North Carolina Newspapers

Volume XXXIX. FRANKLIN, N. C, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1924. Number 46. i ""' I ERADICATION New Vaccine For Cattle. Re cently Discovered Is High ly Recommended by Agri cultural Workers. A plea for an extensive trial of Dr. Albert Calmette's BCG, a substance used in the vaccination of cattle against tuberculosis, is made by Dr, Allen K. Krause, Editor of the Amer ican Review of Tuberculosis, in the October number of that journal. Dr Krause points out that Dr. Calmette's position as Assistant Director of the Pasteur Institute, Paris, and his exr tensive studies covering over twenty years gives sufficient warrant of suc cess, so; that American , investigators are being asked to repeat Calmette's experiments and confirm them by demonstrations on cattle in various parts of this country. BCG, which is the name that Dr Calmette gives his vaccine, is a strain of tubercle baccilli which has been grown through 230 different genera tions on medium of potato cooked in ox bile. The peculiar characteristic of these germs is that while they are like other tuberculosis germs in most particulars, they are unlike them in this respect that they do not cause the ordinary processes of tuberculosis, the setting up of tubercles, and subse quent destruction of bodily tissue. When these germs are introduced info the system of young animal's' they proteqt these animals against attacks of tuberculosis. , Calves inoculated with BCG have resfsted efforts to give them tubercu losis with virulent tubercle baccilli for as long as eighteen months." Calmette and his associates have aimed within , fiye years to rid prev iously of tuberculosis by gradually doing .away with the non-vaccinated cattle and keeping only the 'vaccin ated ones, as these through the nat ural increase by birth replenish the herds. Up to May 1924 thy have vac cinated 1278 young calves all of which remained in perfect health. The con clusion reached by Calmette that "at present vaccination and annual re vaccination are absolutely harmless." . Since forty per cent of mature adult cattle, that is, 5 years of age and over gennerally throughout the country give evidences of tuberculosis, Doctor Krause points out that any efforts to extend Calmette's experiments and! make BCG useful everywhere would mean saving of countless millions of dollars to the cattle industry. Doctor Krause points out also tha Calmette's experiments in vaccinating babies within the first nine days of .life are suggestive, but he questions whether the time has arrived to cx- pcriment on the active immunization of children in this country. He inti mates that before this is attempted the most exhausive investigation should be made on cattle, for, as he says, "One cannot help feeling certain that what ever will keep cattle from getting tuberculosis will also even tually be found to prevent the disease in man." Calmette's BCG is useful only in animals that have not prev iously bec.ii infected with tubercu losis. For enhers the BCG is of no value. . Notwithstanding the knowledge and prev.ously scientific work in tu berculosis by Dr. Calmette, and the implicit confidence placed in his abil ity and integrity, yet it is neccessary that his work, as Dr. Krause says, should be checked by many' observers in manv lands on many animals. and Uter on many infants that will - likely be exposed to infection by their mothers, and that the United States of America, with its favored economic and scientific outlook and its warm , appreciation of authors work, in the tuberculosis world is to have a large .share in proving the value of Calmette method. Notwithstanding the fact that the proof of the value of this BCG or vaccine cannot be accepted at this stage of the investigation as ty phoid and diptheria preventive in the fact that it is only effective as an ocultations are and notwithstanding ttv&ct that it is only effective as an 'immunizing agent in those who have -had any infecton of any kind by the tubercle bacillus, yet in all probability this is the greatest discovery that has ever been ' made toward immunizing against tuberculosis, . Arrangements have been , made by . the National Tuberculosis Associa' (tion vv hereby investigators properly :aoDroved may be able to secure ai mete's BCG for expermintal purposes, provided that such investigators meet certain conditions laid down by the Association'. " . . . ' , INTERESTED IN WATER POWER We are firmly convinced that the development of our potential water powers will mean a revolution in the financial conditions of the 25 moun tain counties. Before 1940 water power development- will cause the expen diture of between $100,000,000 and $500,000,000 in Western North Caro lina. Whether the smaller or the lar ger figure becomes available depends largely on how we take advantage of this great resource. The turning loose of these hundreds of millions of dol lars will directly benefit every person in this section. According to all the figures avail able there is 1,000,000 horse power go ing to waste in our mountain streams. Some of this power will never be der veloped because many of our beautiful falls will be preserved because of their value as tourist attractions. O'licr- p.o .-.'. s will be very slow of deelup- uent due to distance away from tom merical centers. Certainly however, we are safe in assuming that at least 500,000 horse power will be at work within a short period of time. - The cost of developing water power ranges between $100 and $200 per horse power, with an average of $150. The development of 500,000 will then cost around $75,000,000. Please note that this amount of money will be spent no matter by whom the powers are built. The money is not available in Western North Carolina, so it must come from other sources Note, too, that this $75,000,000 will be spent argely in Western North Carolina, no matter what use the power is to be put to. It takes "big money to spend big money therefore it is absolutely nec essary that big companies or corpora tions undertake this work. We wel come Big People to Western North Carolina. ' According to the North Carolina Geological Survey, the industries in this state now demand 500,000 horse power and for a number of 'years this demand has increased 10 per cent yearly, on an average. The demand is actually increasing and with the great industrial expansion there is reason to believe that a 10 per cent yearly grow ing use of power may be expected for many years to come. This normal in crease then would create a demand for 800.000 horse power in 1930, 1,300,- 2,000,000 horse power is practically the 2,000,000 horse power is practically the final limit to the possible power m North Carolina, it is safe to predict that all of Western North Caro lina's 500,000 horse power will be developed by 1940. That means that $75,000,000 will have been turned loose up here within the next fifteen years, by development of powers alone. We believe this is a very conservative figure which might well be doubled. ' A high official of the Southern Power : Company has stated that reliable statistics by his company show that for every dollar spent by them in developing hydro-electric power, the user of the power, the man ufacturer, spends $6 in buying land, erecting factories, installing machin ery, building houses, etc. 1 his being true, there would be no exaggeration in predicting that an additional $450, 000,000 will be spent to make use of our 500,000 horse power. However, it is very probable that only a portion of our four hundred and fifty million will be spent in Western North Caro- Mina as there is not enough industry here now to absorb that much. Cer tainty, though, we could make use of 100,000, horse power, which would call for the 'expenditure of around $90,000, 000 or $900 for everyJiorse power we can keep at home. From the above it may be seen why Western North Carolina, Inc., is en deavoring to build up manufactoring industry in .WestcraNorth . Carolina. Every wheel, calling for use of a horse power, which we can get located here means the expenditure of $900 by the manufacturer plus $150 spent by the developer of the hydro-electric power. It is up to the people of Western North Carolina to bring every factory possible to our counties. The entire $450,000,000 may be ours if enough ' industry can be induced to come here. The life of Western North Carolina, Inc , will certainly be more than jus tified if we help bring in over a hun dred million dollars to boost pros perity of the Land of the . Sky. Water power is "white coal," and factories run by electricity avoid smoke and dirt. We contend, there fore, that the industry which this or ganization is going after will not hurt the tourist industry. , , It is interesting to note that in our files we have a request from parties wanting water power of from 10,000 to 40,000 horse power capacity. One owner has asked for aid in selling a 6,000 ; horse power site. Several powers ranging from 100 to 1,000 are FOREST PRODUCT HEETMN0V.19 The Conference on Forest Products Called by Henry C. Wallace Meets in Wash ington This Month. The conference on the utilization of forest products, called' by the late Henry C. Wallace as Secretary of Ag riculture, will be held in Washington on November 19 and 20 as originally planned, announces Acting Secretar. of Agriculture .Howard M. Gore. Chief Forester Greeley in an an nouncemcnt just issued declares that the late Secretary Wallace regarded the reduction of timber waste as one of the most important phase of forest conservation and felt that much could be accomplished in this direction by calling together the leaders in forest using industries and in the principal groups of wood consumers for a thorough discussion of the subject Officials of . the United States De partment of Agriculture believe that Secretary Walace's great service to forest conservation can be commemo rated in no better way than by carrying out the conference at the time and in the way he planned," said Mr Greeley. , "The Government is taking the lead in this movement only, so far as its help and cooperation are needed to bring the various interests together. It is in reality a Co-operative indus trial movement. We hope the confer ence will end in an organized attack by forest industries and consumers on those points where timber waste bears most heavilyon industrial prof its and on the public pocket-book. Investigation has already done much to expose these points. Fortunattcly to cut down these wastes will not only be in the public intrest but will in many cases be profitable to indus try.'' Interest in the forthcoming confer ence is .widespread, according to let ters being received by the Forest Service. Many leaders in the forest and wood-cutting industries have al ready indicated that they will attend the meeting. Acting Secretary Gore has again announced that the conference is open to every one interested in the manufacture or consumption of for rst products and that no special invi ation is necessary in order to atteiri the conference. "I have voted some confusion in regard to just who .may. attend the wood utilization conference," said Acting Secretary Gore. "I desire to make it very plain that the De partment of Agriculture will welcome any one interested in this important phase of forest conservation. No for mal 'invitation is necessary, but it( is desirable that names be sent in as tar in. advance as possible, Announcement. Mr. 1). G, Stewart has' asked the Press to anriounc" that his only mis sion in Franklin is to work for the improvement of our telephone system, lie will have no time for anything else. The co-operation ,of the public is much desired. Mr. Stewart says that he is not a collector but a tele phone expert whose entire time will :e devoted to installing new equip ment and overhauling the present system. He therefore requests that patrons f,end a check promptly at. the end of the month for rental on the telephone fof the succeeding month If the old method is followed Mr. Stewart will have to devote three or four days, of his time each month to collections. He states that hereafter he will '"not make collections. There fore, if you want your telephone to jemain connected send in your check I romptly. being planned. Five plants varying in size from 300 to 20,000 horse power arc at pre$ent being built. Two plants of 2,000 anl 60,000, respectively have been announced for immediate con struction. To date water wheels amounting to 180,000 horse power have been installed and are now in operation. NEW CLIMB PLANNED TO CONQUER EVEREST Undaunted by. the tradegy that claimed the lives of two members of the 1924 Mount Everest expedition, the suvivors are already preparing for another .assault on the highest peak of the world to be made in 1926. Swiss. Alpine climbers also are plan ning a:.' expedition, but willmake the atempt in 1925 in'an eforl to beat the-M English rivals. With both the earth's poles visited, the desserts crossed and lesser moun tains scaled. Everest alone continues to defy man's efforts. Rearing its head 29,002 feet above sea level, the great peak was thrown' open to mountain climbers after the war, when, in 1920, the Dalai Lama issued permission for an expedition to at tempt the ascent. On his warrant the mountain is given its Tibetan name, Cha-ma-lung-mo, meaning "the place where .it is so high that even a bird goes blind when he gets there." Act ing on this permission, the first Everest expedition went out in 1921, ascended to a height of 22,000 feet arid brought back a valuable map and databut left one of its members in a grave in a 17,000 foot pass, the first victim to the high altitude. In 1922 the second expedition following the same trail pushed farther ahead and three men including George Leigh Mallory, reached a height of 26,800 feet, while two others, armed with oxygen tanks, climbed to 27,300 feet, less than half a mile beneath the mountain crest. In the thin air at such extreme alti tudes the burning sun threatened the climbers with sunstroke while their feet were being frostbitten on the glacial ice and snow. Before the work could be completed the dreaded mon soon season set in and terrible snow storms swept across the mountain face, followel by warm winds from India which melted the snow and sent avalanches cascading down, the slope. One avalanche swept seven Tibetan porters to their death anl the expe dition was forced to retreat. The third expedition, in 1924, was equipped with better oxygen apparatus and supplies, the backbone of its man power was Mallory and other vet erans of the proceeding climbs. After heartbreaking efforts, a camp was pitched at a height of 27,000 feet. Several efforts to scale the peak were frustrated by bad weather, and fin ally Mallory, the veteran, and a young college student named Irvine attempt ed the dash for the summit. Later the same day when the clouds on the peak lifted their companions at the 27,000 foot camp saw the two toiling up a little ridge at the 28,000 foot level, barely 800 feet below the summit. Then the storm clouds closed in an l they were never seen again. Whether they actually reached the summit, and perished there of cold and hunger, succumbed to exhaustion on the rid'ge. or fell into some glacial crevasse may nevcr-be known. Doctor Somervell, who with Col. Norton, commander of the 1924 ex pedition reached the 28,00!) foot level says the effort required- to move at that height r. almost ' beyond com prehension. In order to take a single step forward a man must firt take ten deep breaths' to. get enough ox ygen into hi:V lungs. Each step h' says, is equal to the exertion required to make a iOO'yard dash at the sea lovH . Despite , the difficulties, veteran climbers of the Alpine club are 'con fident that Everest will be conqured. Hundreds of volunteers have offered their services for the next attempt, but only the pick of the, world's ath letes are eligible. The members" of theA expedition must practice con stantly to keep in trim, and even a brief rest entails months of hard work to get back in condition. While lecturing in America raising funds for the third expedition the ill fated Mallory, astonished crowds by climbing up fire escapes," hanging from the lower side by his hands, That was only part of his daily ex ercise. He suggested at that time that it might be necessary to send an expedition to live on the slopes of Evce.st above the 20,000-foot level for a year or two to thoroughly acclimate 'hemselves. - But the, natives living nearby arc sure the spit it of the mountain, will never he conquered by man. Popular .Mcclranics. ARBOR DAY WILL BE NOVEMBER 21 Governor Cameron Morrison Sets November 21 as Arbor Day in the State of North Carolina. 9 Whereas, nearly two-thirds of the total area of North Carolina is now covered by forest growth, the great er part of which has been cut . by lumbermen ant: devasted by fire to such an extent that its annual yield is less than one half what it should be and i Whereas, the soil is the material source of our strength and upon its right use depends the pernmant pros perity of our State; and. Whereas, the present generation is coming to realize that the use of the forest and the soil has not been in ac cordance with proper economy inas much as forests have been destroyed by axe and fire, steep lands have beer cleared and unwisely used and ruin ously cultivated ; and Whereas, the coming generation of forest and soil users is now in our public schools ; and upon .the school children of the State is to fall the task of repairing the loss caused by our carelessness or indifference; and Whereas, the General Assembly of this State has seen fit to enact an Arbor Day Law; Now, therefore,. I, Cameron Mor rison, Governor of the State of North Carolina, realizing the value which the suitable observance of this day will be to the State in interesting the rising generation in a proper appre ciation, of our forests, our birds, our trees and our shrubs, I" do , hereby proclaim that Friday, the twenty-first day of November, one thousand nine hundred and twenty-four, shall be ap propriately observed as Arbor Day by the teachers and children of all the public schools of the . State by recitations, drills, songs and exercises appropriate to the occasion, and by the planting of trees ami shrubs on the school grounds. Let this be done that the purpose of Arbor Day may be impressed upon us and upon the youth of the State and interest be awakened in a subject the consideration of which will add to our general prosperity, the future wealth of North Carolina, and to the happiness of us and our children . Done at our City of Raleigh, this the 28th day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hun dred and twenty-four, and in the one huncred and forty-ninth year of our fVirer.can independence. (Signed) CAMERON MORRISON, Governor. ARBOR DAY MESSAGE. In accordance with the Proclama tion of Governor Morrison Friday, November 21, is to be observed as Arbor Day ' throughout North Caro lina and celebrated in the schools and by civic and other organizations in appropriate ways. The schools are being asked by the State Superintendent 1 of Public In struction to conduct exercises in which the children of the various classes may take part. Many schools will wish to plant one or more trees on the school grounds"; others will keep the exercises within doors and decorate with the colored fall leaves or the fruits of the iiatrve trees. Women's Clubs can probably help most effectively, by advising with and assisting the teachers to. carry through' a suitable program in the local schools, though the opportunity ot .having a l-orestry or tree t rogram in the Club should not be neglected. Boy Scouts should y all means plant a tree on public r omul, naming it after some local or national cele brity. One of the oaks ' mmon to the region should be seL.ted for this purpose. ' , Civic Clubs, instead of planlting,' might well take some definite and aggressive action looking to the bet ter protection of the shade and road side trees of their town and from mutilation of those which have been growing many years is much more important. The Women's Clubs can also help most effectively in this work. -The message of Arbor Day to the grown-ups as well as the children of North Carolina is: Know the Trees learn to appreciate their beauty, their value, and so learn " to grow and l :.. c l l. ..i .... 'i proieui mem in loresi, p;irn ami ruaii side. North Carolina is third atiioitrt the States in the number of tree species; let us.be first rather than last in the care of this God-given heri tage. J. S. HOLMES, State Forester.