1
Communications
FOR THE FREE TRESS.
To the Citizens of Edgecombe.
A manifest lameness in the
poor laws for this county, has ex
isted almost time out of mind.
To this subject the author of the
present little essay would fain call
the attention of his fellow citi
zens. Experiment appears to be
the only true basis of correct rea
soning in the moral as well as the
physical world, and to those, who
have been long conversant with
'the affairs of our county, experi
ence has doubtless attested a vi
tal defect in its internal polity with
regard to the 'provision for the
poor.' The correction of abuses,
when discovered, should be a pri
mary object with every communi
ty. Without an observance of
this rule on a national scale the
experience of ages, in matters of
government, would weigh as no
thing and mankind would be at
the same point of political degra
dation they were, a thousand
Tears ago. It is a fact well known
to some, while to others it may
appear strange, that, of those who
subsist upon the public charity,
there arc 'some few? at least,
whose individual labor is adequate
to procure them all the necessa
ries if not the conveniences of
life. Hypocrisy, a predominant
ingredient in the composition of
human nature, turnishes a garb
'which those, who unite to poverty
laziness, know too well how to
assume. Thus it is, that in a mul
titude of instances, to use an ex
pression of levity, the Wardens
are posed to speak more sen
ously, duped, fairly duped. And
this will continue to be the case
until more effectual means are ta
ken to guard against all imposi
tion. The best possible remedy,
in my humble conception, would
be obtained, cither, by increasing
the number of Wardens to one
for each captain's district, or, re
quiring the parishioner to pro
duce a certificate from two or
three of the most respectable per
sons residing in the same district,
stating his or her actual situation.
The portal to the avenue of decep
tion would thus be entirely clos
ed, and those who, from a modest
diffidence or pride, now pine in
want, would experience the gene
rous sympathies of their more
fortunate fellow citizens. This
reformation in our present system
of 'poor laws,' added to the esta
blishment of a Poor-house, as au
thorised by the General Assembly
in the year would be a sav
ing to this county of hundreds,
annually. The cause of our War
dens' neglecting this salutary act
of the Legislature, is certainly
best known to themselves. Thev
cannot attribute it to a want of
funds, for about the time the act
was passed, or a period a little
subsequent, the coffers of the
county were filled to overflowing
and in order to rid ourselves of
sueh an uneasy burden, a great
parade was made in the newspa
pers about building a fire-proof
oince tor the more effectual pre
servation of the records of the
county, which eventually evapora
ted in smoke the present low
(condition of our finances to thejfor your own wenare. xou uiiu.. pb uh y as ana4
luuaiuuii V" i. . nnnnirnnwnMflnn. inanv other to conceal its intention
contrary notwitnstanuing: uul rJ u.v r. , nrPnnmt;nnfl r - OJ ttQits
W1 j o I nvii.nt m iror All vnur l J. I preparations for a not ...
.1 rv tl.n IVvtli nnH fecarCfilV IS thie rpmnrir.Ki
... ... I 1 l I tYi o a l nrt rvi n 1 n I, .1 . wQ-
funds which will VicKJ you silver, "auu, wucu uie riirht.
you must lmmeaiaieiy turn nuu
silver, and nave u uanspunuu iu
your Banks in this State. Barrel
up the dollars, ana pay mum 10
the brokers, and you will choke
them immediately. They cannot
carry them without great difficul
ty and danger, and you will get
clear of these monied caterpillars,
who arc now eating you up who
have made great fortunes by your
management of the Banks. The
United States Bank will also be
partially got rid of by the plan I
propose. You will be able to do
business with that institution on
much better terms than you do at
present: vou will satisfy the pub-
lie, and all will be in a healthy
condition aain. One more word
before 1 leave you: Let me ask
whv it is. or on what principle is
it, you expect a dividend of eight
per cent, per annum, when the
Stockholders of the best institu
tions in America think they do
very well to get six per cent.?
You must come down. Money is
like wrater: it will find its level,
and you must be levelled with
others. The writer of these re
marks has always been friendly
to the Banks. lie has spoken
and written in. their favor. He
tlinn fMiiwidornd thn Rnnk nf
reat service to the State and peo-Mut a11 patience has limits, the
No imaginary fear need be en
tertained of the practical opera-
.
tion of the plans here proposed.
An appeal to other counties in the
State, and some not far distant,
for the beneficial effects resulting
therefrom, is superior to any other
argument that can be adduced in
support of them. God forbid that
tor the sake ot a tew pence, we
should desire laws to be made to
trrind the poor! But when an ar-
tide can be purchased from the
stores for two dollars or for one,
the texture and durability being
the same, will even the most fool
ish hesitate what choice to make!
My fellow-citizens, you see the
applications-it is unnecessary to
say more. A FARMER.
BY REQUEST.
From the Kaleigh Star.
To Wm. Boylan,JohnStanhjand
Joan K. London, Esqa.
Gentlemen It is absolutely ne
cessary that the Directors of the
three Banks in North-Carolina
make some efforts, some sacrifices
to place their notes upon a more
respectable tooting. 1 he people
have borne the evil Ion" enough
They have for years been paying
a considerable discount on your
notes making great sacrifices
for your benefit. It has become
high time you condescend to make
some sacrifices for yourselves.
You cannot expect the citizens of
this fetate to be always paying
from five to fifteen per centum on
your notes. The evil has become
alarming, and if you do not act,
and act quickly, the people must
act for themselves. Your Char
ters must be surrendered, and let
the worst be known at once. One
will be ruined, but fifty will be
benetittcd by such a result. Can
any man hesitate to pronounce
that it is better policy for a Le
gislator to relieve fifty of his con
stituents from their present evils,
than to continue them, for the pre
servation of one! 1 conceive no
man will doubt but that the inte
rest of the many must be preferred
to that of the few. Gentlemen,
you have it in your power to place
your notes in two and a half per
cent, of par value immediately.
You must do it or you must shut
up shop. This state of things
must not, nor cannot be borne.
The direct taxes to support the
late war were not worse to the
people than the great discounts on
your notes, rorm a loint com
mittee from the Banks in North
Carolina, come to the resolution
of simultaneously opening their
vaults and making specie pay
ments for all their notes. Let an
experiment be tried to this effect.
Let the Bank of the State pay to
the extent of $200,000, Newborn
Bank to the extent of $100,000,
Cape Fear Bank to the extent of
8100,000. The sum of $400,000
paid as aforesaid, will bring the
notes of North-Carolina nearly to
their par value. You can make
these payments with ease, and re
deem your Banks from that dis
honor that now attends them, re
lieve the people, and promote the
welfare of the State. You must
make a sacrifice of a half year's
dividend for the public good, and
tllP IHQinn Ann o m 1
uti vitiated
vessels which it covers riPt,;' ,
and the cargoes made theprew
a rapacious and arbitrary Gove
ment. Our subjects found them
selves compelled to break their
uaiu, ui iu icave, wiinout delay
hostile country. 1 he Bosphonj,
is closed our trade annihilated
Our southern provinces, deprived
of the only channel for the expor
tation of their produce, are threat,
ened with incalculable injury -I!
Nay, more! At the moment Q
the negociations between RUss;a
and Persia are nearly concluded
a sudden change on the part of
Persian Government checks tie
course of them. It soon appears
that the Ottoman Porte exerts it
self to make Persia wavpr h.
promising powerful aid, arming
haste the troops in the adjoint
provinces, and preparing to sup!
port by a threatening attack tins
treacherous hostile languae.
This is the series of injuries of
which Turkey has been guilty
from the conclusion of the Trearv
of Akerman up to this day; and $
l I .1 r ... 5'
mis is, unnappiiy, tue fruit ot the
sacrifices and the generous exer
tions by which Russia has inces
santly endeavored to maintain
peace with a neighboring nation
pie. His only object now is to
have them placed in such a situa
tion that they may be a public
blessing, and not a public evil.
Executions for thousands of dol
lars are now marked to be paid in
U.S. notes or specie executions
down to as small sums as ten dol
lars are so marked. D.
Jforeigm
IMPORTANT!
War between Russia and Tur
in). The Editors of the New
York Evening Post have received
London papers to the 15th May
inclusive, containing the import
ant intelligence that Russia has
declared war against Turkey,
and that the Russians are on their
march direct to Constantinople,
the Capital of Turkey. The fol
lowing is the official Russian De
claration of War:
Manifesto of His Majesty the
Emperor.
By the Grace of God. Wef Ni
cholas, Emperor and Autocrat of
all the Kussms, &c. &c. &c.
The Treaty of Bucharest, con
cluded in the year 1312, with the
Ottoman Porte, after having been
tor sixteen years the subject of
uibpuies, now no longer subsists
in spite of all our exertions to
maintain it, and to preserve it
from all attacks. The Porte, not
satisfied with having destroyed
the basis of that Treaty, now de
nes Russia, and prepares to wacre
ugamst it a Bellum internccimim-
it summons us people in
to arms, accuses Russia of bein
its irrcconcileable nnnmu- o?i
. J ) uuvi ouv 11 iiui lay "
tramn ins mw m- i. . . . . J i t
, iuui liim I ynnunn. V rnniiT nhrninmrr inr I "1"
. . l" 1. . ..-r vui-uiiii.. . c, ,
honor of the Russian name, the
dignity of the Empire, the invio
lability of its rights and that of our
national glory, have prescribed to
us the bounds of it.
It is not until after having
weighed in their fullest extent,
the duties imposed on us by im
perative necessity, that inspired
with the greatest confidence in
the justice of our cause, we have
ordered our army to advance, un
der the Divine protection, against
an enemy who violates the most
sacred obligations of the law of
nations.
We are convinced that our faith
ful subjects will join with our
prayers the most ardent wishes for
the success of our enterprise, and
that they will implore the Almigh
ty to lend his support to our brave
soldiers, and to shed his divine
blessings on our arms, which are
destined to defend our liberty,our
religion, and our beloved country-
Given at St. Petersburg, tj
14th (26th) day of April, in t e
year of our Lord, 1828, and the
third of our reign.
(Signed) NICHOLAS.
(Countersigned by the Vice Chan
cellor,) NESSELR0DE.
The Declaration of the Russia
Emperor follows his Manifesto
and occupies two closely pr,nte
columns in the London pape
It is an extended history of w
grievances of which Russia com
plains, and of the negotiations V
which she has sought to redre
them. It declares that Uvf
has no ambitious plans,
enough of nations and counin -
already obey her laws, but
sihn tvi tint hu fimvn n ..
The
Hon ot Akerman, and with that! Manifesto premises that the trw
all preceding Treaties. Lastly, ty of J..!y Gth shall be obsef
tle I one d,JUS not ilcsit.lle t0 de, fc t)iat Iiussia win Co-operaU";"
cinrc, that ,t accepted the condi- he Allies to carrv it into eft