North Carolina Newspapers

i C is DAIRY EDITION fflY City OF THSMCUKTAIM3. DAIRY EDITION : 1 r -V El I It K I I Mf. W h in ii ",.Vr J, V V 'V V VOLUME XLI. FRANKLIN, N. C, FRIDAY, JULY 38, 1926 NUMBER THIRTY J 4 . I X -'J ( POPULARITY AND GUERNSEY By W. W. FITZPATRiCK ; CuerAVs were first introduted into the UnitM States near Philadelphia (...i iom ru -J. i i.t uvui iotu. xncj wc iiui uivu&iu 411 any considerable - numbers, how ever until the period from I860 to ,1880 A considerable number of farm ers and gentlemen having country es tates near Philadelphia beuame inter ested in the breed and in 1887 a few of them 'got together at Philadelphia and organized the American Guern sey Cattle Club, with the Wei of per petuating and increasing interest in the breed, and guaranteeing pedigrees of the animals entered in their herd book.. From that time the breed has grown until at the' present time there .are registered Guernseys in every state in the Union, ( and in most of the nations of the world. For the last ten years the. popu larity of the Guernsey bred has" ex ceeded that of any other breed of dairy cattle. ' This has , been shown by the prices for Guernseys at auc tion sales, and especially by the unusual prices realized in the sale of grade Guernseys at auction or pri vate sale. This popularity is due to the fact that Guernseys have proved economic producers of milk and WILL DAIRYING BE OVER-DONE IN THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA? By J. A. AREY, Dairy Extension Specialist at N.' C. Staite. College. As an occasional new creamery is started in 4his State, the question of 'When Will the Dairy Business be Over-Done?", often arises in the minds of beginners. These people rarely ever take the time to, determine the presnt production or demand for dairy products ; therefore a few fig ures id, show the facts- in the case may. be of interest ait this time.' According to a study , made by the .Federal Government, the peopje of the United States ate butter at.' fche -rate of 162,000,000 pounds each month during 1925, or thirty-three million pounds more per month than in 1920. Butter consumption has been gain ing year by year, showing the im proved position of the dairy industry. .The per capita consumption of butter in the United States is now seventeen pounds per year as against 15.5 in 1919. On a bsis of a butter com isumption of seventeen pounds per person, 42,200,000 " pounds would be -re-quired to meet the; demand anually of the population of North Carolina. ' According to ' statistics assenibled by the Federal Government, around .25,500,000 pounds of farm butter was made in this State last year This together with the 1,600,QOO pounds manufactured by our sixteen cream eries makes a total 'of 2.7,100,000 lbs., which is 17,100,000 short of the amount needed annually if we North Carolinians consume as much butter as the average for the American citi -fr THE VALUE OF By R. O. , LAWHON, Agricultural Agent, Southern Railway. . ' A great deal has1 been said and " X "written with reference to the value of utiing purebred sires. No, farmer ever boasts that he uses scrub sires, and .all, of them admit the value of pure bred sires, yet in this country, we still find a great majority of the farmers tisirig scrub and grade sires. ' Reviewing briefly some of the ad vantages arising from the use ' of standard . bred sires, we, might first put conformation and quality, pff spring from pure bred sires are uni formly good, while with scrub stock , - 'there. are usually one or two good ( J 'one to eight or ten poor onos. With beef cattle and hogs this means -more .TWyi-fht at an earlier age. With dairy cattle it. means a larger production of . -milk j wkh poultry, more eggs. Next, from a marketing standpoint the use "of purebreds ; always insures the largest returns. There is always a market for a good grade or purebred dairy cow or. heifer. A uniform load of beef Cattle will always sell at a , better priced than a mixed load of , scrubs. By having purebred poultry , the producer has the chanee of selling either market eggs, hatching? eggs, Jjaby chicks, or, purebred pullets and ' cockerels, whereas if the -flock is .composed of grade fowls ' the only product he could, sell would be 'mar ket eggs and poultry. It is the same way. with hoes. In every .community jt if to 'soil purebred pigs, arid ' .-a i a . i. ...... i Vkest and largest gains. forcibly brought, out VALUE OF THE COW IN DAIRYING butterfat of superior , quality; to the splendid disposition, and easy hand ling qualities of thevcows and the bulls of the , breed ';, and to the un usual yellow color and popular flavor of Guernsey milk. As a result of the increasing de mand for Guernseys, prices for both purebreds and grades have remained at a high level and the prospects are that it will be several years' before the supply can catch' up with the de mand. It is, . therefore, a good time for beginners t.o get started as Guernsey breeders. A farmer start ing with Guernseys has one advan tage not enjoyed by owners of cattle of any other breed. This is the fact that in the Guernsey breed one cow out of every seven old "enough to have been tested for the Advance Register has made an official year's record of milk and butterfat entitling her to entry in the Advance Register of ithe Guernsey breed. No other breed can anywhere near approach this record. The average for all Guernsey cows tested for the Advance Register is over 9600 pounds of milk and 483 pounds of . butter fat for the year's production. ' No other breed can ap proach this record or butter fat in a year. ., zen. In this respect North Carolina is representative of 'the, majority of the Southern States. The demand for market milk in this State is being supplied . by . local producers, but a large quantity of both milk arid sweet cream, for ice cream making, is still being shipped in from other states. There is one ice cream company o.cated in eastern North Carolina that imports annually around 300,000 gallons of milk from Virginia and Pennsylvania, which is converted into ice cream and sold locally. ' North Carolina, is a great cheese cossuming state. . Last year 8,000,000 pounds was required to meet the de mand of her people for iis product. Of this quantity, only 80,000 pounds was supplied by North Carolina cheese factories. Condensed milk' is another dairy product which is being imported into the State in large quantities. No data is available on the quantity of this material that is brought in an nually, but it can be found in almost every grocery store in our cities and in .many of them in our small country towns. This product should be manu f astured profitably within the State if milk was available in a sufficient quantity. From the above data it is very evident that it will be some time be? fore the production of dairy products in this State will equal the demand, therefore no one need fear for an over production soon. PURE - BRED SIRES in the ton litter contest held in In diana in which every liter that quali fted was sired by a purebred boar. The above are advantages from a utiliy standpoint alone, that every farmer appreciates. Realizing these advantages, let's see why more farmers-do not secure purebred especially dairy sires.; Probably the greatest reason given is cost and the average person can hardly be blamed for hav ing this idea. A lot of publicity is given to 'purebred; sales and when a farmer reads about this and that animal selling for several thousand dollars, he immediately gets the idea of purebreds out of his mind, because he knows that he cannot pay any thing like that for a whole herd, much less for a bull. Also in reading about these sales he gets the idea in his head that he must. have a bull from -a dam "with large records, al though he may only have a scrub or grade herd. He thinks that he had better save up his money until he can buy such a bull. This is a thought that every dairy farmer should get out of his mind. 'If you are using a grade sire because you think you can not afford one of the very best pure bred bulls, dismiss the thought. ' Find the best purebred, bull that you can afford and. secure him. The average purebred bull born in a good breed er's herd .is- more to be desired tan the best scrubUha is in -existence, ft1 dos not take a man who begins using a purebred sire long, to' realize' the folly of using scrubs. With - each succeeding generation as he builds up his herd he will "choose a better pure bred sire The day will come, when J PLAN GIGANTIC CipBRATION Opening of Asheville-Frank-lin-Atlanta Highway to be Celebrated Plan Biggest Affair in History. r: Sometime in September. fh!.part date and place ' to be announce! in .l. n ' . . ... , c- V rr"s next weeK, citizens oi twns-out of the six thousand grasses sQ-fu from Clayton, Ga., to Asheville lvill,as hay crops and temporary and'oer- get together in a monster celebration in commemoration of the openng' of the Asheville -Frankin-Clayton-iAt-lanta Highway. ; . At the date of the celebration a ribbon of concrete will reach from the Geargia line, fourteen miles south of Franklin, to Asheville and thence southeast, east and northeast over various highways to any part of the State. ' ' Governor Arigusl McLian,!! Ex Governor Morrison, Mr. Frank Page, Chairman State Highway' Commission, Mr. Max Gardner, believed by many ' . XT r v f i to become North Carolina s next governor, officials of the various chambers of commerce along the route, editors of newspapers, and many prominent men fro mthis sec tion, will be invitd to tak part in the celebration. . Among, other features of the cele bration a big barbecue is planned to feed the thousands who will be pres ent. A trip over the highway from Clayton to Asheville is another fea ture of the celebration that will be enjoyed by all, particularly those who have never traveled oyer the route in question. A committee from the Sylva Cham ber of Commerce, consisting of Messrs. J. H. Wilsbn, J. F. Fries and D. G. Bryson, visited Franklin last Monday and conferred with a com mittee iof the local chamber relative to the details of the celebration. Mr. J. H. Wilson of Sylva was chosen as president of- the committees; Mr. C. C. Poindexter, of Franklin, as secre tary. Both committees visited Clay ton, Ga., and conferred with .mem bers of the Clayton chamber of com merce. It was decided there to in vite to the celebration Hon. John Holder, Chairman of the Highway Commission of Georgia, and candi date for governor of that state, and other prominent Georgians. Alex Moore Becoming Uneasy Uncle John Berry says that since he began practicing for the cow call ing contest to be held at Franklin on July 30th .'at the formal opening of the- creamery here, Mr. Alex Moore has been making almost daily trips to Hamburg to count his herd now pasturing there. Mr. Berry says that his voice has improved wonderfully within the last two weeks and that Mr. Moore's orecaution in makina daiy trips to Hamburg is a wise one. Reports reaching Franklin , are to the effect that Mr. W.A. McGaha and Mr. John Murray from down on Matlock creek are also practicing and are betting two to one that they will win the contest. All the county com missioners are reported as entering the contest. AH in all it seems that Mr. Arrendale has started something. The question now seems to be whether or not he can stop U. Rumors from various sections of the county have it that the women folks have run the men plumb off the job of milking. One good lady who is keeping her name a secret says she can milk a gallon every two minutes. Others claim that this is an exaggeration. However.the milk ing contest on July 30th will tell the story he will need a sire from a tested dam and whn that day comes he will be able to pay what such a sire is worth. It is impossible t? make money milk ing low producing, cows. High pro; ducers cost money because they are profitable. . " Every dairyman1- should remember that the best producing animals are just like the best and richest soils less , work, larger' returns. The cheapest and most practical way f6r the . average dairyman to get high producers is1' through the use of good pureed sires. Thre is a saying that the purebred sire is one-half the herd--the, V scrub the whole herd. Thint it over and see ' if that isn't true, : , . .' ' . .. PASTURE GRASSES AND PASTURE BUILDING FOR MACON COUNTY, R. SAMS . I have been requested to write a short article for the Franklin Press on the above Sub'ect. Some farmers may be surprised at the great num ber of grasses throughout the world. Authorities r state that about 6000 different grasses have been classified and named in the world. While this ,s ue farmers, of , Macon county J could get along quite well .with eight manent pastures are concerned. These eight grasses are as follows viz: Orchard grass, Tall Meadow Cat grass, Red Top, Timothy, Dallis grass, , Meadow Fesene, Kentucky Blue grass and Bermuda grass. Then there are . six . clovers, (so called) viz; White Dutch, Japan, Al syke, Hop, Burr and White Sweet ciover that should be used liberally in every grass mixture." Bur clover will not do much in Macon county except on rich warm natured land White Blooming Sweet Clover will do well in any section of Macon county when lime is used freely. And on some soils it will do well with little or. no lime; but it is a lime require- - ' - 'nfiT legume. White Dutch clover, jaKpan 8dover ftnd Hop ciover are' smau pasture plants independent of Jime requirements. Alsyke is to some ' extent perennial' and produces heavy crops or seed when not grazed too close, and will remain in the pasture for several years. The White Dutch clover is perennial, and the Japan, Hop and Bur clovers are annual re seeders. They should be sown in every pasture mixture for more reas ons than one. They give variety to live stock. They come along from the Growing demand for HIGH CLASS DAIRY CATTLE By V. W. LEWIS, Senior Marketing Specialist, North Carolina' Depart ment of Agriculture, Division of Markets. JBeing by nature well watered and adapted to the growing of grass, it is necessary that Macon and adjom ing counties remain interested in live stock. With the advent of better roads and the advance in the price of hbor and land it is necessary that these coun ties change their old system of mar keting their crops, feeding hay. and other feeds to milk cws. The old system of grazing a few cattle,' growing a little grain and hay is not furnishing the proper income for meeting the obligations of the farmers of this section. While the milking 'of cows is not entirely new, milking cows for a commercial pur pose is somewhat new, The dairy cow is a machine for making greater use of the feed grown and the kind which the farmer is accustomed to growing. While we find the cow ' wherever man is found in the highest state of civilization; in most sections of the country, we find the milking of, cows in a commercial wajs only when the inhabitants find that agreater income cm be had by so doing, or are forced to do so There are' many sections of the south that should be milking cows for the sale of milk and cream but there are other than feed crops gown and labor conditions are such that it is felt the handling of extra cows would not be profitable. The practice of milking cows even in those sections is proving profitable; how ever, the one crop system practiced has remaind a barrier to the industry up untit'tfiev present time. It seems to 'me that the territory including Macon and adjoining counties has a very bright future for the dairy in dustry. . If the farmers of this territory had been accustomed to the growing of cotton and tobacco, it no doubt would have been much harder to have built up the interest that is now found in the dairy industry in this section. In going into this new industry, the question : what is going to happen farmers may be asking 'themselves when, every farmer in the south be gins milking cows? I have just re lated the fact that certain barriers have obstructed the growth of the dairy industry in a large portion of the south and farmers of Macon and adjoining counties need not' fear that at any near future time will thcybe confronted with a serious problem' Of marketing cither surplus milk or cream. , v . ; ' ..' . . .' The dairy uidustryria the south is less than twenty years of age. In North Carolina, only , one pound of butter1 out of 17 needed for percapha consumption v is manufactured in Bur clover in February to Japan clover in September, and they gather nitrogen; from the atmosphere and place it in the soil'.to aid the grasses in growth, which have not this power. Now with these eight grasses and six clovers, the farmers of Ma con county have nothing to keep them from enjoying tho most beautiful aad profitable pastures, only to select rich, land and sow proper mixtures of these grasses and clovers, and then take the proper care when established. No one ever thinks of preparing a piece of rich land and planting good seed corn in the soil and then going away till harvest time and expect to come back and reap a good harvest. Why then should a farmer expect more of grass and clover when pianiea tnan cornr let, the grasses wilt endure great negligence and abuse and still yield a dividend; but the dividends will be much larger when proper care. is bestowed. Until pro perly established, weeds and bushes should be kept down; it should never be over-grazed, and should be re seeded, cultivated and fertilized when it shows failure. What I imean by cultivation is by using a spike-tooth harrow on the sod occasionally and sow a light dres sing of seed. In some instances where the sod becomes sod bound and the land becomes hard and tough, a disc harrow and .the spike-tooth harrow should be used -with caution; and re seeding with an application of lime and acid phosphate is good for the pasture. Any management that keeps the grasses and clovers & dark green, and vigorous is good for the pasture for the live stock and also for their owner. . . . North Carolina as creamery butter4 ten pounds is farm butter the other; six pouna Demg imported trom out- siae tne ataie. One of our problems in this State is to, assist in converting a larger part of this fam buter into a standard pro duct, even before we are able topro duce an extra quantity to take care of that now imported; For this reason the creamsrv law hpinor nncnpd . a j - - afford a market for much of the ter fat that has beer, going iitoj&rnr butter. . .1 there is no need to -worry as to the market tor them. Unly this spms Eastern Tennessee shipped ""'s'everal cars of good, milk cows to Wisconsin, a state that has been engaeed in the dairy business for a number of years on a very lf.rge scale. ' Since the average North Carolina' cow produces annually less than 2809 pounds of milk, which would be re garded as unprofitable, one of the problems of the milk producers of this State, is to raise the' standard of the average cow which will take con siderable time. It takes several years to build up a good high producing herd. In many sections of the State the farmers are not wait jpg to breeds up their present native cattle but are dis posing of them and buying better ctows. This kind, of proceedure . k making a market within our own State for large numbers of milk cows each year. It is hoped that Such " rapid progress will be made in Macon and adjoining counties that it will be - possible to buy milk cows in that section within a few years. ; Farmers of Macon and adjoining counties are to be congratulated on the fine stsfrt they have made in dairying. Properly handled milking cows on the farm should mean" the following to the section: 1. More hours of profitable labor per day. v J 2. A greater income per farm; j. More fertile farms: ' fv 4. Better homes. 5. A fuller developed life on "the fasm. Siren To Go On Joines lock Mr. S. R. Joines has i'e town ncrmiccinit the the fire alarm siren on top 0f the J Block in the square, ft k aC7" tral location and u, 'ies f e commended for pn-'nif' j.j r J the Siren w go on in yu;.Mj nig.