Phone 357 For Space In The National Publicity Edition
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* THE WEATHER * ^5
* Fair tonight and Satur- * V^y^QfllnlL^. ^/y *"
* day. Warmer Saturday. * III |l||lll?Wfi3K^ (ffl
* Moderate uesterly triads *
VOL. XIV. FINAL EDITION. ELIZABETH CITY, NORTH CAROLINA. FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 16, 1924. EIGHT PAGES. NO. lrT
Working On Substitute
McNary-Haugen Measure
Coolidge and Cabinet (imsidering Plan for Relief ?if Farm
er Which Would Pay Export Equalization Fee
When Foreign Market on Farm
Ry DAVID I^AWItKVCK
(C?p>rrf|hU 1924, By Thi Adnnctl
Washington, May 15.?President Coolidge and his Cabinet
are considering a new plan for agricultural relief proposed by
the International Farm Congress and suggested by W. I. Drum
mond, chairman of its board of governors. It may prove a sub
stitute for the McNary-Haugen bill.
Although it is not politics for
them to say so at this tinse some
of the proponents of the Mc
N.vy-IIaugen bill are ready tb
accept the new plan.
Informally some members of the:
administration have approved it. |
For, briefly, it involves no excessive
Government appropriation, no mar
keting machinery of a Governmental
kind, no interference by the Govern
ment In private business, no r?quire
i;?".it t. merchandise any portion ??f
farm products or any disturbance ? t
e>'Mint channels of trade.
But it does involve the use of the
principle of the protective tariff.
Here are the essential points In the
acheme:
"Whenever . the President finds
that there is a surplus for export
of a principle agricultural or live
stock product, together world price
basis of such a product so low as to
cause distress to American pro
ducers thereof by reason of the
price received for the exportable
portion controlling and depressing
the domestic price, he shall declare
an emergency in respect to the pro
duct concerned.
Whenever an emergency has been
so declared, an export equalisation
fee shall be paid upon each portion
of the product concerned as Is ex
ported. Such fee shall be approx
imately equivalent to the tariff
upon Imports into the United States
of the product concerned, per unit
: of each product, less a sufficient
percentage to prevent excessive im
ports.
"An excise tax shall be levied
upon all of the product concerned
which is sol during the emergency
period. The excise tax shall be
calculated to produce an amount
sufficient to pay the export equaliza
tion fee as nearly as may be estima
ted together with all expenses of
operating the plan.
"An Emergency Export Corpora
tion shall be created. Its directors
shall consist of the Secretary of
Agriculture, the Secretary of Com
merce, the Secretary of Labor, the
Secretary of the Treasury and one
other, appointed by the President
and confirmed by the Senate. The
director so appointed shall be chair
man and managing director. The
corporation shall have no capital
stock. It shall be empowered to
levy and collect the excise tax. pay
the equalization fee and conduct all
other business In connection there
with."
In order to operate while getting
under way. the corporation would
be authorized to borrow not to ex
ceed $5,000,000. Also it would be
empowered to borrow- as against fu
ture tax collections in case they did
not arrive in sufficient volume at
times to meet administration expen
ses but the borrowing would be done
In the open market, certificates of
indebtedness being Issued the same
as In any other business . They
-would bear interest at current rates
and be payable on or bofore the
close of the emergency period.
The excise tax would be collected
either in the form of certificates or
the levying of stamp tax** on e??ch
barrel or sack of flour or they would
be aatached to exporters' bills of
lading. In the case of animal pro
ducts. It has been suggested that
they be taxed at the packing plant.
Regardless of whore It Is paid, It
would be charged bark to ...
paid by the producer or grower.
An Illustration worked out by
Mr. Drtimmond Is as follows:
"Domestic price of wheat Is
liased on a world price which Is
$1.00 per bushel. The tariff Is
about 46 cents. The crop Is about
700,000,000 bushels above seed re
quirement*. The exportable sur
plus Is 100.000.000 bushels. Levy
an excess tax of six cents per bushel
on 700,000,000 bushels and It
would yield a revenue of $42,100,
000. Then an export equalization fee
of 40 cotrts would be paid at the noit
of export amounting to about $40.
000,000 to cover expenses or to be
rebated to those upon whom a tax
had been levied The result would
be that the domestic price would bo
$1.00 less six cents excite tax plus
40 cents In export fee or a total of
91.34 as the final {Trice of wheat. If
desired a higher or lower s^ale
could be used. Illustration: pay an
export fee of 60 cents a bushel This
would require an excise fax of 4.6
cents and result In a n?t Increase of
61.4 cents per bushel."
The Internationa) Farm .Congress
It one of the conservative farm bo
dies and la opposed to the Govern
BOX EXPLODES
SERVANTS HURT
(By Til* AMMfitid PrtM)
Peking, May 16.?A box
which an unknown messenger
brought as a gift to Dr. Wel
lington Koo, Chinese foreign
minister, today exploded and
critically Injured the three ser
vants whom the minister had
ordered to open It. Dr. Koo
was In another room of hid
residence and was not hurt.
SURRENDERS PERMIT
HANDLE NARCOTICS
Wilmington. May 16? Dr. Harry
Robinson of Chadburn was yester
day forced to surrender his permit
to handle narcotics after pleading
guilty of violation of the Harrison
antl-narcatlc act.
LANGLEY IN STATE
NERVOUS COLLAPSE
Washington, May 16.?The condi
tion of Representative Langley of ?
Kentucky is described today as Be-I
rlous. He is in a state of nervous -
collapse and has displayed symptoms
of Blight cerebral hemorrhage. Re
turning here from Kentucky where
he was convicted In connection with
the Issuance of liquor permits Lang
ley became 111 almoat immediately.
GEORGE REMUS CLAIMS
HE BOUGHT IMMUNITY
Washington. May 16.?A detailed
atory of payments of "protection
money" aggregating more than a
quarter of a million dollars to Jess
Smith, friend and constant compan
ion of former Attorney General
Daugherty waa told to the Senate
Daugherty committee today by
George Remus of Ohio, who said
that he made a fortune out of Illicit
liquor traffic sales before he was
convicted and sent to the Atlantu
penitentiary.
HURT VIRGINIA ROADS
COUNTED HALF MILLION
Richmond. Va., May If?Damage
to Virginia roads by recent floods
waa tentatively estimated at half a
million dollars by Chairman Shirley
of the 8tate Highway Commission
today.
CLOSING LAST GAP
ON WOODVILLE ROAD
Construction forces moved In on
the last unpaved segment of the con
i crete road to Woodvllle Friday, and
'Indications arc that this 1075 footl
,ltap In the pavement about three'
miles from Rllxabeth City will bei
'closed up within the next two weeks.'
{ But for a threatened material
shortage), It would be reasonably
'safe to predict that the gap would
be closed next week, weather per
I milling.
i METHODISTS REFUSE ?
TO INCREASE BISHOPS|
Sprlngfleld, Mass., May 12.?A|
motion to Increase the number of bl-1
shops waa defeated at the Methodist j
I Episcopal Conference here today by
|a vote of 4 61 to 84 4. The report of
the committee on episcopacy reduc
ing the Kplscnpal areas by one wss
adopted by a large majority.
? COTTON MAHKET
iNew York, May It?Cotton fu-.
tares opened this morning at the
I following levels: May 21.78; July'
29.25; October 25.SO; December'
{ 24.72; January 24.42.
At two o'clock thla afternoon fti
,tures were quoted as follows: May!
21.40; July 22.07; October 25 22;,
'December 24.20; January 24.42.
New York, May 12?Spot cotton
closed quiet thla afternoon, declining
KS points. Middling 21.12. Fa-]
tnrea closed at the following levels: I
j May 31: it; July 22.2?; October
|2R.1I; December 24.50; January
24.14; March 24.22; August 27.12.1
mastic price* are protected by the <
tariff In other commodities. If the
MeNary-Haugen bill Is beaten as,
seems likely. thU nlan will be j
;Wry Commentaries on Rye Question
Dr. Nicholas Murray'Butler, president of Columbia University, shown
In his office surrounded by one-half of one per cent of the mall that has
showered upon him since he opened lire on prohibition. Hundreds of
them, from all Darts of the nation, take the educator to task whlls
hundreds more pat him on the hip, ns it were.
CATHOLIC SISTERS
TAKE OVER HOSPITAL;
That the mana':?ment of tho Eliz
abeth City Ilnppital would bo taken
over by a Kenan Catholic sisterhood
became generally definitely known
Friday when the Independent of
that date carried a newt) item to that
effect.
Members of the sliterhood are
styled Sisters of Humility of Mary
and seven of them are to assume
charge of the hospital on June 1,
when the directors of the Chamber 1
of Commerce, who some weeks ago I
agreed to surrender their lease to
Dr. John Raliba, owner of the hos
pital property, terminate their threa
years' management of the institu
tion.
The hospital property had been
converted into an apartment houso
three years ago when the Chamber
of Commerce sponsored a movement
to re-open it. The movement
achieved its object and the hospltp.l
was opened as a community enter
prise and has been kept open ever
since. However, the directors of the
Chamber of Commerce, who as
sumed the management of the hos
pital. were not able to operate it
without a deficit and elected to sur
render their lease this spring rather
than go through the mill of another
campaign for funds for current ex
pensed and outstanding obligations
when Dr. Saliba agreed to take It
over.
QUAKES DESTROY
ENTIRE VILLAGES
Constantinople, May 16. ?
Dispatches today report furth
er earthquakes have been fe)t
at Serzrom, Hassankale, anri
Kars. and entire villages In
the neighborhood of Hansau
kale are reported to have been
destroyed. The number of ad
ditional victims Is given as
120.
FIRMLY AGAINST
INFIDELIC THEORIES
Austin, Tex., May 16.?Questions
'of Darwinism and Modernism wero
placed squarely before the National
General Assembly of the Cumberland
Presbyterian Church here today in
the first business session of tho
ninety-fourth convention.
The problem came to the front In
the resolution that the church take
a stand "squarely, fixedly and Im
movably against there Infldellc theo
ries."
CAROLINA MINISTER
INJURED IN ATLANTA
Atlanta, May 16?Rev. R. L. Byrd
of St. I'aul, North Carolina, while
attending the Southern Baptist Con
vention her?? was run down yester
day and seriously Injured by an au- I
i tomoblle.
Movement To Favor More
Dignity In U. S. Courts
Lawyer Who Favor* Black Kobe* While Pleading Caitei lie
lieve* Thousand lawyers Now Planning Visit England
Will Come Back Converted to His Viewpoint
Ily iUJBEHT T. HMAM,
(Ofyriaht 1024. Bv Th.
Now York, May 16.?A New York |
judge returning from - Europe h?
come out In favor of compelling all I
lawyers to wear black gowns whIK* |
pleading a cane or representing *
client In all but the most Inferior of
the Federal, state and county courts
Thin Judge wan greatly Impressed by
the dignity of the courts In Kurope.
especially thoae In Great Britain and
he la confident that added dignity
and authority would be lent to Am
erican courts If the custom of gown
ing not alone the bench hut the bar-ji
rlsters as well were followed in thli ?
country.
The opinion of a single judge on
a revolutionary proposal of this sort j
might or might not be regarded a4 <
significant hv the great mass of at
torneys and Jurists. Ilut the move
gains Immense Importance In view of;
the fact that a thousand or mon
members of the American Bar Asso- j
elation are going to England this!
summer to bo the guests of the Brlt-j
Ish bar and to study the methods |
and customs of the British courts.
Many-of the American lawrera will]
continue their Journey to the contl-i
nent and take a peek at the courts
of the other nations.
It Is the confident belief of the;
New York Judge that virtually all of
the American nttorneys will come
back Imbued with the same Impres- j
slons which were made upon him ?
and that they may land their support
to the suggestion that American!
courts be surrounded wljji great for
mality. Unquestionably formality
makes the reap*et. either conscious
ly or unconsciously. Here In the
state supreme court when the Judge
enters to take his place on the bench,
all spectators, lawyers and the Indi
viduals at the bar are compelled to
the morning when the crier makes (
his call, but unless to any and all In
terruptions, recesses and other occs-,
slons when the Judge leaves the
bensh.
In most of the American courts.'
even the Judgea are not gowned. In
a great many states only the supreme
justice appear In the black flowing
robes.
Kven 7n the lower branches of the
Federal courts tho wearing of gowns
Is not compulsory. Therefore ft In
evident that before the movement tJ
compel lawyers to wear gowna can
make much headway, there must
first be a general application of the
rule to the Judges of the various
courts.
Leading member* of the Ameri
can bar have contended for som!
lime that thin country could learn
much from a study of British meth
ods of Jurisprudence. Chief Justice)
Taft of the United Htatea Supreme!
Court has himself made ? personal!
itudy of the Rrl'lah courts and Is)
counted among those who believe'
that every vantage of dignity ahould
be given to the American courts. The!
chief Justice hns viewed with a great;
deal of satisfaction the pilgrimage;
the lawyers of this country are aboutt
to make abroad.
Committees of the American Tlar
Association from time to time have)
none on record as saying tbat great- ,
sr reapeet for the law should flow
from greater general respect for tho
cburta of the land. It Is perhaps a
minor thing to say that gowning the
lawyers as well aa the bench would
make for respect, but one Judge at
least believes the experiment worth
trying.
When tbe American lawyer* re
turn from Europe In late August an*
Reform In Court Insanity
j Trials Urged By Alienist
I From Hank* of IVyohialrwIs Tlifiiisrlvrs Conies Most Se
vere Castigatioii c?f So-Called Expert Testimony When
Jnrv Is (Called oil to Decide as to Defendant's Sanity
WILL JEOPARDIZE
SMALL BUSINESS
Provision of New Tax Bill
for Making 1*111)110 Tax He-'
turns Would lie Disastrous,
Says Secretary Hoover.
Washington, May 16.?Secretary
Hoover In a formal statement today
declared that the provision of the
new tax bill of opening tax returns
for Inspection will jeopardize the
small business and place It at the
mercy of Its largo competitors.
The secretary recalled that tho
publicity of tax returns during the
period of 1867 to 1872 contributed
to the "industrial and financial cha
os of the time" and charged that the
provisions of the new bill would op
en new fields for fradulent concerns.
SHE LOST COUPLE OF
HUSBANDS THAT WAY
Loa Angeles, May 16.?Edna Wal
lace Hopper, actress and exponent t i
the modern theory of rejuvenation,
today announced that she will b
married to a British army officer In
China next month. The Los Angelc:
Examiner says she declined to revet!
the name of her prospective hut
band, explaining that she had 'a'l
ready lost a couple" that way.
DR. CHAHK IMPROVES
Durham, May 16?Dr. Harry W.
Chase, president of the North Car
olina University, Is recovering from
an operation for appendicitis.
CiKTS HOAD KKNTKXCK FOR
DIUVIXU CAB INTOXICATED
A sentence of 30 days on the roade
was Imposed on Arthui Miller, col
ored, In the recorder's court Thurs
day when Trial Justice Spence found
him guilty of operating a motor car
while under the Influence of liquor.
On the night of the preceding Tueo
day, Miller driving toward town, ran
Into F. W. M. Butler, one of Eliza
beth City's most respected negroes,
driving toward Weeksvllle, Just this
side of Dead Man's Curve.
Miller noted an appeal and was
required to glvo bond In sum of $7&.
Wiley Long was taxed with the
costs for operating a motor car wltn
defective light* and two negro de
fendants. Ed Wilson and Wlllla'ii
Walton, were meted out Justice In
the same measure.
RAILROADS OBTAIN
INJUNCTION ON RATE*
Wilmington, May 16?The Atlan
tic Coast Line and the Seaboard Air
Line yesterday obtained obtained a
temporary Injunction preventing the
Interstate rate on water cargoes
panning through the port from being
placed in effect, returnable next
week at Raleigh. The decrease
ordered by the commissioner was
about ten per cent in rates.
WILL NOT TRY FLOAT
ROAI) IN PERQUIMANS
Hertford is to have somthlng of
Elizabeth City's experience with a
forry detour when, probably within
the next two weeks, work Is begun
preparatory to paving the causeway
leading to the Perquimans river
bridge at the town limits of Hert
ford. A barge used as a ferry when
MnXutt was building his "floating
concrete" road across Machelhe's
Island and the swamps of the Cam
iMi mainland will he used and will |
be put Into service on the Perquim
ans, but the State will not attempt
to float the Perquimans road. They
will put piling under it, instead.
AMENDMENT SEEKS TO
DHAW TEETH STRIKES
Washington. May 1f?.?A rallro?n|
strike or lockout threatening a trans
portation emergency would result
automatically in nuits bv the Govern
ment to throw the rond* affected In
to * receivership, under an amend
ment to the Howell Oarkley bill ap
proved by the Senate subcommittee
today.
DR. SUN YAT SEN
IS ALIVE AND WELL
(Bv Th?
Hons Kong, May 18. ? Dr.
Sun Yat Son, president of thu
South China government,
whose death waa reported to
have occurred Tueaday. la alive
and perfectly well, bla confi
dential secretary today declar
ed emphatically to a represen
tative of The Aaaoclated Pre?a
aent from Bon$ Kong to Or.
By KOHKItT T. SMALL
Cof yrl(ht, 1924. ky Th? Adtanc*
New York, May lti.?There has
been quick resp&nse both in the med
ical and legal professions here to
the suggestion of I)r. Carlos P. Mac
Donald. who was an alienist for the
itate in the first two trials of Harry
Kendall Thaw, that a curb be applied
in the future to the no-called "ex
pert" testimony in criminal cases infc
solving a plea of insanity.
Dr. MacDonald has held up to
public contumely the spectacle of
two sets of alienists at a murder
trial. The same long rambling hy
pothetical question is asked of the
apposing alienists. One set avows
that from tne details and circum
stances set forth in the question
there is not the slightest doubt in the
world that the defendant was insane
at the time the crime was committed.
The second set avows that from the
details and circumstances set forth
in the question there is not th<>
slightest doubt in the world that the
defendant was of sound and discern
ing mind at the time the crime was
committed.
Then, snys Dr. MacDonald, a poor
jury ifi2 l.i} nen is supposed to do
c!d? will of experts is right,
ft is itmall v- nder, he adds, that a
rich man. pc?i aed of murder, should
be rblo to keep his case dragging
liausc *urly thr ugh the courts of two
:;tates for m ?i? than 17 years.
No one is better able to speaK
with authority as to the so-called ex
p< rts ti'jn Dr. MacDonald. He had
devoted tli* greater part of his life
to psychiatry and has been an ob
server If tin* a participant in somo
of the most fnwous Insanity canes of
his time. He : lso has been connect
ed with soin sf the country's lead
ing Instil'itlcnr; for the care and
study or th<- mentally unbalanced.
has seen "brother medical men"
go on the witness stand time after
time.' and swear Just as they were
paid to awear. Ho Intimates very
plainly that If by chance they had
been employed by the other ' side
their testimony would have been di
ametrically the opposite of what It
was. He also has seen doctors pose
as experts when even the most cas
ual cross examination by an able dis
trict attorney shattered their testi
money to the winds.
It is time for the evil of conflict
ing expert testimony to stop, Dr.
MacDonald believes, and his princi
pal remedy for a situation which Is a
"stench in the nostrils of the peo
ple" Is that all questions of Insanity
shall be eliminated from the trial of
a criminal before the ordinary Jury.
If there is to be a plea of Insanity
it should be entered after a verdict
on the facts and the facts and tho
facts alone has been rendered. If the
defendant Is found guilty and his at
torneys believe he was Insane at th*
time of the crime, they might call
for a sanity commission at once and
have It appointed by the courts, with
the experts paid by th?> state to ren
der an Impartial verdict and to re
ceive certain fixed fees, regardless of
what thtff flnnl decision might be.
If the defendant were acquitted In a
trial and the district attorney be
lieved him insane and a menace to
the community, the state likewise
would be permitted to apply for a
lunacy commission. Thus the rights
of the Individual and of the people
at large would both be protected.
Harry Thnw wns acquitted at his
second trial for the murder of Stan
ford White on the ground that he
was Insane at the time the shooting
on Madison Square Garden roof oc
curred. The Thaw alienists attemp
ted to show that while Thaw was In
sane and Irresponsible at the exact
moment of the shootlnK he was per
fectly sane and safe at the time of
his trial and should be released. The
state's alienists successfully combat
ted that contention.
Dr. MacDonald has been more un
4paring on his profession than most
>f the lay critics who have discussed
them from time to time and he
bluntly says there are 'experts who
think more about enrnln* their fcei
than about the ethics of their pro
fession or the actual telling of tho
truth. The doctor also says It Is not
Talr to expect a Judre and J-iry to
follow the Intricacies and tho <1 >vloun
ways of expert testimony whan they
have no means really of distinguish
ing the good expert from the unscru
pulous one. for sometimes the latter
Is Just as plausible if not mire so
than the man actually trying to do
his duty.
The New York Bar Association Is
lo be asked to take the matter up
and It Is possible entirely new legis
lation msy be planned for con ddera
tlon at the next sitting of tho legis
lature at Albany.
BONUS B1LI. VETOED
HOUSE WILL OVERRIDE
Wellington, May 16? Pri?ld?st
Coolidft* ye?t?rd*r vaU>ed the bonu*
bill and the mattor wilt come to a