THE FRANKLIN I RESS. FRANKLIN. N. 0.. WBDXKSDAY. OCTOIiER 24, 1906. NUMBER 43, VOLUME XXI. OVER THS ALPS LIES ITALY. I "Over the Alps lies ItalyK ' Thus spnke the warrior In days of old, Chei-ki-d by those mountains whose hoary llftaUS Of the centuries' wars with the ele ments told. . ' I Little lie recked of the danger or fear That hidden 111 glacier or pau mism . b: ' Boldly hla voire rang out, and clear -uvei- ine Alps ilea Italy: I Deep la the meaning those few word! noia, ljffprwr than rarelMut avrs may aee. I Cheering us onwanl, whate'er betide -uver the Alps lies itaiyr Youth reads the words "and bright eyes nnRh, ; . Thinking nf all the future hrlnas! All heart can wish fur of honor and fame. Of love and Joy and earth s Deauuiui , things. Oh, the world Is fair and life Is sweet. And deep In youth s heart is a woru- But hla spirit leaps forward, the future to greet . "Over the Alps lies Italy!" Manhood comes on fas years depart: Heavier enre. nnw nnnrefut the SOlll: The work of the world must be done each day. And all too swiftly the seasons roll. Poet and pnlnter. merchant and priest; Nobles and men of low degree. They strive and they struggle, from greriteRt to leant For "Over the Alps lies Italy." God grant for us all, when the time shall come , That our weak hands drop the burdens tht'V henr When the words we hnve spoken, the deeds we hnve done, Are remembered only as things of yore. That when we shall enter that new, strnnpe sphere Where no thought of time or of change ahfill he. We may find all we labored and longed for here Over death's Alps our Italy. Eleanor Jenkins. Once upon a time the Queen of all the Peacocks was seized by a desire to learn how to sing. Never In all the annals of the kingdom, had there been born Into the royal family anyone who could do aught but scream, but not- Withstanding this, and the fact that her own voice was worse, If possible, than any of the others, proclamations Were Issued to the effect that an In structor was wanted, to teach the Queen of the Peacocks the art of singing. " The town-crlera of all the cities of the kingdom called It aloud, embas sadors were sent to distant countries to proclaim It, and if possible bring professors back with them, and, as the remuneration offered was a very "b eral one, singing masters came from far and near. But the Queen was very particular. One was by far too ugly, one was too fat, this one's eyes were not of the right shade, and that one's nose was much too long: so that out of all those who came flocking to her gates, there were only nrty-nme wno pieasea ner. and these she let try her voice, each In his turn. One declared her rivaled only by the nightingale. Another was sure that In six lessons she would be able to sing the most difficult operas by heart, and a third nronounced her possessed of vocal powers unlike any be had ever neara. So the Queen set to work practis ing trills and scales and arias, operas, madrigals and serenades, but at the end of a term of lessons from each of the flftv-nliic Instructors. It was still impossible to dlstl:..,iitsh the trills and arias from the hoarse screams In which she had Indulged before. Whereupon she caused them all to be thrown into prison. At last, one day, there arrived at the Kates of the citv a wanrierina min strel, who. having heard. In his travels of the Queen's desire, resolved to trv bis luck. "Art willing to attempt to teach me tne art or singing after so manv have failed?" asked the beautiful Queen, as the -minstrel knelt before her throne. "It means Drlsnn for then if thou dost not succeed." "Majesty," he said, "I can do naught but trv. and I am most wllllni In dn that!" and. havlnsr bowr-d low. he struck a few chords on his lute. The Queen rose from her throne, and. opening her rubv Una. she uttered one long. Piercing note. The none mln. Strel staggered back and dronned his lute In horror. "Ah,rt cried 'the Queen, in anger, i i . , i . . .A wuai is me uie&uing 01 maw inou hast not ever the crane of tha other fifty-nine! Off to prison with him!" End two Sturdy warders srnanaH tha poor minstrel, one on either side. "Your most gracious majesty." he gasped, "give me but leave to ex plain, and of a surety thou wilt not be harsh." "Speak, then," scowled the Queen. ' "Oh, gracious sovereign," he began, ir i i . , i nugoicu iu wuuuer at sucu volume and richness of tone. I dmnneri m lute, as a worthless thin whan i heard thy voice, and if thnn nwMit but grant me leave to com no a um. suited to thy wondrous cnnliu amt ability, not only would I be the most grateful creature In all the world, but thou wouldst enable me to hanit ri. to posterity a work which nn nna aiu ever couio or ever win he hia in ai . r"-ts-." Tne yiieen i lace once more assum ed Its benign exnresslnn. I Brant thy request,, Sir Minstrel. but remember, if this vannrat m-v does not please our fancr. further. more, is not nnlahed in twantv-fnur hours, thou, and the other flrtv.nlna instructors now languishing h hv shall diet I am weary nntn riaath nf you am uor- ana with a wave of her lily hand, she sank 'back on her lor. geous inrone. The two sturdy warders conducted the minstrel to a narrow Invar Where the batS and tha unMara ha iuugDeen tne only occupants. There they left him, with nothing but a cup of water to cheer him, and the mem ory of the sound of tha key turning in the lock for Inspiration. He lost no time in examining bis quarters, but spent the rest of the day and part of the night arranging a song, which sounded lftte nothing so much as the hoarse notes screamed by the Quesu thm she had attnn-; '.1 to sing. The Sixtieth Instructor; Ey Ysabel DeWitte Kaplan. Over and over again ne twanged the notes on his lute. Over and over again he tried to sing them. At last, tired out, and satisfied with his effort, he lay down and slept When at last he awoke, the sun was high In the heavens, and the gaoler was pounding at his door. "What ho, thero!" he called, undo. Ing the lock. "Sir Minstrel, art awake? The Queen awaits thee!" Hastily swinging his lute across his shoulder, he followed the gaoler into the royal presence. "How now, Sir Minstrel," said , the Queen, as he bowed low before hor, "hast succeeded with thy song?" And all the Court leaned forward eagerly. "Most beauteous Queen," he an swered, "barken to my song; and only a voice such as yours can sing it," and with a bow which bent him double, he struck tho opening chords upon his lute, and began to sing. So like the Queen's own voice did It sound, that all the Court gazed opon-mouthed at one another, and she herself leaned forward in amaze. "Sir Minstrel," said she, "that song can I surely sing, and rising to her feet, she opened wide her Hps, and poured forth note on note just as tho minstrel had, but so like, and in such harmony did he accompany her upon his lute, that before the day was over, every man, woman and child In the kingdom had applied to him for lea sons. The Queen was beside herself for Joy. "Sir Minstrel," said she, "thou hast made me most happy, for there Is no one so miserable as a woman who can not do what she wishes. Stay and share tho Peacock kingdom with me." "Majesty, thou hast done me indeed a great honor,- and gladly will I stay with so lovely a Queen. But one favor must I ask " "And that Is?" smiled the Queen. "That no one, save I, In all the kingdom, be allowed to sing my Bong." "Granted," said the Queen. "Now that I know I can sing" here the minstrel smiled (with happiness, of course) "1 have no further desire to waken the echoes with warbling." And so, after giving orders that the other fifty-nine Instructors should be set at liberty, the Queen and the min strel were married, and the sixtieth In structor became King of all the Pe. cocks The Criterion. NOW PINEAPPLE CLOTH. Not Alone Valued as a Fruit Is This Exotic. One day recently, while on a shop ping tour, some very beautiful silky looking material was admired very much by one of the shoppers, who was Informed by the saleswoman that the material was "Plna Cloth." She had a very beautiful gown made of It. Upon Investigation It transpired that "Plna Cloth" was made from the fi bers of the leaves of the plne-applo. In Manila, girls and women are ar rayed In this material on special occa sions, and It Is said that their weddlns; gowns are often made of It. Many species of the pine-apple leaves yield fiber that can be spun like flax when bleached. A very fine muslin can be made of It and the very finest handkerchiefs. In some parts of Mex ico, China and Africa, the fibers aro used for cloth, cordage, fishing nets and ropes. In the West Indies a sort of liquor Is made from the Julco. This Is call ed pine-apple rum, and another de coction is used as a medicine for fo vers. From experience It is known that the Juice of the plne-applo is an ex cellent remedy for sore throat, and It has even been used in cases of diph theria. One way of serving the fruit on the table for dessert is to cut It tin fine with a cole-slaw cutter and sugar it freely. It is more appetizing than when merely sliced, sb sometimes, when In slices. It Is very tough. Some fine specimens of pine-apples have been grown In Horticultural Hall and In the Botanical Gardens of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania, Pine-apples are sent to us In large quantities from the West Indian in former times, when transportation was Slower maji it is now, the fruit was looked upon as a great luxury. In most of the marketB last week the most luscious pine-apples were dis played at very reasonable prices and could be purchased bv the nonr. A great many come from Florida. The plants are raised there under sheds to guard against frost Thev are also grown In Hawaii and the Pacific Is lands, in India, tropical Africa, and large quantities In Mexico. There are many species of pine apple, which differ from one another In flavor, Just as do various kinds of apples or other cultivated fruit. Phil adelphia Record. Thatched Roofs In England. ' "The thatched roof, which makes the English cottage picturesque, is doomed," said an architect. "For some years It has been going gradual ly. Soon it will be altogether a thing or. tne past. "Fire Insurance la tha ennsa nf the thatched roof's disappearance. No company Will insure a cottage or its contents if ths roof is thatched. They Who want insurance miiar miiuitiriita for the roof of thatch a tiled bne.' : As long as the English cottager re-' mains very poor so that hi. h mi act an1 furniture are not worth insuring, he seeps a thatched roof over his head. "AS SOOn aS he be&-n tn nrraner anA lays In household goods of value he takes out a fire policy and away then goes his thatched roof." Lnnisviiin Courier-Journal. Most Unklndest Cut With reference to the humors nf country ''society" renortlns-. Mr Mat. ville Stone, of the Associated Press, tens of the account of a wedding pub lished in a Kansas paper. , The story, which described the mar. rlage la the usual flowery adjectives, concluded with this surprising an nouncement; "The . bridegroom's present 'to the bride was a handsome diamond brooch, together with many other beautiful things in cutiilass." ir.r. per's Weekly. . CtrK-TW.. .in rrsst fBlrlmISm!&.-. isl ft ia i fl 1 m JsjrHsy- .. er.. i s , , sfi- j Green Crop Fertilizers. Every farm can be improved In fer tility, even when manure Is not used, by turning in green crops. The proper system is to use fertilizers when the manure Is Insufficient, but any farmer who will plow under a grcou crop every year, aud use lime on tho laud, will gradually enrich tho soil. Poor Sheep Fences. Tho Bheep are good friends of the farmer, but If they are confined within poor fences they will bo anything but friends, and will generally turn out to be a full-fledged nuisance. They will not only aggravate tho neighbors but will aggravate their owner as well. A little time spent on a poor sheep fence can generally be put in at good profit. The Witness. The Fence Corners. The farm on which the fence cor-, ners, and strips along the fenc "3. aro kept free and clear of weeds might not be possessed by an extremely prosperous farmer, but most certainly he is an Intelligent one. The man who can see the value of such things as these Is ono who has the gltt oftentimes acquired of looking a lit tle way into the future. Tho old say ing that "a stitch In time saves nine" hardly applies to this because of the fact that a weed that Is killed before Its seeds mature saves thousands, and in some cases millions, of tho seeds which that plant would have produced from being distributed by the elements in ull directions upon the farm as well as upon the farms of your neighbors. New York Witness. Straw for Fodder. Iu the event of a short ha. crop, horses may he made to fare well on either wheat or oat straw, or both. The straw should first be cut, the chaff then wet, and bran and mid dlings added to It. There Is more value of nutriment In sixty pounds ot bran than In a bushel of whole wheat. The reason of this Is because the bran contains the larger part of the pro tein of the grain, and that is worth two and a half times as much as the starch of It, which is mostly contaluetl in the grain and very little of It In the bran. As the same holds true ot middlings, they are likewise about equal to bran In value. Accordingly, when these can be bought at reason able prices, there Is In many respects no more economical method of keep ing horses thun on cut straw. Fred O. Sibley. To Dreak a Stable Kicker. Tho best means Is to give him a sand bag to exercise upon. Fill a grain sack half full of sund and swing It up to the celling with a rope so the sack will hang Just where the hceln of the horse will have good play upon It. Tie the horse iu tho stall with a good strong rope and let him kick. At the first kick the hag will swing tiwny and return giving the horse as good as ho sent. For the next tow minutes there will be a lively mlxup between the horse and sack, but the suck will hold Its own, returning all It receives with Interest. The horse, In bucking against the real thing, will soon come to a realization of the fact, and Will be thoroughly cowed. Ltuve the sack be hind htm for a week or so, and then remove It. If he even shows a ten dency to get Into his old habit of kicking, give him another punch bag to exercise with. Joshua Humble. Sheep Notes, As a lumb is perhaps the most tllffi cult of all animals to recuperate after once stunted, it pays to keep thrifty. W.00I is a product that does not take fertility from the soil for grain growing. It does not take such a lu.ge sum to buy a flock of good grade ewes, while a thoroughbred mutton ram does not cost anything at all, as his lambs will bring about one dollar per head more in the market than the lambs from a common ram, while the similarity of all the lambs' fleeces both In staple 8i.d weight would cause the fleeces to bting ft much larger sum of money In the wool market than you get of a common ram. Therefore, on lambs baaed from a pure-bred ram there Is enough clear gain over and above those from a common ram to pay for c thoroughbred yearling ram, as 'the male Is half the flock, how extremely unwlBe It Is to use a poor male. Mutton breeds of sheep do not de pend on waste lands and hillsides lo become profitable. Good sheep re quire good pastures, and pay well. Wool Is simply a product of the sheep, and no farmer can make sheep pa who depends on wool only for his profit. , To make early lambs grow, provide a pen into which the Iambs can go but which restrains the ewes from en terlng In the pen. Place a pan nf ground oats and let the animals help themselves; the ewes! should also be fed on ground oats. The Epltomtst Corn as a Feed- for Hens. On the average farm, the cheapest ration is usually corn, and I know of nothing the average hen will prefer for her mainstay In col Weather, Under ordinary farm conditions, the hen is cheaply wintered when she has just corn enough to keep her in good flesh a Utile fat, but not overfat and ready to hunt the barnyards' over oh mild days for any waste grains from other farm stock. In her com supply should be Included all the moldy and damaged ears, for several reasons. First, she takes It, a grain at a time, and so need not eat any that Is totally unfit, as other anlipsU may do, Sec ond, some - observers have thought that their hens actually did better on damaged corn than on sound grain, probably becauso of Its softness, and since even the damaged grain Bhould be put to some use, the hen which is on a maintenance ration should have a fair trtal as to hor ability to get more out of it than animals to which it is evidently distasteful. It may some times happen that some other grain, or even Bomo nitrogeuous substance like skimmllk, may bo available and even cheaper than corn, and In this caso winter eggs may be laid whether or no, and if so, will be had at tho greatest percentage of profit. The rolnt la that the average farmer cannot afford to buy nitrogenous foods to stiniluate egs laying under tho condi tions which normally Biirround him In winter. The hen which has had enough corn, but not too much, Is usually in good shape to give a large and profitable egg yield as soon as na ture gives thp hint by sending up the first blades of grass, or even before. Correspondent Country Gentleman. Selection and Care of tho Cows. In selecting cows for the farm or dairy, choose those with a good milk and butter record. The best Is none too t and you will never regret the &.ift money It will cost to get cows of the best type. Just which breed to select, is a question that must be decided by the purchaser, and It will depend largely upon his location and the dairy product he desires. But, whatever breed is selected, let the In dividual animal, be of tho best. The poorest Investment that can bo made Is buying poor cows. They will never meet your expectation, nor give satis faction, and you will condemn the cows, when the fault lies with your self In purchasing them. Dispose of your poor cows and begin again with good stock. The poor cow seldom brings any Inconle to the owner, for as a rule, she more than eats up the profit. The Bame' will apply to all classes of stock, but fnore to our cows, for we spend more it'iie and labor on the.h-' Quality is of viTartniportance, ami tho farmer should select the -best and keep his herd up to a high stand-' ard. Too many farmers do not appre ciate the dltferenco between good and poor cowb as they should. In select ing the dairy cow, look for dairy points, find out about her ancestry, and learn If she was started right with the In tention of development along tho dairy line. While a good cow must combine the points mentioned, yet it will re quire careful attention to feeding, milking, wuleilng, salting and neat ness and cleanliness to be successful. It. would bo well to keep a record of the milk yield of each cow, and have the milk tested so that you will know what each animal is doing. Another great point Is kind treatment. With constant scolding and whipping, any co'v will fall In quantity of milk. A cow will not give down her milk to one she dislikes or Is afraid of, and the milker lioulil not lie changed of tenor than Is absolutely necessary. There should always be a friendly feeling between the cow and milker. No cow likes rough treatment, which is Inhuninn and cruel; no man Bhould allow such treatment. Do kind and putlent with the cows; It will pay. E. L. MorrlB. Cost of Feeding Hens. During tho last week In January I weighed all the grain and other kinds of feed my flock of 205 chickens con sumed, and estimated Its value at what might have been outlined for It in the local market. Although the ag gregate sum amounted to more than ono who had never Investigated the subject might have expected, yet for each individual It . was surprisingly small. I selected this particular time because I was then feeding only ma ture stock, and because there wis then nothing to be obtained from out side sources. For these reasons I ex pected to be able to make a fair esti mate of what it cost me to keep my poultry during the winter. The re sults quite agreed with those obtained from former estimates based upon similar investigations, and I felt Justi fied In computing the entire year's cost therefrom, Of rye I fed 30 pounds, which was then worth 45 cents per bushel; of oats 76 pounds at 25 cents per bushel; wheat 20 pounds at 60 cents per bushel; soft corn 1 bushel worth 35 cents, and ground feed, 20 pounds at fl per 100 pounds. I also ted a generous' quantity of, ground- bone and chopped vegetables, besides what skimmed milk they would drink every day, which I esti mated at 10 cents per 100 pounds. - Altogether, the total cost for the week was about $1.65 for the 205 chickens, or about 4-5 of one cent for each individual, or a little less than cents a month, which, at the same rate, would amount to something near 45 cents for an entire year. This esti mate seems Incredibly email, but in reality It is dtill too large; for -during the Bummer months the flock obtained enough from the range to materially lessen the cost of their maintenance; yet, as little as it cost for one, It must have cost me for the 205 at least 180 for the salable grain they consumed. Well, suppose It did cost you ISO In cold cash to feed 205 chickens one year. That Is only 39 cents each per year. Suppose it cost yon 80 cents a year to feed a hen, If she lays only 150 eggs In the year, it half of them anl laid between September 1 ' and March 1, as they should be, her eggs will bring you 83. Household Realm: The Baldwin Locomotive Works, of Philadelphia, turned out 2250 locomo tives In ths year 1!W'5. ife Philosophy of a Gildecl Youth uy ivuson jntzner. v (He married ihe middle-aged, mil ionaire widow of Char!c T. Ycrkf s.) IME belongs to no union. Ho never goes on a strike. While we sleep our enemy Is ever at work. Sooner or later ha .... .... ..II t t, ..I ... J,... ....... I ,y.n, I (U 1) 111? aSBSSrSSK BLB U9 Ull. iJUtt 13 U1WUJ-S a UI3UJlJUllll.Ull(l. lb " - I practical Joke. I f Work! Dou't speak of It. It is the poorest excuse of If 1 an occupation I know of. No one ever got a snapshot at me doing manual labor. I hate work like the Lord hates St. Louis. But why should I work? I never committed any crime. Ugh! I wouldn't mind getting up at 7 In the morn ing. But if I had to I couldn't I'd He awake all night long thinking about It. Work is a curBe. 1 can't understand people making such work out of pleasure. There's this skating rink fad in New York. It's too much effort And I never could understand a man's going to a dance with four collars In his hat extracting pleasure hopping around and perspiring. I'd get operated on for anything that would make me energetic. The Ideal state of existence Is rest. Sleep and food; then food and sleep, and then reverse tho process. Be sure It's light, then go to bed. The sun Just lulls me to sleep. People take me for a clothes-rack; a namby-pamby Jackass; a peaceful baboon who wouldn't raise bis hand to help a fellow, capable of only the most elementary knowledge, two Ideas being an unlawful assemblage. Dress is a secondary consideration with me. I'm a perfect slob. I only go around so the health commissioners won't complain. As for money, I don't care for that either. 1 have always made a lot, but I never can keep It. If I had $8 at the end of a year I'd break out In a rash. ft M M His Japan's Trade Invasion of Europe By Major 'Gen. Sir Alexander Tulloch. OMB fifteen years ago, when there was a possibility of the manufacturers of warlike stores being' too busy in England to supply what we might require in Australia, I got our minister of defense In Victoria to try what Japan could do In mnblnv rltlna tn atiAplnl nntternn. We sent a cadet's H rifle (Francott) and I derfully short time II tha anma nrlnn -a quite equal to the Wilkinson for 1 each Just one-third of our contract price for tho same article from England. In articles of ordinary use, such things as cricket bats and tennis racquets made In Japan are In Australia cutting out similar articles made in Bnglantt Last summer, when In the Highlands, I was Informed that a consignment of Japanese-mado nail-brushes similar to English ones ha.l actually found Its way to a town In the east ot Scotland. I found Japanese boots made to measure when I was In Yokohama so good that I now get my boots from Japan by parcel post. The material American leather and the make are both excellent; the price, Including car riage, Just one-half of what I have hitherto paid for similar boots In Loudon. ' " ft ft ft ft How to Limi Fortunes 1 By Professor James Walter Crook, ' of Jimherst ORTUNES may be consitered as swollen beyond healthy limits which yield from ,V000,000 to 820,000,000 a year. The methods of relief sometimes proposed arc uu arbitrary limit to the amount an Individual may accumulate; pro gressive taxation of Incomes, and progressive Inheritance taxes. Where should the limit be drawn? The limitation Is repressive and Is meant to be so. It would put a pre mium upon relative Inefficiency and deprive society of the advantage of beneficial enterprises. A progressive tax on , E Incomes high enough to accomplish the purpose aimed at has the same dis advantages. There Is left the progressive tax on inheritance. As a tax meas ure aiming at revenue, 1 approve of It. It Is easily collected. As a measure to-limit fortunes, however, It seems to me moro doubtful. To accomplish tho purpose the rate must be very high. A tax heavy enough would Involve a problem of administration. Even so low a rate as 30 percent would mean a tax of $15,000,000 for every estate of $90,000,000, and there are now many for tunes of that size. There are said to be fifty men In Pittsburg alone whose fortunes exceed that amount, and In the case of some well known fortunes the tax would amount to upward of $43,000,000. The greatest objection Is the encouragement which the heavy taxation of the weslthv wtu give to extravagant public ex penditures. ft ft ft ft n Demoralizing Effect of Money By Walter Beverley Crane. HE first and most conspicuous of the moral Influences of money, as they are developing themselves in our actual so ciety, Is a consequence of the undeniable but prodigious fact that most rich people are radically convinced that to be rich Is in Itself a merit ' 81 It Is amaslng, but It is so. II ' There are persons ot this description who positively JI acorn other people because they ate not rich, too: who look upon dollars as the erty as a condition of low Inferiority, if not, indeed, of absolute degradation and disgrace. It is deplorable, but ,tt la so. '- To ask such persons, men or women, to believe that their money is noth ing but a mere accident a simple hazard of tha same ot life, w5uld be like telling them that two and two make five; they could not comprehend It the allegation would surpass their understanding. Of course, your plutocratic readers will laugh and quote Voltaire: '"It is more easy to write about money than to hare It; and those who have It laugh at those who can only write about it." - t Tea, It Is laughable, and It la so. , Annoying. Mr. Gardner Well, dear, How are the tortMtoes you plantedT t ,1 : Mrs. Gardner Oh, John! I'm afraid we'll have to buy what we need, thlB year. Mr.' Gardner Wjiy, hoVe that, MaryT' '". ' Mrs. Gardner 1 recollected today that when I did the planting I for got to open the cans! Puck. n s proposed to hold a laborers' ex Motion In Paris in 190. aasSsjl)SSt a Wilkinson officer's sword. In a won we got a dozen perfectly made rides at hnrl hitherto elven. and a dozen swords ft ft C College, QVjfsMV ft ft . . vAtV one test of merit, and who regard pov -An Explanation, Hewitt I understand that you said that 1 was the biggest liar that you ever met Jewetfc Well, you must remember that I never' knew Ananias. New York Press. , flaw Material. 'JJVTiat are you doing now, JlnksT" 'fanufacturlng ladles' shirtwaists," ."Any money In It?" "Well, I should sny so. Holes aro cheap,"- IiOttlBvllle Courier-Journal. 8KY-LIGHTED HISTORY., How Astronomical Research Has Found the Origin of Stonehenge. Following tho same line of thought which he formerly applied to certain Egyptian tomple3, Sir Norman Lock yer is able to show that Stonehenge was originally buHtAtovscrve tfie pur pose of a Ijriinitlve observatory. It was built for the use of the astronomer priests who, perhaps, brought the wis dom of tho Kast to this country many centuries before its very name had emerged Into the light of history. The sun and star worship which forms the basis of so many types of primitive religion was closely Interwoven with the practical need of fixed dates in tha year for the uso of the agriculturist, who possessed no calendar to tell him when to sow his seed, and when to -pect his harvest. To this day the Pleiades aro known as the "hoeing Btars" in South Africa, and tuke the place of a funning calendar to the Solomon Islanders, just as their mid night culmination fixed the beginning of the feast of Isis at Buslris, and reg ulated the fifty-two year cycle of the ancient Mexicans. It Is now proved, from a comparative study of prehis toric monuments and ancient temples all over the world, that one of the first use;i of these edifices was to enable the astronomer-priests to fix such dates with ease and certainty. Every one knows that tho sun rises at a different point on the horizon daily throughout the year, and that :he time of star rising varies night by night. These simple facts sufficed primitive man for the determination of his calendur. Some of the Egyptian temples were carefully oriented so that a bright star, Hko Slrius or Canopus, was visible down the avenue which served as the tube of a telescope at a particular hour on a given night In the year. Dy far the greuter number of stone circles, of which Stonehenge Is the best known example, were so ori ented that the rlting sun on midsum mer morning flashed Its rays directly upon the central altar; in other words, their axis was carefully directed to the point on the horizon over which the sun rose on the longest day in '.he year. There are many other Instances of different orientations, each corre sponding to the fixed points in some ancient calendar. But Stonehenge was certainly a solar temple and ob servatory. Now comes in the bearing of this fact upon the history of its building. Tho point of midsummer sunrise Is not always the same. The precession of the equinoxes or the fact that the celestial pole is travelling round a vaHt circle, which It takes about twenty-five thousand years to com pletecauses a secular change In this polut. At tho present day the axis of Stonehenge Is not directed to the midsummer sunrise, but to a point nearly one degree away from It. Now we know the rate at which the place or midsummer sunrise changes In a . . . . oiHjuciiue 01 precession, ana Ifhi a comparatively mVetmMoa to determine the ihUeTwnioh the Bun nusitvejin on midsummer day e with the avenue at Stone- enge. The conclusion is that this remarkable edifice must have been erected about 1C80 B. C, tho possible error being not greater than two hundred years on either side of this date. Than astronomy tells us that Stonchengo must have been built somewhere between 1900 and 1500 B. C, if the assumption of Its pur pose be correct. The general evidence from similar temples ull over the world hardly leaves room for doubt on that head, and thus we obtain what may safely be called tho first definite fact In British history, carrying It back more than fifteen centuries be fore our Islands first came into contact with recorded civilization. It is clear that the people who could build Stonehenge for such a purpose wore fur removed from savagery. The Spectator. Extravagance In English Society. Tho latp Duchess of Rutland once alleged that the men and the women In a Scotch town, whero she was stay ing during tho shooting season, alo eleven meals a day. It Is, of course, notorious that the chefs In several private houses in England today re ceive salaries of $4,000, $6,000, $7,500 and, In ono caso, $10,000, and would think a dinner (it only for a work house feast if its material, including frultjmd whiecost much less than $17o or $200 for a score of guests. One young English peeress, whose husband has an Income of $1,500,000 a year, was so disgusted with the waste of rich food with which she was con fronted In the principal of her new homes that she dismissed the chef and engaged a woman cook for $325 a year, and she now alleges that she, ber husband, and ber guests are all much better fed for a third of tho former coat. ' Balloon Trips for the Jaded. Dr. George Bull, an eminent ey specialist, agrees with Dr. Daulnoy in thinking that many diseases of the eye may be relieved by treatment In balloons at heights of 8,000 to 8,000 feet In an Interview Dr. Bull sug gested that the "balloon cure" might be popularised. "I would recom mend," he said, "the institution of captive balloons outside all theatres and art galleries. Nothing could be better for the headache brought on by the atmosphere of theatre or for the strain on the eyesight by much picture gazing than an ascent of, say, 8,000 feet" "' The Real Thing. , "We had a sensational case of kid napping in our house lately." "You dont tell me! How did it happen?" i . " "The baby slept the whole night" Baltimore American, - On ths .Rise, ' Weary I'll tell you how to make money. Buy thermometers now and sell 'em next July. . Beery What fur? Weary They're bound to g Sp, Tit-Bits. Indeed, In a millennium of free clothes of the latest fashion we shall all bo rtrchnnsrc.ls. GARB OF ARGENTINA COWBOY. Wears Biggest Trousers en Record. His Saddle and Whip. Our friend, the gattcho Is as much In evidence along the line to (he west as to the Boutb In Argentina. He still clicks ito the Inevitable poncho, but he has discarded the chlrlpa, a blanket-like garment that the south ern gauche wears around hie jegs, or bombachoB, which is Ihe namdSfor ab solutely the largest trousers on .rec ord, The bambachos In the first place were, I believe, brought to Argentina by the Basques, writes a correspon dent In the Los Angeles Times. The things went straight to the heart ot the gancho and he adopted them at once. Only he has steadily Insisted 011 amplifying them, until today one leg of a pair of bombachos will house a small family. There Is no particular point of utility to be urged for these windbags, but they servo to make their wfarer a conspicuous figure when he rides Into town, which is reason enough for the gaucho. Tho recadn or saddle ufced in the west is much the same as In the south. It consists of a couple of smooth pieces of wood to fje laid on a blanket behind the horse's withers. Over thcie several thicknesses offisjece ot--)ffr-blankets are strRppoTTjfapair ot stir rups thrown over the whole and the rtiado is ready for use. This sounds like a crude arrangement, and such it often is; nevertheless I have heard a number of Englishmen who have used It claim that the recado gives a knee grip In the soft blankets that In siir"s a seat more Buro than that pos sible In any saddle of hard leather. The most inseparable companion of the gaucho of the west is his rlbenka, o- whip. This has a heavily loaded htnidle about a foot and a half long, which terminates In a thick single or double thong of rawhide of the same Ienilh as Ihe handle. The handle Is sometimes covered with hide, or, again, heavily inlaid with Bilver. A blow from the handle of a rlbenaa will fell n horse, and cut from Its lash will tear open a gash In the flank of a tough-skinned mule. The gaucho of the south fights with his knife in one hand and his folded poncho In the other as a Bhield. The western gaucho Substitutes tho rl benka for the poncho, and must make a far more formidable opponent. His great facon, or knife, reposes most of the time in his belt; his rlbenlta never leaves his hand during tho day, and at night he sleeps with tho thong of it about his wrist. Not An Intelligence "Bureau." A well-known Indiana man says that some years ago, when the late General Lew Wallace was serving as Governor of New Mexico, he shipped home to Indiana a carload of curios for his friends. The collection con sisted mainly of boxes of minerals, furs, Indian blankets, and be ind with them, went a Mex inte pet. When the car rS tlon the freight agent. up the contents of the car. Btood the word "burro." and thin that It was the phonetic attenfht 11 some illiterate railroader to spell "bureau." was unable to find anv piece of furniture on hand to fit the bill of lading. So, according to rail- '." way custom in tho matter of Irregu larities, he promptly telegraphed back to the shipping point: "Car 38,42, Albuquerque, consigned Wallace, arrived, minus one bureau, plus one Jackass. Please trace and notify." . r General Wallace himself dictated the reply. "Change places with jack- . ass." Harper's Weekly. Chicago Society Item. Mr. Makinbrakes was trying to say a consoling word to one of the beof ., magnates, whom ho had chanced to meet at a banquet. : ' "Anyhow, Mr. Muchblud," he said, with a reassuring smile, "the people here this evening don't seem to be so terribly afraid of the meat. I had time, to notice that because I'm not much of a meat eater myself. That is, X don't eat as much meat as I used to er not that, exactly, either, he cause I well, nothing of the kind i affects me, you know, and I can eat anything I really want to though, of course and I don't believe half tbey say about It Is true, anyway, but ev en before the expo the lnvestlga -I mean before there was any scan- '' any talk about It, you understand, I was more or less a vegetarian, but r" '! wasn't not at that time I I wasn't er quite -such a blamed foo as 1 ' seem to bo making of my Mr. Much- -blud, what time have you gotT "My , watch has run down Chicago Tri- , bune. . ,k. That American Spirit. " It has been wonderful and stirring to see the kindness, the magnanimity, the absolute absence of greed In tak ing advantage ot one another's mis fortunes. , It takes .more than pain or loss to make a tragedy when tho spirit of a free people burns up strong and clear to meet Its fate as It has burned -In stricken San Francisco, Everywhere that American spirit that ". .Turns- a keen untroubled face -Home, to (he Instant need of things,''' everywhere (the spirit that dares "To shake the Iron hand of Fate -- And match with Destiny for beers" has lifted its dauntless. Impudent front, and with half satanlo humor has lightened the load of hardship with a Jest. From Louise Herrick Wall's "Heroic San Francisco" In the Cen tury. , . , " . . , . '. 1. And That's No Mistake. v "There is a time in the affairs of men which, taken at its flood lend.) on to fortune,' " quoted the moral- " lzer. - - "True," rejoined the demorailer, "hut a lot of them are left straniiei high and dry every year because thev picked out the wrong tide." Chlcui'n News, The tallest building in the world being erected In Nw YorK by a 1: insurance company. It will be 5: 0 f fclh, )

Page Text

This is the computer-generated OCR text representation of this newspaper page. It may be empty, if no text could be automatically recognized. This data is also available in Plain Text and XML formats.

Return to page view