Newspapers / The Franklin Press and … / Nov. 28, 1924, edition 1 / Page 2
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Pa 2 Two THE FRANKLIN PRESS Friday, November 28, 1924. Facts About- Dipther 5a. What is Diptheria? Diptheria is a dcseasc caused by germ called the diptheria bacillu Like many diseases, there are specia parts of the "body where these germ find suitable conditions for growth namely, the nose, the throat, and th larynx. When diptheria bacilli at tack that part of the throat about the tonsils and soft palate, we call th disease diptheria; it the nose is in volved, nasal diptheria; if the mouth membranous croup. ' ', As diptheria may begin in the nose throat,' or larynx, and spread so a to be present m one or both of th other parts, and since a membrane i formed by the growth of the germs you . can readily see why it is called strangling or, choking disease. This membrane may reach such size that (lie air-passage will be stopped up entirely or cause difficult breathing. -.-.', ' Early Signs of Diptheria Diptheria of, the nose occurs mo Jrequcntly in young- children, and usually makes its presence evident by causing a continuous ) bloody nasa discharge which makes the upper lip sore. This condition may . last fo several weeks, ana you would no suspect any trouble unless it spread to the. throat or untilyou hear other children havjn-g diptheria who have been plaviKg with the. child having such a nSjsal condition. A cu! ture should be taken from .any nos ', having such a di.-chargc and scut to the State Laboratory of Hygiene for examination. ( Diptheria of the throat may begin as an "ordinary sore throat, and be so mild that scarcely any membrane will be formed and the real condition of the child be overlooked until some other child develops a serious case from having come in contact with him.' On the other hand, extensive . membrane may be formed which will cover tht. roof of the throat and make breathing difficult. : Diptheria of the larynx, which better known as membranous croup affects mostly babies. It is quite often i.onfused with spasmodic croup. The difference between croup and laryngeal diptheria is that ordinary croup usually comes on. suddenly in the nights and gets better when , day comes. In membranous croup, as ; rule, the child shows evidence of sick ness before it gets croupy, and con tinues to grow worse until sufficient diptheria antitoxin is given to cure .1. .1! ' . . me aisease.-.ine voice is orien iosi in membranous croup, and very rarely in ordinary croup. Don'ts About Diptheria uon t torget tnat croup and sore throat kill too many babies to let a' granny, your neighbor or . yourself treat your . child. Don't put off calling your physician, if your child gets croupy during the night and does not get better soon after day. Don't forget that diptheria anti toxin will cure your child, if it has diptheria, if given very early after the onset. Each minute you delay lessens the possibility of saving its life. Don't forget that diptheria can be prevented in about 90 per cent of cases if children between six months ' and six years of age arc given three doses of toxin-antitoxin. ...... Carriers One per. cent of the people as a whole, are diptheria carriers. Car riers are those, who harbor germs in the throat or nasal cavities. The'se carriers may have had the disease and knew they had it; or they may have become carriers by contact with a case of diptheria or another carrier and did not show symptoms of sick ness As a large percentage of people especially adults, arc naturally immune to diptheria.. you can readily see why there can be lots of carriers who have shown no signs of sickness. Now you will understand "where Mary gets diptheria," when she has not been about any one. the least bit sick. - .. Getting Diptheria ' Diptheria is ''caught" by a child who is not protected by nature and who has not had three doses of toxin antitoxin for at least six months, by geting into his mouth the discharge from the nose or throat of a person who has diptheria " germs " present about his tonsils or in the nasal cavity. .jJVc see where the germs come from Now how do we get them? The secretions from the;nose and throat of diptheria carriers are often rich in these germs. In coughing and sneez ing, fine particles of spray are sent put by one person and breathed m by another. People are. always picking their nose and putting their fingers on various articles which children carry to their mouths. By hand-shaking, handling the same things.etc, the secretion travel from one to another. Chewing the same gum, biting the same apple, using the same pencil, drinking from the same cup, blowing on the same handerchief, kissing, etc, all play a part in the same game of life against death. Time Of Greatest Danger - About 90 per cent of babies under six months old will not have diptheria if the germs get in their throats. While they are undergoing develop ment before birth, this number ac quires from their mother's blood enough antitoxin to protect them from diptheria until they are six months old, but by this time the antitoxin so obtained has disappeared from 85 per cent of these children. As they grow older, nature protects them; but man must assist nature. , Knowing that such large number of children under six years are susceptible to diptheria and that 75 per cent of the deaths from the disease are in the same age group, we can truly say that the time of the greatest danger is from six months- to six years, cspecialy from six months to three years. Toxin-Antitoxin Toxin-antitoxin is a preparation used to prevent diptheria. It is given in three doses at weekly intervals in the same man-nee that typhoid vac cine is.' No sores are caused. There is Scarcely iiy reaction in young children, but in older ones and grown people we find reactions more fre quently. Toxin-antitoxin cause the body cells to manufacture '.diptheria antitoxhi so as to have a supply of it for immediate use if diptheria germs get in the throat. Toxin-antitoxin was first used sev eral years ago in New York 'by the City Department of Health. They' have given it a thorough test to learn if it was liable to cause any permanent or temporary bad cried, and to sec if it would prevent diptheria. The treatment, was given to 2,400 children less than seven days old, and no bad results followed. Studies have been made on .5,000 children who had toxin-antitoxin four years previously and 90 per cent showed by test they, had enough . antitoxin in their blood to enable them to resist diptheria.' What has been done in North Caro lina? For the last two or three years diptheria the quarantine officer, giving the name, age, color, and sex of every person in his' or her heme that has diptheria, dale 'of onset, and name of school district, within twenty-four hours after he or she has evidence to believe that the child has diptheria as specified in Section 7152, Consol idated Statues. ; Rule 3. No parent, guardean, house holder or adult shall permit any child or minor who resides in his home to attend any public or private school Sunday schools, church meeting, the atre, party, picnic, or other public assemblage, to go near a public park or to appear upon a street while the house is placarded: Provided, how ever, that persons other than those having diptheria are not to be in cluded in this rule, if the patient and attendants are completely isolated at all. times, and if they can prove to the quarantine ofheer that they are naturally immune to diptheria by the Schick test, or have had three doses of toxin-antitoxin at least twelve weeks previously, or will take an im munizing dose of diptheria antitoxin : Provided, also that such persons must have the necessary cultures made to prove that they are not diptheria carriers, i Rule 4. No parent, guardian, house holder, or adult shall permit any child or minor, who has. been exposed to diptheria, to attend any public o private school, Sunday school, or other church meetings, theatre, party picnic, or other public assemblage, or to . go near a public park, or upon public street, within five days from the time of exposure. The sfcnie pro visions to rule 3 shall aply to rule 4 Rule 5. Each , parent, guardian, housenoider, and adult shall notily in some way the teacher if a child or minor living in his or her house has toxin-antitoxin has been used to a small extent by private , physicians. During the summer months of. 1921 in seventeen counties campaigns were conducted by doctors in their home communities, through the. Bureau of Epidemiology, North Carolina State: Board of Health, and about 10.600 children under six received three treatments. Since close to 86 per cent of those beginning the treatment completed it, we feel sure that it caused very little discomfort, or. so many would not have returned for the second and third dose. The use of toxin-antitoxin has been endorsed by the Medical Society of our State, and this, organization also requested the State Board of Health to supply it at a minimum cost. Enough toxin-antitoxin to save your Rule 6. Each parent, guardian, householder, and adult must, upon re quest by the quarantine officer, in form him of the. name and address of any child or minor who has 4bcen ex posed to diptheria in his or her house. Rule 7. No parent, guardian, house holder', or adult shall neither sell, give away, or receive, in containers that are to be returned, any milk, butter or other dairy products while the house is placarded, until a personal inter view has been made with the quaran tine officer, so as" to learn how to pre vent contaminating these products with diptheria germs in orjjer not to spread the disease. - Rule 8. No person, adult or minor. who has diptheria, has been exposed to diptheria, or has been found to be a diptheria carrier, shall attend anv child from diptheria can be bought public or.private school, Sunday school through your doctor for 10 cents ioxin-anlitoxin is not the treat ment of diptheria, as is the antitoxin. It also takes, six weeks or six months tor-it to establish immunity in 90 per cent of those taking three treatments. J oxin-antitoxin does not prevent one from becoming a carrier, nor does t cure a earner. Germs mav eet in the throat, but toxin-antitoxin will prevent the symptoms of the disease rom developing. A diptheria carrier who has had toxin-antitoxin may de velop tonsilitis. A laboratory examin ation of the throat will find the germs but the patient will not have clinical diptheria. Do not let such instances cause you to lose faith in toxin-anti toxin. It is not effective in every case. Care Of Sick Child. The most important point in giving proper care to the sick child is to place it under the care of a good doc tor immediately after you see signs t sickness. It this is done and dipthe- jia antitoxin Js administered properly mere will he very tew deaths from the iseasc. To enable every one to have accessible a diptheria antitoxin which is effiicient, the North Carolina State Board of Health, through its Laboratory of Hygiene, will supply any physician or druggM in the State with diptheria antitoxin at 25 cents a syringe. The child should be kept in a room to itself as much as possible, and only the person acting as nurse, and the doctor, should -enter. Use a handker chief to cover up the nose and throat so . as to prevent .those- nursing him fnm catching the disease, and always be careful along this line inasmuch as he- nay be,a diptheria carrier. He should have individual drinking ves sels and eating utensils for at least three weeks. As the "poison" made by the diptheria germs so often af fects the heart, it is best for a child to make sure to do this organ no harm, by , remaining in bed several days after he is seemingly well, and, even then, be cautious about takjng strenuous excercise for several weeks, Rule Governing Parents Rule 1. Each parent, guardian, house holder, and adult shall immediately and securely fasten in the most con spicuous place near the main entrance of his or her home (when living in a hotel, apartment house, or rented room, upon the door leading to their apartment or room) such placard as sent by the quarantine officer to him or her; and in case such placard is removed in any way whatsoever the householder, parent, or guardean shall immediately notify, the quaran tine officer, so that the placard can be replaced. This placard must re mamas specified for a period of twenty-one' days from the onset of the disease or until written permis sion is given by. the quarantine officer Rule 2. Each parent, guardian, housenoider, and adult shall report to church meeting, theatre, party picnic or( any other public assemblage, to go near a public park, or to appear upqn a public street, unless permitted to do so by the quarantine officer after having complied with the pro vision of rule 3. - Rule 9. Each parent,, guardian, householder, and adult must observe during and at the termination of the disease the following precautions, adopted by the North Carolina Board of Health for the prevention of the spread of diptheria : (a) Those having diptheria must be kept in rooms to themselves as well as housing conditions will permit. (b) As few. people as possible are' to be permitted to act as nurse, and in no instance a person whose duty will make it necessary for that party to leave the premises prior .to the termination of the quarantine; and those nursing the sick must be made to wash their hands after each ' assistance. (c) The room must be ventilated and the sun permitted to enter as in- sturcted by the doctor. . (d) As far as possible, the discharge from the nose and throat must be properly disposed of by supplying the sick with paper napkins, rags, etc., to cover up the cough and sneeze, and such rags, etc., must be burned after use. (e) The feeding utensils and drink ing vessels handled by a person who has diptheria must not be used by any other persons until they have been thoroughly boiled. (f) All washable material, . such as sheets, pillowcases, towels, etc., which have been used by or come m direct contact with the person having had diptheria must be cither boiled on the premises" or soaked for three hours in a solution of carbolic acid in the proportion of a tablespoonful to a. pint of water, or a preparation equiv alent in antiseptic power. To prevent the infection of the room and house during the disease is far better than to attempt to disinfect the room and house after the disease. All the terminal fumigations in the world will not atone for carelessness and uncleanlincss in the care of the sick. . ' . ' v It is good to give a room a thorough cleaning after any case of sickness. Such materials as can he boiled should be traeted; otherwise, expose it to the sunshine for several days..;. The room should be thoroughly aired and sunned. The floors and woodwork can be scrubbed with hot water and soap. These measures are safer and more, economical. than fumigation, , Rules Governing Teachers Rule 1. When a teacher, has reason to suspect that any person "residing in his or her school district has diptheria or "when any child is absent from school because of what may be dip theria, he or she must make a written report to the quarantine officer with in twenty-four hours, giving the name of the person or child, the name and address of the householder with whom the person or child lives, and the name of his or her school district. Rule 2. No teacher shall reside in a home where there is a person sick with diptheria, and conduct or attend a public on private school, unless housing conditions can be such that the patient and attendants can be and are completely isolated at all times. . Rule 3. The principal of each school must keep a copy of the posters and literature which points out the signs and symptoms of diptheria as fur nished to him or her upon applica tion to the North Carolina State Board of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Raleigh, N. C. Rule 4. When the principal of the school receives official notice from quarantine officer that diptheria exist in a family residing in the srhool dis trict, he. or she is (required to strictly obey and enforce the following rules: (a) He or she must exclude from his or her school each child living in a house, apartment, or room where diptheria exists, except such children as are shown to be immune to the disease by the Schick test or who have had three doses of toxin-antitoxin for not less than eight weeks; but in this instance throat and nose cultures must be made, to rule out the possibility of a carrier, and the patient and attendants must be com pletely isolated at all times. t'b) He or she must have observed daily the children in his or her school for signs and svmotoms of the c.isease,.;;nd is,ordered and empower ed to 'exclude immediately from school ;.ny pupil showing indications of din- theria, for five days or until the symp toms Jierc subsided, or a satisfactory certificate is presented, signed by a physician or the health officer. (c) He or she must report within twenty-four hours to the quarantine officer the name and address of the parent, householder, or guardian with whom the child resides.. (d) He or she must have called fer qucntly to the attention of the child ren" the signs, symptoms, and the dan gers of diptheria, and read aloud be fore the assembled school such letters references, or lectures, and send to the homes by the children such liter ature as he or she may receive from the county 'quarantine officer dealing with "FACTS ABOUT DIPTHERIA." (e) He or she, within twenty-four hours after receiving notification from the quarantine officer of the presence of diptheria in his or her school' district, must notify, by letter or othrewise, the superintendent of the Sunday schools, church officials, or some responsible person (when the address of such person - is known), and have it announced at-any public meeting which is being held, the pre valence of diptheria in his or her school district, its signs, symptoms, dangers, and precautions to be taken o as t) prevent its spread. '(f) He or she must not permit the use of. the common dipper, drinking cup, or open bucket, when diptheria is present in his, or her school district. Rule 5. The principal of each school must certify by letter to the quaran tine officer who has jurisdiction over the district that such duties as set forth in these regulations have been performed whenever notice is receiv ed from him of the prevalence of dip theria in his or her school district. Cut this out and keep it. ; PfffiSKSEE MOTIPFI We haveon hand the T. D. STOKES 11U1U,U AND COMPANY'S fine hats and caps for men and boys. A supply of Ready-to-W ear dresses for ladies, just in from New York; also sample line of shoes from J. K. Orr & Company, Atlanta, Ga. . You are invited to look over these items. J R. PENDERGRASS THIRD LYCEUM ATTRACTION The American Glee Club will be at the Court House Saturday, December 6th. This Glee Club is one of the best of the entire Lyceum Attractions. Quartette, Instrumental Music, Impersonations. DO NOT FORGET DATE l3 HEN the doctor writes your prescription you just naturally think of Frank Smith for he lias always filled them and you know he will do it right. I use only the purest' drugs and my prices are reasonable- ' . FRANK T. SMITH PRESCRIPTION DRUGGIST BIG CHRISTMAS EDITION On December 12th the Press will issue a Special Christmas Edition. Advertising rates as follows: "y Full Page, $13.50. Half Page, $6.75. Quarter Page, $3.40. Smaller Ads, 15c per column inch. , 1 : , Six pages already sold. Reserve space now and get your ads in by December first. Over 1,000 subscribers.
The Franklin Press and the Highlands Maconian (Franklin, N.C.)
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Nov. 28, 1924, edition 1
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