is now ready for the
construction of the radio station and
tow. : In Union county, near Monroe.
The papers have ben signed, and the
land v, ill be paid for. The navy is
to the greatest wireless tower in
the ■i 1 on the sit approved.
There is no question about the plant
now,” said Secretary Danie l:- Wednes
day. I have ordered the work to be
gin and be pressed tc a finish.”
This station will be built no matter
what happens on the battleffonts. The
land will cost about $75,000. It - in
the no-ice belt.
Austria-Hungary Asks for Armistice.
The Associated Press dispatch from
Basle, Switzerland, in this morning’s
dailies says that Austria-Hungary
has dispatched a note to President
Wilson stating that she is ready to
enter into negotiations for an armis
tice, accepting all the conditions laid
down by the President.
After a suspension of two weeks
the factories of~ Kinston resumed op
erations Friday' morning.
THE PRESIDENT
MAKES AN APPEAL
Gives Reasons Why Congress Should
Remain Under Democratic Control.
Republican Leaders Anti-Adminis
tration and Create Friction by Try
ing to Take Control Out of Hands
of President.
Washington, Oct. 25.—President
Wilson in a statement today address
ed to his fellow countrymen, asked
them to return a Democratic Congress
in the November elections if they have
approv ed of his leadership in this crit
ical time.
Following is the President’s appeal:
“My fellow Countrymen:—The Con
gressional elections are at hand. They
occur in the most critical period out
country has ever faced or is likely to
face in our time. If you have ap
proved of my leadership and wish me
to continue to be your unembarrassed
spokesman in affairs at home and
abroad, 1 earnestly beg that you will
expiess yourselves unmistakably to
that effect, by returning a Democratic
maority to both the Senate and House
of Representatives.
Official Issues Depend.
“I am your servant and will accept
your judgment without cavil but my
power to administer the great task
assigned me by the constitution would
be seriously impaired should your
judgment be adverse and 1 must
frankly tell you so because so many
critical issues depend upon your ver
dict. No scruple of taste must in
grint times like these be allowed to
stand in the way of speaking the plain
truth.
“1 have no thought of suggesting
that any political party is paramount
in matters of patriotism. I feel too
deeply the sacrifices which have been
made in this war by all our citizens ir
respective of party affiliatioas to
harbor such an idea.
Unified Leadership Necessary.
“I mean only that the difficulties
and delicacies of our present task are
of a sort that makes it imperatively
necessary that the nation should give
its undivided support to the govern
ment under a unified leadership and
that Republican Congress would di
vide the leadership. The leaders of
the minority in the present Congress
have unquestionably been prowar, but
they have been anti-administration,
At almost every turn since we entered
the war they have sought to take the
choice of policy and the conduct of
the war out of my hands and put it
under the control of instrumentalities
of their own choosing.
iso lime lor Divided Council.
“This is no time either for divided
council or for divided leadership. Uni
ties of command is as necessary now
in civil action as it is upon the field
of battle. If the control of the House
and Senate should be taken away from
the party now in power an opposing
majority could assume control of leg
islation and oblige all action to be
taken amidst contest and obstruction.
“The return of a Republican major
ity to either House of the Congress
would moreover, be interpretive on
the other side of the water as a repu
diation of my leadership. Spokesmen
of the Republican party are urging
you to elect a Republican Congress in
order to back up and support the
President even if they should in this
impose upon some credulous voters on
this side of the water they would im
pose on no one on the other side. It is
well understood there as well as heie
that the Republican leaders desire not
to so much to support the President
as to control him.
Means Vote of Confidence.
The peoples of the allied countries
with whom we are associated against
Germany are quite familiar with the
significance of elections. They would
find it very difficult to believe that the
voters of the United States had chos
en to support their President by elect
ing to the Congress a majority con
trolled by those who are in fact not
m sympathy with the attitude and
lotion of the administration.
\of for Party, Rut for Nation’s Sake
I need not tell you, my fellow coun
trymen, that I am asking your sup
port not for my own sake or for the
;ake of a political party but for the
sake of the nation itself in order that
ts inward unity of purpose may be
evident to all the world. In ordinary
imes r would not feel at liberty to
ttako such an appeal to you. In or
linary times divided counsel can be
mdured without permanent hurt to
;he country. But these are not or
linary times.
“If in these critical times it is your
vish to sustain me with undivided
ninds I beg that you will say so in a
vay which it will not be possible to
nisunderstand either here at home or
imong our associates on the other
fide of the sea. I submit my difficul
ties and my hopes to you.
“WOODROW WILSON.”
FOR SIX MONTHS
SCHOOL TERM
Both Parties in North Carolina Go on
Record in Favor of the Amend
ment.
Raleigh, Oct. 27.—Both State Con
ventions and all party leaders of
North Carolina having gone so heart
ily on record in support of the Six
Months School Amendment to be vo
ted on November 5th, the State De
partment of Education in Raleigh as
pires to one hundred per cent in the
returns on that day.
The proposal is the first offered
in the present generation that appears
to have no opposition. And in receiv
ing the united support of both parties
and all the political captains of either
organisation it is in the highest sense
loyalty to the country now at war and
the best sort of preliminary training
for the return of peace.
Nevertheless, the Department in
Raleigh is takfng no chances on votes
against the school measures as the re
sult of failure to inform the voters.
It had been determined by both polit
ical parties to discuss this amend
ment and to urge at the instance of
President Wilson, Ex-President Taft,
Colonel Roosevelt, our Senators and
officials of State that, in no portion of
the country should there be any less
ening, but rather a quickening of our
educational interests. But an epi
demic unequalled in North Carolina
before, came to destroy political
meetings and this appeal is made
through publicity agencies.
The six months’ term means merely
that North Carolina is to write into
the Constitution, the organic law, the
provision for a six months' minimum
school term instead of four as now. In
urging its passage both political par
ties assert, their faith in the worth of
North Carolina children and in the
worthiness of the citizenship of the
State. North Carolina children need
the extra term. This term can be
lengthened one month in every rural
or urban place by State and county
funds without local special school
taxes. And if adopted it will be the
means of making a substantial in
crease in the salaries of teachers, of
filling schools that now are empty be
cause teachers cannot live on the
wages paid them, and better still, of
attracting back to the schools many
of the finest teachers who have been
driven, by necessity for work that
paid them a living, to go into other
occupations.
The President of the United States
and two ex-Presidents, the leaders
of both parties and the head of our
school system can be trusted in their
belief that of all the times of national
life the schools are now most needed.
The defeat of our amendment would
not merely keep us at a standstill. It
would be a distinct step backward at
a time that slackerism is in worldwide
disrepute.
Military Command Under Civil
Control.
London, Oct. 27.—The German
reichstag, by a large majority, has
adopted a bill placing the military
command under control of the civil
government, according to an Ex
change Telegraph dispatch from Co
penhagen.
LLOYD-GEORGE AND BALFOUR
HAVE GONE TO FRANCE.
A London dispatch in reporting the
fact that Premier Lloyd George and
Foreign Secretary Balfour had gone
to France with the naval and military
advisers, says it is understood author
itatively that the allied governments
will not reveal their armistice terms
until Germany has replied to Presi
dent Wilson’s last note, which it prob
ably was expected would contain
more than the mere fact that Germany
was waiting for the terms of the
armistice.
Willing to Shake a Few Responsi
bilities.
London, Oct. 28.—Emperor William
has no intention of abdicating, but is
willing to reframe his rights, accord
ing to a statement attributed to Ger
man sources. The Emperor is credit
ed with saying that he would not
abandon his sorely tried people, but is
willing, if his people desire it, to sub
mit to a limited monarchy along the
lines of the government of Belgium,
England and Italy’.
Wheatley to Step Down for
Abernethy.
News is sent out from Clinton that
Wheatley, the Republican nominee for
Congress in the Third district, will
step down. Th^ Republicans will en
lorse Abernethy and the erstwhile
Ighting Democrat welcomes the sup
port of his former party enemies.
ENEMY LOSSES
EXCEEDINGLY HEAVY
Americans Cause 70.000 Casualties on
Verdun Sector—Since Present Hat
tie Began They Have Freed 40
\ oltages, Taken 20,000 Prisoners.
With the American Army North
west of Verdun, Oct. 26.—(By the As
sociated Press.—8:30 p. m.—The Ger
man efforts to break up the Ameri
cans was lessenged somewhat today.
From the extreme left to right, artil
lery was employed but without mate
rially altrenig the situation. High
explosive shrapnel and gas shells
were thrown over the front lines and
far into the back areas but no at
tempt was made to counter-attack on
the large scale and the few minor
movements of the army were brought
to a swift end by concentrated artil
lery and machine gun fire.
Since the Americans began the pres
ent battle they have inflicted more
than <0,000 casualties on the enemy,
freed forty villages and 487 square
kilometers of French territory and
have captured 20,000 prisoners, be
sides the German wounded who fell
into their hands.
Destructive Work of Influenza.
Mr. Otis Ward, who lived near the
Johnston line, died Thursday, October
24. He had been prominent in poli
tics in his county. His wife died
about a week before his death. Mrs.
Kizzie Weaver died at Benson on
Wednesday, October 23. She was 79
years old. Mr. Victor Penny, from
near Benson, was here last Friday and
told us of a family near Coats from
which seven people had died.
Mrs. Oscar Mozingo died at Selma
Thursday night of last week. Mr.
Mack Price, a Johnston county man,
who had been clerking for M. J. Best
& Son, of Goldsboro, died Wednesday,
October 23 and was brought to Pine
Level for burial.
WHAT NICHOLAS APPERT
STARTED.
A little more than 100 years ago
there were no fruit jars in the work!.
They preserved fruits in those days
by drying or putting them away in
sugar, vinegar or salt.
It was in France that the first can
ning discovery was made. Napoleon
was dissatisfied with the waste and
spoilage in the military stores and of
fered 12,000 francs to any one who
would discover a better way to pre
serve food.
Nicholas Appert. was an expert
brewer, confectioner and distiller, and
as a result of some of his experiments
he announced (15 years after the re
ward was offered) that he could keep
food by putting it in jars, setting the
jar in boiling water, heating thor
oughly and sealing up tight.
This was introduced as a war meas
ure, but it was such a simple and de
sirable thing to do that it spread first
to England, and then to the United
States. New York had the process
nine years after Appert announced it
and Boston only one year later.
Today, if Nicholas Appert could
take a look into the average Ameri
can kitchen during the canning season
he would be amazed to discover what
he had started in 1810. Not only that,
but the work of the demonstration
agents, with boys’ and girls’ clubs
during the past year, bids fair to set
an unequaled record in the line of
home industry.
Three thousand home demonstra
tion agents and leaders of boys' and
girls' clubs have been in the field this
year. Every State Department of Ag
riculture has arranged for additional
workers for the sake of the canning
drive. \ t
New York, Massachusetts and Con
necticut have more community can
ning kitchens than other States; there
are 100 in New York alone. Seventy
right southern cities had community
canning kitchens this summer. Ari
zona ha- several co-operative commu
nity canning and drying centers.
Michigan has 20 such places.
On hun ’red 1 f -five busi
ness concer s h ve pub!' bed insruc
tions ( i hoi r canning for fw®e dls
rnd an c?n
One an ' r.oe-hnif billion quarts was
he goal set f r home canning this
rear. Fr • ev ,y indh . tion it has
jone ovt ’ f top
Many th; to Nicholas Anperfc.—
—Baltin w o.
The North Carolina Tobacco Ware
house Association has decided that all
tobacco markets in the east may opei*
o- Monday, November 4. This" meets
with the approval of the State Board
of HeaHh. ‘