FACE TV0
THE FRANKLIN PRESS, FRANKLIN, N. C.
THURSDAY, AUGUST 23, 1323
"CIVILIZATION BEGINS AND ENDS WITH THE PLOW"
THINGS TO PLAN TO
THROUGHOUT COMING YEAR
The Farmers' Day at the test
farm at Swannunoa on May 17,
1S28.
Poultry loading depot with facili
ties for grading eggs.
!
An annual poultry show.
Monthly livestock sales.
Farmers' own line of delivery
trucks. .
Purebred sires and seeds.
. '
Guernsey cattle association.
A semi-annual seed exchange day.
A Harvest Carnival one. day of
the bread and butter show.
Just About the Farm
We had a chicken sale this week.
There was things happened there that
has not happened for over a year.
Local poultry dealers carnc to the
car door and tried to buy chickens
after they had been brought to the
sale. Now, its only right and proper
for a man to spend his own money
atViprf and how he wants to. Its
only right and proper for a farmer
to sell his stuff where and to wnom
P.iit and this is a sure
enough condition it is not right; and
fair for me to arrange with the car
lot hnvcrs to no to the expense of
coming here and not get the chick
ens that it is. intended that they
cVinn1f1 iiKtt'hpcauso some one is will
ing to pay a little more then and
there. If they have such a great
and Macrnanimous disposition why do
they not pay the car prices at the
time? And here is another thing
that I want every one to get in their
minds and think over seriously. If
th;s practice is carried on- and con
5ntiH T will not cro to the trouble
of" getting carlot buyers. In other
words, in so far as 1 am concerned,
thp rn-onrrativc sales of poultry will
stop. If it is thought that the above
is said as a bluff,, it is easily called.
Th
the market will stand on your pout
try. And it is, to say the least, un
ethical to break faith with the carlot
buyers after they have come here to
ta)ce the poultry in exchange for cash
at the car" door. , ' '
It was said at the pouitry sale this
week by one or two that, due notice
was not sent out advertising the sale.
Just by way of information, I. would
like to say that the sale was adver
tised for two weeks in The Franklin
Press, on one of these times the
prices were given. Th'erc .was, also
five hundred post cards sent out
giving the date of the sale and the
prices. Notices were also sent to the
Extension Service bulletin boards at
the post offices in the county. It
was also posted on the Extension
Service bulletin board at the court
house. Each rum! mail carrier was
sent a card so th?.t. they would be
able to answer anv questions that
may have been askod them. So what
will some have? special delivery
on a silver platter?
Quite a few have '"M us that they
are selling every fowl that they have
and are getting all pure breds. That
is the pmper spirit. But it is well
to sound this warning breed alone
does not make for ,'surcess.. It takes
housing and feed and sanitation and
constant care s as ' he able to de
tect any thing amiss before it has had
time to go f-MY
'snnVin.r of houses. Did. VOU ever
notice: that the birds run! insects do
not build their nests till the weather
fnts warm ? If this is nature's way
how can we expect our hens; to do
double duty i. e. keep up their body
temperature and lay eggs at the: same
time. Here . is . where nature has to
be assisted by. having wann, well
ventilated houses and a balancecTTa-
tion. : ' " '
It is reported from England that
there is a new breed of chickens that
has' . been imported from Holland
called the "Barnevcldc" that is far
superior to any that has yet been
developed both as to. meat qualities
and as to egg production. We are
trying to get a few started here. The
best is none too good for Macon,
v
HOGS
Hogs are bringing thirtees cc Tits
on foot now. Just how long tr :y
will stay up is, of course proble
matical, but" is a safe move to fe--d
out as fast as we can and get them
on the market. Just as soon as there
is a car ready we will give all who
want it an opportunity to ship.
Practically all of the "down in the
back" is caused from starvation. That
is hard to believe, but it is a fact all
the same. The truth is that the hog
is being fed a ration that is short
in calcium, phosphorous, oidine, salt
r some other of the essential chem
ical elements.
CONSULT YOUR
KEEP YOUR FARM AND IT WILL KEEP YOU AND YOURS
The most practical mineral mi-lure,
as has been so often said, is ten
pounds, ci acid phosphate (the .same
that is used under corn), ten pounds
of wod' ashes, and two pounds of
salt. , Place this in a trough and keep
it in a dry place where the hogs may
get it any lime that they want it.
Tankage fed with the corn makes
the corn go farther and makes the
meat come cheaper hence makes hog
raising more prontable.
v
Mr. Hays, the hog expert' from
the college, will be here for a week
in a short time. If there is anyone
that wants him for" anything, a word
left at the farm agent's office will
bring him. Mr. Hays knows his hogs
and has' been worth hundreds of
thousands of dollars to the farmers
in the eastern part of the state where
they make great calls on his time and
knowledge.
A premium of two cents a pound
is being offered on hogs that are
guaranteed to kill hard. This supply
means hogs that have been fed a
balanced ration and are backed up
by the seller's affidavit. It pays.
Too many hogs are attended in the
pen. " We turned down some of this
kind at the last sale, and will turn
down more, if they come up at the
sales iir-thc-futurc. In -selling live.
hogs, like . in everything else, its
quality stuff that brings the most
profitable price.
When Macon county farmers and
they arc doing it get a reputation
for only the best, they will not have
to sell. Buyers will come and buy
and pay a profitable price.
CATTLE AND PASTURES
When arc we going to nave, the
eighty per cent of Macon county
that is fit only for pasture, fenced
in and laid down to permanent grass
es and stocked up with cattle, sheep
and in fact all kinds of livestock
and let them do their own harvesting
and work for us while we are asleep
or "arplayr orat some-other work;
chine s t o 1 akTh?"dfudgery out df
farming. They have merely adapted
themselves to their conditions. Here
we may use livestock- for- the same
purpose when we have adapted our
selves to our conditions.
:',
There is no 1 time like the late
summer and early fall to lay out fence
lines and get the draining done that
is necessary to sweeten up the sour
places. And there is no where on
the farm that this will pay as we'll
as in the pasture.
It matters not whether you are a
beef man, a sheep man or a dairy
man, the order of profitable farm
practice is to keep livestock.
.
Livestock gives year round employ
ment, and keeps up soil fertility.
And as the profit or loss in farming
comes always back to the soil,: it pays
to look well to soil fertility. But
how many really study this question ?
If you cannot or won't, better get
into some other kind of work before
you get any older for to wait means
less and less opportunities fw ad
vancement for a comfortable old age.
SHEEP
Did you ever ' figure on the easy
money in a few sheep on every farm
in this county? When sheep 'are
mentioned its always the dogs that arc
mentioned. Well, they are a nuis
ance, but there arc ways and means
of handling this situation. Think out
the one best suited to your situation.
. .
The co-operative sheep selling pools
in Tennessee are realizing four cents
a pound more on their sheep than
are the farmers in the western part
of this state that do not sell co
operatively. What's to be done about
it?
- " LYLES HARRIS,
County Farm Agent.
FARM HAPPENINGS
IN MACON COUNTY
I have just returned from a visit in
South Carolina. yThe more I see of
the farming conditions in other ser-
ftions the more I realize that the farm
ers of this section are blessed more
than they realize. There was hardly
a chicken to be seen on the farms
anywhere that I went. Cows were
very few and far between, and the
floods had played havoc with so large
an amount of the little crops that
the conditions in some sections are
pitiful.
In macon we have had plenty of
rain and at times maybe a little too
much, but on the whole we have been
very free of floods and hard, washing
rains. Our crops are looking,, the
best that can be found anywhere.
All that is required is the will to do
and the bogey of hard times will dis
appear like a magic wand had been
waved over the . land. Things will
COUNTY AGENT
The farm pages of The Press arc
edited by the county cgent in col
laboration with the editor.
not f,ct done themselves. They will
have to be done by human hands.
They always have and they always
will.
Our tomatoes have, suffered from
the excessive moisture. This is not
a source of discouragement to the
business farmer for he knows that
everything cannot "hit" every year.
.
There are several farmers asking
about planting beets and turnips for
the cannery. Crosby is the variety
of beet that is best for canning. :The
long beet is to be avoided.
There will be a lot of stuff planted
for the spring season of canning from
present indications. These early can
ners, like garden peas, beets, spring
salad and a little later cucumbers, are
all sure sources of income. After
reading figures of some of the folks
that have kept an accurate account of
the cost of production, there will not
be many people to say that they can
not. grow stuff at cannery prices. To
do so will be to place themselves in
the Hick Farmer class by their own
statement. And who wants to do
that?
I was surprised to 'learn that there
are about fifty radios on the farms
of Macon county and that there are
fully that many more people that in
tend installing radio at an early date.
There is a radio in the farm agent's
office that is at the service of any
citizen of the county. They may
come in and listen in on it or they
may look it over and learn how to
work one. Just any time from nine
in the morning to five in the evening.
Have you taken that vacation this
summer? If not better take one.
It is often an eye opener to get off
and see things from a distance. "Try
itand seer- -Then - it - helps - in - a
PTCSidcrj"'-' ye" mtimmUu.,.,
"Speaking or Vacations."""" 'jtiowaoout
coming down to Memphis with us in
October ? There are several Jadies
going this time as well and it will be
a great party. Mr. Jim Corbin is
going to furnish the music. I am
taking the radio so we can keep in
touch with the happenings every even
ing. Think it over. You know, of
the occasion of the trip to Memphis.
There is a farm picture every Sat
urday night at the. Idle Hour Theatre
at no extra cost.
Don't .forget Bert Slagle's Dairy
Picnic on' August 30th.
LYLES HARRIS, Farm Agent.
SCRUBS AND COSTLY LUXURY
Very rapidly the great dairy indus
try with its continuous check for the
farmer, is moving into the Southland.
The Southern states have the climate,
so it is merely a matterof the farm
er's readjusting his manner of handl
ing his land, himself and his ten
nants, if he is a large land owner.
A recent issue of the Southern
Agriculturist carried a thought-pro
voking editorial on this timely . sub
ject. It was a long editorial so your
county agent has cut out the heart
of it and pasted it below.
Any community can change its scrub
stock into high-grade stock without
much cost. It isn't necessary to send
off and buy Jersey and Holstein cows.
This could not be done by many
communities. But at small cost high
grade bulls may be substituted for the
j scrub bull, and in this way the stock
I of the community may be transformed
within a short time.
1 Scrub cows or scrub stock of any
kind arc a very costly luxury. No
poor man can afford this luxury.
'Good-cows -are-;a-paying investment
now, and they are in reach of the
poores,t farmers. It is simply a mat
ter of ability between the scrub lia
bility and the graded cow asset.
Merchants, bankers, school teachers,
preachers and other men of leader
ship in rural communities of the South
should Organize at once to eliminate
every scrub cow, every scrub hog,
every scrub horse, every scrub chick
en, and every scrub farmer from
their communities. The scrub has
served his day and must go. He
doesn't, fit into modern conditions.
He is now the emblem of poverty,
ignorance, and failure, and is a re
flection on any community in the
South.
The chief responsibility for this
needed transformation is on the
leadership of the community, the
banker, the merchant, the school
teacher, the preacher the intelligent
farmer; . The rank and file in many
cases don't know how to bring about
the change There is a great . re
sponsibility on tbe leadership of their
committees today, and there should
be great condemnation laid at the
door of those who -shirk this re
sponsibility. AS YOU WOULD
"EVERY DAY, IN A DAIRY
WAY, WE ARE GETTING
BUTTER AND BUTTER"
Thanks to the Billion Dollar Ban
dit, the Cotton Belt has at last be
come cow minded. Condcnserics,
cheese factories, creameries and skim
ming stations are - springing up
wherever the supply of milk warrants.
There is good money in cows, whcii
properly handled, but dairying is not
a get-fich-quick scheme. Nor should
it be looked upon as an emergency
program to be abandoned when the
major crop outlook seems promising.
It is a mistake for the average
farmer who has always specialized
on one big crop such as cotton, to
plunge into dairying on a large scale.
But such a farmer makes no mistake
in starting with a few good cows as
a sideline and gradually increasing
his herd as he learns to take care of
it.
Farmers in Faulkner county, Ark
ansas, will sell around a quarter of
a million dollars worth of milk this
year, and, they are raising as much
cotton as "they did before they started
producing milk for market.
Oktibbeha county, Mississippi, far
mers are, also raising as much cotton
and other crops as they did before
dairying amounted to anything with
them. And their income from milk
is approximately a million and a half
f- dollars -a -year,
In 1922 there were two creameries
in Louisianna and the state produced
only 85,000 pounds of butter . Today,
there are fourteen creameries and the
production of butter last year approx
imated 1,000,000 pounds, despite the
fact that some of the best, dairy
sections were flooded last summer.
Dairy progress has not been at the
expenese of other crops.
Alabama produced nearly 43 million
dollars worth of milk last year. There
are 24 creameries operating in that
state. Dairying is practiced to some
extent in every county in Alabama
but most progress seems to have been
made iy, that part of the state where
folks used, to think nothing but cot
ton was worth while.
In every Southern community where
UK -,l Mvy: VJ""4." ita.V- tunic-' iiitd" jitr
and profitable farming will be found
Five or six dairy cows, a hundred
or so hensf and a brood sow on every
Southern farm will come nearer solv
ing'" the farm problem than all the
legislation that Congress could enact
from now until Gabriel toots his horn.
Someone has referred to the eight
M's that are essential to general
prosperity in the South More Meat,
More r Milk, - More Manure, More
Money. The eight M's are very
much in evidence on farms where
dairying is caried on.
MILK USED IN BREAD MAKING
IMPROVES NUTRITIVE VALUE
In making white bread the use, of
whole or skim milk to supplement the
proteins and minerals of wheat flour
is strongly recommended by the Unit
ed States department of agriculture.
Since bread is a staple foodstuff, the
use of milk in bread would insure a
better nourished population.
Dry skim milk may be used in
bread making with good results. In
addition to supplementing the nutri
tive value it improves the general ap
pearance of the bread loaf and en
hances its ease of manufacture
There' are, however,, certain differ
ences in flours and in their reaction
to skim milk in the dough which in
fluence the ease of bread manufacture
and necessitate special attention to
certain stages. of the process. In or
der to determine what these differ
ences in flours arc' and how they af:
feet the handling of bread made with
dried milk, a study was made by the
Bureau of ' Dairy Industry of the
United States . department of agricul
ture. It was found that the hard spring
wheat flours used in the experiments
reacted more favorably to the use uf
dried skim . milk than did wniter
wheat flours. " The range of fermen
tation time in which doughs give
good bread is , increased by using
skim milk. This adds to. the ease
of manufacture and is a very impor
tant property. The lactose of the
milk imparts a desirable golden-brown
color to the crust of the baked loaf.
The texture and color of the crumb
are also improved. - '.
SNOW IS A REAL BLANKET FOR
CLOVER FIELDS IN WINTER
Winter killing of alfalfa and clover
presents examples that seem to be
contradictory, Dr. A. J; Pieters,, ex
plained to a gathering of seedsmen
recently. Doctor Pieters, who is one
of the forage-crop specialists of the
United States department of agricul
ture, in discussing the adaptation of
alfalfa and clover to climatic extreme
am in resistance to diseases, said im
ported seed was, as a rule, inferior
to native seed, and that strains Suc
cessful in one region in the United
States were to be recommendd only
for( othr regions having approximately
the same extremes of temperature.
Temperature averages ar of small
srvice as guids, he said. He also
YOUR DOCTOR OR
THINGS TO PLAN FOR RIGHT
NOW
' That cream check every two
weeks.
That cannery check every time
you come to town.
'
Fat hog sale in June.
Bread and Butter Show next
fall.
Encourage the 4-H Clubbers.
.
Big Fanners' day next fall.
Local Curb Market.
Breed sows so that the pigs will
go on the market in March, April
August and September.
emphasized the important role which
snowfall plays in the wintering of
alfalfa and clover, particularly in the
northern sections where winters are
severe.
"We need to know the lowest tem
peratures," said Dr. Pieters. "Not
only that, but we need to know
whether these low temperatures will"
reach the plant. When plants are
covered during winter under a heavjr
blanket of snow, the cold recorded
u i 1 r
uy . nit vvc(iiiici uuudu limy ucvci
reach them. In . the Northeast low
temperatures arc usually accompanied
by heavy snowfalls, so that these low
temperatures do not operate effective
ly on plants at the ground level.
As .an illustration, Italian clover at
Chatham' in the Northern Peninsula
of Michigan has never winterkilled
so much as it has near Lansing,
Mich., or in Ohio, though the air
temperatures at Chatham are much
lower. The snowfall begins early and
the plants" are protected by several
feet of snow during the entire period
of severe weather."
LARCH CANKER IS MENACE TO
WESTERN FIRS AND PINES
A newly imported tree- disease' lurk-"
( liig" ill i ' Milan ai to -Ci "1.1h? Z
to our most valuable forest tree, the- s
Douglas fir, and also is a, menace .to-
western yellow pine," according to the
United States department, of agricul
ture. Writine in the 1927- Yearbook of
...
the department, Haven Metcalf, of
the Bureau of Plant Industry, says ;
the importation of the European larch
canker may cost this continent hun
dreds of millions of . dollars. The dis
ease has long been known in Europe,
its native homef and in the last hun
dred years has caused great damage
to the larch there.
"If," says Dr. Metcalf, "the disease
would continue, to limit its attentions
to the various kinds of larch, its
appearance here would not be a mat
ter of alarm. The eastern North
American larch, tamarack or hackma
tack, as it, is best known in New
England, is widely distributed, prac
tically covering the north of the con- ,
tincnt from New England to British-
Columbia and Alaska. -
"But, as is often the case with an -introduced
disease, the larch canker
is not behaving in Massachusetts quite
as it does in Europe. It is not only
attacking Eurooean and American
larches, as would be expected, but is
also attacking Douglas fir. What is
even more unexpected, it has attack
ed planted trees of western yellow
pine. Douglas fir is perhaps the most
i important single species of forrst tree
in North America, and western yel
low pine is widely distributed and
valuable. Any disease that could
make serious inroads on, eit'ier of 4
these trees would quickly assume the
! proportions, of a national calamity.
I "The European larch canker is a
bark disease of the same general1 type
as the chestnut blight, which is
strongly . resembles. . On European .
latches it girdles and quickly . kills .
young trees, but is not inclined to
:J1 rAA- ,.1.1,. T
IIUIC I.I1UC1 . .IIllJltlVlJ ah
stead it forms one or more permanent
cankers oai the trunk, spoiling the
tree for timber "and producing weak
spots at which the tree readily breaks
under stress of wind or snow. In
Xurope-thediseaseis-distinctly Javorr 1
ed by moist or foggv climate, which
is the prevailing climate- of those
parts of the Pacific coast where
Douglas fir grows best.
"TTo to October, 1927, the European .
larcll canker has been found only
in an area in eastern Massachusetts
pbout 14 miles long by 4 miles wide.
If it has not been introduced in any
other place within attacking distance
of the hackmatack, and is really re
stricted to this small area, it might
still be possible to stamp it out, al-v
though both hte practical and tech
nical difficulties of such an under
taking would be serious. But what- '
ever is done must be done soon, for
if the disease once becomes establish
ed in the tamarack of northern New
England and Canada it will be beyond
practical control and will spread un- '
hindered to the Pacific coast."
YOUR LAWYER