f-h
?in
??t?
A Woman of th? Sudan.
<*r?p?r?d br t?l? N?tlon?l Oxizrmphlo So
'v. \ oltiy. \V..bln*ton, D. C.)
TJie suggestion. pleasing to the
^KKgyptlans no doubt, that Great Brit
ain abandon the Sudan an she had
gtten up .claims to Egypt, has brought
?!; ?orth the British AtHtenient th?t she
, ? will continue :to consider the Sudan
?n# of her Important African protec
torate.
? ' ""he Sudan has for a long time been
Sd upon by the outside world ns,
&gKt, of appendage of Egypt*. Such
-tqepflons have had . to he somewhat
nmped' since 7 the : British apron-.
'?ng? were cut ftym the old land of
Pharpoha nifil the Sudan has stood
* to a greater extent on Its o#n
islblllty. This In a thinly peo
lund. of amaalng distances. ' Ton
go south, from the Egyptian fron
^lx hunA-ed tulles by rail hefoM
get to Khartum.' From there
feouth, yon can. go another ' thousand
r mjles oB- a flat-bottomed, paddle-wheel
' ?s*1"' ^?mer before yon reach the
boundary of the Sudan,
almost on the edge of the
es, aid- a third of the way
0, the Cape of Good Hope.
Unless you refresh your memory by
a look ;>t a map of. Africa you ate
IBUJy to overlook the fact that the
Saltan ;has fi seacoast. South of Egypt
it tufa across eastward to the Ilex!
sea nnd extends along that bodyi-pf
water for, some 400 mllea ? Britain la
? , by no means dependent <on Egypt to
furnish n door to this huge African
realm. Two ports have been devel
oped qn the Red sea. Port Sudan and
, Sauk In, and bpth are connected by
modern railway facilities with hUn
- dfeds of miles of the rich Nile 'valley
including Khartum.
The White Nile splits the Sudan for
nearly 2,000'v miles from south to north
and Is navigable the year round above
Khartum.
The Blue Nile nW down from the
AhysKlnlan lillls an^J Joins ,t\ie nutlB
river at Khartum^ farming an apesr
?J cslted the Gezlreh or "Island.',' "nils
?ast flat. Island la the grandry of the
Sudan. I
It Is in the' northern part '.of this
, Gezlreh that the new Irrigation proj
ects are being undertaken: Engineer*
- say land is the cheapest thing In the
Sudan. Water is abundant, but labor
.J* scarce. ??????. --
Supplies Cgypt With Food.
Egypt depends mainly on the Sudan
for Its meat supply, and thousand* Of
acres of land hare been put ander
. pomp Irrigation to provide food crops
for Eaypt, whose people, as one lnvea
?y tlgator said, cannot subsist on b*nk
notes and cotton.
81avery, once so common along the
Upper Nile, has been largely put down,
Mtcept, perhaps. In the remoter re
i arlons. The country Is almost treeless,
especially north of Khartum ; the few
trees found ore mostly fpecles of
acacia, known locally as thf?samr.
Sorfth of Khartum, to about 12 de
grees north, narrow belts of sunt trees
(anothorisort of acacia) line the banks
?f rivers. This sunt-wood 16 prized
for boat-building, for tanning purposes.
; , and Is much used for fuel.
Farther south, on the White Nile
j Wbfre there Is more rain, forest
I . growths lnc? ?ase, and over In the Blue
.Nile country the giant baobabs (Adnn
sonla dlgltata) and the Sudan ebony
(Dalnergla melanoxylon) are found.
.? 7"he Nile, of course, saves this re
glon also from becoming an empty
waste. Historic and Important as this
river Is, Its sources were for centuries
shrouded In mystery. Early geogra
phers advanced various odd theories ;
soo>c said the Nile and the (iatiges
rose In the frozen mountains of north
Asia, and other Imaginative folk de
elared It catnc from 'The Y -untalns of
fhe Moon."
? On Its coprsc through the Sudan the
Nile Is Joined by the Bahr-eMlhnzal.
the Sobst. the Blue Nile and the At
fcara. The Bahral-Ohaial flows out or
the vast, mysterious sudd swamps of
the west; the other three-'streams run
down from the east, bringing the drain
age from the Abyssinian hills.
l'v' Sudd Swampi Arc Curious.
In all Africa there is, perhaps, no
greater natural curiosity than this fa
mous sudd (Arabic for block), a 3ort
of vast floating island of reeds, papy
rus and small plants In the marshes
"formed by the lower reaches of the
Bahr-el-Jebel and Bahr-el-Ghaznil.
British scientists "have estiiuuted the
sudd area at 35,000 square miles. One
(?writer says r "To the eye the effect 1*
one of a vast extent of brilliant green
papyrus, feathery reeds and sword
grass, five to twelve feet above the
water, broken by occasional patches of
light ambach trees, with channels of
'water, pools. anil lagoons dotting the
awampscape, > and here and there a
sparse tree or two -on the horizon.
. . . In the more, southerly parts qre
found many varieties of game. Of the
larger species, elephant, giraffe, buf
falo and many sorts of antelope are
seen, whilst the hippopotamus is ex
cessively numerous. From the reeds
and mud banks arise clouds of wild
fowl ? crane, geese, storks, herons, bu?
tard, pelicans, spoonbill, Ibis and duck
?of every description."
In the rainy, stormy seasons, (and
when the rivers have risen) these float
ing Islands frequently change posi
tions; here and there nreos become de
tached from the main body and travel
about, driven by the winds, often
blocking the river's channel as ait Ice
floe might do.
Eately, spurred on by the world's
paper shortage, scientists have been
giving attention to the vast pap.yrus
accumulations in the sudd, with the
hope of evolving some practicable
method of paper manufacture.
So mixed is the native population of
the Kile banks In the Sudan that It lias
been nptly named the "Negro Pot
pourri." though some ethnologists con
tend that these blacks are not really
negroes.
Probably the Nubians, geographical
ly and physlcully, ore the real link be
tween Egypt and the negr? land.
Though Moslems for centuries, they
have kepbrthelr own dialects.
Something About the People.
The richness of the Nile valley hns,
century after century, lured so many
Invaders tnto It that today a veritable
babel of races and tongues Is found
there. Apparently, the Moslem re
ligion hppeals strangely to the wild
tribes of north Africa, and millions
have adopted It. Many are carelessh
called Arabs because they are Mra
lems, or because they can speak Arabic,
or becriuse they wear a picturesque
makeup of town Arah and Bedouin
garments.
"Invasion, however, Is not the only
disturbing element," a British military
report says. "The natives of tile Su
dan-even when they have adopted a
more or less settled life, are srent
travelers; traffic In human flesh and
conquest for the sake of human flesh
have nowhere been pursued so long
and so thoroughly. The native changes
his abode without hesitation, anil his
love of strange tvoroen Is passing Solo
mon's.
"The real Arab appears to dominate
the northern part of the Sudan, from
Egypt to Kordofan, though he has no
where exterminated the original Inhab
itants ; he has in many cases not yet
succeeded In forcing his own language
on them, but he has Intermarried free
ly with them, and the resulting mix- |
ture calla 'tself Arabian. It Is an old ]
saying In Egypt that you can't tell ?
Turk of the third generation from n
native of the Jille country."
The Sudan, say the Egyptians. Is an
Integral part of Egypt ; but It was con
qnered, misgoverned and lost hy sue- I
c^ssive khedlve*. and for year* and
years It was exploited by Egypt for
Ivory, gold and slaves B"th soclolly |
, and ethnologlcally it differs from Egypt.
MAKING GOOD IN
A SMALL TOWN
- ? ' . ' ' * %
Real Stories About Real Girl$
By MRS. HARLAND H. ALLEN
++-K++++i4++++++++^+++T+-M:
<??, 1934, Wektern Newspaper Unluii.j
INSURANCE SELLING AS AN
INCOME SOURCE
(
*1^HK girl who bus been successful
since childhood In "persuading peo
ple to do tilings" li ms the faculties
which shu can cupHullze In selling In
surance. l''or the power of persuasion,
plus the art of .uttentlon, comprises
the science of salesmanship.
So a small-town girl who succeeded
In selling me an accident policy gave
me to understund, in a conversation
subsequent to the transaction.
"It'B-the girl who's always b^en able
to "talk people around' ; who always
got the best of It when she 'swapped
Clothes' with her sisters? that's the
girl who should sell insurance," she
declared. "No girl should take up the
tyork unless she likes to sell; unless,
In minor, everyduy ways, she has al
wuys been successful in selling."
In other words, the Insurance agent
must, paradoxically, be. successful be
fore sh? even starts work.! Now, for
the girl who believes she Is nlrendy
successful in selling . Insurance Is un
luvttatlon and an opportunity. She
does not need to maintain, ab office;
she does not need ' to keep regular
hours; she may devote her full time,
or only part of It, to (he business; she
may ?MSliy be successful with only a
common school education ; und she has
at her disposal any one, of a number
of kinds of Insurance which she rauy
choose ? life, Hccldent, fire, .hall, tor
nado or lightning.
The prospective agent should decide
her special line of business with con
sideration for the type' of community
In which qhe lives,' as well -as her per
sonal Inclinations 'In the matter. She
should cultlvute a "line of talk" ault
able to the Jype of Insurance. While It
Is u business proposition. It . has a
great deal of sentiment connected with
it? for most people think' of It as a
protection to thoso dear to them.
.The first octuul step forj the pros
pective Insurance saleswoman to take,
after preliminaries are settled. \ls to
select a, company and get the appoint
ment as agent. She should consider
the local "styles" In companies, and
connect with. a concern that Is already
favorubly known It) the locality.
Since the Insurance saleswoman's
Income Is almost' always on a commis
sion basis, it depends on her own abil
ity and industry. Then, too, the busi
ness* tends to bUl)d Itself up. since
each policy holder also "has a friend
who has a friend." Then, the renew
als. Many of them are utmost auto
matic; und will give to the saleswoman
a truly "effortless Income."
MAKING FLIES THAT FOOL
THE FISH
pp VERY fisherman knows* what ev
?~/ ery fly maker should know ? that
a fish scoffs at un unftaturul. wooden
looking. greatly over-size imltation?of
a fly. A certain small-town girl kne*r
that, and now she Is "making good"
by constructing little files which real
ly fool the fish.
This girl happens to live In a village
where bass fishing draws many trans
ient fishermen. But she declares (hat
she "doesn't know n thing" about fish ;
and that sheudliln't know a thins ahflUt
files, either, jtlll she set about to leurn.
Therefore, she Is sure that any a'fl
can make fish tiles.
"You don't need any specialized
knowledge to take up artificial fly
ntuklng." sl\e assured me one after
noon when I visited the little work
shop where she makes her tiles, "and
you don't need any capital. All you
need Is patience, and a desire to do
the work ' well. Yet the lousiness Is
very specialized and extremely well
paying."
This girl learned her business, first
by examining her father's fishing
tackle; and. second, hy consulting
public library books on fly making.
Disserting one of her father's tiles,
she found that Its construction was
quite simple.
Constructing these lures for fishes
Is one of the best occupiitlnns for the
girl who lives In a town where flshlng
Is popular. She need? only to have
a willing mind anil skillful fingers.
She has none of the difficulties of
the girl who sells vegetables or eggs,
neither must she take her wares Into
a large city to dispose of them. Her
market Is right in her own fishing vil
lage. ami U is practically sure to he
a good one. Most every fishing vil
lage. no matter how small, boasts h
sporting goods store, and of course Its
specialty Is fishing eqiipment. The
girl fly maker can si-ll her handiwork
to this store, and can. In many
cnses. secure a yearly ??oatrjit f.ir
her ware*. She ran sell her tiles dl
rect to the sportsmen, too; and there
will be a ready sale nmon: the fisher
men if she sells them belter flie? than
they usiial'.v net. j>erha*>? at slight l>
lower prices. It l?n't likely tlKit her
output will ?'X iH-.l the il-taar.d richt
In her own town. Hut If it <!????*. ?;-.e
may nupplem -nt her h . a- ?n'e? '>>
get tins; a <i>n:r.i i Vr her will
the sportinr gi??|? su;v>'j !e?::se ir
a nelgbb.ir'.ng c|r\,
finding a mrir'-ei w 1 n??i
the girl fly maker who <-a*i <-.ew:ru,
s fly ?<i Ins-'.iii? uni llf?'.V?" i
will make any tls'.i rt>'?i li * I'le
HW Daddy's
04 Evei\ii\?
Fairy Tale'
^y^ARY GRAHAM DOiHNER
>T..., . ?<orr>i6t? ?f mi iltr. niyi/ahi gfrtp*, .? ..
BUMBLE BEE WORKER
Little Mrs. Bumble Roe was very
prettily dressed In it golden und blaclr
dress.
It was it lovely dress und the sum
mer sun shone upon It and made it
seem us though she had dressed In her
best In Jiouor of the heuutlful summer.
True, the summer hud almost gone,
but still the days were summery. They
were warm und pleasant, and still
many (lowers were to be found.
For a long time to come tliere would
be (lowers, too. Oh yes, It would be a
long time before Jaclt Frost und the
Frost Brothers came around.
Little. Mrs. Bumble Bee was not ex
travagant, She only had one frock
but she k<?pt It looking pretty and
fresh and nice.
She always dressed prettily, too.
?>ay oftjer day you could see her look
ing her very neatest and saying to
herself: %
"Buzz, buzz, why should I go about
In an ugly old dress and make every
one think i; didn't cure about the way
I looked.
"I don't bother to fuss a great deal,
but enough. Yes, enough."
So little Mrs. Bumble Bee flew about
the meadow. ? She was very happy.
The sunshine made her feel so warm
and the freeze was gentle and pleasant^
Bdt above all there was so much
delicious honey In njany of the clovers
still. . ' '
Oh. she had ' had an unusually de
lightful meal.
But she said tills after each time
Sihe had hlTd a clover feast!
The mendow hjid a great deal of red
clover In It., Much ot It was a new
crop, planted quite late In tl)e season.
And Mrs. Btpnhle Bee was enjoying It.
Then, too. she was working, y Oh,
she was working ever* as she played
and even ns she fite. ~
In that way Mrs. Bumble Bee was
very cle?er, For moBt of us most
work hard while we're working and
can't be playing at the snme tlipe.
,Few of u? would try to work dur
ing play time if It was not necessary,
or unless, we ^-ere nbl? to do some
thing so nice that It was like play
and worit mixed In one.
And none of us could eat nnd play
and work pit at the same time as Mrs.
Bumhle.Be? could do.
In fact she could do even more than
this. She ' could do double work, we
almost might sny. ' . < 1
She could enjoy her feast and It
was like playtime to be flying about
over the red clover, sipping of the
r
1
Mrs. Bumble B?s Was Enjoying It.
sweetness of the many little clover
heads, flown which she thrust her
long, useful "tobguu.
Then, too. she could be gathering
honey und she could. In that way. be
doing u great deal of usefal work for
the family.
) But she wub doing double work be
sides.
JSlie was helping the farmer. For
she was the or.e who Kent from clover
flower to clover flower and helped to
see that in>re clover sprung up.
Mrs. Bumble Bee did Just as excel
lent work as the gardener does when
he plants .seeds In a garden bed.
She went from clover flower to clo
ver flower, saying: .
v"Soe wlmt I've brought. Knough
for more clover to spring up here,".
Oh. she wolfed hard and she did a
great deal that was so useful..
Now and again she heard tin unkind
speech made about her ? some one
would say ?ll.? had a mean way of
stinging.
But that was not quite fair. She
only would do this ?s a means of pro
tection. 5:1ip vould not sting any one
unless she was bothered or annoyed.
She was rwil',.v a delightful Utile Mrs.
Bumble Bee end as she went about the
cl.'ver Held tl.e little clovei* heads
lifted up their he-id* to her and said:
"Pome, little Mrs. Bumble Bee,
come and have some of our sweet
ness ? we are a>: devoted to yo.i as you
are to us !"
Riddles
What never biles with Its teeth?
A comb.
? ? ?
What Is that which the more we
?ake from It the larger It grow*.
A hole.
? ? ?
What Is a button?
A small event thai Is always com- j
ng off.
. . .
Why have pianos ?nch noMe char
icters?
Becnuse they are grand. uirl?*v
square.
HOW TO KEEP
WELL
? 1> ? -
Dr. Frederick R. Green,
Editor of "Health."
(?. 1924, Western Newapwper Union.)
WHAT EVERY WOMAN
WANTS
C* VEItY woman wants a good com
?*-' plexion.
Everyone can not be beautiful be
cause beauty Is made up of many fao-^
tors. , ,
If your nose Is Irish Instead of
Grecian, you can't change It. If your
mouth Is too large, It can't he helped.
vRut you can make the best of the
face that God gave ypui If you have
beautiful .features, so much the bet
' ter. If you haven't, you can at least
have a beautiful skin.
There Is no other one Item that la
so Important for attractiveness and
good looks as, a' good complexion,
neither Is there anything to which
the average woman devotes so muct)
time ?Qd money. I ???>??
Witness the business done by beauty
parlors and the widespread advertis
ing of fatlal creams, bleaches and
'powders. ? <
But a' good s complexion Is like
health. You can't buy It In a' bottle.
The skin Is the largest organ lh the
bfady. , iu,Wl!l be good. or bad. attrac
tive- or repulsive, Just In proportion as
the body Is clean and healthy.
Much can be done by Intelligent
care and effort to' Improve yottr com
plexion and to make It as attractive
as possible. . a
The most Important factor In se
curing or preserving a good com
plexion Is good digestion. The woman
who eats the wrong kind of food, who
Is unable to digest her food, or whose
body Is saturated with poison absorbed
from the Intestinal tract will have a
thick, muddy, oKy and unattractive
skin, no matter how n}ucl) she may
spend on external beautlflerg.
No one can have a clear, fresh 'skin
without a .plentiful supply of good,
Clean blood and (his can only he se
cured by good digestion and elimina
tion.
Proper diet Is the first essential.
The *romqn who eats highly sea
soned,, Hcb foods, heavy desserts, and
quantities , of candy can not have a
good digestion. ? ,
Aslmple diet of moderate quantities
of meat, plenty of well-cooied '"vege
tables and cereals, an abundance of
.fresh fruits, and above all, plenty of
'pure water. 1* necessary for a good
digestion and thorough elimination.
This means self control .and ,qelf
denial, but the result la worth the
price, '(not only In a beautiful com
plexion. bnt also In better health' and
well-being. ?
J
? ? ? i
TYPHOID FEVER ^
? l
TYPHOID, fever has been for Cen
turies one of the most dangerous
diseases which afflict man. It was long
confused with typhus fever and ma
laria. People still thlk occasionally
about "typho-malarlal fever." As the
farmer said about the giraffe, "There
ain't no such animal." The two' dis
eases are entirely distinct.
Typhoid fever Is caused by a little
germ or plant, the typhoid bacillus.
Every typhoid germ comes from the
discharges from the kidneys or bowels
of someone who has had typhoid. The
germs can originate In no other way.
So typhoid fever Is very appropriately
called a\ "fllth" disease. ?.
How do the germs enter the body?
In dirty milk or dirty water or
through food contaminated by flies or
by dirty hands.
The germs always get into the body
through the mouth. After being swal
lowed. they pass through the stom
ach into the small Intestine where
. they grow just as plants grow in a
hothouse.
The germs tn growing produce a
poison or toxin, which causes fever,
delirium and, In severe cases, death.
Man Is the only animal susceptible
to this disease.
We know oil ( about typhoid fever,
it Is entirely preventable.
Every case of typhoid fever Is due
to someone's Ignorance or careless
ness. One health authority has said
"For ? every case of typhoid someone
should be hanged."
How can we prevent It?
By using only pure water. Drink
no water from snrface wens wnere
seepage or drainage from outhouses
or cesspools Is possible.
Practically nil our large cities now
supply pnre- woter so typhoid fever;
today, is largely a rural disease.
if you ure npt sure your water Is
pure, boll It for twenty minutes and
then <-ool It.
By using pure milk. Protect the .
milk from dirty water. Sterilize nil
cans or buckets by steaming or boil
ing.
If In doubt, pasteurize t!.e mlik by
beating It for I wen t \ iu. nutes to Hj
degrees K.
By protecting food of nil klnls from j
files, which carry the typhoid germs j
on their feet. Thi? proved at i
Pomp ' "hlckomaiica durln; the Span
ish-American war
Hv protecting fei d from con'nmlnn- |
tlon hv dirty hnnJ? Ws<!i your t an?s j
hefnr" eiitlng. >"*? that ill' Ifrioie wtio
handle > cir food have hands
If e\erv'hlig w'lich s"< Into your
mouth Is clean, yu will ne\er have
typhoid fever.
EftST?
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uuin?x?VW *Z -^^Tbe best ot
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Say Bay s you s? ?*?
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mU\??nS 04 yeats.
siciatvs ^ - /^cccpt otd? -
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"eti directions
sssi--" CczoBia
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