$1.00 fx Yonr iix Aclvnnoo. 'POIl C3rOXD, FOH. COUNTriY, .KTXD FOR TIlUTIIt" SiiiSlo Copy, 13 Cont. VOL. XL PLYMOUTH, N. C, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1899. NO. 10. V r 1 , t BIULi A HP'S JUKTTKH. A few days ago I received a Utter from a friend and it was post-marked Pelzer. lie said I was wanted there to talk to the people, and he ventured to fix the day and the compensation for loss of time and waste of tongue. I had never heard of Pelzer nor could I find it on my antiquated map. But I did find it on one of later date, and supposed it was some small village that had a cotton mill and a dam t n the Saluda and some tenement houses. Nevertheless, 1 accepted the call, for the oiler was liberal. The next mail brought a similar invitation from Pied mont, another mill town, only six miles jWrom Pelzer. 1 So I journeyed from Atlanta to Green ville, and there changed cars for my J fsti nation, which was only 20 miles away. It was night when I reached the place. My good friend, Mr. Pad gett, who is the Democratic postmaster, . took me to his house. I had not seen the town, for it was quite dark. "What is the prospect for an audience?" I inquired. "Very good," he said. "I think you will have several hundred people'out to hear you." "Why, how large is your town? What is your popu lation ?" "About 7.000," he said. I was amazed. A town twice as large as Cartersville and 1 never heard of it and it is not on my map. He explained by saying that it was only twelve years old, and had four large cotton mills that employed over 2,000 operatives, . Jfcaud consumed nearly 100,000 bales of "cotton, and the company owned some 3,000 acres of land, -and all the houses and stores and churches and several miles of the river. "Did you advertise me pretty well?" I asked. "Oh, yes!" he said. ''Wo church folkfl told it to everybody we met, both in the town and in the country, and they all said they were coming." "Publish it in the papers?" said 1." "No, no. We have no papers here, and no printing office. We did not even have a poster or a hand bill but we talked it a good deal." Well, I listened and wondered, and my confidence was shaken. After a bounti ful supper and a little mixing up with the children, we went to the large church where I was to hold forth, and ' : found it already pretty well filled. In a brief time I stood before more than 500 people, and was inspired to make my best effort, for I had an orderly and attentive congregation, and we all fell in love with one another. I never have had a more gratifying lecture oc casion. Next morning was spent in viewing the city audUhe mills aud the library. The 'merchants carried im mense stocks in large stores, and there were many nice residences for the managers and heads of the various de , partments, but they were all built and are owned and leased by the mill com pany. This company owns and con trols every foot of land and everything that is on it. Cantain Smvthe, of Charleston, is the king, the czar, a big hearted, brainy man, and everybody respects and loves him. He is a son of that celebrated Presbyterian minis ister of Charleston who during his min isterial life, was a notable man in relig ious circles. I rember that he was one of my father's friends. "Who is your mayor? ' said I. "We have none; no mayor nor aldermen, no municipal corporation, uo marshals nor police. Captain Smythe runs the town. Every body who comes here for employment is investigated carefully. His antece dents must be good or he can't stay. We have no lawyers nor editors; don't need any. V e allow them to come in and look around." "Did you know that I was a lawyer?" said I. "Oh, yes; but we learned that you had quit the practice and reformed, and so we in vited you." "I don't see any negroes about here," said I. "No, we don't want them. There are a few, but they live outside. Some of them cook and wash for us, but Captain Smythe don't want us to mix with them or depend upon them. He wants everybody to depend upon themselves as much ns po3sibW "And so you have ruled out lawyers, editors and negroes?'' "Yes," said he, "and t-.,.r .ivo nr anlnnna nr hlind thrfirs or Vj L 1 1 C i wtww' . . - 0 V. .,;.,i.0itoo " " FTnw a Unit, rlnr.fcnrs?" I nsked. . ''Oh, of course we have doc- V.ntist and four preachers, all select, ? one photographer." The company yja good library and pays a man to .fsited mill No. 4, an up to-date C'J iu all respects. It is operated by Hrioity that is generated two miles )t some falls of the Saluda river, ynl amazed me. No coal and no f It is 128 feet wide and 528 and is four stories high. In t.,Jat room I saw 60,000 spindles 4. In two others there were glooms. It requires 1,100 opera ; to attend to this mill, and it takes bak'S of cotton for a year's sup y Just think of it. The superm ini, Mr- Guy, had the elevator to ul) 'lit half way up between Hours V that I might have a good view of the ii icniiiery and the busy b ys and girls .ix this spinning room. This room he called hid children's room; not the children's . room, but my children's room, he said. Scores of little chaps not more, thn ten years old who look ed their love for him. They were the brightest and healthiest children I ever saw in a mill, and earn from 25 cents 00 cents a day. Many of the grown girls earn from GO cents to 11.25 a day, and the average pay of them all is 02 cents. This is good wages, for their work is easv and healthy. The rooms are never too hot or too cold; for the temperature is kept uniform by fans and heaters in the basement. Nogrea3e or fatty matterts used on the machin ery nothiDg but pure mineral oil. These children are required to leave the mill at certain periods and go to their public schools, which are sup ported by the company, i visited the school and found 800 of the pupils gathered in the large room to receive me and listen to a brief talk about my old school days and some words of en couragement to cheer them up. Mr. Guy the efficient superintendent of mill No. 4, is an Augusta man, and has been in the mill service for forty-four years. In the packing room I observed that all the bales are marked to Shang hai, China, and I heard that China is the best customer of southern mills. That government used to buy from New England and old England, but they buy air their goods by weight and not by the yard, and in course of time John Bull and the yankee got to mix ing white clay with the starch to make the cloth weigh heavy, and so they turned their trade down south, where people didn't adulterate everything they make to sell. Said Mr. Guy to me: "There is no sizing in these goods except that made of pure boiled corn starch." Nearly all the capital in these great mills is from the south; and there's millions in them, for Piedmont is on the same river and is only five miles away aud has two large nulls and an other is going up at Belton, a few miles below. In fact, the traveler through upper Carolina is hardly ever out of sight of a smokestack. In a few years that State will consume all the cotton that is grown in it. What a glorious prospect. All around Pelzer and Piedmont the farmers are prosperous ; for they have a regular, eager market for everything they grow, and I saw their wagons coming in on every road. I visited Piedmont and stayed a day and night. It is a duplicate of Pelzer, though not so large; having about 5,000 people. It is most efficiently managed by Mr. James Orr, Jr.. a son of the governor and statesmau. lie, too, is a king and a czar, and his word is law about every thing. He is respected and loved by every man, woman and child in Pied mont; and the stockholders have noth ing to do but look on and receive their dividends semi-annually. Piedmont is more elevated than Pelzer, and the views from her hills are charming. And then her flowers; oh, the beauty of them. Out-door chrysauthemums and roses were in all their glory. Mrs. Richardson sent my wife a box full by yesterday's express that excelled auy tbing that I ever saw in a conservatory. She gave a caution to the expressman in these lines on the box: "If you desire to climb the golden stair, Handle these flowers witli exceeding cure. If you expect to play the golden harp, Speed them with safety to Mistress Arp." The lyceum and public library at Piedmont is an interesting place to visit and is liberally patronized by the workers in the mills. Counected with it is a home made insurance or benefit association, a kind of savings bank where for a deposit of ten cents a week the family of the depositor gets forty dollars whenever a death occurs. This is of course to provide for funeral ex penses and a decent burial. In this library is the finest collection of Indian relics I ever saw anywhere. Fortunate people to have such phi lanthropic guardians. Old FatherPel zer does not live there, but he is near enough to keen a fatherly eye on these numerous children. He is a Charles ton millionaire, but lives at his up country home, not for from the beauti ful Mill Citv that he founded and which bears his name. Just think of it, my Georgia friends; 00,000 spindles turning in one room, and 1.400 looms weaving inhvo others, Why should not every cotton growing courty in Georgia, "yea, in South Carolina, do likewise. Our county produces ten thousand bales annually and surely our farmers can build a mill large enough to manufacture it and double its value. Bill Aur. An Evanlve Answer, "John," said a clergyman to his factotum, "I shall be yery busy this afternoon, and if any one calk I do not wish to be disturbed." "All right, sir. Will I tell them you're not in?" "No, John; that would be a lie." "An' what'U I say, yer reverence?" "Oh, just put them off with an eva sive auswer." At supper John was asked if any one had called. "Yes, there did," he said. "And what did you tell bim?" asked the clergyman. "I gaye him an evasive answer." "How was that?" queried his rev erence. "He asked me was yer reverence in, an' I eez to him, sez I, 'Was your grandmother a hoot owl?' " At a recent duel the parties discharged their pistols without effect, whereupon one of the seconds interposed, and pro posed that the combatants should shake hands. To this the other second ob jected as unnecessary. "Their hands," said he, "have been shaking for half an hour." EDUCATIOJI OF TI1K KKtiKO IN TIIK SOUTH. Haiti more Sun A case which was argued in the Su preme Court of the United Stales on Monday involves a most interesting and important point namely, whether the State of Georgia must provide equal school facilities for whites and blacks. The Board of Education of Augusta, it appears, is about to establish a high school for white children in that city. A number of colored residents have taken the matter to the courts, asking that an order be issued either compelling the Board of Education to give colored childre l the advantages of a public high school or to refrain from carrying on white high schools for the support of which the petitioners are taxed. The case inyolves the construction of the Federal Constitution, and in some measure the right of Federal courts to determine how money collected by the several States by taxation shall be expended. Those who are not familiar with con dition in the South might infer from the suit instituted by the colored people of Augusta thet they are the victims of unjust discrimination and do not receive a fair share of the school funds of the State or city. Tnis is highly improbable. If the colored taxpayers of the South were to have the bentfit of all the money they pay into the State, county aud muuicipal treasuries, the entire amount would not, it is likely, give them the school facilities which they need and now enjoy. Unless Georgia is unlike every other Southern State, the whites practically pay all the ex penses of the State government aud the cost of maintaining th"e schools aud aeylums. In Virgina a few years ago it was estimated that colored taxpayers contributed less than 10 per cent, of the sum required to defray the annual ex penses of the State government. The propottion may be slightly higher in Georgia than in Virginia, but there can be no question of the fact that iu Georgia, as in Virgiuia, there would be few schools of any kind if the taxes paid by the whites were in the same proportion as those paid by the negroes. The generosity of the southern white people in providing educational facilities for the negroes is worthy oft he highest commeudatiou. It is not sufficient to say that it was their duty to do what they have clone. If they had pursued a different course under the conditions which prevailed after the Civil War, they could not have been censured very severely, for their property had been destroyed and many of them were al most penniless and unable to provide properly for the educational needs of their own children, much less the needs ( f the, children of their former slaves. It is greatly to their credit that, under such trying circumstances, they did not discriminate against the negro, but allowed his children to have a share of school uuds which were derived almost entirely from taxes paid by the whites. Th;s fact 6hould not be overlooked, in view of the proceedings instituted by the colored people of Augusta pro ceedings whi.h might produce a mis leading impression upon the minds of those not familiar with the facts. In several Southern States movements have been inaugurated from time to time to devote the taxes p.iid by whites exclusively to the education of white children and to give to the negroes for the education of their children such sums a3 they might pay into the State treasury in the form of taxes. If such a plan had been adopted, the Southern negroes would have had yery few schools, while the educational facilities provided for the whites would have been materially increased and improved. Although there might have been justi fication for such a division of the school funds, the suggestion was never favored by a majority of the white tax payers in any Southern State, regardless of "the legality of such a division. They have continued to educate the negroes at their own expense and at the expense of white children, never stopping to iaquire whether the results justified the expenditure, although at times they may have had serious doubts on the subject. If they had taken the attitude now assumed by the colored people of Augusta, or had divided the school funds in proportion to the taxes paid bl the representatives of each race, tney would have had more and better schools for white children. If they had ob jected to taxation the object of which is the support of colored school, the negro would be in a very bad way as far as his opportunities for getting an education are concerned. It is possible the Su preme Court of the United States may decide that there shall be no white high schools unless institutions of a similiar character are provided for col-red pupils. But such a yictory in the courts would be really a misfortune for the colored people of the South. It would inevitably provoke comparisons between the amount of taxes paid respectively by the negroes and the whitee, and the latter might be compelled, in their own defense, to regulate expenditures ac cording to the proportion in which each race contributes to the maintenance of the schools. In that event the negro would not find the school facilities for his children as liberal as they are under present conditions in the States of the South. The Baptist State Convention meets in Asheville December Gib. HOKUIiiLK APFAIlt. Nashville Advocate. We have never heard of a more ter rible tragedy than that which took place on the 20th ult. in Leake county, Miss. A respectable farmer named John Gambrell, living at a considerable distance from any neighbor, went to the adjacent town of Canton to sell his cot ton. When he returned he discovered that his house had been burned to the ground, and that the charred bones of the fiye members of his family were in the smoking ruins. As a matter of course the whole community became grought up over the occurrence. Sus picion fell upon a negro named Joe Le Flore, who, on being arrested, confessed that he had murdered Mrs. Gambrell and her children, and had then set fire to the house to conceal his crime. He also implicated two or three. other per sons in his crime. Without the least delay he was fastened to a stake, a heap of fagots was piled about him, and he was literally roafted to drath. The per sons whom he asserted to be particeps crimiuis were all arrested. One of them, however, proved an alibi by a respetcable white citizen, and was turned loose. The rest are held till it can be determined whether they are really guilty. If it should be proven that they had any connection with the murder it is certain that they will be speedily put to death, without the inter vention of judge or jury. The corres pondent of the Memphis Commercial Appeal, who is on the ground, and has carefully studied the situation, says: "The temper of the people is peculiar. Tney are not excited and bent on killing for the love of slaughter, nor do they seek to wreak vengeance on negroes. They are aroused as they never were be fore. They know that while one of the" best citizens was away from his wife and children that his home was entered, and that ruthless murder was done. The horror of it is beyond comprehen sion. Gambrell has no enemies; he is a quiet farmer, having a small farm, and so far as goes in this county is pros perous. He had about two huudred dollars in the house, and when he lefi he had no idea that this would excite the cupidity of men to the point that to obtain it they would murder five per persons, burn them, aud risk the chances of capture and death. It is now a fight in self-defense The coun try is sparsely settled, and the people feel that unless the quintuple tragedy is avenged fully, that every man who di rectly or remotely is concerned in it is runted down and made to suffer the tortures of a slow death coming in the most excruciating form, he who next may leve wile and loved ones will have no reason to hope that they may not die as did the wife and children of John Gambrell. Throughout the South, away from cities, every man is truly lord of his own castle. He must pro tect his own home from the ruthless murderer. The sheriff in the county does not prevent crime in the way that be and his deputies patrol the county. Me comes into evidence only after the act. Hence it is that such pos3es as are now in Leake county are moving in self-defense. They hope to strike such a blow that will stand as an awful warn ing to any wretch who, driven by cu pidity or lust, seeks to gratify either even if he must commit murder." Our readers know with what vigor and earn estness we have denounced all the forms of mob law. But. what shall we say in a case of this kind? That the law ought to take its course is certain. But who can wonder that its operation' should be suspended under such circumstances? Let any mau ask himself w hat he would do if his family had been dealt with as John Gambrell's was. The recurrence of such events as this sicken us to the heart, and almost cause us to lose hope. Bat we still insist that no action of any bad negro or cf any number of bad ne groes is an excuse for indiscriminate hostility toward the negroes as a race. Hundreds of thousands of them are harmless and useful citizens, and de serve to be protected in all their rights. The Color Line In Cuba. Havana, Nov. 18. Three Americans, Hansen, King and Holland, have each been sentenced to two months' impris onment and to pay a fine of $65 aad two-thirds of the costs of the proceed ings, tor placing over their Baloon a sign reading: "We cater to white peo ple only." Their place had been closed January last by order of the civil governor, be cause they had refused to serve a col ored Cuban general, but they had been allowed to open the saloon again on promising to serve the public without distinction of color. The defendants have appealed the case, the costs of which already amount to $2,000. A letter has been published in a pa per of this city, written by another col ored Cuban general, complaining that the owner of a barber shop had re fused to cut his hair on account of his color. lli keel to Deal It by 111) Uun. Kansas City Journal. Near the Hulmboldt the other day Mr. J). Wittich accidentally discharged both barrels of his shotgun while hold ing the gun before him. The shock rebounded, striking him in the stomach and inflicting injuries from which he soon died. With inanimate tbvytS well as priza fighters in pop;-- y the seer t of the solar r;' is safe. . ini see. pmso kkvoum seeded. N. C. Christian Advocate. The Advocate has no sympathy with carping critics, nor with those who for selfish or political purposes seize upon every mistake on the part of men in authority to heap a tirade of abuse on their heads or write bitt r things against them. But there are times when the most const rvative and patient must speak out. We have not felt catted upon hereto fore to speak of the humiliating, net to say disgraceful, things developed in the management of the convicts in our State prison and the farms connected with it. B it recent investigation by the commit tee appointed by the last Legislature have brought to light a condition of affairs that is to us painful in the ex treme. If the evidence reported by the daily papers, and notably by the Raleigh News and Observer, is true, then there is an immediate and imperative demand for a revision of our whole system of prison discipline. That some must be punished all ad mit that persons who violate the law must Buffer the penalty. This is neces sary for the public welfare. That it is necessary to have prison discipline goes without saying. But wanton cruelty to these unfortunate people is a crime against them, against the public, and a wrong in the sight of God. Such treat ment cannot be tolerated by a Christian people or connived at by a great State. On the Roanoke farms it is stated that 50 per cent, of the prisoners are whipped; at the central prison, Raleigh, 30 per cent. How severely nobody knows outside the prison walls. The thud of the whip and the cries of the sulierer do not reach the outside world ; they fall on the ears of men like them selves, who may at any time be sub jected to the same torture. There is no inspector of prisons to make investigation and give informa ion to the people, and the law does not limit the number of stripes laid on the backs of these sufferers. That is left to the discretion of the official in charge, and the lash is laid . n until he is satisfied. The people of North Carolina owe it to themselves and to humanity to de mand a radical reform iu the manage ment of prisoners aud convicts. Great discretion tugbt to be used in selecting persons to control our prisons. It is a mistake to put them in charge of cold, hard, or cruel men. - Men of the btst habits, of the highest integrity, and of the strictest sense of justice and right should be put in charge. Even convicts have eome neht and these rights ought to be rigidly protected. They are deprived of liberty, they are denied all the privileges that others enjoy, they are put to nara, exnausung labor, surely they are entitled to hu maue treatment. They should have plenty of wholesome food, comfortable clothing, and such - religious privileges and instruction as will enable them to understand the plan of salvation and appropriate the benefits of the Christian religion. Itefleciitms of a Grass AVUlow. Chicago Tribune. A wedding fee is not wholly wasted. It helps to support the preacher. There is no fool like an old fool ex cept a young fool who marries one. Never throw a pair ot old shoes alter a bride. Save them and give them to her. S ie will need them some day. If you are faithful in sewing the bu -tons on your husband's trousers he will think you ought to be able to make your own bonnets. If you humbly ask your husbaud lor money you spoil him. If you demand it he raieos a fuss and wants to know if you thiuk, by George, he is one of the Rothschilds. Never marry a man with the idea you are getting one oi mose superior young men you read about in Jnlia Magruder s or ranees Hodgson Bur nett's novels. They don't exist, my dear. Don't save the letters your husband wrote to you in the days of your court ship. If he 6hould find them some day by accident and read them he will be much disgusted. If your husbaud turns out to be the man you thought he was when you married bim, and never gives you cross word, doa't tell any other wife about it. She will not believe you. "Five Oont's" Society. .New York Sun. "The society ofthel'ive JJou'ts is the tide of a society recently started in Brooklyn by Henry N. Nilts of f.GO Quincy street. Ihe "Five Don'ts are: 1. Don't ride simply for pleasure on Sunday. 2. Don't (save in an ocean voyage) ride in a public conveyance on Sunday. 3. Don t read a bunuay newspaper on .Sundav. 4. Don't buy anything on Su except in case of an emergency 5. Don'tmail letters on Sunday. v The nierit sign a pledge to ol" the rules Snization for aud to send aw'Y xrarT' secretary when A'ehlt, . deviate from th onth " Harry," eau' Cy v on f ' ' tf - I'AUT OK St'PT. MEHASE'S IlEI'ORT. . The State Superintendent of Public Instruction has completed the statisti cal portion of his report for this year. It shows that the receipts were as fol lows: State and county poh tax $303, 313; special property tax, under local acts, $15,781, and poll tax $9,751; fines, forfeitures, etc., $14,413; liquor licenses $71,122; other sources $56,275; total $890,531. The balance on hand last year was $189,081. Ihe disbursements were: Jbor white school teachers $520,415; negroes $210,- 491; Croatan Indians $1,420; white school houses $42,237; negro school houses $15,001; county superintendents $21,175; commissions to county treas urers $18,441; teachers' institutes 2, 200; boards of education $0,471; city schools $4G,35G; other purposes $40,744; total disbursements $930,891; balance on hand $105,655.. , The apportionment to the white schools is $575, 111, and to negro schools $220,894. The assessed value of white property is $240,71.3,000 and of neero property $8,980,000. There are 181,- 548 white polls and 71,744 negro polls. The amount acluillv r.aiJ for the schools by whites is $522,808 and by are are at- negroes $71,183. Of children of school age there. 406,787 whites and of these there enrolled 203,217. while the average tendance is 140,162. Of negro children there are 199,000, of whorn 127,399 are enrolled, and the average attendance i? 07,148. The average salary of white teachers is males $26 33 per month, females 23.05. of negro teachers males $22.53, females $19 70. The average length of school terms is for whites a trifle over fourteen weeks aad for negroes a little under thirteen weeks. There yet re main 715 log school houses in the State. it thus appears that of the white children 7-20 or a very little oyer one third, attend school, while of the ne groes almost precisely one-third attend. Taking the polls as a basis the average wealth of a white man is $1,359, and of a negro $126. The negroes pay almost $1 each for schools; again taking the polls as a basis the whites pay $607,000 for schools, the negroes pay $71,183. In othtr words the negroes pay about one seventh, w hile they are in proportion to the whites according to polls, as 7 is to 18; in other words a little over one-third in numbers. As to lira vrywnl Fences. It was a Maine grayeyard and the fence thereof was in a most disreputable condition. Some of the neighbors were trying to start a movement to refence the ceme tery, and it was meeting with general approval till the caustic wit of Darius Howard was aroused. "What for?" he inquired. "What's the need of fencing the graveyard? There ain't no one inside that wants to come out and I'm darn sure there ain't any one outside that wants to get in. So what's the use of a fence?" And the fence was not built till folks had ceased to chuckle over the thrust of Darius. Dentist I see that I shall have to kill the nerve. Patient For heaven's sake, don't ! Ic would ruin m9 in my business. I'm a life iusur .nee agent. The Schley home fund committee hopes to have a sufficient fund in hand on January 1 to buy a house for jffl Admiral in Washington. "Sweet Bells Jangled Out of Tune and Marsh." Shakespeare's descriptkm fits thou sands of women. Tliey are cross, des-1 pondent, sickly, nervous a burden to i themselves and their families. . The- J the bells, seem sadly out of t'rroods QVety there is a reuc Jy. They can usf -will be ftppre- r.taZlSlZZ'C 1 ; .. - I'mt: