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1 :
THE
PLOW
U
Mm ldillAL. COMMENT.
THE COMING UttYOLUTlCKN.
FUBLI8IIBD WEEKLY BY r
TUt Plow Bot Pibllihing Ccnpanj
7,1,60,
JB. "W. TLIKE, -
On dollar a year in adrance.
In the Mory ot ehameful pclit
ical failures j tli pro-ent so called
fi)cmocraii pai ijr jus no parailol
It Htai.Us Jii jnfninently as lh
most dcei jilLvc political organization
"Editor t which vtfef havo any record. Iu
. . r i as.
- Local iiditor jxii election lai-i yuar. tho Dcrinlu
.B. I - " r i
were bo ihechsvd wita the work
The Editor of "Tlie Arena" Dis
cusses Mr. Call's Book in a
Striking Paper Dealing
with Fundamental Evils
i of the Hour.. J
(rom the Arena, by permission.)
the Situation,? the Hon. Thomas B
Vat8on- publishes in his paper an
address to the Populist party. Mr.
Watson is the ablest and motst un
selfish leader in the Populist raovo-
mnht. and hid vipwa ura therefore
entitled to high consideration. The .nalthed uorn uie i)iaees which, ii.ej-
Omaha convention made some aligbi Lad dihgraliaJ and iw xen elected
changes
t a
i their
-ierrihlo. re
iu. itMK-ou, u was
like to modern
a
r v
lcisioc
ttld.
Ill ) 1818
Klppi.
in
the
uived from the ma8Sf;s
w;vh even greater t
in the Oeala platform
which, Mr. WatBon, claims, was u
mi&talie. 14 Tho following is clipped
from his article.
v 'We have been in the thick of the;
fiht.for four y oars, and wo have
some right to an opinion. Wo op
posed these changes .before they
Wore made, but we did not sulk bo
cause ' they were made. Wo -toon
to our guns, while some of the long
haired doctrinaires who forced these
c hanges into our platform scooted
away to quieter - regions when the
fiirhtinir jrrew Aot and danffcrous.
. . i ....... H
T-hey'were in bomb-proofs during 'n"lhlul pd a matter ot course
the tempest of 1892, arid they are ho piirty ipisinlegrntirig and niusi
In homb,riroofa now. inevitably .W to ruin, and inaoLn
.-ucy, but tStjf story is Lot all
On TuesdidMof la-t. week elections
2 . k I. I - - 5 1 .
svere hvid fii fccverar states and J)e-
inucr&cy nearly everything
. . . E i . . -. .
'rebuke it r
of tho j. et j!
it was lafct
inncmsion
Ijlar. . Thero is but
It will be altogether beneficial to limo wiI1 w
01 In "The Coming HiivoIa'tionM Mr.
the pren ildminitt ration that they Call has made a contribution to o-
WADESBOltb. N.C. Nov. 13. 1895 arose almost as ne man and hurled cial economic literature of the new
frm pobiuofi thoee who had de t,m0, 01 rK',t,v,e value, i U is a work
I m I I mliii.lt . k . m f m .k rf rt il - I I 1 i
ailE PliATFOlTBI DISCUSSED, ceiv d tliefo and against whom they yV : i.. : "IT!;
Under the head "ThoTrutbAbout had an opfeahnity of voting, t ho train;jet cull to freedom: but it is
solid sou iM was torn asunder never more than this it is a calm. fair.
gain to bd fsoiid" Democratic anv' and masterly survey of social condi
more, and hM line political humbW uon9 as they exit; an investigation
Ar, ttlnor;tn ,rl. .r uitue uiiucriyiiig.causcB.onuw- wiuo
. Ill, , , . n Mpid poverty and misery of today,
:ecciviug aw ,Mu..ut, .uj, lu ncu a bchj ,mt reug0IraDc atlU states
I (l H ... 1 ... . ,
.lie ior nitcp or iweuiy years, were manlike presentation of measures.
which, if radical, are as conservative
a any remedies can be,i which in the
nature of tho case are more than
palliatives or temporary makeshifts
1 he. author is a brilliant lawj'er;
he has been trainod to reason logic
ally and to view questions on all
s:de-, -bat his education has not
olinjou him to the fundamental de
mands of justice. He has a charm
ing style, at once lucid and concise;
maUcs. his meaning perfectly
i t . r i-
ptam, wuuc using lew woias an
urt lew writers posses?; his style is
simple, ind he ' has so thoroughly
mustered the ulject in hand that
be finds no. difficulty in making his
m-':ii)nig p' tlbcily plain.
S ) important is tins' work, at tne
-reeui crisis I ha', it calls for an ex
ten. led review. As may be inferred,
the author does not agree with the
conventional economists who owe
i heir popularity and '.livelihood to
their efficiency a-- sophists in-the tin
savory if lucrative role, of -the paid
tools .or attorneys' for1 plutocracy,
and who are ever anxious to .silence
lht discontent of tho industrial mi!
lions, who are being pressed lowly
hut remorselessly toward serfdom,
through injustice and tbo. essential
tan
one
mo
namely," that the D
cialic party is not capable of A
ihe peirplo;4n administration gov
crned by hhesty and wisdom. It
leaders arcjmbotb incompetent land
known only nsa maltci
the party if they hereafter keep 01 history
their hands out of our platforrr
Work, and let the men who really:! There allots of curious things in
bear the tug ot war say upon what the .world, Ljit Iho thing that cxditcs'
issues the contest shall' be fought, our curiobil moL of all is the njian
A S Now, to what does all this pre- er in wl.ij aew of the remnant anarchy of capitalism, lie doesnoi
facd tend? . of a once csrlat politcal nartv cliiif believe that it is the will of a Divine
fniynniv f hifi. Lin to Lho sliell. Thev som til l.n ' Providence that a million should
frl.'o . j ;ti- Vt -i I i ii P' - . 1 " , suffer that ten may revet-ib millions
:"?r VK . Tf . 1 r of dollars which have been acquired
form. unmiitaKayre lact mat .modern Le by the ten, but earned chiefly by
If we make auv change at all in jnociacy his kit every great land
those -demands, it should consist in noble principle upon which the )ar
the millions.
In his opening chapter on "The
PaZLs..- afl 0Ki.0h.n u xr. .mIfw.ii- fn.,rtr. Signs of the Times?' he says:'
r B .. J 1 I ' 8P .J ' I I'hAPA ia t h nan whn hntra fAmn
This was never an essential prin see in theii)arty.nothing but chaos tochlU.ge the wretchedness and war
) ciple; it was but a detial of dislribu and disorder; tbey see its leaders di faro now everywhere ex i s t i n g
iioni Tho essential principle is that vided uponkvery great question that among men to their institutions, in-
IhAffArAmmAntahflllrrA'itoonrrpnrt 1 1 hn miiiliiinri4 nrii nivir nl 1 Oieuu ui any wiau ui ueucuceui
' ti ' .1. ' i l I .1 U i rn j i provision for their future: they de
enough io answer the needs ot bus- Uee the party shamefully routed ami ... thrt 1Mait,r rti u'fif.j ,
iness, and shall issue currency di- defeated nearly everywhere, and yet hardships tho great mass of raan
rectly to the people. we somtjtirae'N hoar a cuckoo talking kind now suffer, and j demand thai
liot us adhere to the vital princi about tho 'principles of Democracy," tnese narasnips oe at ; ouce remeai
pie, and throw open to the govern- s though ijbe Democratic party ihad v. ...
meni, me wuoe ueiu 01 cuoice us vo ny jr.neeCXcepvon nsaiiaDie , 0It w;hicU isuW- thc vaciQUS Iconditiona, fothft reaso that the
thedetail .of distribution. ; thirst fo ripoili A latferday Dem methods -proposed for remedy ing TTreeJom or stiigple "the rpfmong
'?-VbeBub-trc&8ury plan has beshow-locratic patriot (?) is certainly a cu the wrongs which are becoming too
oredus with ridicule from Borneo to riosity of this age.
ilamschatka. Undeserved ridicule,
'-..nil..
we Krant--DUt onective, nevertne- opeaKingr 01 elections reminds us
lessl : The heat argument on finance of the prophesies made by the rina:
grievous to bo borne.
(4lhe Condition of the toiling
masses may truly be described as a
struggle for existence. Hard and
constant toil is necessary for the
our best orator delivered could not serving Democratic editors i minted!- meagre return which: clothes body
tely after their de feat last Vcar. hd affords shelter and bod, but it
.r ' i 2 j. f l , ,T- I Tt i & j ,111 s is nui tun V;ti3VJlCCO li i uu vi- -WW! IV
KA- n4 I iiprnnnw " Mil ir ni r 1 I wrnld liliur fttnl hi lifii'irkii j o. .
s !'iir .i - . . . r . .. I . i rf i , , t I wmcu
and "Potato Security'
we
; Facts are facts, boys, and we bad raey Will Bio Again" Now,
just as well recognize them when rise' to ak' bur brother Democratic
they meet us in the big road. j wditors when they expect the rcjsur
Let us drop Ihe sub-treasury; let rection to bygin. If we are U) judge
us fiigain demand that the necessa from the election returns of last week
riei of life be untaxed by the tariff: it would eeim that-instead of rising
let ps stand by the cardinal doctrine the Dcmoclatic party id still gmg struggle, llowevei
tnat it is unjust; to buiia up by leg-
ialation one industry at the expense
of another: and lot us deliver our
jand plank from the suspicion of
Bocialism.
-5; I In ij doing this we show that
spoke the truth , when
wp'.told the people that we nevCr
had, in principle, departed! from the
y)calirilatform. .
ijifjQ .rjilly to our ranks once more
the-mouwho left us when wo seemed
Ittrldivb ihe Alliance demands. '
jEjC?: F4L9uf Pfcy i" 8UCu a strong
jt dpLuservati vo, position that the
'irttllidns1 of hbdest voters who want
eiqrm, . but , tear revolution, can
in the pthirr direction. Will
'biotLerinfexplain it for us agjaii
our
0
lirilh lift iri lAflAirtRnHinor thA rnrlir-jil J 1 1
a.linin iLni,, show cvenfiherclsk is shown in
i.iif . . . . 1 .Iheir aeaJirti' witn children. Hnr-
' . -
is chit n v resnoiisihle for the
tprials under tho heading Denjioc- discontent which is present among
the industrial millions, throughout
t he indusirialworld. j Y ork is not
itself unwelcome, butjit is the anxi
ety, ' poverty, and wretchedness
which are everywhere the lot of la
bor, that cause men to look with
...ii ... -i. ..,.i .....4 ..ki' .. k: .
i eagre their
subsistence, this is ever .precarious;
i heirs is a contest for-very life in
winch many iail. xvach recurring
crisis shows 'Uow thinj are the walls
ot chance which ever -divide tuccess,
in this struggle, from failure. Then
it is that tbo merchant and the
mechanic tail in business, the farmer
loses his .farm j" -and penniless and
burdened with debt they together
sink into the condition of wage
laborers; meanwhile their lv.in has
alio driren labor out. of employment,
ahd the ranks of the! unemployed,
always full, swollen from the?evai
ons bources, become now so crowded
tbat all cannot hope tb obtain, posi
lions; ax competition ejisues in which
some must inevitably fail. Uow
ever remote the tramp and fbv
pauper of society may seem from
their. more fortunate fellows, they
aave out tailed in itho common
ni .1 4 fat
loino m?s oi mo people npt
ing is so costly as thought. rT
th
ho
tact that, taking the world Oyer,
ninety ninefpeoplo out of a hundred
accept tho Ireod to which they were
born, exemplified their mental
' i j t.
altitude toHvards things at large.
Nearly all fthen) pursue mecian
icully the xJutino to. which they
have been aiiustomcd, and are ino4,
only blind m its. defects, but jwi'il
not recogn5( fbom as defects when
thoy aro pintcd out. And j the
reluctancy I to .'.,-thmk which they
rm.
JiThe campaign of 1896 has already
begun. VVhether Populism shall bo
nitf awefr ordegenerate into n
tiictloo depeads entirely iu pon.ju r-
b.rt Spcnc
Hoke hMiTii and G rover Clcve-
innd landedii Atlanta on Tueslday
of last Wtlk. So much great pess.
tirust upoa the south allot Hsnd.ien
1 tt eelvetierbar enough d issatis ! rust:upoa jbe south allot a sudden
r:4 v ifili"1'' ti'itii f- u-jiiftr, ( j Murewihc elements out of Nut !and
. 1 ,iyOrs.jn;thej:wO old prtiesstp llhefTe8ult as an Cranio kili!n!l
f 1 1 w weicwrj! ii. topy ojiio ; W 'fi Ut: fcd lodged by a
JiJrfcejrr ootcomingto iii4fi ltjed6bch an ii
r I -1 "lontf la thiw lin h mttrtfrv Aiiftt.r.t Ml nrt DolpiiCentrij
;tojigisheyi6ttn br madd totuBi ect m l$km
:VgrW teojU'(pnr.raqi9a.t y i-"
ASi nomiektoBalh
our'Omah
ptisraKrewgnizo this i truths And
fiot box- It is
immense weight
centra ted on one iside
gain soon. The old
top a wabble ever
flWiCfrrrSpMjrni ...Mercury. ,1 i
Grover's Irlsit was also iollnw.id
n-)W.fiuKel :.on j)Urs day of
l ist week. Ve bopoi heiwiW confine
himself lo Buzzard's Bay hcrea
i laro enough for all, but every
where lanu is occupied withheld
from use. It is, too, so bouuiil'd
that if labor is b.it al'owed to exert
itself for a brief season, the cry is
raised of overproduction, the mark
ets are glutted, mines must close,
mills must be bhiitdown, and labor
must be turned out of employment
because there is no demand for its
products. Nor was the "labor of
man ever more effective than now.
Machinery has come to 1ih aid, and
with it he can accomplish so much
in ev ry o ranch of production that
labor iiseh is becoming superfluous
a dragon the market; ; man i
crowded out of tho field of industry
because his labor has become too
efficient. Surely, the world is large
enough for ail,when its bounty more
than suffices for all the wants of man,
and when his labor is only too-efficient
in procuring the satisfaction of
his wants surely, in face - ot these
facts, the posi; ion of man in the
wor Id cannot be IkU responsible lor
his woe&; want and wretchedness
cannot be preacle.S as tho uecessaiy
ynd natural lot of man.
'-Tho poor will not believe that
their struggle and want are neces
sary, so long as they see in contrast
with their condition the possesions
and idleness of the.rich. This is not
only the age of-paupers, it is also
the age of the millionaire; the hovel
of the poor is under the shadow of
the palace of the rich. However
stinted and wretched .may be the
lot ot' the masses, they sec here no
evidence of want; all is, instead, the
most iavish luxury and display;
ever tning that wealth can procure
to satisfy the wants, or pander to
the appetite and pride ;ot man, or
astonish tho gaze of, the ibeholder,
belongs to these favorites of for
tune. Yet, notwithstanding all
their expenditures the fortunes of
the rich are ever swelling into vast
er and vaster proportions; the num
beroi the rich, too, is last increasing-1
fhc hoards and the fquanaennga of
these alike show that the world is
filled with abundancejthej' also show
tho wondeuful effectiveness of labor;
for labor, either pf the present, is,
after all, tho source of all value, and
the means by which all wealth is
brought into being."
Thus it will be seen that the
'survival" argument is fatallv weak
in that it is based on false premises.
It necessarily assumes that there is
not room enough for all, that some
must perish in order that others
may survive, and thereforo that
man has a natural right to prey up
on his brother. Not only does this
popular plea rest upon false premises,
bnt it assumes that man in civilize-
tion is accoraea .at least as laira
chance in his struggle with his fel
lowman as the loer animals enjoy,
and this assumption is false.
't. iu not. si nnl wa ' a tr iir.xanf
the
the lower animaUfl allowed is hero
dofiied. The bruto has the free uso
ol all his faculties; to one is given
strength, to another cunning, and
each, by the kind provision ot na
lure, is adapted to obtain his living
in his own. way. ibis is indeed the
cause of his survival: the first law ot
nature, tho ir3tinct of iite, ; is self-
preservation; to preserve his life the
brute is allowed the use of- every
faculty given him; where iite is at
stake every means to preserve it is
justified. But it is not so with man's
institutions. Man cannot' by lis
strong arm help himself to the
plenty he sees around him; to do so
would be trespass or crime. Cun
ning is the only faculty in free use,
and it is allowed to run riot. iVlanU
strength is chained helpless, while
low cunning deft -fingered, passes
by and filches fiom it.
"Nor is labor allowed in its strug
glo the freedom of opportunity giv en
the brute. Each brute has free
access to tho world; man is denied
that access by the laws of society,
which give the world to the lew in
each generation and sav to ali others
"It is mi to any lack of wealth
tt world, but, instead,, to manV
institutions which have made this
distribution ofjt, and jhave given to
the few so much, .that we must to k
if we would know why the many
hav so little."
The authcr points out tho sign of
profound discontent everywhere
manifested. Id our country tne
violent oscillations of the political
pendulum, no less than the desper
ate struggles of organized labor, are
suggestive signs of the times. lie
shows that a political readjustaient
must speedily supervene, else will
political tts well as industrial free
dom soon be a thing ol the past.
"Industrial slavery carnot long
coexist with political freedom
Either the spirits of men will be
crushed, as under tho tyrannies ot
ancient times,and they will become
unfit to remain free even name,
or they will resent the
yoki ot oppression, whatever its
toim, and demand with their ballet
that they shall bo tree, not only in
name, but also in fact."
Tho progress o f revolutionary
ideas is necessarily slow in gaining
popular acceptance, especially
among phlegmatic people. Tho at
tentien must-be gained, the reason
successfully 'appealed to, and the
-i
people must also be made to see that I
l hejr interest will be better con
served by the change. Old preju
dice have to be overcome, and the
influence of opinion-forming organs,
which are always largely wedded to
conventionalism, have to be neutral
iz -d. Fr. q:ient!y the most benefi
cial reforms are retarded by a false
a n d vicious conservatism which
turns alarmist whenever a progres
sive step is proposed for society.
let the history'ot the world o great
reformative measures shows that
when evil conditions have reached
such a point that a noble discontent
is everywhere visible, the light of a
better day dawns and increases un
til the darkness which enslave the
brain and lent wings to fear disap
pears. In order to intelligently appreci
ate tho subject, it will bo necessary
to notice somewhat at length : 1,
the con Jiiion of society to. day. 2,
bow that condition has been pro
duced. 3, whether tho producing
causes admit ot the remedy. 4, The
nature of tho remedy required. 5,
The application of tho remedy. o
The effect of the remedy. 7, How
tho revolution is to be accomplished.
It is to these subjects that the au
thor devotes his succeeding pages,
which are written in an easy, fluent
manner, affording interesting read
ing even to those who read lutle,
and so lucid that the dullest intel
leetand those mdst unused to phir
losophical reasoning will find no
difficulty in following the author in
his comprehensive survey of condi-
baltle, which they 'aro. waging for
the right to earn a little more than
a hare livelihood. ; Tho toiler look:--
out upon & bountiful world, but
"knows full well ibat of all thi
wealth be ha no right to so much
as a crust of bread to keep' from
starving, except Ie earn it by his
labor. Nor even" to ' labor has ho
any right, except, by tho consent ot
tho owners of this wealth; for upon
the soil or its fruits all labor must
be exerted; he rouet have the use of
these, and of machinery and tools,
and must enter tho employ of these
owners, who are thus his masters.'
INVENTIONS WHICn SHOULD HAVE
BLESSEDj HUMANITY AUE MADE A
CCRISE TO THE MILLIONS.
The growth of labor-saving ma
chinery, which should have proved
nn unalloyed blessing to tho race by
reducing Itho tirao required ior
manual labor and giving to the chil
dren of men ample time for cultiva
(ion of brain and soul and for whole
some recrjeation, has proved a curse
rather than a blessing to th toiling
millions, putting ihem ever and cv
er more completely in tho-power of
the few who are in reality tho mas.'
ters of thomillions.
"The servant machinery makes
the servant man superfluous. That
such is two. etlect oi maemncry is
self evidelnt, fromits labor-saving,
labor dispensing power. That la
bor shares no part in tho ma to rial,
the machine; or tbo product; it sells
its services when it can, and re
ceives its pay. and that is tho end
: . " " - .
so fur as lit is concerned. 1 bat la
bor, however, loses its employment
is no less certain; for if capital have
a now servant thsit cheaply can do
so much,! what folly it would bo to
employ the old! let capital uow give
employ ment to all the labor that
otters itself, and the world's markets
are at onbe glutted Hence labor is
tramping! the country vainly for
work and daily losing cmyloyment,
because no longer required.
Tho condition of the farmer boy
is scarcely less pitiable; and another
starthng fact which is .well woi thy
of notice is that with each rccuri
ing panic or financial crisis, thos
engaged tin other linos of industry
and in business -aro being carried
with irresistible force toward the
condition of the mechanic and the
farmer, j
" Wo are, it is said, a nation o
debtors; laud pre-eminently is this
of the business men of the country
Scarce oino in a hundred but is doing
business! on a credit, purchasing on
credit, selling on credit. It is lm
possible; ior any oi tnem at any
limo to isaj what they are. worth
When collections are good and tboy
are ablvj to pay their bills, they seem
to succtfed: but in adverse times
when their debtors cannot pay .they
are brought lace tof ace with lhataci
4 'Mm
MiiiT, nun erftr imnniif s. i ii?niv t
ii'55.,lilft?5sl,1"n,S anf ltiJppaUl -witb almost eah recurr
TariaUactesT his concise nTAtf fi
larded interests or other
wealth. The real masters
struggle.
The
t
XISTESCE
I i
1
ter.
.-W- -'--'-iW i. J ...I -a-Ait.in ..I..-.. i
If we refuae ia e the truth, .and
A tl i.. .
. ti .11 f irtui M-Mmt - i P i-i - .!lL I
lip power in the -prresent 1ope f oir
, we iuture. -
T. B. W.
TbrH ta iob$ deal of talk1 those
Ik gi,Atra,assen , that itii ibp
: ti 44 I Tr iTr.l"X lV."?r
,Now is the time to circulate re-
form papers! Cast the brcad-upon
tbOf waters!
.-I
jHepeHrle .a,;, tiling to'b
4teairedi;buipwitb' citizens. 4f the,
United Stats, the fndepeiidenOe cjf
tneir own country should be accomT
;jiiBiM,y4.vua i voMuiryr,i8 as, ftnancial
' .. . - Is l.t: ..:. 4 .i ' . i . '
aopenaenoyot'infl' fn c rtoy kings - of
BufHfep Wffeyijtk
there can b no real Independence
in the "United . States. Franklin
(Ind.) Ptopfp'6 Paper. ; I '
SlIiUGdLE FOR
Fallacy
But it is urged that; tbo savage
s'ruggle for life is seen among the
lower animals, that the weaker arc
devoured by the stronger; and the
fittest survive, therefore this brutal
struggle is natural. : This argument
is fatally weak if examined in a
candid aid impartial -spirit, even
though we leave all! question of
morality out of the discussion. For
'he conditions ara uiot the same
The freedom which obtains among
the lower animals isj not present
here. The widespread misery today
is due chiefly to artificial and not
natural conditions. . Qn this point
Mr. Call is very strong. . He shows:
(1) That there is no 'sound reason
for tho struggle for existence with
man because there is wealth enough
tor all, and under just conditions no
maty woman, or child who choose
to work need fear poverty. (2) That,
tttiderhe conditions j which exist
atoofog.tho lower animals the colos
M fortuhes of the present would be
impSssi bled" T'b.ese 4. wo poi n U arc
cTearl 'st ' fprllijkffiujpoji the estab
iil) men t Qi pltipQ ibq popular plea
pjf. (he a RP.lpgVJts fpr. plu tocracy falls.
Touching, .the bounty, pi,, nature he
bservea n .ilmii ,j.'i Ui
i u VThe. position of man in theworl
is far frommfavorublOrf The worl
"The Comine Revolution ." ; bv Hen
ry L. Call. Pp. 240 ; price, cjoth. $15,
paper. 50 cents. Arena Publishing
Company. Boston, Mass.
"keep aloof.'' These few play the
'dog in the manger;" and jalthough
l hey may each have enough to bup-poi-t
a thousa nd such as they, society
itself stands watch and ward over
their possessions, and turns portion
jess labor away unless it can pur
chase the consent of tljese owners b
the wages of servitude. Compared
with the lot of -labor how free thai
oi the brute! Take the most savage
and despicable of these, the wolf and
the hyena: thoy each range the
prairie or forest in equal i struggle,
and do not always feel it necessary
to war upon and devour each other;
then when they havo satisfied their
maw from the carcass which they
with honest toil have slain,5 tbey
become almost sociable, and per
haps abandon it to their fellows. If,
now, thee brutes had reached a
high state of civilization, and united
into a society giving to some lew of
them, under the name property
r'ghts, the whole world now ranged
in freedom by all, and compelling all
others to come to them in service or
beggary for leave to get j food and
shelter, how like to the institutions
of man they would have attained.
"No! the doctrine of the struggle
for existence brute doctrine though
it be is altogether too merciful to
palliate or justify the institutions
with which man has cursed himself;
it is too honest a doctrine. These
institutions will instead be found to
h a v e cloaked j themselves under
names sacred and revered by man,
such as "liberty,' "rights of properly,-'
and the like, and not i to have
paraded openly in their true colors
under any doctrine however brutal,
else would mankind have long ago
risen in revolt and made short work
of them."
It is net in tho working of na
tural lawj hut'in
the operation of
artificial and unjust conditions that
we find the mainspring of the miserj
of man throughout the civilized
world, i v , 1 v ! --
of major producing factors .in' pres
ent evil social conditions, and his
statemanliko discussion of funda
mental 'reforms whi;h alone can se
cure equality of opportunity or es
tablish just conditions - which can
reasonably meet the icquircmcntfc
of rociety to day.
Frequently the employer is placed
in as irying a condition as the em-pl.-yed,
boih being virtually slaves
to a b'W who have acquired great
form oi
ot both
employers and employed are the
owners oi tho world's soil and its
wealth.
' These owners fix tho terms not
nly tor ihe toilers, but fur that of
their emphn ers also, and rob from
both. The dependence of labor
Joes not mean accepting tho wages
of another; if a man have the choice
whether to do so or not, ho ma' ac
cept i hern and still bo free. It ib
the denial of this choice to both cm
ploycr and employed iho condi
tions which give all the footholds
and means of life to tho few, and
enable theso to say to dispot-sesscd
labor, 'This world is ours, and
hetber ye toil for day 'a wages or
otherwise, ye can have no right to
labor, or place or ineansupon which
to labor, except by our leave and
upon air terms'- -that constitutes
ihe dependence of labor. It is this
dependence that makes toil so
grinding and existence so precarious
a.d that makes labor debt ridden in
spile of all its hardships. Were it
not' for the fact that the debtor is al
lowed his legal exemptions, and that
our laws no longer tolerate impris
onment" for debt, at hast three
fourths ot the race would be even
now al the absolute morcy of their
creditors."
THE CONDITION OF THE WAGE-EARNER,
TO..DAY.
While it is true that tho theory
of the survival of the fittes when
applied to man is fundamentally
talse as well as inhuman, it is truo
that owing to unjust conditions,
flow from special privileges, a few
are enjoying the fruits of "the indus
try of the millions with the appall
ing result that the masses today are
forced into a fierce and pitiless
struggle for existence which ii at
once essentially debasing to tbo
moral nature, enervating to-tbo! In
tellectual faculties, and. destructive
to free government and enduring
progress.
"Whether we take the wge
worker, the farmer, the mechoolp,
or the business man, the position of
each, and bis existence even a r se
cured only by a fierce and competi
tive struggle. Not enly is that
struggle intense, but it is also pre
carious, as seen in the condition of
the wage-laborer when he loses em
ployment, ot the farmer when, una
ble to hold his farm, be loses it under
mortgage or of the , mechanic and
the merchant who fail in business
and are ruined". . - - -. f ;
r Very impress vo is 4tho extended
notice of the dependent condition of
the wealth-producers of the world
and the bitter struggle, the forlorn
between them. Yet
world the millionaire
i - . ,
the condition ot the poor and that
of tho millionaire; iniagination can
carco bridge- over tbo: distance
in this "hew
is! of recent
. ! II
irigin. 1 . ; , ;
"When it is considered that loss
than thirty thipsand men already-
own half the entire wealth of this
Country of some sixty million in
habitants, and that the number and
wealth ot the enormously rich is
ast increasing, tbo poverty of the
masses may be accounted lor. The
poor and the rich live in tho same
world; and, however enormous mav
be the possessions f the one, or
meagre the scant earnings of tho
other, these aro alike drawn from
the same fund;, producis of tho soil
is the source of all wealth. If. then.
the few have such disproportionate
share, there must be litde left for
mo many, just in proportion as
iu iieu grow relatively ricuer
must thepoorgrow relativclypoorer.
u uen wo sec ino millionaire neap-
ng up his hundreds of millions! in
the course of a single lifetime, we
may and must expoct to see labor
getting less than its share,andpover
ly increasingjandthis is born outby
the actual iact: in large centres
w h e r e m i 1 1 i o n ai res i n ost abound, t h o
squalor and povorty of tho poor is
most general and most extreme.
fbis is, indeed, but tho law of arlih-
mctic; one half ot the iiation's wealth
or labor's gains being given to thirty
thousand men, there remains but
one half to divide among the sixty
so the law
vitality! bo
one part of
. r
million otners. it is a
of organic life; ib tho
absorbed to plethora by'
the body, air other parts must bo
enfeebled thereby. .j i
"It is not, then, because tbo world
is too small Or tbo niggard, it. is not
because nature refuses to yield tof
man's labor enough welilth fori all
hi need, that tho many poor jaro
living in misery and dyijng of want."
Mr. L'nll el early ' establisbes iho
important fact that "The oppressed
condition of labor is not due to any
pressure oi popuiauon upon siiosisi-
cnongh, but
it is appropriated and withheld fiom
uso.o .Yet even under
testly unjust conditio!
little of tho appropriated earth W
actively employed, weultb is created
in abundance, but the distribution
of this wealth makenthu niidinnairo
and the proletariat. H nxt em
phasizes the fot that ffhe rich aro
exempt from ftftv struggle for exist
ence like that til the poor man,"d
that it is by- exemptloq from chat
struggle and through e;iijoymerdo
privileges' that the colussal fortjneq
are a ego. i red. j ,
suen nni
S when o
(Continued next wjeek.
)
Cotton States- .and Intematioai
to their loot; others, by itho most
desperate exertions, aro barely able
to maintain their credit; few, indeed,
rise into the ranks of wealth and
independence. For one that really
succeeds, there are, in all tho walks
of toil and hone-it industry, bun
dreds w ho fail."
TuIe raiVILEQED CLASHES.
In the character dealing with the
privileged t lasses, Mr. Call turji-
ihe scare i-iiirht upon thtdark places
of our ptitieal and ceonmie : s s
i.em, and reveal root causes of want
m a cleai. incisive manner, wi.ich
will proi'.' any thing 4ut p'oa'.ing to
the bariiacles of soeiely. -If- there
is -anything which arrogant piutoc
racy 'leafs, it is a complete uumask
iiig of the real causes which are
forcing millions to lives of hopeless
drudgery in a land ot marvellous
wealth, whenr under just conditions
every man and woman who chose
to work j might soon become the
owner ofta home, and gain a posi
tion where age would not have ter
rors Jroiil possible want, and where
ihe children wlyo came into the
home woti d be properly ,-; educated,
and would also be able to-ynter- ac
tive life with a nH)rtriiyni; prospect-
before, them I h a t7hol?l
servitude and- perhajs a homeless
ago, W hen ' the truth that the
misery wihich tens of thousands ot
industrious people suffer arid the
ever-present dread which haunts
millions of lives aro duo to mon
strous crimes which are entrenched
behind partial and cruel paternalis
tic law?, and the-refi.sal on the part
of society' to accept the great ba-t c
truth that the caitb belongs to the
people,and not to a few people;when
the slo w ihinkinir masses who lor
so many Veary ages have allowed
themselves to be hoodwinked by tin;
tools of the privileged classes,
awaken to the truth that by uni
tmg at, ime oaiioi voey can enang;
the current affairs, and in so chang
ing may bring about, not nihilism
or ruin,; hut a bloodies and glorious
revolution which shall help human
ty upward tWwwIJ ah onward, acd
radiant tho uoebipf of happiness
oyer a heart hvy world then
will Unwti th hour of Humanity's
l0t Uplyndid triumph; the hour
wUiqU hall CRiiilc man to be called
rational being
To-day while the toilers of the
WOlid Bit engaged iu a desperate
struggU; for "a precarious subsis
lewm, they see around them the
IttvUb wegth andidle sph udor ol
the rich"; a spectaclrt which alone,
if they would but stop and think,
wculd effectively set. at naught all
the fiae spun fallacies and explana
tion of the minions of plutocracy.
They f would, also' perceive that
while their own desperate exertions
furnish tbera only a scanty living'
the favored classes are "vying with
each other, in a mad race to spend
their hoards fo'r vulgar display and
for every luxury., and indulgenco
known to man, while, furthermore,
their fortunes, despito their reckless
waste of unearned wealth, ."are
growing from- year tq year. No
eompai ipju can be . made '. between
exposition.
o-a-
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