North Carolina Newspapers

ADVERTISING Your money back.—Judicious advertis ing is the kind tbst pays back to T°« the money you invest. Space in this paper assures you prompt returns . . VOL. VIII. - NO n. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE IVesWlent Roosevelt in his annual message again urges the cuuctuieut of a law prohibiting corporations from eoutributiug to campaign fuuds. lie also urges the passage of the measure conferring upou the government the right «f appeal iu criminal cases on questions of law. Coutluuiug, the president says: I cannot too strongly urge the pas sage of the bill lu question. A failure to puss it wlil result In seriously ham pering the government in Its effort to übtuln justice, es|>eclully against wealthy Individuals or corporations Who do wrong, aud amy also i>revent tbe gOTernuieut from obtaining Justice for wageworkers who are not them selves able effectively to contest a csae where tbe Judgment of an inferior court has been against them. 1 hare specifically in view a recent decision by a district Judge leaving railway employees without remedy for viola tion of a certain so called labor statute. Tbe Importance of euactiug into law the particular bill In question is fur ther Increased by the fact that the gov ernment has now definitely begun a policy of resorting to the criminal law lu those trust and Interstate commerce cases where such a course offera a rea sonable chance of auccsss. Proper I'M of Injanetloas. 11l iny lust message 1 suggested the enactment of a law In connection with tbe issuance of Injunctions, attention having been sharply drawn to the mat ter by the demand that the right of ap plying Injunctions In lalior cases should be wholly abolished. It Is at least doubtful whether a law abolish ing altogether tlie use of Injunctions lu such cases would stsnd tbe test of the courts, lu which case, of course, tbe legislation would be Ineffective. More over, I believe It would be wrong alto gether to prohibit the use of Injunc tions. It is criminal to permit sym pathy for criminals to wesken our hands In upholding the law, and If men seek to destroy life or property by mob violence there should be no Im pairment of the power of the courts to deal with them In the most summary and effective way possible. But so far aa possible tbe abuse of the power should be provided against by some such law as I advocated last year. Asralaat Lraehln*. 1 call your attention and tbe atten tion of tbe nation to the prevalence of crime us and, above all, to the epidemic of lynching and mob violence that springs up now lu oue part of our country, uow In another. Kacb sec tion. north, south, east or west, has Its own faults. No section can with wisdom spend Its time Jeering at the faults of another section. It should be busy trying to amend Its own short comings. To deal with the crime of corruption It Is necessary to have an awakened public conscience and to supplement this by whatever legisla tion will add sliced aud certainty lu the execution of the law. When we deal with lynching even more Is neces sary. A great many white men ure lynched, but the crime Is peculiarly frequcut In respect to black men. The greatest existing cause of lynching Is the perjM'lratlon, especially by bluck men. of the hideous erluia of rape, the most abominable In all the category of crimes, even worse than murder. Lawlessness grows by what It feeds ujiou, anil when mob* lieglu to lyucV for rn|te they speedily extend the sphere of their oiierutioua nud lynch for many other kinds of crimes, so thut two-thirds of the lynchlugs ure uot for rape at all. while a considerable proportion of the Individuals lyuched are innocent of all crime. There Is but one safe rule In dealing with black men ns with white men. It Is the same rule that must lie aie plleil In ileullng with rich men aud poor men—thut U, to treat each man, whatever bis color, his creed or his so cial position, with even handed Justice oa. his real worth as a man. White people owe It quite as much to them selves as to the colored race to treat well the colored uiau who shows by his life that he deserves such treatment. There. Is no question of social equality or negro domination Involved. In my Judgment, the crime of rape should always be punished with death, as ia tbe case with murder. Assault with Intent to commit nqie should be made a capital crime, at least lu tbe discretion of tbe court, and provision should be nisde by which tbe punish ment may follow Immediately upon tbe heels of tbe offense. No more shortsighted policy can be imagined than In tbe fancied interest of oue class to prevent tbe education of another class. The white man. If be Is wise, will decline to allow the negroes In a mass to grow to man hood and womanhood without educa tion. "Preachers of Hers DtsoMtoat." In dealing with both labor and cap ital, with tlie questions affecting both corporations and trades anions, there is oue matter more Important to re member than aught else, and that Is tbe infinite harm done by preachers of mere discontent. These are the men who seek to excite s violent class ha tred against all men of wealth. They seek to t#r»_ feise snd proper move uientsfw the better control of corpora tions and for doing away with the abuses connected with wealth Into • campaign of hysterical excitement and falsehood in which the aim Is to In flame to madneaa the brutal passions of mankind. Tbe sinister demagogues and foolish vlalonariss who are always eager to undertake such a campaign of destruction sometimes seek to as sociate themselves with those working for a geuulue reform In governmental and norlal methods and sometimes mas querade aa sueb reformers. In reality tticy are tbe worst enemies of tbe cause they profess to advocate. Just aa tbe purveyors of sensational slander In news|ui|>t*r or magazine are the worst enemies of all uieu-who are engaged In •n honest effort to better what Is bad In our social aud governmental condi tions. Corruption Is uever so rife as In com munities where the demagogue nud the agitator bear full sway, because lu audi communities all moral bauds be come loosened, and hysteria and sensa tionalism replace the spirit of sound Judgment ana rati dealing as between mail ami uian. Iu sheer revolt against tbe squalid anarchy thua produced men are sure lu the end to turn toward any leader wbu can restore order, sud tbeu their relief at belug free from the In tolerable burdeus of class hatred, vio lence aud demagogy Is such that they cannot for some time be aroused to In dlgiiatiou against misdeeds by men of wealth, so thut they permit a new growth of the very abuses which were lu part responsible for the original out break Tlie oue hoi* for success for our |ieople lies lu a resolute aud fearr less but sane aud cool headed advance aioug tlie path marked out Isst year by this very cougress. There must be • stern refusal to be misled into fol lowing either that base creature who ap|H'ula aud panders to the lowest In •tlucts and (Missions lu order to arouse oue set of Americans agalust their fel lows or that other creature, equally base, but no baser, who lu a spirit of greed or to accumulate or add to an already bilge fortune seeks to exploit his fellow Americans with callous dis regard to their welfare of soul and body. The man who debauches others In order to obtain a high office stands on an evil equality of corruption with the mon who debauches others for financial profit, and when hatred Is sown the crop which springs up can only be evil. The plain people who think—tlie me chanics. fsrmers, merchants, workera with head or hand, the men to whom American traditions are dear, who love their country and try to act decently by their neighbors- owe It to them selves to reinemlier that the most dam aging blow that can be given popular government Is to elect an unworthy aud sinister agitator on a platform of violence aud hypocrisy. Railroad Katploreoa' Honrs. I call your attentlou to the ueed of passing the bill limiting the uumber of hours of employment of rullroad em ployees. The ineusure Is u very moder ate one. and 1 can conceive of no seri ous objection to It. Indeed, so far as It Is In our |s)\ver, It should lie our aim steadily to reduce the number of hours of lalior, with as s goal tbe geuerul itt troduetlon of nu eight liuui (lay. There arc Industries In which It Is not pos sible that the hours of labor should be reduced. Just as there are communi ties not fnr enough advanced for such a movement to lie for their good, or. If In tjie tropics, so situated that there Is no analogy between their needs and ours In this matter. On the Isthmus of Panama, for lustance, the condl. tlons are In every woy so different from what they ure here that an eight hour day would be absurd. Just as It Is absurd, so far as the Isthmus Is con cerned. where white lalior cannot be employed, to bother as to whether the necessary work Is done by alien black veil or by alien yellow men. But the wageworkers of the United States are of so high a grade that alike from the >v.irely Industrial stund|iolut and from the civic *tund|siiiit It should be our object to do mtoit we can In the direc tion of securingSHie general oltservance of an eight liourbay. Let me iigalu ur£t that the congress provide for a thorough Investigation of the conditions of child labor and of the labor of women In the United States. The horrors Incident to tbe employment of young children In fac tories or nt work anywhere are a blot on pur civilization In spite of all precautions exercised by employers there arc unavoidable ac cidents and even deaths Involved In nearly every Hue of business connect ed with the mechanic arts It Is s great social Injustice to coui|>el the em ployee, or, rather, the family of the killed or disabled victim, to bear the eutlre burden of such an Inevitable sacrifice In other words, society shirks Its duty by laying the whole cost on the victim, wlrereas the Injury «>mes from what may lie called tbe Icgltl mate risks of the trade. Compensation for accidents or deaths due In nny line of Industry to the actuiil conditions un der which"-that Industry is carried on should be paid by that portion of the community for the lienefit of which the industry Is carried on -that Is. by those who profit by tlie Industry. If the eutlre trade risk Is placed upon tbe employer, he will promptly and prop 'erly add It to tbe legitimate cost of pro duction and assess"*tt proportionately npon tbe consumers of bis commodity. It is therefore clear to my mind that tbe law should place this entire "risk of a trade" upon th^employer. Capital and Labor Dlapates. Records show that during tbe twen . ty yeara from Jan. 1. 18S1. to Dec. 81. lllOO: there were strikes affecting 117,- j 5(10 establishments, aud (l.Kio.lftM cm ployees were thrown out of employ ment. During the same |>erlod there were 1,003 lockouts, Involving nearly 10,(100 establishments, throwing over 1.000,000 people, out of employment. These strikes aud lockouts Involved an estimated loss to employees of $307,- 000,000 and to employers of $143,000.- 000, a total of *4.V1.000,i00. The public buffered dlre-tly and Indirectly prob ably a« great additional loss. Mauy of 'base strikes and lockouts would not have occurred bad tlie par tie* to tlie dispute been required to appear before an unprejudiced body 1 representing the nation and. face to 1 face, state the reasons for their eon ffir t WILLIAMSTON, N. C., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7. 1906 - 1 tentlon. The exercise of a Judicial •plrlt by a disinterested body repre- ' eeutlug the f«c_rnl -government, such as would be provided by a com mission on couclliatlou aud arbitration, would tend to create an atmosphere of frteud llucss aud conciliation between con tending parties. Csslrsl •( ('urtwrallom. It csunot too ofteu lie repealed that experleuiv liiis conclusively shown the lui|H>HMlt>llltv of securing by the uctlons of nearly half a hundred illffereut state legislatures anything hut lueffeetlve chaos lu the way of dealing with the great corporations which lo not oper ate exclusively within the limits of any oue state, iu sotue method, wheth er by a national license law or In other fashion, we must exercise, and that at an early date, a far more complete control than at preseut over these great eorporattons—a cjutrol that will, among other things, imrvent the evlla of ex cessive overcapitalisation and that will compel the disclosure by each big cor poration of its stockholders and of Ita pro|>ert hnsl own ed directly or through subsldlalw or affiliated cor|stratum*. This will to put a stop to the securing of Inor dinate profits by favored Individuals at the ex|Hiuse whether of the general public, the stockholders or the wuge workers. Our effort should be not so much to prevent consolidation as such, but so to supervise and control It as to see that It results lu no harm to the people. Combination of capital, like combina tion of lalior, la a necessary element of our present Industrial system. It la not possible completely to prevent it. aud If It were possible such complete prevention would do damage to the body politic. What we need la uot vainly to try to prevent oil combina tion, but to secure such rigorous aud udequate control aud supervision of the combinations as to preveut their injuring the public or existing In such form as luevitably to threaten lujury, for the mere fact that a cimbluutloii has securod practically complete con trol of a necessary of life would under any circumstances show that such combination was to las presumed to be adverse to the public Interest. It Is uufortunate I thut our present luwa should fertile all CJinbluatloua lustead of sharply | discriminating between those cuuililul lions which do good und those combinations which do evil, lte bates, for Instance, are us ofteu due to the pressure of big shippers (us waif shown In the Investigation of tho Standard Oil company and as bus becu shown since by the Investigation of the tolwicco and sugar trusts) as to the Initiative of big railroads. Ofteu rail roads would like to combine for the purpose of preventing a bin suippei from uiaiutnming Improper advautugea nt the expense of small shippers and of the general public. Much a combina tion, lusteailof being forbidden by law, should lie favored. In other words, It should be to railroads to make agreemeuta, provided these agree ments were sanctioned by the Inter state commerce commission and were published. With these two conditions complied with It Is Impossible to see what harm such a combination could do to the public ut largo. laherltaaeo and ls«ia Tas. The national government has long derived its chief revenue from a tariff on Imports and from an Internal or ex else tax. In addition to these, there Is every reason why, when uext our sys tem of taxation Is revised, the nutioual government should Impose a graduated Inheritance tax and. If possible, a grad uated Income tax. 1 am well aware that such a subject as this needs long and careful study In order that the people may Iwoiue fa miliar with what Is proposed to be done, may clearly see tho necessity of proceeding with wisdom and self re straint and may make up their minds Just how far tliey are willing to go lu the mutter, while only trained legisla tors can work out the project In neces sary detail. But I feel that lu the near future our national legislators should enact a law providing for a graduated Inheritance tax by which 11 steadily In creasing rate of duty should be put upon all moneys or other valuables coming by gift, bequest or devise to any Individual or corporation. There can lie no question of the ethical pro priety of the government thus deter mining tiie conditions upou which any gift or inlierltauce should be received. As the law npw stands It Is undoubt edly difficult to devise a national In come tax which shsll be constitutional. But whether It Is absolutely Impossible Is another question, aud If possible It Is most certainly desirable. The first purely Income tax luw was passed by the congress In 1801, but the most Im portant law dealing with the subject was that of 1804. This the court held to be unconstitutional The questlou Is undoubtedly very In tricate, delicate aud troublesome. The decision of the court was only reuched by one majority. It Is the law of the land aud of course Is accepted as such and loyally obeyed by all good cltliena. Nevertheless the hesitation evidently felt by the court as a whole in coming to a conclusion, wheu considered to gether with previous decisions on the subject, msy perhaps indicate the poe slbility of devising a constitutional In-, come tax law which shall substantially accompliab the results aimed at. The difficulty of amending the constitution la so great that only real necessity can Justify • report thereto. Every effort should be made in dealing with this subject, as with the subject of the proper control by the national govern ment over the use Qf con 10 rate wealth In interstate business, to devise legis lation which without such action shall attain the desired end, but If thle falls there will ultimately he no alternative to a constitutional amendment. la4aotrlal Tralala*. Oar Industrial development depends largely upon technical education, la- eluding In this term all Industrial edu cation, from that which fits a man to be a good mechanic, a good eurpeiiter or blacksmith to that which fits u uiau to do tho greatest feat. The skilled mechanic, tlje skilled work man. can best become such by tech nical Industrial education. The far reaching usefulness of institutes of technology und schools',of mines or of engineering Is now tnlversully ac knowledged, and no lei* far reaching is the effect of a good building or me chanical trades school a textile or watchmnkliig or engrawig school. Iu every possible wanwe should help the wageworker who (tolls with hi* hands and who must hve hope In • constantly luereuatug measure! also toll with Ills brain UntlT tho constitu tion the national legislature can do but little of direct Importable for his wel fare save where he. Is Unfilled In work which permits It to act under the In terstate commerce clause of the consti tution; and this Is onp reason why I so earnestly hope that Isitli the legis lative and Judicial lira»Acs of the gov. ernuicnt will construe this clause of the constitution In the broadest possi ble manner. Thr Ksnsrr. The only other pcrstns whose wel fure Is us vital to( the welfare of the whole country as IsHhi welfare of the wageworkers are the tilers of the soil, the farmers. Several factors must co-operate In the Improvement of thi> farmer's con dition. He must hnv«j the chance to be educated 111 the Widest |Hisslble sense. In the sense whl«h keeps ever In view tbe Intimate relationship between the theory of educatloa and the facts of life. Organlr.ut 111 hus become necessary In the business world, and It hns ac complished much for gosl 111 the world of lalior. It Is no les» necessary for farmers. Such a movement ns tho grange movement Is goisl lu Itself and Is capable of a well nigh Infinite fur ther extension for gmsl so long as It Is kept to Its. own legitimate business. The benefits to be derived by the u»- soclutlon of farmers for mutual ad vantage are partly economic and part ly sociological. Irrigation and Korea! Preservation. Much Is now lielng done for the states of the Rocky mountains and great plains through the development of the national policy of Irrigation and forest preservation. No government policy for the betterment of our Inter nal conditions hus been more fruitful of good than this. Illvarre Lrslilnllan. I am well aware of how difficult It Is to puns a eoußt' ,n,, a ,v *' amendment. Nevertheless, lu my Judgment, the whole question of marriage and di vorce should la? relegated to the au thority of the national congress. The change would be good from every Btaml|a>lnt. In particular It would la good because It would confer on tho congress the power at once to deal radically und efficiently with polygamy, and this should lie done whether or not marriage aud divorce ure dcult with. It Is neither safe nor proiier to leuve the question of polygamy to be dcult with by tho several states. Merchant Marine, Let me once again call the attention of the congress to two subjects con cerning which I have frequently be 'fore communicated with them. One la the question of developing American shipping. 1 trust that a law embody ing In substance tbe views or a major part of the views exptPssed in the re port on this subject laid before the house nt Its last session will lie passed. It seems to me that tlie proposed meas ure Is us nearly unobjectionable as uuy can lie. The rarresi j. I especially call your attention to the second subject, the condition of our currency laws. The national bank act has ably served a great purpose in aid ing the enormous business develop ment of the country, and within ten years there has been an Increase In circulation per capita from tf'Jl il to 138.08. For several years evidence has been accumulating that additional leg ' Islutlon Is needed. The recurrence of each crop season emphasizes the dc focts of the present laws. There must soou be 11 revision of them, because to leave Ihem as they are menus to In cur liability of business disaster. Since your body adjourned there hus been a fitict nut lon In the Interest on call money from 2 per cent to IK) per cent, and the fluctuation was even greater during the preceding six months. The secretary of the treasury hud to step In and by wise nctlon put 11 stop to the most violent period of oscillation. 1 do not press any especial plan. Va rious plans luivc recently been pro posed by expert committees of hank ers. Among the plans which are possi bly feasible aud which certainly should receive your consideration Is thut re peatedly brought to your attention by the preseut secretary of the treasury, the essential features of which have been approved by many prominent bunkers and business men. According to this plan, luitkiuul banks should lie permitted to issue u s|H>dlted propor tion of their capital In Dotes of n given kind, tbe l*»ue to lie taxed at so high ■ rate as to drive the notes back when not wanted lu legitimate trade. This plan would not iiernilt the Issue of .currency'to give banks additional prof- Its, but to meet the emergency present ed by times of stringency. I do not say that this la the right aya tem. 1 only advance It to emphasize my liellef that there la need for tho adoptl6ll of some system which shall be automatic aud o)ieii to all sound banks so as to avoid all possibility of discrimination and favoritism. ThA law should lie amended so as specifically to provide thut the funds | . derived from customs duties may be treated by the secretary of the treas- nry as Be tr. ats funds obtained under the luternal revenue laws. There should be a considerable Increase in bills of small deuoinluatlons. IVrtnla-l slon should lie given hanks. If necessa ry under settled restrictions, to retire their circulation to u luiger amount thun three trillions a month. Oar Oatlrlna Poueasloss. I most earnestly hope that the bill to provide a lower tariff for or else abso lute free trade lu I'hlllpplue products will become n law. No harm will come to any American industry, hiiJ, while there will la? s line small but real mate rial benefit to the Filipinos, the main benefit wlil come by (lie showing made as to our pui'itose to do all lu our power for their welfare. Porto Rlraa Affairs. American cltlscnahlp should be con ferred on the cltlseus of Porto Rico. Tbe harbor of Han Juan, In Torto Rico, should be dredged anHmprov»*l. Tho expenses of the federal court of Porto Rico should be met from the federal treasury. Hawaii. The needs of Hawaii ure peculiar. Every aid should he given the Islands, and our efforts should be unceasing to develop them ulong the Illicit of a com munity of small freeholders, not of great plunters with cooly tilled es tates. Alaska. Alaska's needs have been partially met. but there must be a complete re organization of the governmental sys tem, as 1 have before Indicated to you. I ask your esiieclul attentlou to this. Our fellow citizens who dwell on the shores of l'uget sound with character istic energy ure iirruiiglug to hold In Seattle the Alaska Yukou-I'aelfic ex position. This exposition In Ita pur poses and scope should appeal uot only to the people of the Pacific Nlope. but to the people of the United Htates ut large. Hlahla of Aliens. Not only must we treat all nations fairly, but we must treat with Justice and good will all Immigrants who come liere under the luw. Whether they are Catholic or l'rotestant. Jew or gentile, whether they conic from Kngloiid or Germany, Russia, Japan or Italy, mut ters nothing. All we have a right to question Is the iiiuu's conduct. If be Is houcst and upright in his dealings with his neighbor und with the state, then he Is entitled to respect und good treatment. Especially do we need to remember our duty to tlie strauger within our gates. It Is the sure mark of a low civilisation, u low morality, to abuse or discriminate against or lu uuy way humiliate such stranger who bus come here lawfully nnd who Is cou ilimHiik himself |>rii|mriy. To romom lier this Is Incumbent ou every Amer ican citizen, und It Is of course pecul iarly Incumbent on every government official, whether of the nation or of the several states. I am prompted to hii.v this by the attitude of hostility here und there as sumed toward the Japanese In tlili country. This hostility I.- sporadic nnd la limited to a very few places. Never theless It Is most discreditable to us ns a people. )iml It may lie fraught with the gravest consequences to the nut lon. 1 nsk fait* treatment for the Japanese as I would nsk fair treatment for Ger mans or Englishmen, Frenchmen. Rus sians or 11ii liiuiM. I nsk it as due to humanity nnd civilisation. 1 ask it as due to ourselves, because we must act uprightly toward all men. I recom mend to the congresH thai 1111 act lie passed specifically providing for the naturalization of Japanese who come here Intending to become American cit izens. Oue of the great embarrass nicnts attending the performance, of our international obligations is the fact that the statutes of the United Htates are entirely luiulequute. They fall to give to the national government sufficiently ample power, through Unit ed States courts und by the use of the army und navy, to protect aliens In the rights secured to them under solemn treaties which are the law of the land. I therefore earnestly recommend thut the criminal aud civil statues of the United States he so amended niul add ed to as to enable the president, acting for the United States government, which Is responsible In our Interna tional relations, to enforce the rights of aliens under treaties. The Cuban Matter. Last August an Insurrection broke out In Cuba which It speedily grew evi dent that the existing Cuhun govern nient was powerless to quell. Thiiuks to the preparedness of our navy, I was able Immediately to send enough ships to Cuba to preveut the situation from becoming hopeless, and I fur thermore dispatched to Cuba tbe sec retary of war and the assistant secre tary of state In order that they might grapple with the nltuatlou on the ground. In accordance with the so called Piatt amendment, which was embod ied In the constitution of Cuba, I there upon proclulined a provisional Kovern meut for the Island, the secretary of war acting us provisional governor un til he could ba replnced by Mr. Magooti, tbe Inte mlrister to Panama nnd gov ernor of the canal cone on the Isthmus Troops were sent to support tlivm and to relieve the navy, the expedition be ing handled with most satisfactory sliced und efficiency. Peace haa come In tbe Island, and the harvesting of the sugar cane crop, the great crop of the island, Is about to proceed. When tbe election tins been held and the new government Inaugurated In peaceful nnd orderly fashion the provisional government will come to an end. The United States wishes nothing of Cuba except that It shall prosper mor ally nnd materially nud wishes nothing of the Cubans save that they shall be nble to preserve order among tbem lelves and therefore to preserve their Independence. If the election* become a farce and If the Insurrectlonsry habit become* coutlrnicd 011 the Island It la abaolutely out of the question that the Island should continue Independent, aud the United State*, which haa as sumed the aponsorshlp before the civ ilised world for Cuba's career as a na tion, would again have to lutervene aud to lee tlint the government was managed In such orderly fashion aa to secure the safety of life and property. The Rio CoatareaM. The second International conference of American republics, held In Mexi co In the years IHOIO2, provided for the holding of the third conference within Ave years and committed the fixing of the time aud place and the arrangement* for the conference to ths governing board of.the bureau of American republics, composed of the re]>re«eututlvea of all the American nations In Wsihlfttan. That honed disc burned ths duty Imposed upon It with marked fidelity und pains taking care, snd upon the courteous lnrltutlon of the L'ulted States of Bra sll the conference was held at Hlo de Janeiro, continuing from the 23d of July to the 2Wth of August last. Many subjects of common Interest all tho American nations were discussed by the conference, and the conclusions reached, embodied In a series of reso lutions snd proposed conveutlona, will be laid before you upou the uomlug of the final report of the American dele gate*. PSSMS Trip, I have Juat returned from a trip to Panama and shall report to you at length later on the whole subject of the Panama canal. The AlfMlm (oav.ntlaa. The Algeclras convention, which was signed by the l'ulted States as well as by most of the .powers of Kurope, su persedes the previous convention of IHHO, which was also signed both by the l'ulted States and a majority of the Kuroiiean powers. This treaty confers upon us equal commercial rights with all Europeuu countries aud does not entail a single obligation of any klud npon us, snd I earnestly bops It may lie speedily ratlQed. ■•alias. The destruction of the Prlbllof Is land fur seals by pelagic Seiiliug still continues. The herd, which, uccordlng to the survey made In 1874 by direc tion of the congress, numbered 4,700,- 000, and which, according to the sur vey of both American aud Canadian commissioners In IMUI, amounted to 1,000,000, bus now been reduced to nliout 180,000. This result has tieen brought about by Canadian and some other sealing vessels killing the female Ken I* while lu the water during their nnnuul pilgrimage to and from the south or lu aeurcli of food. The process of deatruction has beeu accelerated during recent years liy the ap|H>nr«nce of a number of Japanese vessels engaged 111 pelagic geullng. Suitable representations regarding the lucldent .have Iteen made to the government of Japan, and we are as sured that all practicable measures will lie taken by that country to prevent any recurrence of the outrage. We have not relaxed our efforts to secure an agreement with Great Brit ain for adeipiute protection of the seal herd, aud negotiations with Jupun for the same purpose ure lu progress. The laws for the protection of tho seals within the Jurisdiction of the I7ulted Stales need revision and amendment. •rtoai Maine Conference. 11l my last messuge 1 advised you that the emperor of ltussla hud taken the Initiative In bringing about a sec ond peace conference at The Hague. Under the guidance of Itussiu the ar rangement of the preliminaries for such a conference bus been progressing during the past yeur. Progress has necessarily been slow, owing to the great number of countries to be con sulted upou every question tbut has nrisen. It la a matter of satlnfaction that all of the American republics have now, for the first time, been Invited to Join lu the promised conference. Arnj and Navy. It must ever be kept In mind that war is not merely Justifiable, but Im perative upon honorable men, upon an honorable nation, where peace cau only be obtained by the sacrifice of conscientious conviction or of national welfare. The United States navy Is the surest guarantor of peace which this country poaseßses. I do not ask that we con tinue to Increase our navy. I ask merely that It be maintained at Its present strength, aud tills cau be done only If we replace the obsolete und out worn ships by new and good ou>' ( ', tho equals of any oMoat in any navy. To atop building ships for on« year nlellfis that for tbut year the unty goo* back Instead of forward. In loth the army and the navy there Is urgent need that everything possible ■bould lie done to maintain the hlghe standard for the personnel ullke us re gards the officers and the eulisted men. I do not believe that lu auy service tbere Is a finer body of enlisted meu and of Junior offlcern than we have in both the army aud the nuvy, Including the marine corps. West I'olut snd Annapolis already turn out excellent officers. We do not need to have these schools made more scholastic. On the coutrury, we should never lose sight of the fact tbut the aim of each school Is to turn out a mau who shall be above everything else a lighting mau. There should soon be an Increase In the number of men for our coast de fenses. These men should be of the right type and properly trulned, aud there should therefore be an Increase of pay for certain skilled grades, espe cially In the coast artillery. Money should be *|iproprlated to permit troops to be massed In body aud exercised In maneuvers, particularly in marching. A DVERTISINQ Your money back.—Jadicious advertis ing ia the kind that pays back to jrou the money you invert. Space hi tfcia paper aaanret you prompt retarns . . WHOLE NO. 356 Professional Cards. HUGH B YOKK, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Office: JeffreM Drug Store. OKFICR HOURS: 8 to 10 A. u.; 7 to 9 r. u. Wiilinmxton, N. 0. Phone No, 7. Night Address: Atlantic Hotel. DR. J. A. WHITK. JSift DKNTIST OHHICK—MAIN STRKKT PHONR Q I will be in Plymouth the first week ia every other month. f. aTßh«tea.^ DRS. WARREN & RHODES, PHYSICIANS AND SURG HONS. OFFICII IN BIROS' JIRIIO STORK 'Phone No. 2q JNO. R. WOODARD. F. S. IIASSHI.T.. " WOODARD & HASSKLL ATTORN KYS-AT-I.AW Oflice-f- 2nd floor I'rrmers and Mer chants Bunk Buildiug. BURROUS A. CRITCHKR, ATTORNEY AT L,AW OlFice: Wheeler Martin's office. 'Phone, 23 WILUAMSTON. N. C. 5. ATW-OOD NEWELL LAWYER Office formerly occupied by J. !>. Bigg®. Phone No. 77. TILLIAMSTON. N C. 6*-P1 actlce whrrevcr m rviced are dedired atteution given to eianiiuiug and niak UK iitlc for puichaneid of timber aud timber land* Special dttention will l>e given to real edtate exchange*. It you wish to buy or dell laud 1 Cdu helpyou- —mi PMONK4# F. 1). WINSTON S. J. F.VKRBTT WINSTON & EVERETT . ATTOR N HYS-AT- LAW WILUAMSTON, N. C. 'Phone 31 Money to loan. A. R. DUNNING ATTORNKY-AT LAW ROBKRSONVILLW, N. C. BBULAH I). C. MOORING, Proprietor ROHKRSONVILLE, N. C. Rates f,i.00 per day A Firs'-Clnss Hotel in Kvery Partic ular. The traveling public will find It a most convenient place to stop. F™V W , f" ia V"V ,l|| l ,, ""V "f"'"lT"' I. STRAW NO. 12 "Straws show which way the * ( wind blows." i L Flight reasons for patronizing r hwal insurance agents. I "l. vou can get the liest policy . obtainable at conservative cost. - , f a. The home agent stands as a medium between the insured and i t the Company. 3. You do not get one kind of |» policy aud thiuk you you are get- 6 ting another. - 4. The IOIIK distance transient • insurance agent agent, expecting i L never to see you again sometimes , F pumps hot air. F 5. In caße of misunderstand- d hip vou have someone to tell your f troubles to. r 6 You keep a small part of L your money circulating in \Vil- r lianiston instead of sending it to t Oreenville, Scotland Neck, Tar- L lioro, Raleigh, New York Bally- 4 f hack. j F* 7, You do becan»e you want to. a K. You get Insurance that In- i E sures. , B. T. COWPER Life, Fire, Accident. . 'Phone No. 7 L Farmers anil Merchants B'k B'ld'g i j| mlrY * *■ * a SKEWARKEE JL L 0^ E yJjkr No. 90, A. P. aA. M. /N^A DIRECTORY FOR 1906. II W. Stubbs, M. \V.; W. C. Manning, S. W.; S. S. Brown, J. W.; A. F. Taylor, S. 1).; W. S. Peel, J. I).; S. R. Bigga, Secretary; C I). Carstarphen, Treasurer; 11. C. TaVloi and J. I). Bowen, Stewards; T. \V. Thomas, Tyler. STANDING COMMITTERS: CHARITY— II. W. Stubba, W. C. Man ning and S. S. Brown, FINANCE—R. J. Peel, McG. Taylor and Kli Gurganus. RKKKRRNCR—W. 11. Edwards, 11. D. Taylor aud W..M. Green. ASVU'M—G. W, Blount, O. K. CpW iny and F. K. Ho en. f MARSHALL. —1. 11. Hattoa.