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Volume XXXIX.
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FRANKLIN, N. C, FRIDAY, MARCH 28, J924.
Number 13.
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GOOD ROADS ARE
HaPTOSCHOOLS
' National Highways and Con
solidated Schools will Help
Educational Program in
the United States.
With the enormous amount of il
literacy inthe United States, educa
tion, is generally conceded to be one
of the greatest of our economic prob
lems. To show the extent of that
problem as it appears in the light of
educational methods and facilities of
a bygone age, still largely in use in
this country, Frank P. Graves, New
York Commissioner of Education, sets
forth some starting statistics.
According to these, as yet about
one-fourth of the total rural school
enrollment and 45 per cent of the
rural teaching corps are "housed in
onc-roonl schools of the crudest sort.
There are upwards of 200,000 of
these one-room buildings in. the
United States, and a -fairlylnrjt per-,
'ccntage of them were jconstructed at
least 40 years ago, despite the tact
that school architecture and equip
ment have been advancing by leaps
and bouifds during that time. I-our
fifths of them have no provision for
heatinz and ventilation; except" the
old unjacketed stove and the rickety
windows, and nine-tenths ot the
building? are not properly lighted.
In at least yu per cent tne seating rs
poor and unadjustable, and . often
where the seats could be arranged to
suit the pupil, this has never been
given consideration. Where in the
cities some four-fifths of the teachers
have had at least the minilnum
amount of standard training that is
-two years beyond the high school-
in the country less than one-twentieth
have so qualified, and theurnover in
rural teachers each year is just about
SO per cent.
One of the most effective answers
to such cond.Hons has been found in
the consolidated ; school,, .in which
...many children can be accommodated,
brought from miles around and re
turned to their homes by the motor
.. bus.
But this solution to the problem of
how to get good, rural education is
possible only where there are good
roads. In the days to come, when
national highways gridiron this coun
try, as they undoubtedly will, there
will be. no problem of rural education.
According to the National Auto
mobile Chamber of Commerce, the
consolidated school movement began
in Massachusetts in the early , seven
ties. For many years horse-drawn
, vehicles were then used in carrying
children to and from school within a
radius of seven miles. Parents gradu-
,' ally began to see, the many advantages
of the larger schools over the old
""little red schoolhouse. '
With the motor bus children are
now transported for IS to 18 miles in
an hour. School districts have in
creased in sizef extending to 50, 75 or
' 100 square miles'in area. With this
development has come large modern
school buildings, improved equipment
and specially trained instructors equal
to that. of the best city schools. Mo
". torized school busses make possible
these large, modern rural "school
plants." They tend to reduce the
costs and to give children better op
. portunities .for education.
The consolidation movement has
grown to Such proportions that many
. normaWchools and colleges are g'iv-
ing special" courses preparing supcrin
',. 'tendents to manage' fleets of motor
busses - transporting - children - to and
from consolidated. chools.. .
: Elli jay Items.'
Mr. Horace Peekj who is attending
the Cullowhee High School, spent the
week end with relatives on Ellijay.
Mr. Robert Henry arfd family, of
Sylva, -speil! the first day and a half
of the week with Robert's father; Mr.
J. T. Henry.
.We are glad to welcome Mr. Charlie
i Rogers and family back to their old
home in this neighborhood. '''" ':
Mr. Marion Amnions '..is in very
poor health all the time row.
Stevens Brothers, of Caney Fork,
Jackson County, were in this section
buying; cattle last Friday.
'Messrs. Charles and Fred Mincy,
cf Gastonia, were in this neighbor
hood looking about business matters
a few days ago.
: ,MV. Alex Berry seems- to have his
new barn nearly completed.
K. N. M.
TO LIVE AT HOME
r .
Bank Offers $500 in Prizes to
Foster "Live At Home"
Campaign Twenty Prizes
of $25 Are Offered.
Raleigh, N. C, March 22. Accord
ing to an announcement made by
Gilbert Ste-phenson, Vice-President in
charge of- thi Wachovia Bank and
Trust CompanyA branch in this city,
his' bank will donate $500 in prizes' to
further the purpose of the "Live at
Home" campaign in the twenty coun
ties in which hjs bank operates. The
bank offers a prize of $25 to the farm
er in each, of the following twenty
counties who shows the most prog
ress towards living at home during
1924, as told in an article of not over
SCO words -in length. The counties in
which the farmers may enter the
contest for this prize are Buncombe.
Madison, Haywood, Forsyth, Yadkin.
Surry, Stokes, Rockingham, Guilford,
Davidson, Randolph, Rowan, Iredell,
Cabarrus, Wane, Durham. Johnston,
Franklin, Granvjlle and Harnett'.
Mr. Stephenson states that th
prize is not necessarily, awarded to
the farmer who makes the highest
grade in the ten things whjfh he is
asked to do by the Agricultural Ex
tension Service of the State College
and Department of Agriculture, but
is to the one who makes the most
progress towards "living at home."
The., story .may be written by the
farmer or some one else for him. It
will be submitted to three judges on
or before December first, 1924. ' The
winning story , will be given to the
local . county paper for publication.
Following this the twenty best stories
(one from each county) will.be sub
mitted to a committee composed of
Dr. Clarence Poe of, the Progressive
Farmer, Dean B. W. Kilyore of the
State College, and Hon. W. A. Gra
ham, Commissioner of Agriculture.'
The best, story stlected by this com
mittee will be published by the Pro
gressive Farmer. The twenty prizes
of $25 each will be mailed to the win
nefs on or befo; December 20th and
will make a nice little Christmas
present.
The purpose of this is to help pro
mote the work -done by the exten
sion workers of the State College in
making North Carolina a happier and
more prosperous State.
Game Taboo in China
Gets Into Society Here
Pung Chow Mah-jong I America
has found a new amusement. And
what could- be more romatic? To
begin "with, it is "Made in China;" it
includes counters which look like
chopsticks; there is all the mystery
of a magician's cabinet; with it are
little blocks of polished ivory or bone
and bamboo dovetailed together.' The
characters on Jhese Chinese, dominoes
are dragons, circles, bamboos, winds.
flowers and seasons.
But the members of our elite socie
ty, little guess that it is opposed by
government and moral influences in
China and that it is 'being playedoiily
by street denizens ah d dope fiends in
the gambbling resorts and opium
dens. The Mah-tong gamester in
China has about the same' status as a
bootlegger ;.in the United, States. "
" Students , of " American universities
enthusiastically receive this novel
game into their fraternity., hfcmes,
but do not know and are not told
hat in China Mah-jong more, than
immorality has ruined the lives of
multitudes of students- and caused
them to' drop their books; 1
.Chinese, Christians are expelled
from their churches for playing this
game.
After the World War it was found
necessary . : to explain to Ine hast
v;h the .so-called Christian .nations
of the West had been grappjing. a'.t
one another's throats. It' seems, that
now we are .facing" a similar paradoxi
cal situation.. A group of Chinese
Christians afe saying tha America
and England are setting China a bad
example through the introduction of
Mah-jong as a social institution. The
National Christian Council of China
has written an open letter '-. to the
Federal Council of Churches in Amer
ica, concerning the vogue of the game
lere. Dearborn Jndepondent.
TESTING THE SEED
CLIMATE WON'T "
AFFECTACURE
Editor Warns Against Ad
vertisements of Superior
Climate and Weather as
Cures for Tuberculosis.
Cjimate and' weather are not. the
big essentials in the treatment of
tuberculosis, according to Philip P.
Jacobs, editor of the Journal of Out
door Life. Speaking editorially in
the March issue of .the Journal he
declares that care and not climate is
the big factor in taking the cure and
determines to a la'rge extent a pa
tient s recovery. Given proper care,
which of course includes expert med
ical supervision, tuberculous patients
will get well anywhere in. the United
States, he says. ' . '
Dr. Jacobs admits that it is easier
for a person to take the cure tor
tuberculosis in an even climate; that
in sucn a cumate it. is muni simpa-i
to live an outdoor life and to get the
benefit of rest and the proper meta
bolism of food. But the fact remains,
he adds, that people do get well of
tuberculosis in all sorts' of climate. :
To substantiate this statement, Dr.
Jacobs cites result of the Home Hos-
pitai wnicn is situated in one ot.,luc
most .congested districts in New
York City. He says that the results
from this hospital compare favorably
with the best sanatoria of the south
west or any. othcij. part of the country.
Furthermore he says that sanatoria
on the Atlantic coast, where there's
kail scrts of weather, produce as good
results in the treatment and cure ot
tuberculosis as any of the pet cli
mates of the southwest, as far as
comparative statistics show. Dr. Ja
cobs issues this statement in view of
advising anxiouvpatients against be
ing deluded by tne many alluring ad--vertiscments
or resorts and sanatoria,
claiming to have superior advantages
afforded by climate.
London Editor Secures
Definitions of Home
So'me' months ago the editor of a
London magazine sent out to several
hundred people this query r '.'What
Is Home?", .Eight hundred replies
cxme back, answers being written by
persons representing all walksof life.
According to' the English editor, they
came from homes of 're'fine'titeht arret
from those of crudeness and poverty.
Several of ' these definitions .were
selected as best covering the many
answers' sent in and among the num
ber -were the following: '.
Homea world of strife shut out,
a world of love shut in. v
, Home a place where the small are
great and' ' great arc small. " '.-.'. '-'
Homctlie- father's ' kingdom,' the
mother's world and the child's para
dise.. ,,-.-'
Home the place where-we grumble
tli e rn-ost and we are treated the best.
Home the center of our affections,
round which V-r heart's best wishes
twine. - " .''.'.'.
Homc--the wily place on, earth
where the faults and failings -of hu
manity are" hidden- under the sweet
HEALTH LAWS
MUST BE LIVED
Noted Educator Declares the
Teachers Should Consider
Underweight of Children
as Danger Signal.
Addressing the State Teachers As
sembly recently in session in Raleigh,
Dr. J. F. Williams, professor , of
Physical Education,' Columbia Uni
versity, declared that , no feature of
health education that was not lived
daily was worth while. He advocated
the daily practice of health laws as a'
means of living the best life and ren
dering the greatest service.
The Modern' Health Crusade, a sys
tem of training in good health habits
which- is now used in many of the
schools in the State, is evidently a
feature of health work, that meets
Dr. Williams' approval. This system
is based on practice and not precept,
Under it children daily do the duties
explained in hygiene and physiology,
which are too often left undone Dur
ing the last five years millions of
school children in America have been
trained to practice daily certain
health chores till they have become
established habits. .
Another important; health fact em-?
phasized by Mrs. Z. V, Conyers of
Greensboro before the teachers of the
State, was that underweight in child
ren should be taken as a danger sig
nal. This condition in children, she
says, is usually brought about -by the
lack of proper nourishment. The
danger lies in the fact that the mal
nourished .child tends to become dis
abled, incapable of resisting disease
or withstanding its ouset and pror
grcss. Nutrition classes were advo
cated for children 7 per cent under
weight. The basis for nutrition .Y..$M
is thai every child requires a certain
body weight- to sustain his height.
The Modern Health Crusade and the
Nutrition Crusade are featured;-in
North Carolina by the North Carolina
Tuberculosis Association, Sanatorium,
N.'C, and persons interested vshould
write them. : -,
Find Diphtheria Preventive.
A dispatch from.' Paris says :x. '
Pre'yentivo vaccination ' agdihsf
diphtheria has been discovered'- by
Pi s. Jules Renault ."and- Pierre Levy,
The serum has been indorsed by the
Academy of Medicine," according" to
announcement made.
The report, says' that 400 cases' 'of
Inc. disease have been treated '.rte-
cessfully, but the; discoverer's hiVe
asked for six months more f.i whli
.t fn-vevtheir-tests -oflicialfy ; If6fe
(iuH'rindinp that .the sertrn, Ivf 'u.-Hl
in t!i'- ' chools. ? ' ,:';','
This follows the Rbtfs. scuni '.'fdY
the euro of diphtheria, whi'.li h;is
red'Kcd the world death rate of tho
ciUrr.e !;y 90 per -cent. . ' . '-
O' Iter , discoveries annoum-.e 1 to
tl.: A' ademy of Medicine , -ire ;ia- u.-r
of oxygen' as a cure fpr 'sesickhess
and ultra-violet - rays for'-' red.uchig
flesTr.; -'A ntimbt-r of doctors liovv-'
ever, disagree with the later experi
ments, declaring the ray.-; to be dan-
SOUTH IS LEADER
IPOTER-P0WER
One of the first Super-Power
Developments in the En
tire Country was Operated
in the Carolinas.
- .Raleigh, N. C, March 21 super
power system one of the first and
best examples of such a development
is today, and has been for two years
serving North and 'South Carolina..
This fact wa brought to public no
tice today, following announcement
from New York of the formation in
Ohio. Virginia, West Virginia, Peim- .
sylvauia amd 'Maryland of a co-operative
coal field service. Southern
states, therefore, hav,e pointed the
way in this progressive step.
Together with Alabama, Tennessee
and Georcia. the Carolin.-i-; are inter
connected by hijh-tension lines. Ac
cording to the North and South Car
olina Public Utility Information Bu
reau, an area of 140.000 square miles,
.with a population of 3,650,000, is
served. The present capacity of this
system is approximately 1,000,000
uui stjjuvvci , ui niiiLii a nine uiuic
than 75 per cent is hydro-electric.
Power is relayed from one extrem
ity of this zone to another to meet
shortage on account of reduced flow
of rivers or breakdown in equipment.
Tn this way interruptions of supply
have been prevented, the. surplus of
one region has supplied the deficiency .
of another and the burning of coal a
has been reduced to a minimum.
Another section of. the United
States is already being served by a
super-power system similar to that
existing in the Carolinas and the now
proposed Eastern service. It em
braces the busy districts in and about
Chicago. . '.'.-.'
The ultimate purpose for these va
rious units over the country appar
ently is an interlinking for the inter
change and intersale" of power where
and when needed. The great power
companies of the country' appear to
be working toward the perfection of
a plan. which will insure the best,
most dependable and cheapest ser
vice to the millions of electric power
users. .
Thomas A.. Edison, dean of . the
electric world, seems to have sensed
. i. : r i i .i.
ims movement, lor last monin, run
the occasion of his' seventy-seventh
birthday anniversary, he said: "The
most important electrical develop
ment that could be worked out in the
future would be a system of .connect
ing power stations and the develop
ment of water power stations to op
erate the system, together with the
application of- electric power to the
.railways.
- .Jt is noted in connection with these
vast. electric power developments al
ready .under way, that Congress is
being besought to take over the in
dustry which private capital has al
ready launched. .
The:Norris-Keller bill, introduced a
few ...day's ago, proposes national -ownership.
of a great super-power System
to-indude the' entire country. .Rep
resentative Keller, jjj i itroducing the
hill, called attention to the rnunicipal-ty-owned
electric pov -r plants as a
possible nucleus for t- development
of a 'great national sy em.
As an index to the r ;!ati vely minor
proportions of publicly-owned plants.
-.as .a" -factor in the electrical industry
ot the country, it may be stated that
more, than ninety-si:; per cent of the
electrical output of the country is
generated by private companies and
Jci,s Uhan four per cent in publicly
ftnct.,planr?.' Statistics also show
itlnit these latter use twelve W reiif
yf-'-aH -.the -coal burned by electrical,
witty '.cqirifriaies ami twelve per .cent
'of 'the labor. . ' -
Regarding publi-. '; 'ownership ' of
utilities of. this' kind. James 11 Col
lins, iu a recent is -tie of "The Na
tion's i'.iuiiH-ss," says: "The pniitictatv
and tlVo dei,r?at;c)R.ue are fascinated by
the electrical utility business. '.-"It is a "
going .concern,-, paying dividends t,
its two million stocklhlers and con
stant! v pro vinx;' a teimbiui? fold for
exploitation
f political
and picking
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