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3
"FOR GOD, FOR COUNTRY AND FOR TRUTH."
"VOL. XXV.
PLYMOUTH, N. C, FRIDAY, . JUNE 4, 1915.
NO. 49.
EXPRESS FINAL OEfllSli)
Note in Reply to American Demands Evades
Direct Answer-Majjv Questions,
Await Washington's- Answer.
ACTING IN SELF-DEFENSE
Reasons For Sinking Lusitania
And Other Ships Tone of
Reply is Friendly
Berlin. Germany withholds its final"
decision on the demands advatfSSrf
ytcfte United States Government in con
ynection with the sinking of the.Lusi-
.tatiia, .until the receipt of an answer
frpmthe United States, to the note
which Herr von Jagow, the' Foreign
t Minister,' -"has delivered to Ambassador
Gerard in reply to the American note
received by the German Government
oil May 15.
In its reply the German Government
declares that it is not its intention to
submit neutral ships in the war zone,
which are guilty of no hostile acts, to
attacks by submarine or aeroplanes.
that it is investigating the clrpum
stances in connectionjMth the attacks
on the American gamers Cushing
and Gulflight and pat in all cases
where neutral vissels, through no
..iaait or tneir own nave been dam
aged, Germany will pay indemmfica
- tion. .
The reply urges that in the case of
the Lusitania, which Germany alleges,
"was armed and carried large stores of
war munitions "it acted in justified
self-defense in seeking with all the
means of warfare at its disposition to
protect the lives of its soldiers by de
stroying ammunition intended for the
enemy."- . - - ". . - . -,
-The German Government recalls the
proposals submitted - by the United
State Government to Berlin and Lon
don, designed to end the submarine
warfare and the shutting out of food
supplies from Germany which, it de
clares, failed of their purpose because
of the refusal of the British Govern
ment to agree to them.
Text of Note.
The following is the text of the Gen
man note:
"The undersigned has the honor to
submit to Ambassador Gerard, ,the
following answer to the communica
tion of May 15, regarding the injury
to American interests Urough Ger
man submarine warfare.
"The Imperial Government has sub
jected the communication of the Am
erican Government to, a thorough in
Testigation. It entertains also a keen
wish to co-operate in a frank and
friendly way in clearing up a possible
misunderstanding which may have
arisen in the relations between, the
two Governments through the events
mentioned by the' American Govern
ment. "Regarding, nrstly, the case of the
-American steamers Cushing and Gulf
light. The American Embassy h&s
already been informed that the Ger
man "Government has1 no. intention . of
submitting neutral ships' in the war
Eone, which are guilty of no hostile
acts, to attack by a submarine or
submarines or aviators. On the con
trary, the German forces have repeat
edly been instructed most specifically
to avoid attacks on such ships.
Isolated Cases.
"If neutral ships In recent months
bave suffered . through the German
submarine warfare, owing to mistakes
in identification, it is a. question only
-of quite isolated and exceptional cases,
which can be attributed to the British
Government's" abuse of flags, together
-with the suspicious or - culpable be
havior of the masters of the ships.
. "The German Government in" all"
cases in whichfit bKst been' shown by
its investigation.? tiutf.a'nfeutra.ship,
not itself at fault, was" damaged ' by
German submarines or aviators, has
expressed regret over the unfortunate
accident and, if justified by conditions,
.has offered indemnification.
Cushing and Gulflllght.
"The cases of the Cushmg and Gulf
light will be treated on the same prin-'
ciple3. An investigation of both cases
is in progress, the result of which 'will
presently be 'ctynmunicated to the
Sinking of Falaba.
"When sinking, tne Britsh steamer,
Falaba the commander of the German'
submarine had ' the intention -of alkwtjU
Ing the passengers and crew a full
opportunity to escape. Only when; the
master did not Jpbey .the .order to
heave-to, but fled and summoned help
by rocket signals",-1 did the "German
commander fender the crew and pas
sengers by signals and "magapbone to
Jea&th& ship.'wlthin 10 minutes. He
actually allowed them 23 minutes time
and fire'd the torpedo only when sus
picions -craft were hastending to the
assistance or tne t aiaba.
Lusitania Disaster.
- "Regarding the loss of life by the
sinking of the British passenger
steamer , Lusitania, the German Gov
ernment has already expressed to the
neutral -Governments concerned its
keen regret, that , citizens of thefr
states lost their lives. . ,
; "On this occasion the Imperial Gov
ernment, however, cafinbtf escape- the
impression, that ;. certain - important
facts having a direct bearing on the
sinking; of the Lusitania may have
escaped the attention of the American
Government. .
, 'An Auxiliary Cruiser.
, "In the interest of a clear and com
plete understanding which is.Jhe ;aim-
of both Governments, the' Imperial
Government considers it first, neces
sary to convince itself that the in
formation accessible to both Govern
ments about the facts of the case is
complete and in accord. The Govern
ment of the United States .proceeds on
the assumption that the Lusiatania
could be regarded as an ordinary un
armed merchantman. The Imperial
Government allows itself in this con
nection to point out that the Lusi
tania was one of the largest and fast
est British merchant ships, built with
Government funds as an auxiliary
cruiser and carried expressly, as such
in the 'Navy list' issued by the British
Admiralty.
"It is further known to the Im
perial Government, from trustworthy-
reports from its agents and neutral
passengers, that for a considerable
time practically all the more valuable
British merchantmen have been
equipped with cannon and ammuni
tion and other weapons and manned
with persons who have been specially
trained in serving guns. The Lusi
tania, too, according to information
received hepe had cannon aboard
which were mounted and concealea
below deck's:) " '. ' :.'' '
Prizes . for Ramming
'. "The Imperial Government further
has the honor to direct the particular
attention. of the American Government
to the fact that the British admiralty
in a confidential instruction, issued in
February, 1915, recommended its mer
cantile shipping not only to seek pro
tection under neutral flags and distin
Spfhing rmarks, but also, while thus
disguised' 'to attack German subma
rines by ramming. As a special inci
tation to merchantmen to destroy sub
marines the British government also
offered high prizes and has already
paid suclj. rewards. ,
",The Imperial .government in view
of these iss,. indiibjtably known to
it, is unable to regard British mer
chantmen in the zone of naval oper
ations specified by the admiralty staff
of the German navy as 'undefended.'
German commanders consequently are
no longer able to "observe the custom
ary regulations of the prize law, which
they before always followed.
Carrier War Material.
"Finally the Imperial government
must .point out particularly that: the
Lusitania on its last tripf as on earlier
occasions, carried. Canadian troops and
war, mate rial, Including no less than
5,400 cases of ammunition intended
for the destruction of the brave Ger
man soldiers who are .fulfilling ' their
duty with self-sacrifice and devotion
in the fatherland's service.
"The German government believes
it was acting in'" justifie ! self-defense
in seeking pith all the i jeans of war
fae at jilisposition to protect the
lives of its, soldiers by destroying am
munition "intended for: tlu-. enemy.
uritisn .snipping - company
tempted deliberately to use the Uveal
of American citizens as protection for.
the ammunition aboard; and:: fected
against .the clear provisions ' of tfie
American . law which exprlssly ' pro
hibits the forwariifc of passengers' on
ships' carrying ammunition and 'pro
vides a penalty therefor. The com
panyvvtherefore, is wantonly guilty .of
the tfeath of so many passengers.
t, Tfiere ' can be no doubt,.' According
tbUhe definite report of the 'subma
rine's commander, which is 'further
confirmed by all other information,
that the quick sinking-of the Lusitania
is primarily attributable to the explo
sion of the ammunition shipment
caused by a torpedo. The Lusitania
passengers would otherwise; in ' all hu
man probability, have been saved.
"The Imperial government consid-
era the abAv,entionel facts impor
tant enough" to? recbmmend them " to
the . ettentlvxjjftlnajfoijj-,. of.. V.tfco
American governmlat. r'v . ..
-Basal ."jbepta'fcm. '".'''
..'f.Jppeijl ovgnmenf, .while;
withholding its "final decision, on the
I deih-inds dvafedin contttfgtiQn yitijth.
govern men tJtfeijUmpellea in- conclu
sion, to recall here and now,-that It
took cognizance-w&hr satisfaction of
the mediatory proposals submitted by
the United States government to Ber
lin and London as a basis,.for a modus
vivendi for conducting the maritime
warfare between Germany and Great
Britain. The Imperial government, by
Its readiness to enter upon a discus
sion of.. these proposals, then demon
strated its good intentions in ample
fashion. .. The realization of these pro
posals was defeated, as Is well known,
by the declinatory attitude of the Brit
ish government.
"The undersigned takes occasion,
etc.
' (Signed) "JAGOW."
Mighty Battles Raging., '.
London Around the great, fortress
of Przemysl a mighty battle is still
raging-.- The Austro-German armies
are making a supreme effort to cut off
tne stronghold andtfree these armies
for operations against Italy and the
Allies in the west.
Although great human sacrifices are
being made, progress latterly has been
extremely slow, as the Russians4 have
had time to bring up large reinforce
ments. North of Przemysl the Russians ap
pear to be more than holding their
own, but to the southeast the Aus
trians and Germans claim further
headway and now command with
their artillery the railway between
Przemycl and Grodek, which runs just
south of the main line between
Przemysl and Lemberg. From Lem
berg the Russians draw a large por
tion of their reinforcements.
British Tullochmoor Sunk.
Barry, Wales. The British steamer
Tallochmoor was shblled and sunk by
a German submiiine. The crew
escaped and . has ianded here, ..The
Genoa for South Shields.
-4- W
British Cajsjuity List.y,? gf.
'London Forty-nine of tWp. menM,
tne British battleship MajesficAv'eri&
lost when tne vessel was torpedoed
off the Gallipoli Peninsula May 27, ac
cording to the cas'ulty list.
Megantic Chased by Submarine. '
Queenstown. The White Star liner
Megantic, carrying many passengers
fruiii Liverpool to Montreal, was chas
ed by a submarine off the South Coast
of Ireland, but escaped.
Russians Have Over 600,000 Prisoners.
Petrograd,v via London. Prisoners
taken by Russian armies and interned
in Russia up to the first of April ac
cording to figures made public, num
ber 10,734 officers and 605,378 men.
Steamer Mackinaw on Fire
San Francisco The steamer Macki
naw is said to be on fire off Point
Reyes, 30 mile-s north of San Francis
co, iiie united states coast uuarcr
cutter McCullough is proceeding to
her assistance. The Mackinaw sailed
from this port for Portland, Ore. Xo
passengers are aboard the Mackinaw
Her crew consist? 40 men. ,Th
vessel Is not carrying a cargo. Later
reports said the Mackinaw was being
towed into the harbor at Point Reyes
by the steam schooners Speedwell and
Coronado.
Presbyterian Assembly Adjourns.
Newport News, Va. The fifty-sixth
general assembly cf the Presbyterian
Church of the South has enderl. the fi
nal session being devoted to the pre
sentation of committee reports. The
next general assembly will t,e held at
Orlard'o, Fl.i., May IS, 1CI.".. TI as
sembly fdopted a resolution for the
creation on Xovcml r 1'- .", tt -
IMPORTANT NEVS
Happenings of; This anil Other Nations
For Seven Dap Are -
' Given.'.
THE HEWS 0F THE SOUTH
What Is Taking Place in the South,
land Will Be Found in
Brief Paragraphs.
European War '
ngland has suffered still another
sevp.ffl foss in the "Dardanelles when
Klhe. battleship' Majestic waS sunk by
a Turkih,pr Gernan, submarine im
mediately following tije sinking of .the
(battleship Triumph. -The entire crew
of the Majestic was saved.
' ' Germany's -hote'-'to-tlie United States
has beenffSmd "by Baron von Jagow,
the . imperiar"; foreigtf'-'minister, and
handed to Ambassador Gerard for
transmittal to Secretary Bryan at
Washington. Germany "offers to tem
porize with America regarding the Lu
sitania, asking If that vessel carried
a cargo of war munitions, ''.r .J
Speeches bitter with invective:lsiVe
been uttered in the reichstag denounc
ing Italy as a traitor among nations.
Admiral Jackson has succeeded Lord
Fisiier,.. as first sea lord of the Brit
ish admiralty in the new cabinet.
Fisher resigned because of differences
with. cWinston Churchill, former first
lord of the admiralty." .,
Another British battleship, the Tri
umph, has been sunk in the Darda
nelles by a German! or Turkish sub
marine. All but six of the crew were
saved. This makes England's fourth
loss in the straights and the fifh to
the Anglo-French flet storming the
Turkish forts. The other sunken war
ships were the Brit.ish men-of-war
Ocean, Irresistible and' . Goliath, - and
the French warship, Bouvet. ,
The Italian campaign in southwest
Austria is continuing uninterrupted,
according to advices from the Roman
war office. The. Austrians have been
retreating before-lhe advance of their
hew enemy. . ' '
r The Nebraskan. an American own
ed steamship recently chartered to the
White Star line for several ocean
voyages between New York and Liv
erpool, was disabled off the Irish coast
by a mine. The steamer was empty
and carried no cargo. The entire crew
w4as saved- and the ship towed into
port at Fastnet.
England's new coalition war cabinet
has been announced by Premier As
quith. Lord Kitchener retains his
post as secretary of state for war, with
the assistance of David Lloyd-George
as minister of munitions. Winston
Spencer Churchill big been succeeded
by Arthur J.,Balfbur as first lord of the
admiralty. Churchill takes the post
of chancellor of the 4ihy of Lancas
ter, i
Italy lias suspended the parcel post
with all countries and notified the Uni
ted States that all'parcels se"nt to thajt
country will be returned to the send
ers.
jjispatcnes irom xjucnarest state tne
Russian battleship Panteleimoni with
a crew of 1,400, has been sunk in the
Black sea off the Roumanian coast by
a Turkish gunboat in a naval engage
ment near the mouth df the Danube.
The entire cre Is reported as lost.
Constantinople advices report a
land battle at the southern extremity
of the Gallipoli peninsula between the
Moslem and allied troops, in which
the French and English were routed,
leaving 2,000 dead on the field. There
is great rejoicing in Constantinople.
Germany is now busied with at
tempting to keep Roumania out of the
war. Bulgaria has declared she will
in no way interfere unless her own in
terests demand her entrance into the
struggle.
The Vienna pjfess denounces Italy,
Austria's former ally,. a3 treacherous.
A bitter feeling against the Italians
has spread throughout the dual mon
archy. Domestic
New York police in evening clothes
are watching the cabaret shows in all
the restaurants and cafes.
The diocesan convention of the Epis
copal church of the United States
adopted resolutions indorsing the ad
ministration of President Wilson and
pledging its support of his peace poli
cies. The United States warship, South
Carolina, put into port in New York
carrying seventy-seven survivors pick
ed up from the wrecked Holland-American
steamer, Ryndam, which was
jammed at sea by a trnmp steamer off
Nan-to.
I'omuT Preside it T;-f', i;i a "'-
Domestic ' '
- The Arizona board of - pardons com
muted the sentence of five Mexicans
sentenced to hang at the same time
and recommendation was made to
Governor Hunt that each hang sepa
rately. Leo Frank, Atlanta manufacturer
convicted of the murder of little Mary
Phagan, ar.d Jim Conley, the negro
who confessed he was Frank's accom
plice in the crime, were brought face
to face to testify in the suit brought
by'the nlifrtiered girl's mother to re
cover damages from the National Pen
cil company for her child's loss. Con
ley's liberation came on the date the
testimony was taken. Frank is sen
tenced to . hang. .
Mrs. Arthur H. Noyes of Cranston,
R. I., was electrocuted while holding a
telephone receiver t in t one hand and
the handle of a. vacuum cleaner in the
other, a short circuit being completed.
Eruptions of the Lassen Peak vol
catesMn Hat Creek valley, California,
have greatly disturbed the peace of
the settlers In that section in recent
weeks. Large lava flows have' poured
down the mountain sides and destroy
ed the farming lands..
Washington .
Following his conference with Du
val West, his personal representative
to Mexico, President Wilson. has an
nounced that he will serve notice, on
the warring factions in that republic
that his patience is exhausted and
that peace must conle, as the fighting
now is no longer for a principle, but
merely a test of supremacy between
leaders who wish to gain control of
the Mexican government.
Secretary Bryan has expressed
great gratification over the recently
signed triple - peace treaties between
Argentine, Chile and Brazil, and says
it is a step in the accomplishment of
his policy for a greater unity of the
western hemisphere.
President Wilson is deeply concern
ed over the reported disabling of the
American steamer Nebraskan off the
Irish coast. His course has not yet
been determined until he, received
full details and official information.
President Wilson has shown a sign
of restlessness over Germany's delay
in answering the American note re
garding the Lusitania Incident. .
"The Americas for the Americans,"
was the enthusisastic cry that domi
nated the Pan-American financial con
ference held in Washington between
the representatives of the twenty-one
American republics. The leading spir
its of , the conference were President
Wilson'and Dr. Santiago Perez Triana,
the deltefiiite from Columbia, who main
tained that the western world shall be
entirely independent of Europe. .here
after. : ' "
After a conference with Duval
West, his personal representative to
Mexico, President Wilson announced
there would be no immediate change in
the Mexican policy.
President Wilson denied the rumor
that he intends calling an extra ses
sion of congress in October. He said
he was crossing no bridges until they
were reached, and the rumor was pre
mature. Secretary Garrison ha! appointed
Walter A. Harris of Georgia to mem
bership on the national military board,
to succeed Major Harry S. Berry of
Tennessee.
Presideut WTilson has received Sher
wood Eddy, general Y. M.' C. A., secre
tary for Asia, who reported some of
the prevailing conditions in the pres
ent Jap-Chinese crisis. Mr. Eddy
states that Christianity is making
great . gains throughout the Chinese
republic and that 'nation is rapidly
awakening to play n important part
in, the . world's future history.
Foreign .
King Constantine's condition is re
ported somewhat improved, though he
is corfsklered ' ' tiy no means out of
danger. - A special arrived in Athens
from Berlin who feels .that an opera
tion may not be necessary.
President Arriaga of Portugal has
resigned. For some time grave fears
have been entertained of an attempt
on his life.
Two of the many treaties pending
between China and Japan have at last
been signed by the Chinese republic's
officials at Pekin. Great contention
will be noted in the next treaty, called
Group No. 5. ,The signed treaties are
said to be acliiowledgments of Japan's
withdrawal from certain demands
which excited the Japanese crowds to
rage in TpWyo who called Baron Kato,
the foreignjminister, a traitor.
Forty persons were drowned in the
shipwreck of the Chilean steamer,
Maximaimb, off the coast of Santia
go, Chile.
Holland iias protested to
ierynunv
about thfjinking of the Lu
a ail.
A t r: - 1 oe treaty Iji
tl
PRESIDENT SPEAKS
OF NATIONS UNITY
GREATER DAYS LIE BEFORE THIS
NATION THAN IT EVER YET
HAS SEEN
EULOGIES CF DEAD HEROES
President, Bryan, Daniels and Others
Speak at Memorial Services Held I
At Arlington. I
Washington. Eulogies of America's f
soldier and sailor dead were voiced .
by President Wilson, Secretary Bryan,
Secretary Daniels and Governor Willis
of Ohio at Memorial Day exercises at ,
.Arlington National Cemetery.
President Wilson, cheered on Li
arrival and departure and during hia !
address, carefully avoided any direct
reference to problems facing the j
United States. He was enthusaistic
ally applauded when he declared that
"greater days lie before this Nation
than it ever yet has seen, and the
solemn consciousness of those who
bear office in this time is that they
must make 'their best endeavor to
embody in what they do and say the
best things In the United States."' .vv
Governor Willis evoked applause.'
when he said "the President of the. -.,
United States is making a successful :
effort to keep us out of the broils of iLi
Europe" and a'dded, "now is the tima;-'.-.,',. .r
to keep cool, think carefully 'a.!?t-. ;
stand by the President. He and ":
, -.11 f lf Wjv'
waumei khow vasuy liiuits ui uui uci.-.,,
cate relations with European belliger
ents than the rest of us can possibly
know; let us hold up his hand in the
patriotic effort he is making in this
crisis." ., ;-. .
The President sat in the midst o-vs
veterans of two wars during the exer- ' ;.'
cises and uttered an audible "amen" f
at the conclusion of an invocation by '''
Bishop Earl Cranston of Washington,
who prayed that the Uflited- States,, ,
might be led aright in the present ,'
crisis.
VETERANS, GATHER IN CAMP.
Survivors of Southern Army Throng
, Richmond. .
Richmond, Va. Richmond on tho-
eve of the 25th annual reunion of the' -.
United Confederate, Veterans wa3
thronged with survivors of the armies
of the South. . Assembled around
peaceful camp fires, they paid silent
tribute to their departed heroes, con
trasting their contentment with the
turbulent camps and seething trenches
of Europe.
On scores of special trains the
Southern hosts poured into Richmond -?
throughout the day and night, the
old Capital of the Confederacy was
ablaze with light and her streets
thronged with cheering veterans and
reverent youths. Preliminary events -were
the memorial exercises for tbj"
Confederate dead, the dedication of
memorial to the Confederate women
of Virginia and the arrival of General
George P. Harrisan cf Alabama, who
has been designated commander-in-chief
of the reunion by Gen. Bennett
H. Young, who is detained in CleT
land, Ohio, by illness.
Following the regular memorial ex-
ercises in which hundreds of Confed
erate veterans from all regions of the
South participated, impressive cere
monies attended the unveiling of the
bronze tablet to Virginia's Confeder
ate women in Hollywood Cemetery.
The tablet was dedicated with an ad
dress by Judge George L. Christian
and unveiled by J. Taylor Ellyson
Crump.
r- j
For Sake of Humanity.
Washington. President Wilson in
tends to shape the course of the Unit
ed States in the international crisis
which has arisen so as to leave no
doubt abroad of the country's purpose
not only to speak,, but if necessary to
act, for the cause of humanity.
President Asked to Intercede.
Washington. President Wilson was
asked in a telegram from the Inde
pendent Order of Sons of Israel, at
Boston, to intercede with Georgia
authorities for commutation of Leo
M. Frank's death sentence.
Sunk by Mistake.
Washington. Ambassador Gerard
at Berlin has ten formally notified
that the American steamer Guliiighr
was sunk through a mistake of tho
German suVni iriro cn7rm)3Tuk'r.
issiar
C'-'.m
necessary, be supplemented by an in- I nuKt ha
: aware ;f -the clai
1 l."