fllfE
91X9 Ymw In Advance
FOR QOD, FOR COUNTRY AND FOR TRUTH -
Slngls Ooplee, Cotsts,
VOL. XXVIII.
PLYMOUTH, N. 0., FUTDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1918
HO. 23.
RUSSIAN ARMIES
ARE DEMOBILIZED
JOHN McCLAIM
GERMANS BUSH
PROFESSOR STOCKTON
GARFE1LD ENDS
MILLERSCiEi: IS
HELD FOR COURT
HEATLESS DAYS
TEN AMERICANS
;. , IftS-r I inn,
PEACE EFFECTED BY RUSSIANS
AND UKRAINE WITH FORMER
ENEMY.
RUMANIAN SITUATION CRITICAL
Formal Treaty Has Not Yet Been Sign
ed But Agreed Upon Contains
Provision For Getting Food.
Although no formal treaty yas yet
been signed between the Russians and
the central powers the bolshevik! gov
ernment has ordered a cessation ol
hostilities by ' the Russians against
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey
and Bulgaria and the withdrawal of
its troops from the trenches and for
tified positions from the Baltic sea to
the Rumanian frontier. It long had
been foreseen that such an outcome
eventually would follow upon the revo
lutionary movement in Russia, where
for nearly a year civil strife and war
weariness generally proved most po
tent .factors in weakening the battle
front. Long ago the enemy forces be
gan the withdrawal of troops from
this front, and virtually only a hand
ftrt of them have been faced by Rus
sians there.
Peace having been effected both by
the Russians and Ukrainians with the
Teutonic allies, the situation of Ru
mania becomes a most critical one.
Entirely cut off now from her allies,
the Rumanians apparently are faced
with the absolute' necessity of effect
ing a separate,; beace or being overrun
by superior enemy armies. Nothing
haa as yet come through to- show
whether another Rumanian cabinet to
take the place of the one which resign-,
ed last week has been formed or
whether any reply has been made to
the ultimatum of the central powers
that peace negotiation! should immedi
ately be started.
- As has been anticipated, the terms
of peace between the Ukraine and
the central powers ' contain the much
desired clause providing - for the im
mediate entering into economic rela
tions between the contracting parties
by which Austria and Germany may
obtain much desired foodstuffs.
NO PEACE UNTIL GERMANY
IS RECOGNIZED VICTOR
Amsterdam. Germany desires peace
hut before it can be attained her ene
mies must recognize that Germany
has been victorious. Emperor WiHiani
said in an address presented by the j
burgomaster of Hamburg on the con
clusion of peace with the Ukraine. The
emperor' reply as given in a Berlin
dispatch says:
"We ought to bring peace to the
world. We shall seek in every way to
do It. Such an end was achieved
in. a friendly manner with an enemy
-which, beaten by our armies, per
ceives no reason for fighting longer
extends a hand to u and receives our
hands. We clasp hands. But he who
will not accept peace but on the con
trary' declines, pouring out. the blood
of his own and of our own people must
be forced to have peace. We desire to
lire in friendship with neighboring peo
ples but the victory of German arms
must be first recognized."
ONLY TEN NAMES ADDED TO
THE LIST OF SURVIVORS
Roll of U. 3. Soldiers Aboard Tuscania
Not Reported Rescued Now
Stands at 340.
Waslngton. Only ten names were
added to the roll of survivors of the
liner Tuscania by dispatches to the
war department.' The list of American
soldiers who were on board the liner
and who hare not been reported sec
cued now stands at 340, although It is
certain that about 200 of these and
probably more are safe.
Eleven new name have been re
ported, but one of them, John M. Shor
ten, . of DeSobo, Mo., had appeared on
a Ilet of the saved previously cabled.
Ia many instances it S considered pos
sible that men still recorded as unre
ported have succeeded In getting pri
vate messages to their families.
U. 3. WAR ACHIEVEMENTS
MARVELOUS, SAYS M'GOWAN
Columbia, S. C, Feb. 11. Rear Ad
miral Samuel McGowan, paymaster
general of the nary, a South Caro
linian, in addressing the general as
sembly of State of South Carolina de
clared that the success of the war
department in meeting difficult tasks
has been remarkable. The few mis
takes made, he said, are far overbal
anced in the record-breaking accom
plishments. He said that the nary is
ready for Its work in the war.
Private John McClain of Dayton, O.,
member of the American expedition,
ry force in France, wearing the
French Croix de Guerre with the palm
warded him by the French govern
ment for saving 50 persons, when an
enemy aviator dropped a bomb In the
village In which he was billeted. Mc
Clain quickly picked up the bomb and
running to a nearby river threw it far
out from shore.
1917 FIGURES ARE COMPILED
!F RAILWAY INCOME CONTINUES
THE DECLINE OF RECENT
MONTH8
Earninas About $958,000,000: Near
Amount the Government Will Pay! the Americans battled gallantly unti
Roads in 1918 Will Cut Expenses 'completely overpowered. -
Considerable. The artillery duel in our sector
continued. Scores of airplanes were
Washington. Railroads In 1917 'put observing and making photo
earned about $958,000,000, which is 'graphs. The men in the line were
near the amount the government will thrilled by a number of air duels high
have to pay the roads this year as !in the sky over their heads,
compensation under national opera-j Artilleryman Killed,
tion. This was indicated by figures ' One American artilleryman was
on revenue, expenses and income of killed and five artillerymen were
all roads earning more than $1,000,000 J wounded by shell Are.
last year, available today in unofficial , The Americans sprinkled the enemy
computations based on interstate com- trenches with shrapnel all during the
merce commission repdrts for 11 !day There was considerable patrol
months and estimate for December, 'activity, but no further clashes were
The sum the government will have
to pay the roads under the bin peno
ing in Congress is estimated at $945,-
000,000 by Chairman Smith, of the
senate committee haring the railroad
bill in charge.
Figures for 1917 show that if rail
way income continues to decline as it
has - In recent months, the govern
ment will face a deficit in making its
compensation payments, augmented
by increases in wages and the con
stantly rising cost of materials and
supplies.
To Cut Operating Expenses.
On the other hand, the railroad
administration hopes to be able to
cut operating expenses sufficiently
and economize on charges necessary
only under competitive conditions, to
offset the declining income. The size
of these items, which will play such
a big part in railroad financing this
year, were disclosed by the latest com
putations. Compared with the estimated in
come of $958,000,000 last year, the
figure for J916 was $1,087,533,000; for
1915, $718,476,000; for 1914.: $693,330,
000, and for 1913. $816,510,000.
Total Revenues.
Last year the total revenues from
railway operations were $4,038,000,000,
and operating expenses were $3,861,
000,000, leaving a net revenue of
$1,177,000,000. From this were de
ducted $217,000,000 taxes, and minor
items of uncollectable revenue to com
pute the net income figure, which ii
compared in a general way to the ba
sis of government compensation.
These figures will be increased about
four per cent by addition of reports
from numerous small road haring
operating revenues of less than $1,
000,000 a year, whose records are not
included with the reports of stand
ard Class 1 roads.
TUSCANIA RAIDER IS
PROBABLY DESTROYED
Washington. Much satisfaction 1
found bv officials here in the unoffi
cial accounts of the destruction of t.h
British liner Tuscania by a German 'launched during the past week around
submarine which showed that a de . jCambrai and at other points is sug
stroyer, presumably British, gave ; treated as a possibility in the weeklv
chase to the raider and possibly sunk ,mllltary review issued by the war
her with a depth bomb. .department. So far, however. In spite
No details of the attack had com- of heavy fighting the department
from official sources They are awak- sys n0 actions of more than local
ed eagerly ( character have been recorded.
FIVE BELIEVED TO HAVE BEEN
KILLED WHILE FOUR OTH
ERS ARE MISSING.
BARRAGE FIRE RETURNED
Patrolling Soldiers Were Fired Upon
From Concealed Positions by Large
Numbers of Enemy Put Up Good
Fight.
Five American soldiers are believed
to have been killed, four are miss
ing and one was wounded, when an
American patrol was ambushed in No
Mans Land by a superior force of
Germans.
The spot where the encounter oc
curred is an isolated one and reports
concerning the casualties inflicted by
both sides are meager.
Only one American is known to
have escaped the trap of the Ger
mans, which was laid in front of out
wires. The one survivor, who crawled
back to the American lines with a bul
let in his chest, is unable to talk.
Our artillery immediately, laid a
barrage around the ambushing Ger
mans and some are believed , to have
ibeen accounted for.
The infantry ac-
counted for others, as it is certain
the attacked patrol fought to a finish,
according to information trickling in
from the front line, f
- Our patrolling soldiers were walk
ing in front of 'our'wire entanglements
when . a big enemy patrol that had
,been dirided" intp-parties which took
up- concealed positions opened nre
at close' range. The night wrs clear
and the forms of the Americans made
the best possible targets for the hid-
. den Germans. There is no doubt that
rep0rted.
RED CROSS GAINS
MANY NEW MEMBERS
Red Cross Adds Approximately 17,600,
000 in the Recent Big Drive.
Washington. D. C. Figures now
available on the Red Cross Christmas
membership drive show a total enroll
ment of 23,475,000, or 22 per cent of
the population of the United States.
Of this total the Red Cross had
about 6,000,000 members before the
Christmas drive started, so that the
gain from the drive was approximately
17,500.000 new members. The central
division of which Chicago is the head
quarters, leads the other twelve divi
sions of the country in the number of
new members enrolled Christmas
week.
By divisions, the gains were as fol
lows: Atlantic, $8,00,000; Central, 3,
000,000; Gulf, 384,000; Lake, 2,300,000;
Mountain, 276,000; New England, 670,
000; Northern. 685,000; Northwestern,
693,000; Pacific, 327,000; Pennsylvania.
1,600,000; Potomac, 250,000; Southern,
37,000;', Southwestern, 3,25,000.
From the fourteenth division com
prising all of the territorial insular
and foreign possessions of the United
States the new members added num
bered 48.000.
Unprecedented unfavorable weather
prevailed during the drive so that the
showing la . considered exceptionally
good. Final figures are not expected
to change the foregoing estimates to
any considerable extent.
One of the chief benefits anticipated
from the enlarged membership is the
addition of thousands of active work
ers to Red 'Cross chapters where sup
plies are being prepared for our army
and nary and the military forces aad
civilian population of the allies.
GERMANY'S OFFENSIVE
MAY BE APPROACHING
Washington. Development of Ger
many's long deferred offensive tn the
,wt Irom he reconnoitering thrusts
1 v
?jt t l
i l
r n
Professor Stockton f Houston,
Tex., has been appointed secretary
general of the American Red Cross,
succeeding Charles L. Magee, who will
remain with the organization In an
other capacity. Professor Stockton Is
brother-in-law of President Wilson.
SITUATION IS NOW ALARMING
COLDEST WEATHER IN A GEN
ERATION NOW PREVAILS IN
THE EASTERN STATES.
East Facing Most Aeute Coal Short'
age of the Winter May Consider
Two Four-Day Shut Downs.
Washington. With the east facing
the most acute coal shortage of the
winter and in the grip of the coldest
weather of a generation, the govern
ment decided that the hetleass Mon
day program cannot" at this time be
abandoned, as had been hoped.
The conclusion to continue the clos
ing was reached at a conference be
tween Fuel Administrator Garfield
and Director General McAdoo attend
ed by a dozen state fuel administra
tors. There was no official announce
ment, but a joint statement probably
will be given out.
There had been every indication
that the Monday holidays were over,
but reports brought to Washington by
the state fuel administrators that
throughout most of the esat there is
on hand but one day's supply of coal,
coupled with the weather situation.
were accepted as convincing proof
that the present is no time to lift
the closing order. Even Mr. McAdoo,
who up to this time is understood to
have opposed the closing plan, was
said tonight to have agreed that until
the weather permits n aimprovement
in railroad . transportation, the order
should be continued in force.
Blizzard Cuts Production.
The blizzard has cut coal produce
tion and movement to such an extent
that officials pointed out that even
had the Monday closings been aban
doned, industry would be forced to
close down to a considerable extent
because of a lack of fuel supplies. In
fact, reports to the fuel administra
tion showed that in many state plantj
already are closing ia large number.
It was emphasised that the fuel
administration is determined that
what coal, is unloaded and distribute!
shall go to householders first. State
fuel administrators have been given
almost unlimited authority to divert
coal from other consumers to keep
the people warm in their homes.
For the first time since coal began
to run short, fuel administration of
ficials admit that the situation is
alarming. Report after report came
In telling of cities all the way from
the Mississippi to the Atlantic with
but few hours' supply of fuel on hand.
WILSON TAKES UP
MATTER OF SHIPS
Ships Are Available to Carry Men;
Problem Is Keeping Them Supplied
Washington. President Wilson took
up personally the shipping problem
and, at a conference with Chairman
Hurley, of the shipping board, went
Into the great problem of procuring
tonmage for the movement of Ameri
can troops and supplies overseas. .
Every phase of the question was
discussed, including the progress of
the government building program,
plans for obtaining allied ships for
transporting soldiers and negotiations
with the European neutrals for ton
nage to release American vessels for
trans-Atlantic service. The president
was particularly interested in the
proposal to obtain additional ships by
reducing imports probably on half.
HEATLESS DAYS HAVE BEEN
ABANDONED IN EIGHT SOUTH
ERN STATES.
CONDITIONS UOST NORMAL
Improvement in Weather Condition
Causes Fuel Administrator Garfield
to Lift Order Roads Moving
Freight.
Washington. Continued improve
ment in weather and transportation
conditions will bring an end to the
heatless Monday program after its
enforcement Feb. 11, Fuel Administra
tor Garfield announced.
Suspension of the program immedi
ately in eight Southern States was au
thorized by Doctor Garfield after the
receipt of reports showing that higher
temperatures have relieved the coal
shortage in South to such an extent
that further closing is unnecessary.
The states are North and South Caro
lina, Tennessee, Georgia, lorida, Ala
bama, Mississippi and Louisiana.
Doctor Garfield was more hopeful
over the general outlook than at any
time for weeks. Although there is dan
ger of floods from melting snows and
consequent interference with traffic.
All places housing workers who are
members of the International Ladies'
Garment Workers Union were ex
empted from the Monday closing. Many
of them are working on clothing for
the army.
The first section of the closing or
der establishing a prefertnial lkt In
coal distribution and section ten pro
viding a penevlty for non-compliance
will continue to stand.
AMERICAN SHARPSHOOTERS
ARE GERMANS' MATCH
Dr. Von Seydler, Austrian Premier,
Has Resigned.
American sharpshooters on the sec
tor held by the United States forces
northwest of Toul on the western
front have matched their marksman
ship and wits against the skill and
experience of the German rifleman op
posed to them, and thus far hae had
the advantage. Enemy snipers have
been routed from their hiding places
among bushes in the hilly, wooded
terrain or in shell holes by the expert
fire of the Americans, and where the
rifle proved unavailing there was
brought into action machine guns and
light artillery which destroyed the
German shelters and made casualties
of their occupants.
Dr. von Seydler, the Austrian pre
mier, has tendered the resignation of
his cabinet to Emperor Charles, ac
cording to Vienna advices reaching
Amsterdam. Parliamentary circles in
the Austrian capital understand that
the cabinet's resignation is due to the
opposition of Polish deputies against
special debates and the provisional
budget. Dr. von Seydler informed la
bor delegations that it was the wish
of the emperor to end the war at the
earliest possible moment by an honor
able peace, and this declaration of the
premier was instrumental In ending
the strikes in Vienna
The Turkish foreign minister, Nes
simy Bey, speaking in the Ottoman
chamber of deputies Thursday, as
serted that Turkey was in full accord
with the attitude of Germany and
Austria as outlined In the recent
speeches of the German chancellor.
Count von Hertling, and the Austrian
foreign minister Count Czernln. In
regard to the Dardanelles, Nessimy
Bey declared that the strait would
remain open in the future to inter
national traffic "as in the past and on
the same conditions." This declara
tion Is regarded as Turkey's reply to
the provision in President Wilson's
announcement of America's war alms
which required that the Dardanelles
should be opened permanently as a
free passage to the ships of all na
tions.
PROPOSES TO STANDARDIZE
RAILWAY EQUIPMENT
Washington. Extensive standardiz
ing of railway equipment is contem
plated by Director General McAdoo
under government operation. He ex
plained that he expects the division
of finance aad purchase of the railroad
administration, headed by John Skel
ton Williams, to wrok out a number of
reforms along this line in co-operation
with railroad executives and manu
facturers of locomotives, cars and
other equipment.
DURHAM MAN CHARGED WITH
MAklNG SEDITIOUS REMARKS
GETS HEARING.
GOV. BICKETT TAKES A O
Says Germany Can Take Care of Hen.
self And Does Not Have to Go Off
to Have Clothes Made.
Durham. W. F. Mlllerschden, fora
man for the Durham Iron Worka, was
placed under $1,000 bond, and bound
over to Federal Court by United State
Commissioner Hugh Scarlett, follow
Ing his preliminary hearing" on a
charge of making seditious utterances.
Intended to obstruct the military al-
fairs of the United States. He dii
not give bond immediately, and is ia
custody of United States Deputy Mar
shall Stell, of Raleigh.
After a morning trial, that was at
tended by more than fire hundred peo
ple, and which dereloped one sensa
tion after another in rapid fire stylo,
the case of Millerschoen came to a
sudden close. It had been generally . ,
predicted that arguments would bs
made by counsel, but owing to late-
ttess of the hour, Attorneys Bryant
and Brogden, appearing for the de
fendant, waired arguments. The only
speeches to the court were made by
Attorneys Jones Fuller and J. W. Bar- c
bee, representing the gorernmaat.
They insisted upon a large bond. ' ;
Some Utteranecs.
"I wish they had burned the whole
damn place, and every other seaport
in America.
"T wiah florm an v vnuM liot halt
out of Encland. and make neace with
im! ; i
"Did you go to that damn pow wqsr ;
last night?" (referring to a local pat- '
rlotic deomnstration.)
"Before I would let a son of mine ca
off with that damn bunch, I would kill
him," (speaking of the soldier boys
learing Durham for camp).
"Germany can attend to her own
business. She doesn't have to go away
from home to have her clothes mads,"
(speaking of comparing governments).
"If they take me to war, they will
have to carry me in chains."
These and many other disloyal ut
terances were charged against the de-
a lrnu. i j v. ,
icuunui iuiimritcuueu, ill vno prBUfU-
inary trial by numerous government
witnesses.
The stage setting for the trial was-
peneci. i ne court room was nuieoi
with citizens from every walk of We.
Working men, millionaires, lawyers,
physicians and women were present.
Ladies of the Red Cross occupied naif '
of the gallery.
J. P. Dalton, an employe of the Gold
en Belt Manufacturing Company, was
the first witness for the gorernmeat.
He said he had known Millerschoen
for sereral years. He had on numbers
of occasions discussed the war with
mriif. . . .
xrinieiBcuoen, ana prior 10 me entry
of the United States had been pro-German
in his views, as was the defend
ant. After,the United States broke oft
diplomatic relations with Germany,
they disagreed. He said Mlllerachoen
would start heated arguments about
the war, after the breaking of rela
tions. I would tell him that hs djda'fc
mean what he said. "Yes I do, I iaeaa
every damn word I say,- the witness)
quoted the defendant as saying.''
taken a hand in the trial of W. F. Mil
lerschoen, foreman for the Durham
Iron Works, who was bound over to
Federal Court under $1,009 bond , by
United States Commissioner Hugh
Scarlett, charged with making sedi
tious utterances which, according te .
the warrant, intend to Incite riots and
ninaer tne prosecution or the military
and naval war against Germany. The
Governor has written a Durham citi
zen interested in the prosecution of
Millerschoen, and encloses a letter
from a Raleigh citizen throwing fur
ther light upon alleged seditious ut
terances of the Durham machinist.
Home for Fallen Wamen.
Charlotte. The idea ,tv44 been ad
vanced that a house ' for delinquent
girls might, in some way, hs attached
to or incorporated with the he use of
detention for fallen woujen, which is
to built in this county. The city com
missioners and members of . the board
of county commissioners discussed the
matter at a meeting at tha city hall
E. T. Cansler, attorr-ey for the coun-
aniI
flty,
present and save thefr 6-i-wfest
fou'-i. be done.'. "
lous