Caucasus Oil Fie Ids
By H. IV.
T is not only the unending feud that divides Tartars and
Armenians into hostile armies which devastate the oil
fields from time to time, aud are constantly preparing each
other's destruction with batteries of quick-firing guns, as
they boast. Besides this central feud, there are numerous
fighting groups organized among the workmen and the un
employed. Asa rule, they take some political title, such as
"Social Democrats," or "Anarchist Communists," in the
hope of securing popular favor, and in some cases their
crigin may have been political and
But their methods are so simple and
a mistake to attribute the zeal of all
lor social reform. The manager of an oil-field receives a letter briefly ad
dressing him as "Parasite!" It bears the stamp of a group, and it demands
a definite sum of money on pain of death. . At an hour mentioned, the agents
ct the group call, and the manager almost invariably pays, entering the sum
in his ledger under the heading "ofllco expenses." If he refuses to pay, he
is quite sure to be shot, stabbed, or disembowelled within a day or two. Ii
ie attempts to betray the agents, all his family share his fate.
This pursuit of wealth on a basis of murder is conducted with such
"businesslike accuracy that the manager in due course receives a stamped
"balance-sheet showing the expenditure of his contribution. The items en
tered in the cash account are generally the purchase of arms and an assas
sination, ubt no vouchers are possible in such cases, and it is generally sup
posed that champagne and ather carnal delights ought to figure in the outlay,
1 am not sure whether such charges as to the misappropriation of involuntary
contributions are true or not, but where money Is so easily obtained the temp
tation must be considerable. In self-protection most of the richer managers
and owners Tia"e mustered gangs of hired assassins, each of whom is pledged
to murder at least one person named, if anything happens to Ms employer,
Seme go further, and publish in the morning papers the names and addresses
of those who will be immediately slain if they are murdered themselves, and
such advertisements give a new and varied interest to the local "agony col
umn." Harper's Magazine.
sgr"-- 1 . . The . . w4G
Place for Business Cares &
By H. J.
ON'T carry your office
hat off in the house. The man who brings his business
home with him is apt to find himself the inescapable victim
of the demon called Worry. He will worry and fret through
his meals, and is liable to suffer from the disagreeable habit
of lying awake at night. His wife and children if there be
any children in the world unfortunate enough to have snch
a father will find him more and more of a bore every day.
If a man carries his business in his hat when he goes
i D
to. the club his friends will soon steer clear of him. He will find himesli
lunching alone, with no companions other than his papers and memoranda.
To say the least, such companions by no means aid digestion. Business iq
a poor partner for a man's leisure hours.
You will see this workaday-all-the-time-man in the theatre scratching busi
ess memoranda on the back of his program, or figuring up his bad accounts
tm the table-cloth in a public restaurant. He will be dragged off to the
country by his family, who fully determine he shall have two weeks' vacation.
He no more than gets off the train than he seeks a long distance telephone
station and calls up the office. He spends the evening writing letters to his
employes, and telling them a thousand and one things to do which they
ould have trains enough to do anyway. The next day he sends a couple oJ
telegrams, and calls up the office again. Tho third day, afraid that the busi
ness by this time has gone to smash, he takes the first train to the city.
There is no rest for such a man. ust so long as he scarries his office
in his hat he will keep his hat on aUjJttme, and the cares of his business
press heavily on his mind. SomeJjriight to search him body and sou;
-when he leaves his office every nigt.and snatch from him every detail ol
business worry. ''''"
The Minister
and
The Banker
By the Ilea. William E.
WSiaV HI-) Congregational Church, r fei0i
UDGED by commercial
enough in common. They appear in different columns, if at
all, in the lists of Dun and Bradstreet. And it would be idle
to deny that the contrast goes further. Yet each is, in a
way, a priest. For has net every one noticed that solem
nity, that sense of awe and mystery, with which men enter
a bank? It is as if they said: "We are standing in the
outer court of the temple of the great god, money. Behind
this curtain of iron bars and plate glass and mahogany are
those who receive our offerings, and lay them on his altar, and who deign tr.
intercede with him fcr measured blessing in answer to our prayers and col
lateral." Bankers and ministers have very much in common. They stand
apart from all other professions as representing public confidence. If a banl:
fails it shakes public confidence more than if a dry-goods firm assigns, the
amount of liaiblities being equal. If a minister goes wrong it shakes public
confidence as the fall of a lawyer cr doctor does not. In the world of com
merce the banker represents what the minister stands for in the realm ol
tbics. Each is the exponent of an ideal; and each either exalts or degrades
that ideal. The banker who has held other men to strict account in the mat
ter of their financial obligations, the minister- who proclaims hone3ty and
Tirtue and spirituality, have need to tremble lest, having preached to others,
tntr themselves should become castaways.
I Hidden Mysteries
Ly Professor Pierre Janes, of the
Paris Sorbonne.
OPL'JLARLY speaking, a somnambulist is an individual whe
thinks aud acts while he is asleep. That definition is no?
very clear, for we do not really know what sleep is.
There is a first very important period at the moment
somnambulism begins the change from the normal to the
second state. All phenomena in connection with the drean;
Etem enormously intensified. The somnambulist has not
our du!-i memory of things, but he sees the objects ht
dreams and speaks of. He actually hears, feels, and touch
touches them exactly as if they were real.
When the scmi.ambuliEt speaks he has a fluency of language tnd ai
loqucnce superior to his normal powers. When he acts he has a precisior
and quickcijns that are wonderful.
vinson.
their aims may still be revolutionary.
so lucrative that perhaps it would be
their members entirely to enthusiasm
G2
Hap good.
in your hat, and if you do, take your
Barton, of the Oak park
standards, these two men have little
of Somnambulism
-J
J. W. KERN NOTIFIED
Democratic Nominee For Vice
President Accepts
REPLIES TO SHERMAN'S SPEECH
Kern's Speech is in Effect an An
swer to Sherman's Sherman Said
"The People Do Rule" Mr.
Kern Gives Many Instances Where
the Will of the People Has Been
Thwarted by a Republican Con
gress, Saying That Measures After
Measure Advocatci by the people
of all Parties Has Failed to Pass.
Indianapolis, In J., Special. John
Worth Kern, running mate to Wil
liam J. Bryan on tho Democratic
ticket, was ofiicially informed that
he is nominated to make the race
for the vice presidency. Big crowds
were here and an immense notifica
tion committee proceeded from the
Democratic heapuarters to the fair
grounds, where the ceremonies took
place. Mr. Kern's speech of accep
tance is in substance as i'oliows:
Mr. Kern's Speech.
Gentlemen of the Notification Com
mittee: For the kindily and court e
dus manner in which you have con
veyed to me the official notification
jf my nomination as the Democratic
candidate for Vice President of the
United States, and for the eloquent
words just spoken by your chairman
in your behalf, I thank you one and
all.
I appreciate most highly this great
honor conferred upon me by the
unanimous vote of the representa
tives of my party in national con
tention assembled, and 1 shall strive
most earnetly to earn a continuation
pf the confidence and good will man
ifested by that action. I did not
seek this nomination; indeed, if my
jwn personal desires had been con
sulted, another would have received
the honor, but it having come to me
without solicitation, I prize it all the
more, and accept it ,with a full sense
of the burdens and responsibilities.
As a candidate I shall try to wear
the honor worthily, and faithfully
as I can discharge all the duties
properly devolving upon me as one
of your standard bearers, and if
elected, I promise to serve all the
people of the republic by the con
scientious discharge of the duties of
the office.
It is plevfeing to ' me to be asso
ciated injn's campaign with the dis
tinguishetnjentleman to . whom the
standard of the party has been com
mitted. For years we have been
friends. I recognize in him a man
of spotless character and high ideals,
always actuated by patriotic motives
and an earnest desire to promote the
welfare, the honor and the glory cf
his country, lie became your can
didate because his nomination wa.j
demanded by the rank and file oC
the pnrty, which demand was empha
sized by a popular movement in his
favor, which as it proceeded, so
grew in volume and force as to be
come irresistablo.
The Republican nominee for Vice
President in his recent speech of ac
ceptance affected the belief that the
question, "Shall the People Rule?"
implied a charge of venality agaiisl
tho American electorate. lie alh-m-ed.
with grjii emphasis, that unde:
recent Republican administration the
people hae ruled without let or hii
dn:nce. It is passing strange that
in a republic like tuis there should
be occasion for a discussion of this
question. It s a government of the
people and by the people. They
presumably govern themselves
through their servants whom they
send to represent them in Congress
Their will, when known, ought to be
supreme, and should be given imme
diate effect.
Tho Will of the Peopb.
And if the will of the people once
known is not given effect then the
people do not rule.
Will any intelligent man claim that
there is or has been any substntiai
diversity of opinion in ibis country
on the question as to whether the
tariff duty on wood pulp used in the
manufacture of paper should be re
duced or removed. In this case the
tariff tax operated for the benefit
of the paper trust alone, allowing
that combine to levy millions of trib
ute each year upon the newspapers
of the country and their readers. The
press of the country, without regard
to party, united in demanding relief.
The people of the republic unani
mously seconded the demand. The
President of the nited States threw
the influence of his great office in
favor o fthe demand of the press and
the people. But all without avail.
The dominant forces within the Re
publican party had established in
the lower house of Congress a parlia
mentary condition, in the interest of
monopoly, under which the sole power
to determine whether a measure
should be allowed to become a law
or not lodged in the Speaker of that
body and his committee on rules, and
by the fiat of that one man the will
of the pres-, the people and the Pres
ident was set at naught. Behold, the
spectacle! On one side ' eighty mil
lions of free people demanding legis
lation to right an admitted wrong.
On tho other side, a few men engaged
in public plunder, aided by the domi
nating power within the Republican
party, represented by the presiding
officer of the once popular branch of
Congress. And the plunderers and
these unfaithful public servants pre
vail over the people of this great re
public! In this instance did the
people rule ?
Shall the People Rule?
The question "Shall the People
Rule?" is one which demands the
serious and earnest consideration of
all men who are interested in the per
petuation of our institutions. It must
be apparent to all who have followed
the course of legislation during the
past few years that there is a power
within the Republican party deter
mined that the people shall not rule.
That power has manifested itself
whenever effort has been made t
eheck the destructive work of uni
lawful combination, reduce the op
pressive tariff tax, or enact any leg.
islatiou looking towards the equali,
zation or lightening of the burdens
resting upon the people.
That dominant power which now
guides and directs the Republ'san
party, has on many occasions defied
the President in cases where he lias,
on the demand of the; masses, made
sporadic efforts in their behalf.
The question of tariff taxation is
one of vital interest.-' I am in hearty
accord with our platform declarations
on that subject.
Tariff Rcfcrm.
Every legitimate business interest
in tho country is demanding tarfl
reform. The manufacturer who is
not a monopolist is demanding cheap
er raw material and wider markets
for his products.
T.he workingman understands that
a restricted market means tireless
furnaces and enforced idleness. He
knows that American workmen, with
their superior intelligence and in
genuity, with their improved machin
es, with cheap raw material and
earning for their employers more
than twice as much as the laborers
of any other country, have nothing
to fear from competition with work
men anywhere, when the products of
their labor are set down side by side
in tho markets of the world. The
American workingman has had bit
ter experience under the operation
of the Dingley bill. Under the
shelter of this tariff wall, trusts and
combines have sprung up on every
hand and with extortionate prices
confront the consumer on every oc
casion when he seeks to buy the
necessaries of life.
Under this system the cost of liv
iug so increased as to absorb the
earnings of the laborer, after the
most rigid economy and self-denial
on his part and that of his family.
And it is a noteworthy fact when, as
an inevitable result of the fiscal
policy of the Republican party, the
panic of 1907 came, hundreds of
thousands of these American laborers
who were thrown out of employment, '
instead of being able to draw upon
the fabulous savings bank cacounts
so exploited in political literature in
recent campaigns, found themselves
and families in a state of destitu
tion. '
Tanner Pays Tribute.
The farmer understands that while
he has to buy everything in a pro
tected market, where, on nearly ev
ery purchase he is compelled to pay
tribute to the trusts and tariff benefi
ciaries, he is compelled to sell his
surplus products in a free-trade mar
ket where he comes in competition
with all the rest of the world.
The Democratic Remedy.
The Democratic party ,whilc favor
ing the reform measures repudiated
by the Republican national conven
tion, in large degree cut off the
streams of money which under the
present system are flowing from ev
ery man in the land and emptying
into the coffers of the trusts.
It would leave in the pockets of
the producers and laborers of this
land, every dollar of the money they
earn, save only such amounts as
may bo needed for the economical
administration of the government.
It would, by rigorous law enforce
ment strike down private monopolies
which prey upon the people, and to
protect the public against extortion
and imposition by the great public
corporations, whether by excessive
charges or by the over issue of stocks
and securities.
In other words it would undertake
to bring about in government, a real
ization of that good old Democratic
mixim of Thomas Jefferson, "Equal
and exact justice to all men; spec
ial privileges to none!"
It has no war to wage on capital.
It has no quarrel with corporation!
honestly capitalized to carry on a
legitimate business, according to law.
It will encourage the investment of
capital in the development of the
country and protect it when invested.
Stand Against Lawlessness.
It will draw a sharp line between
lawful business lawfully conducted,
and unlawful business, or business
carried on in defiance of law and the
rights of the public, protecting the
one, and protecting society from th
other.
Prosp2ct3 of Success.
Gentlemen, we enter upon this
campaign with ev?ry prospect of suc
cess. Never had a political platform
been received with such favor by all
classes of people, and never has a
candidate been presented by any par
ty, who was closer to the hearts ol
the people than our matchless stand
ard bearer, William J. Bryan.
We must and will win this battli
without the use of money or the aid
of corporate power. If our adversar.
ies so desire let them pursue thai
course.
But there are times in the life of a
nation like this when money and co
ercive influences are of no avail.
There comes a time, when tht
quickened "consciences of an enlight
ened people impel action, which
neither money nor influenco can
check.
That time in my judgment is here.
Let every man from this hour for
ward perform his- duty in a manlv
and honorable way.
Let this be a campaign of educa
tion and argument. Let our appeals
bo to the reason and patriotism ol
tho American people. Let us be vigi
lant and unceasing in honest work
for a righteous cause, and at glori
ous victory in November will crown
our efforts.
Bryan on Trust Question.
Indianapolis, Inch, Special. Wil
liam Jennings Bryan spoke here
Tuesday oil the subject of Trusts,
this being the second in his series
of speeches. He argued that the
policy of the republican party was
to foster monopoly, an! this resulted
in the worst form of socialism. Ha
claimed that the republican tarifJ
system tends to centralize wcaltli
and power and that popular govern
ment is in danger from a continua
tion of the policies republicans stand
for. Mr. Bryan was attentively
listened to by a largo audience.
Cats to ScEre Away Squirrels.
Three Easterners came out to the
Coast a year and a half ago looking
for a location, and the result of the
venture was explained . Thursday
night by H. J. Macomber, who arrived
it the St. Francis and registered from
Paicines Raneho. x
They have just completed a $25,00C
Jam a mile leng and nearly fofrty feet
high ,and the water for it is brought
throueh seven miles of ditches from
the Tres Pinos and the San Benito
rivers. But squirrels are the nest and
the menace, and a man with a gun
has to guard the dam to keep squirrels
from puncturing it and starting a
break. At the dam a colony of cats
has been placed to "hn.se squirrels,
and one of the mem Tias devised 9
great number of little crss , with
ribbons from the arms, and a cross Is
set at each sauirrel hole, so that as
the breeze blows the ribbons flutter
and when the snulrrel oomps up h
Is frightened away. San Francisc
Chronicle.
PROVIDING GREEN FEET
I wonder if those poultry raisers
vho have alfalfa or clover know that
the last cutting, or a cutting just be
fore frost, when the plants are yet
tender, if well cu.-ed and preserved,
makes the best kirn', of green feed for
chickens in winter? It exceeds all
other cuttiirgs As chickens require
something of this nature in winter, if
they are expected to lay, nothing bet
ter could be given them.
Cut the hay quite fine with a cut
teror if you have no cutter, it can
be shredded somewhat by hand put it
In a pall, and pour scalding water
over it. It is well to have a cover
for the pail, so the steam can be kept
In. Let it stand for a few hours until
It is well soaked, then mix with bran
and put more hot water over it, so
that it forms a stiff mass. Feed it
to the chickens while a little warm,
and they will eat it with a raving ap
petite. 'Such a mash fed two or three
times a week during winter will keep
the chickens healthy and the egg
basket full. Correspondent of Farm
and Fireside.
If a man should come tramping into
your parlor, besmearing the rugs or
carpets with the mud, slime and filth
that had adhered to his boots as he
worked in the sewers or walked in
the wet gutters, there would be an
exceedingly lively protest and a very
thorough cleaning after he had been
ordered out or kicked out. A re
eort to violent measures to get rid
of such an affront and menace would
be upheld by the courts and by pub
lic sentiment. And yet, remarks the
Newark News, just such a nuisance,
only more impudent and dangerous,
is tolerated in every house, with but
little effort to expel him or with but
indifferent protests as to his pres
ence. The common housefly is an un
mitigated thief and scoundrel, a filth
bearing, disease-carrying rascal who
does not stop at defiling rugs and
carpets and furniture, but who de
liberately and with intent sets his
dirty feet anywhere, even upon the
victuals you eat.
HAND-EMBROIDERED BIBS. '
Of course we want the daintiest and
the best for our precious babies, and
are always ready with willing hands
to make for them the prettiest accord
ing to our individual ideas of beauty,
but when it comes to that useful but
not poetic article of apparel the bib,
it is best to let common sense take
the lead. However, dainty and at the
same time serviceable bibs can be
made by first making one of heavy
padding, bound by tape and thick
enough to keep dry the warm flannels
and white dress beneath them. To
hide this useful 'but unornamental
necessity, make a cover of handker
chief inen, the edges scalloped with
mercerized cotton and a simple design
embroidered in the centre. Nothing
could be in better taste than baby's
own monogram, and it has the added
advantage of being easily done. Bos
ton Post.
PROFIT AT BOTH ENDS
"I accept all first contributions,"
declared the editor. "It's a paying
scheme."
"Why so?"
"The author buys many copies of
the magazine and nearly always
frames the cheel; we send." Kan
sas City Journal. i
g. Good Roads, g
Siberian Roads Better Than Ours.
Far in the rear of the other New
York to Taris racers, the poetical
Scarfoglio telegraphs that he is flying
after them over a plain decorated
with irises and along a road so
smooth and hard as to seem as if it
had been made especially for the use
of automobilists. Remembering vhat
troubles the men in the Protos and
Thomas cars had only a few days ago
in traversing that same plain west of
Harbin, it is difficult to avoid the sus
picion that the Italian telegraphed
one of his dreams of what he would
like to encounter, rather than the ob
servations of his waking hours.
However, weather does make a lot
of difference, and much more on a
bad road than on a good one, and
even if Scarfoglio did spread the irlse3
on rather thickly, and even if he did
slightly exaggerate the charms of his
boulevards in the Siberian wilds, the
fact remains that the leading contes
tants have made better time since
they started from Vladivostock than
they did in crossing the American
continent. It took the Thomas4 car
forty-two days to reach San Francis
co, the distance of about 3000 miles
having been lengthened, as everybody
remembers, by storms of all the kinds
there are, and by roads, near-roads
and no roads that illustrated every
fault any one of those varieties can
display when it tries its very
hardest.
The departure from Vladivostok
was made on May 22, and Tomsk,
which is at about the same distance
from Vladivostok that San Francisco
Is from New York, was reached by
the Protos on June 2 6. So that stage
of the journey was made in thirty
five days, at a rate of not much less
than 100 miles a day. Of course,
that speed is nothing for powerful
machines like these, and it shows
that delays have been frequent and
the roads wretched, but the progress
of the tears has been surprisingly
fast, considering that much of the
route has been through Siberian
wilds, where nothing more modern
than a two-wheeled cart was ever
see before.
Now the racers are getting into
lands comparatively civilized, and the
roads will get better and better as
they advance. Each day's run can
therefore be expected from this time
on to increase slowly, and by tho
time the Russian frontier is crossed
each twenty-four hours will count on
the score more than some weeks have
hitherto done. From Berlin onward
the only accidents to be apprehended
will be due to reckless speed. The
temptation to this will be strong, but
men who have gone so far may be
trusted to shun a smash-up with the
goal in sight. From present indica
tions two, and possibly all three, of
the cars now in the race will reach
Paris before the beginning of August,
a fortnight before their scheduled
time. The failure to traverse Alaska
and Eastern Siberia deprives thj? race .
of some of Its hoped-for glbrr,"bTttx
It remains a most remarkable jour
ney in some ways the most remark
able ever made by men. New York
Times.
No Mail on Bad Roads.
In order to secure good roads on
the routes over which rural carriers
deliver mall Fourth Assistant Postmaster-General
Degraw has issued a
new regulation that mail will not be
delivered on roads which are ' not
kept in good condition. Some time
ago the Fourth Assistant issued an
order requiring postmasters at rural
delivery offices to report to the De
partment the number of miles of road
covered by rural delivery from their
offices and the names of road officials
having jurisdiction over each sepa
rate section of roads.
Letters are now being sent to
these road officials notifying them
that rural delivery will not be con
tinued on roads which are not kept
in condition to be traveled with fa
cility and safety at all seasons of
the year. They are requested to give
attention to the roads as soon as prac
ticable. New York has IS 04 rural
routes, made up of 1629 miles of ma
cadam road and 39,352 miles of
earth, gravel and sand roads.
Autos Ruin Mncadam Roads.
Even the world famous roads of
France are becoming so seriously
damaged by the automobiles that are
constantly thundering over them,
that great alarm is felt lest they be
ruined, and an international congress
has been called to meet at Paris. Oc
tober 11, to discuss plans for saving
them from destruction. Our own
government has taken alarm also,
and the Bureau of Public Roads, Ag
ricultural Department, has issued a
statement in regard to the road-destroying
tendencies of automobiles,
saying:
"The1 modern fast-moving motor
car is the greatest menace to ma
cadam roads that has ever made its
appearance. On some stretches of
thoroughfare, especially In New Eng
land, where many broad and smooth
roads have been constructed, the re
trogression is not less than forty per
cent. If some plan is not speedily de
vised for overcoming the bad effects
the monetary loss will be stupendous
and the good work of many years will
go for naught." Indiana Farmer.
Good Work in New York.
Since 1S9S the State of New York
has completed 37S miles of improved
highways at State, county and town
expense. The State no whas 1034
miles of roads.imder contract aul
977 miles of roftds waiting the letting
of contracts. 4 i
Z