If you want to reach the
people of the Piedmont sec
tion put your ads in THE'
GRIT.
I mm
OW ITT
GRIT
Largest circulation of any
paper in the county. Excel
lent Advertising Medium.
ISAAC S. LONDON, Proprietor
A FAMILY NEWS APER FOB THE UPLIFT OF, CHATHAM COUNTY
$1.00 A YEAR.
VOL. VII.
SILER CITY, N. C, OCTOBER 27, 1915.
NO. 24.
COMBINATION TO
CIV PflTTfU DDIPCC
IAUUI IUI1 1 illULU
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
TO INVESTIGATE COMPLAINT.
FROM SOUTH.
BUYERS DIVIDE TERRITORY
North and South Carolina and Georgia
Have Complained and Will Be
Investigated.
Washington- Special agents" of the
Federal Trade Commission nave be
gun an investigation of charges that
cotton buyers in North and South
. arolina and Georgia have combined
to keep down prices to producers.
The complaints alleged that large pur
chasers of cotton in the states named
have combined to divide territory In
such a way as to allow the practically
to fix the price to the grower. Com
missioner W. J. Harris, who received
the complaints, recommended a thor
ough investigation which was ordered
by the commission.
Members of the commission said
that If the allegations of the com
plaints were substantiated, the com
bination would constitute a restraint
of trade, and the commission would
be authorized to proceed - under the
anti-trust law. That would mean in
etitution of the first suit of the kind
brought through the commission since
its creation.
Agents of both the economic and
legal divisions of the commission will
conduct the investigation. The trade
commission . issued the following
statement :'
"The Federal Trade Commission
lhas ordered an immediate investiga
tion to determine whether there is a
combination upon the part of cotton
buyers of South Carolina, North Caro-
olina, and Georgia to hold down the
price of cotton. This Investigation
baa been undertaken at the instance
of Commissioner W. J. Harris to Whose
attention complaints have come that
such a combination does exist result-
ting in his submission of the matter
to the commission.
"This information is to the effect
that for years past in the three states
in question and more particularly in
thv two Carclinas there have been
varying prices for cotton, often tills
difference amounting to one-half cent
a pound in two points not more 'Chan
20 miles distant from each other.
"This difference In price, it ie al
leged in complaints which have
reached the commission, seems to be
the sole result of tlhe workings of
this combination. For instance, it is
cited, many cities and towns havi
practically no live markets due to th
fact that divisions of territory for
buying purposes are made, one terri
tory belonging to one buyer, another
territory to another.
"These alleged practices are eald to
be confined to certain places, indi
cated in the complaint, to a greater
extent, possibly, than to other points
within the state specified."
FAIRBANKS WARNS
AGAINST INVASION
FORMER VICE PRE8IDENT SAYS
COMMERCIAL INVASION MOST
FEARED.
ESTABLISH AMPLE CREDIT
Even More Unprepared For Commer
cial Invasion Than a MMitary In
vasion He Says.
Louisville, Ky. Warning that the
United States should prepare for a
commercial invasion" as well as for
a military invasion, was voiced by
Charles Warren Fairbanks, former
V4c President, in an address deliver
ed at a political meeting here.
"The present proseprity of certain
Industries based on war orders is in
herently temporary," he said. "With
in the period of the next administra
tion, our own national life and the
markets of the world will be profound
ly affected by the great conflict raging
aboard. We must meet that with a
constructive pro-American program
which consists of:
"First, the restoration of the pro
tective tariff; second, adequate pre
paredness for national defense; third,
the restoration of the American flag
to the oceans; fourth, organization to
market our wares in the world mar
kets. "We must not only have our own
ships,- we must establish ample bank
ing facilities at strategic points in both
Hemisphere sto effect cerdits mare and
more through our own agencies and
to extend credits. We must send
young men to the different countries to
learn the language of the people, to
learn their wants, whims ana pre
judices. If we are to win new trade,
we must do business as others desire
rather than to try and force upon
them our methods."
After the war, Mr. Fairbanks said,
only one rich neutral market in the
world wdH present itself, America.
"To our shores will roll a tide of
commercial Invasion which will be
paralysing under a tree trade or a
traiff for revenue only," he said.
"We are now even more unprepared
to resist commercial than military in
vasion. The weapon of cheapness,
wielded by our Impoverished com
mercial rivals, w4H be irrestlstible."
F ANOTHER MYSTERY 1
It
(Copyright.) '
PLEAD FOR LIFE OF
MISS EDITH GMELL
WHITLOCK TELL3 OF TRIAL AND
FINAL INTERCESSION FOR
WOMEN.
AIDED SOLDIERS TO ESCAPE
ENDORSE DEFENSE BILL
l ETTERS COME FROM EMPLOY
ERS WHO ARE WILLING TO
A8SIST PLAN.
ROBBERS FORFEIT LIVES
Although Men Would Be Required to
Actually Serve One or Two
Months in Each Year.
TEN BANDITS ARE KILLED BY
CITIZENS WHO HUNT FOR
MORE.
TO SERBIAN FRONT.
LARGEST SUFFRAGE PARADE.
Thirty Thousand Ladles in Line on
Fifth Avenue, New York.
New York. Fifth avenue for four
hours was given over to the largest
woman's suffrage parade ever wit
nessed anywhere. It was the women's
appeal to place New York at the elec
tion on November 2 among the states
which have given women the right to
votf.
Partioi;Ued in by women from
every stau- in the union and from
more than 20 foreign countries, by
women from every phase of business
professional, educational, artistic and
official life, the parade extended from
Washington Square to Central Park,
and although it began shortly after
3 o'clock, it was long after dark when
tho last marchers had finished.
Suffrage leaders estimated that 30,
000 women were in line. ' In addition,
thpre were 5,000 men representing,
the leaders said, only about .half of
the- men who had signed pledges that
they would participate.
New Export Trade Plan.
Washington Plan3 for handling
'xport trade of the United States
through a trust company, cooperating
with the Federal government, in order
to avoid Interference with cargoes,
were announced by Secretary Red-
i nf the department of commerce,
fir
after a conference with Assistant Sec
retary Peters of the treasury depart
ment, Assistant Secretary Vrooman of
the department of agriculture and a
number of exporters trustees of the
company.
Foreign Trade Convention.
New York. James A. Farrell, presi
dont of the United States Steel Cor
poration, and chairman of the Nation
al Foreign Trade Council, issued a
call to "business men to attend the
third national foreign trade conven
tion at New Orleans, January 27-29. He
said that "commercial preparedness"
will be the slogan of the convention,
the main object of which Is to discusa
and formulate plans by which Ameri
can business men will be able to meet
the keen competition that is sure to
follow the war.
Troops March to Eagle Pass-
Eagle Pass. Five thousand Carran
za troops arrived in Piedras Negras
en route to reinforce the Carranza gar
rison at Augua Prleta, Sonora, which
is facing an attack by General Villa,
By arrangements with the United
States government these troops will be
permitted to cross the American bqr
der at Eagle Pass and proceed
through United Sftalkjs territory (to
Douglas, Ariz., whence they will again
enter Mexico. All arms, ammunition
and supplies will be transported in
Dor can sealed In Plsdraa Nr.
American Military Attache at Berlin
Will Go to Belgrade.
Berlin. Lieut. Col. Joseph E. Kuhn,
military attache of the American em
bassy here, has gone to the Serbian
fntot in company with the military
attaches of the other neutral countries
stationed in Berlin. The officers will
make their headquarters tn Belgrade,
from which city trips to the various
fronts will be made.
Lieut. Col. Kuhn has Just returned
from a two months' stay at the West
ern grand headquarters where he was
presented to Emperor William last
Sunday. The .Emperor chatted with
the American officer for 10 minutes
and ertocd particular Interest when
he learned that Ldeut. Coi. Kuhn be
longed to the engineer division of the
American Army.
Washington. Endorsements of the
administration's plan to create a great
continental army for defense are be
ginning to reach Washington from
large employing firms' and corpora
tions. It was learned that approving
letters had been received from several
such concerns, and at least one had
expressed willingness to grant its
men leave on full pay for service in
the proposed organization.
Enlistments in- the continental
aimy as contemplated in Secretary
Garrison's program would be for six
years, but the men actually would be
required to serve but two months a
year for the first three years during
which, time they would undergo in
tensive military training in field
camps. Officials realize that the suc
cess of the scheme depends to a con
siderable extent upon co-operation
with the government by the employ
ers of the country's jng men.
One of the companies heard from
wrote that it gladly would grant leave
with pay to any of Its men desiring
to enlist, not only for reasons of pa
triotism but because it was regarded
a sa good business proposition to
permit the men to take advantage
of a- opportunity to spend two
months in vigorous camp life with
military training.
Austrian Killed Englishman.
Denver, Col. Race hatred stirred
up by the European war and resulting
In murder led to the arrest here of
George Flaragrady, an Austrian, on
charge of killing George Gray, an
Englishman. Both men were employ
ed in a railroad machine shop. The
police say that taaragrady, upon
learning that his brother had been
killed by the Allies In Europe became
so enraged that he pushed Gray into
powerful drill press where the
Englishman was crushed to death.
EMBARGO ON MUNITIONS.
Diaz Joins Zapata.
El Paso, Tex. A message said to
have been received in Juares Is quot
ed as stating that Felix Diaz has
joined the Zapata forces and is now
at the head of 40,000 men with whom
he Is menacing Mexico City. Receipt
of the message was reported from
two different sources.
Two Mexican Bandits Killed.
Brownsville, Texas. A detachment
of the Sixth Cavalry fired on and kill
ed two supposed Mexican bandits who
were crossing the Rio Grande at the
San Pedro Ranch, 12 miles up the
river from Brownsville. Both were
armed. The bodies were not recov
ered. Lieut. T. R. Van Natta of Troop
L, Sixth Cavalry, was In command of
the detachment. Two Mexicans are
held by the sheriff's department here
under suspicion of being implicated In
the train wreck.
No Shipment of Arms to Mexicans
Except Carranza, Says Wilson.
Washington. President Wilson is
sued simultaneously a proclamation
establishing an embargo on the ship
ments of arms and ammunition to
(Mexico and an order excepting from
the prohibition the recognized de
facto government of which General
Carranza is Chief Executive.
The proclamation makes it clear
that the United States intends that
no forces opposed to the recognized
government in Mexico, particularly
those of General Villa, shall obtain
war munitions from this country.
In enforcing the embargo, the
treasury will have the co-operation of
the departments of state, war and
justice. Orders will be telegraphed
to customs officials along the border
and on both coasts of the United
States. Consular officers, agents of
the department of justice and United
States illstriot attorneys on the; bor
der have been advised, and Instruc
tions to co-operate probably will go to
Major General Funeton as soon as the
state department informs Secretary
Garrison just what the army Is to do.
With the announcement that the
Villa agency here would be closed,
ft became known that the consulates
established by the Villa faction In
New York and other cities would
probably be discontinued.
Passenger Train Is Derailed by Seventy-Five
Mexicans Who Shot
and Robbed Passengers.
Brownsville, Tex. Ten Mexicans
paid their lives for alleged complicity
in the wrecking of a St Louis,
Brownsville & Mexico passenger train
on the outskirts of Brownsville, the
killing of three Americans and the
wounding of four others. Peace offi
cers said they had clues to other
Mexicans connected with the roboers.
No secret was made that more would
be killed if civilians posses catch
them.
Several hundred civilians, county
peace officers and United States
troops continued in pursuit of otLer
members of the band.
After wrecking the train the out
laws, said to number about 75 men,
fired on the , passengers and robbed
them of their money and valuables
Toa passengers killed were:
Corporal McBee, Third United
States Cavalry; shot.
Engineer H. H. Kendall, pinned
beneath engine.
The injured were: Harry J. Wallis,
Brownsville, shot In arm; R. Wood
hall, fireman, scalded and bruised
Claude J. Brishear, Troop A, Sixth
Cavalry, shot in the jaw; C. H. Lay,
Troop D. Third Cavalry, shot in neck
and leg.
Only meager reports of the killing
of the Mexicans were available. One
of the men was a passenger aboard
the train and he is said to have re
vealed the hiding place of Dr. E. S.
McCain. When the physl6ian refus
ed to leave the compartment In which
he had taken refuge the bandits open
ed fire through the door, mortally
wounding him. Sheriff Vann denied
that the Mexican was killed, but it de
veloped later that he was shot to
death after the sheriff left the scene
of the wreck. Four other Mexicans
were hanged to trees
Wat Not Accused of Serious Charges-
Germans Ignore Request From
-Whitlock For Councei.
Lkm-The fuJl report of the cir
cumstances of the condem nation and
execution of Miss Edith Cave, an
English woman and head of a train-.
Ing school is Brussels for helping Eng
lish, French and Belgian soldiers to
escape from Belgium, made by Brand
Whitlock, the American Minister at
Brussels, to Walter H. Page, the Am
erican Ambassador at London, was is
sued by the British government.
How the secretary of the American
Legation, Hugh s. Gibson, sought the
German governor, von Der Lancken,
late at night before the execution apd,
with the Spanish Minister, pleaded
with the governor and the German of
ficers for the English woman's life is
graphically related In a memorandum
from Mr. Gibson. This document re
fers to the German authorities' ap
parent lack of good faith in failing
to keep their promises to inform the
American Minister fully of the trial
and sentence.
Minister Whitlock telegraphed to
Ambassador Page on the twelfth:
Miss Cavell sentenced yesterday
and executed at 2 o'clock this morn
ing, despite out best efforts contin
ued until the last moment."
Mr. Whitlock's final appeal was in
the form of a note sent by a messen
ger late on the night of the elev
enth to Governor von Der Lancken,
the translation of which reads as
follows :
"My dear Baron: I am too sick
to present my request myself, but I
appeal to your generosity of heart to
support it and save from death this
unhappy woman. Have pity on her.
"Yours truly,
"BRAND WHITLOCK."
Mr. Whitlock also stated that Miss
Cavell had nursed German soldiers.
Mr. Deleval, Counselor of the Am
erican Legation, reported to Minister
Whitlock:
"This morning Mr. Gahan, an Eng
lish clergyman, told me that he had
seen Miss Cavell in her cell yester
day night at 10 o'clock and that he
had given her Holy Communion and
had found her admirably strong and
calm.
"I asked Mr. Gahan whether she
had made any remarks about any
thing concerning the legal side of her
case, and whether the confession
which she made before trial and in
court was In his opinion perfectly
free and sincere. Mr. Gahan told me
she was perfectly well and knew
what she had done; that, according
to the law, of course she was guilty
and admitted her guilt, but that she
was happy to die for her country."
PROPER SELECTION OF FOOD FOR DUCKS
i - . . I, .n . ...
iiwwiwuiMBiiMMiiMi miri mm n " " IW"WWI'
Just Ducks.
(By GEORGE E. HOWARD, United
State Denartment of Aericulture.
The food of the duck Is both vege
table and animal in nature. In the
wild state it gathers its food from
brooks and marshes, consisting of flag,
grasses, small fishes, water insects,
etc. When the birds are raised in con
finement this diet must, in a measure,
be imitated lo get the most satisfac
tory results. The duck has no crop.
the food passing directly from the
throat to the gizzard, and as a conse
quence the food must be in a soft
mushy state. Too much bard food,
such as grain, does not agree with
these birds and they cannot thrive
on it". While some raisers use a
small allowance of grain others do
not, and It Las not been proved to
be of any advantage to feed it. Soft
food is their natural diet, together with
grasses, vegetables and animal food.
The proper selection of the food is ex
tremely important to secure the rapid
growth of the duck, and the Ingredi
ents of the food must be such as will
afford a well-balanced and substan
tial ration. As a whole, It may be
said that the rations used by the
largest duck raisers are essentially
the same, differing only in the quan
titles used in, the mixing. Investiga
tions show the real value of the food
to be the same for producing rapid
growth and early development. The
duckling grows twice as rapidly and
is a much heavier eater than the chick
and to produce the best results its
food must be such as will be easily
assimilated. The various methods of
feeding given in this article are rec
ommended for raising ducks success
fully.
It costs from 6 to 12 cents a pound
to raise a duck for market at ten
weeks of age. It costs from $1.75 to
imA firm
PROPER CARE OF THE UDDER
$2.50 each to keep breeding ducks a
year.
The three different methods of feed
ing ducks are as follows: (1) Feed
ing ducks for market (ten weeks old) ;
(2) feeding young ducks to be kept
as breeders; (3) feeding old ducks.
The first method, for the sake of con
venience and to explain more fully the
composition of the rations, is subdi
vided into four parts, as follows:
(1) From time of hatching to five
days old provide the following mix
ture: Cracker or bread crumbs and
cornmeal, equal parts by measure;
hard-boiled eggs, 15 per cent of the
total bulk of crackers and meal; sand.
5 per cent of the total of crackers and
meal. Mix with water or milk, and
feed four times a day.
(2) From five to twenty days old.
the following mixture: Wheat bran,
two parts by measure; cornmeal, one
part; rolled roats, 50 per cent of this
bulk; beef scraps, 5 per cent; sand, 5
per cent; green food, 10 per cent. Mix
with water to a dry crumbly state and
feed four times a day. ,
(3) From twenty to forty-two days
old, the following mixture: Wheat
bran, two parts by measure ; cornmeal,
one part; beef scraps, 5 per cent of
this bulk; sand, 5 per cent; green
food, 10 per cent Mix with water to
a dry crumbly state and feed four
times a day.
(4) From forty-two to seventy days
old, the following mixture: Cornmeal,
two parts by measure; wheat: bran
oae part; beef scraps, 10 per cent of
this bulk; coarse sand or grit, 5 per
cent; green food, 10 per cent Mix
with water to a dry crumbly state and
feed four times a day.
The hours for feeding are 6 a. m
10 a. m., and 6 p. m.
Cold Cement Floor, Bruising, Sudden
Chills, Etc., Are Some ot Exter
nal Causes of Trouble.
Many good cows are lost to a use
ful life on the dairy farm by the neg
lect of a little necessary care at a
critical time. This is particularly true
of heifers and extra heavy milkers.
Sometimes it is true of mediocre cows
that have been fed too stimulating
foods for a time . prior to freshening,
writes I. B. Henderson in Farm, Stock
and Home. Under normal conditions
the udder of the cow should not re
quire special attention, but the far
ther we get from natural conditions
and the more we incline to forced pro
duction the greater the likelihood of
trouble.
A cold cement floor, cold ground.
bruising of the udder, sudden chills,
etc., are some of the external causes
of udder trouble. The preventive rem
edies can be easily applied. But should
the udder become congested or in
flamed just before or after calving.
immediate steps should be taken to
effect a cure. Fomentations with hot
water several times a day, a gentle
massage with the fingers, and the ap
plication of warm lard will help to
alleviate the trouble. The rubbing
should be toward the milk veins so as
to get the blood away from the udder
If possible. A dram or two of salt
peter once or twice daily is also said
to assist. In very severe cases, of
Hcourse, the veterinary snouia oe
called, as it is poor economy to risk
the life of usefulness of a good pro
ducer. For mild cases of udder trouble
the average dairyman should be com
petent to treat and with a little obser
vation it should be possible to develop
a little skill in treating such troubles.
WOMEN LOOSE IN NEW JERSEY.
By
Approves Defense Plan.
Washington. Formal announce
ment of army plans in the national
defense program to ' be laid before
congress awaits word from President
Wilson that he has concluded his con
ference with congressional, leaders on
the subject. While the president has
approved the plan which calls for
building up an army of more than 1,
200,000 dn six years he has not yet
had an opportunity to discuss it with
all those members of the house and
senate whose views he wishes to obtain.
Italy Has Plenty of Cotton.
New York. American cotton valu
ed at aproximateiy $50,000,000, con
signed to Germany is In possession of
the Italian government, according to
J. W. Batch elor of ths .Liverpool Sal
vage Association, who arrived here on
the steamship Baltic from Liverpool.
Captain Batchelor said that he but re
cently came from Italy where he was
Lend Mexico $10,000,000.
New Orleans. New Orleans bank
ers announced that as a result of the
recognition of the Carranza govern
ment they closed contracts to lend
$10,000,000 in gold to the Mexican ad
ministration. It was also announced
that arrangements had been made to
handle the entire Mexican sisal crop
through New Orleans; that the sisal
operators of Yucatan and Oampeche
were to erect a million-dollar manufac
turing plant here for the purpose of
handling the raw product.
Explosion in French Factory.
Fans. Fixty-two persons are re
ported to have been killed in an ex
plosion in a munitions factory in the
Fue de Tollbiac, while one hundred or
more were Injured. Many of the vie
rims Were women workers In the fac
tory which was wrecked. President
Poincare and Minister of the Interior
Illvy which were informed of the dis
aster visited the scene and gave direc
tions to the rescuing forces. The
auto-truck was being loaded when
workmen accidentally dropped one
grenade causing the explosion.
May Put Embargo on Steel
New York. Great Britain may place
an embargo on the export of steer,
according to a cable received here by
The Iron Age. The message, dated
London, read: "Unconfirmed rumors
that the British government may place
an embargo on exports of steel for the
purpose of safeguarding the govern
ment's requirements." At the offices
ensasred in looking sitter this Cotton. I of fh TTniibed States Steel CorrwVraHon
-o, ""cuo "in 6iu , . ; - ; " r. . , . ' A 7 ... , tttv . ,i -, , aown tneir bocks nearly as cioseiy as ,
Mexico. All arms, ammunition evearl months, he eaMfc previous it was said nothing was known about worth to make repairs. She was tak- auxiliaries. Whether the shipping 8hould The chief reason for Growth Producer. Palnt the Hayrack,
upplles will be transported in to Allies. aM cotton the reported embargo. A similar en out of the dock and sank during bill will be the same as that advocat- m neglectIs doubtless that on the A good quality of beef' scrap Is a It to ritat the Wrack. Lun
irs seals In Pisdrai Nr.. consigned to Germany through Italy statement was made at Charles M. the night Her hull ii resting on the: ed by the administration during the general farn' bo aoooukt is kept rf the growth producer fr the developing iwm S Via.
udftitae4.;.;,,.,,, . , ScfewfttVc offices bottom of the EUaabctli Elver. mhIob tort fwd cofttuasd ,k tte poultry I chick.
i ...... ' ..... -"?.-L, . . " "" . . rf ...... , " ' " ".
Suffrage Amendment Defeated
More Than 50,000 Majority.
Jersey City, N. J. Indications bas
ed on unofficial returns shortly before
midnight were that woman suffrage
would be defeated In New Jersey by
from 50,000 to 6,000. A majority of
23,671 was. recorded on unofficial re
turns from 804 of the state's 1,891 dis
tricts, the vote beinsr 56.676 for sjid
80,347 against the amendment.
The' defeat of woman suffrage in
New Jersey was conceded by Mrs. E.
F. Feickect, president of the New
Jersey State Woman Suffrage Asso
ciation. Her admislvn was borne out
by unofficial early returns from every
section of the state which indicated
that the majority against suffrage was
decisive.
President Wilson's own precinct.
the seventh election district of
Princeton borough, voted against
suffrage by a majority of more than
2 to 1, the figures being: For 64,
against 150.
THREE AMERICANS KILLED.
Five Mexicans and One Japanese Also
Killed on Border.
Brownsville, Texas. Three Ameri
can soldiers, five Mexicans and one
Japanese were killed in a fight be
tween United States soldiers and Mex
ican bandits at Ojo de Agua. The
Japanese had apparently been shot in
the fight, tout there is nothing to in
dicate that he belonged to the raiders.
Eight American soldiers were wounded.
The Rio Grande was used by separ
ate 'hands of Mexican bandits to stop
pursuit ot American soldiers, most of
the bandits crossing into Mexico in
both instances. The first crossing was
in the retreat from the Ojo de Agua
fight, six miles up the river, and the
second about 30 miles up the river.
Capt Frank R. McCoy, of the
Third Cavalry, commanding the Mis
sion Patrol District, reported his be
lief that there were not more than
30 Mexicans in 1Bie party which at
tacked Ojo de Agua
RIGHT BREED FOR BEGINNER
Wetl-Established, Long-Bred and Pop
ular Varieties Are Best to Attain
Greatest Success.
New breeds of poultry are brought
out from time to time and with the
introduction of each the claims made
for their virtues over long-established
breeds is calculated to make any be
ginner feel that he must have the
new ones if he Is to attain the great
est success.
The fact of the matter is that the
new breeds are the ones that the be
ginner should usually keep away from.
They are yet in the making, in a
way, and require the skill of the ex
pert breeder to develop into practical,
true-to-type fowls.
It is with the well-established, long
bred and popular varieties that tha
beginner should generally start. The
new breeds are no better in any way
than the old ones and as a general
rule are not nearly so good in a prac
tical way.
Don't get the idea the poultry busi
ness is going to be revolutionized ev
ery time some new breed is brought
out.
Seven Plead Guilty "Moonshining."
Fort Smith, Ark. Seven men on
trail charged with conspiracy to de
fraud the government in the manufac
ture of "moonshine" whdskev oleaded
guilty in the United States District
Court here. The case against Fred
Bowles of Fort Smith, the eighth de
fendant, was dismissed. The cases
against the defendants went to trial
and their action was a surprise
Wilson Votes For Suffrage
Washington. President Wilson re
turned to Washington from Princeton
after casting the first ballot ever giv
en a chief executive of the United
States in favor of woman suffrage.
The president's brief visit to his legal
residence was marked by a more en
thusiastic welcome from the Prince
ton students than ever before had
been given him in any of his numer
ous trips there since he entered the
White House. The young men gave
noisy evidences of their approval of
his stand on the suffrage question.
Franklin Sinks After 100 Years.
Norfolk, Va. The receiving ship
Franklin which for nearly 100 years
has seen active service in the United
States navy, sank at a dock at the
Norfolk navy yard. The old ship was
recently placed out of commission
and ordered sold. She was placed in
dry dock but a naval board decided
it would cost more than the ship was
Moonshiners Are Sentenced.
Fort Smith, Ark. John L. Casper
of Kansas City, alleged head of the
moonshine conspiracy, who pleaded
guilty in the United States District
Court, was sentenced to nine years
and three days In the Leavenworth
penitentiary and ordered to pay a fine
of $33,000. Others were sentenced as
follows : S. L. Williams, . Winston-
Salem, N. C, former government rev'
enue agent; Charles Brewbaker, Kas-
sas City, and George Hartman, Kan
sas City, one year and one day in the
penitentiary, fined $1,000 each.
ERADICATE LICE AND MITES
Whitewash Is Effective Against Ver
min Free Use of Lice Powder
Is Always in Order.
The free use of an effective lice
powder is always in order in the poul
try house.
A dust bath is very essential in rid
ding the fowls of lice.
In applying powder hold the fowl by
the feet, head down, and work the
powder well down into the feathers.
The free use of kerosene ou the
roosts and in the cracks will extermi
nate mites.
Whitewash is very effective against
vermin.
New Export Records.
Washington. New high records In
the American export trade, made dur
ing September, are shown in figures
made public by the Bureau of Foreign
and Domestic Commerce. Exports for
September, totalled $297,766,705, an
increase of $141,714,417 over Septem
ber, 1914. They made a favorable trade
balance of $146,343,919 for the month
as against a trade balance of $16,341,
722 for September, 1914. The favor
able trade balance for the month was
only $41,693,371 less than the entire
fiscal year.
Will Press Shipping BUI.
Washington. The administration
has determined to press a shipping bill
a sa part of the legislative program
of the coming session of Congress, ft
was stated in well-informed official
circles. Additional vessels flying the
American flag, the administration
holds, are uregntly needed to carry
a American commerce needed to car
ry American commorce and as naval
Loss by Faulty Methods.
Forty-five million dollars a year is
the loss due to faulty methods of han
dling on the farm where eggs are not
collected frequently and marketed reg
ularly, and because nyssts are not kept
clean and males are allowed to run
with the hens in the warm months af
ter the breeding season.
CULLING FLOCK IN THE FALL
'200-Egg Hens Always Have White
Legs at End of Their Pullet Year,"
Says Professor Barrows.
Trap-nest records with many hun
dred fowls at the Maine station make
it possible to say positively that no
bird "which has been a heavy layer
will have bright yellow legs at the
end of the laying season. Prof. H. B.
Barrows says that "200-egg hens al
ways have white legs at the end of
their pullet year." The yellow color
ing matter in the legs and skin seems
to be used up in coloring the yolks for
so many eggs, and thus the skin and
legs bleach out nearly white.
It is worth while knowing this when
culling the flock and deciding which
pullets to keep over to use as breed
ers the next year. If the poultryman
has no trap-nest records the color of
the shanks furnishes him one of the
best indications he can have as to the
way in which these pullets have laid
during their first year of life.
His first selection should always, of
course, be on the strength and con
stitutional vigor, but after having
picked out the good, strong, healthy
birds he should then choose from
among those the ones which show the
whitest legs. Poultrymen often make
a mistake on this point, frequently
practicing just the opposite 'that is,
picking out carefully those which have
yellow legs which are the poorest lay
ers in the flock.
EFFECT OF COOLING ON MILK
Illustration Given Herewith Shows
What a Difference 20 Degrees in
Temperature Will Make.
The cut is a graphical representa
tion of the effect of cooling on milk.
A is a single bacterium; B shows
bacterial growth in 24 hours" with milk
kept at 50 degrees. At C is the fam
ily of a single bacterium after 24 hours
A B
Milk-Cooling Effect.
at 70 degrees. It is easy to Bee what
a difference 20 degrees in tempera
ture makes. At 50 degrees the mul
tiplication is five-fold, at 70 degrees
it is 750 fold.
TO DISINFECT COW STABLES
MARKING SYSTEM FOR HENS
Age of Fowls Can Be Determined by
Punching Holes In Web When
Chick Is Very Young.
A farmer should know to a certainty
the age of his hens. This can only
be determined by a marking system.
A good system of marking is what is
known as "web" marking. A small
hole is punched in the weB between
the toes when the chick is very young.
This hole never gtrows up and in
creases in size as the chick grows
larr.
Any number of markings can be
made and for this reason it is be
lieved that this system is superior to
marking with leg bands, forthe rea
son that unnumbered leg bands can
record but two readings.
In Case of Contagious Abortion Any
of the Standard Coal Tar Mixtures
Will Be Found Good.
For a disinfectant in cases of con
tagious abortion in cows, any of the
standard coal tar disinfectants are
good. Crude carbolic and bichloride
of mercury are two good ones.
Contagious abortion of cows Is a
serious trouble and must be handled
with extreme care if it is to be sup
pressed. The proper disinfection of the
cow stables and the entire premises
that may become infected is very
important Under ordinary farm con
ditions the infected animals should be
separated from the rest of the herd
and kept where there is no chance for
the infection to spread. If it is found
that they cannot be cured they should
be disposed of.
MILK PRODUCER MUST KNOW
November-Laying Pullets.
Pullets hatched in May can be
brought to laying by November, if
they are properly fed and cared for
and crowded as fast as possible. It
cannot be done however, if they are
half fed, tormented with lice, short of
fresh water or allowed to become
stunted for any other reason.
Breeding From Culls.
Breeding from inferior specimens
will never build up a flock. The old
saw: "The best is none too good,"
should be the slogan of the breeder
and fancier.
Fix Up Winter Quarters.
Fix up the poultry quarters now so
that the flock will be in clean, com
fortable and sanitary conditions for
the winter. Make the walls air-tight
and afford good light and ventilation.
Cull Closely,
Many farm poultrymen do not cull
down their flocks nearly as closely as
Fattening Turkeys,
Never confine turkeys while fatten
ing. They will onljr mope around and
fast rather than take on flesh if kept
penned. Freedom Beems to be neces
sary to their well teing, and a certain
amount of exercise serves to increase
their appetites and keep them grow
ing. Even when finishing them it is
best to allow them free range.
Many Dairymen Attempt to Mak
Business Without System Rec
ords Ought to Be Kept.
(By WILBER J. FRASER.)
The chief obstacle to progressive
dairying is carrying it on in a slip
shod manner without the application
of business principles. The milk pro
ducer must stop guessing, and know
for sure what the results will be of
the different operations conducted in
different ways, and in each case adopt
the one that will return the most
profit. It is the net result from a cow
that tells whether she is making
profit or not. We cannot know what
that net result Is If we do not keej
a record.
Keep Producers Only.
The idea is to winter over ony the
cream of the breeding flock and the
winter layers. Look over your flock
now and cull it down closely to the
producers. Fatten and market the
surplus stuff and cut down the feed
bill.
Temperature for Hatching.
A fertile egg will start to hatch if
kept at a temperature of 80 degrees..
If kept at a temperature of 100 'de
grees blood will form in three or four
days.
Getting Returns From Cow.
If the cow eats just a little more
than is required to keep her alive hej
yield will be small and the cost high
while if she eats a large quantity
above what is required to maintain
her body, she will give returns from
larger proportion of her feed.
Ideal Straw Shed.
The old thick-walled straw shed fat
any kind of farm stock is about ideal,
after all that is said to the contrary.
The thick walls keep out cold and
prevent drafts and still grant an Ideal
ventilation. You never find any frost
ed inside walls in the straw shed.
Common Cause of Scours.
A dirty feed pail is the commonest
cause of scours in calves. A clean
feed pall and a dose of castor oil ll
the best remedy.
Increase In Dairy Cows.
The Increase in the number of cowi
to the United States is by no meant
keeping pace with the increase in pop
ulation.