section n
FARM
DEPARTMENT
HOUSEHOLD
PAGE
VOLUME XLV
FRANKLIN, N. C, THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1930
NUMBER NINETEEN
FEVER CONTROL
AUK) MrLAlrliW
Eradication Of House Fly
Is First Step To Stop
TvnrJinin
m j ,
HOW MALARIA BEGINS
Specie Of Mosquito Is Sole
; "' fv Disease.. .
. . ;
One most active agency in trans
mitting typhoid defies the, detective
but its activity in this is beyond a
shadow of doubt, that is the house
fly. This is the most direct of all
the agencies and without doubt the
most common one in the country.
Most of the unaccountable cases arc
the work of this most prevalent hu
man pest, the house fly. So well is
this known that some writers are
now calling it the typhoid fly. No
great effort of the imagination is
needed to make a case against the
fly. For instance, the excrement of
'a sick person or the spit of a con
sumptive is left uncovered on the
premises, the dining room window is
open, a saucer of cold pudding is on
the table. Do not turn from the
thought in disgust but rather ponder
' over it well. You may conclude to
screen that dining room window and
also, to cover or disinfect the ex
crement and to burn the spit of the
consumptive.
A fly wading into excrement will
carry on its feet thousands Of bac
teria and with these it can poison
milk, water and food, by simply
walking over or into it.
Why fear snakes, centipedes, or
taranlulas about our camp when we
have flies? Poisonings and "deaths
caused by flies are thousands of
times more than are due to all other
poisonous creatures.
These , facts are established. Then
what are we to do about it ? One
thing we can do effectively always.
That is, screen against the fly. This
is necessary and a duty for health's
sake, and it is fully worth while to
screen to get rid of the simple
nuisance of the flies even .if health
11 . ' !i
oiq not require u.
l'her are manv kinds and qualities
Aurnai POM IMlfifWf
to , suit his purpose and purse, in
ny case it is vastly cheaper . than
octor bills beside the comfort se
cured. Screen your house against the
flv and then murder everv fly that
slips in. It may seem trivial to give
space here to directions for making
"fly swatters." Tt is simple, easv,
and like play, but the reader is ad
vised to take this whole subject se
riously. Fly Swatters
, Shear out pieces of wire fly screen
about 4x5 inches : fasten these to the
end of a light stiff switch or splinter
about 18 inches long. The fastening
to the ' switch can best be .made by
strapping on with light wire. '
Every home should have one in
every room and the chiladre'H should
be encouraged to use them and taught
Eggsv Aid To Better Health
According To Food Experts
Eggs rank high in the list of foods
to be included in a well selected diet.
The yolk is a gold mine of health and
the white is almost a pure protein
food.'
"When we use eggs in the diet, we
are availing ourselves of one of Na
ture's richest storehouses of food,"
says Miss Mary Thomas, nutrition
specialist at State College. "Not only
does the yolk contain a fine quality
of protein and fat for building ma
terial and energy but it also contains
a rich store of minerals and vitamins
necessary for growth, health and vig
or. The egg yolk is one of the rich
est sources of iron so essential in
making - red corpuscles in the blood.
This yolk contains the vitamins A,
B, D and E. It is particularly rich
in vitamin A needed for growth and
for building up resistance ta pul
monary diseases."
Miss Thomas ' says also that egg
yolk is the best of all the common
LETTERS
TO SECURE BINDER TWIWE ,
Salisbury, N. C, April 28, 1930.
Dear Sir :
If interested in binder twine please
make your order up and send it to
me as soon as possible. The price
will be about $5.70 per bale on Inter
national or some other good grade of
twine. McCormick-Decring will cost
25c per bale more. The above price
is F. O. B. Salisbury, N. C.
It would be better for the Granges
in each county to get their orders
together and have small orders ship
ped to one address. AH' twine will
be shipped bill of lading attached. '
Hoping that each Grange; will take
advantage of this,- I am
5,. H.. GOODMAN,
Business Acent. '-"
VvKtnrial.Note: This is one of the
methods by which the Grange assists
its members. Members will find it
advantageous to make use of such
suggestions.
whv.
One other remedy against poisoning
bv flies is to leave nothing poisonous
where they can get to it. Filth they
will find but all filth is not positively
poison. To illustrate: If there is
a patient with typhoid at the home,
the excrement should be buried deep
in dry earth or sterilized according to
a doctor's" direction. It is a crime to
do otherwise. In an isolated home
one can protect his family effectively
but where several families live near
tn each other the negligence of one
will endanger the whole community,
which fact is None illustration ot tne
need of cooperation for public welfare
in any community.
It is quite possible . to get ride of
the danger and nuisance of house
flies by preventing their breeding.
Tho possible, public opinion is not
sufficiently developed at this date
HQ29V to enforce regulations arid co
operation that would practically sup
press this fly and others like him.
Already some of the more progres
sive communities are cooperating
against the fly with encouraging re
sults The dav is not distant when
barns and cow stalls will be screened
and also the manure pit, for it is
there that the flv breeds chiefly. One
encouraging point about such a prop
osition is that every step to stop
the breeding of flies is a step toward
cleanliness and toward comfort as well
as towards health . of both man and
his animals.
Malaria Fever
As well informed and thoughtful
people are now obliged-to associate
typhoid fever and the housefly, even
more so must' we associate malarial
fever with the mosquito.
No discovery in recent years in the
field of health is more wonderful nor
fraught with more far reaching re
sults than that malarial fever and yel
low fever are caused by the bite of
a certain kind of mosquito and by
nothing else. Not many years ago the
idea was prevalent that malaria was
due to bad air (malaria means bad
air) or bad water or both, and that
yellow fever was contageous like
measles. At that time any story in
Arabian Nights would have seemed
as plausible as that these diseases
foods for vitamin D which is now
known to be necessary in building
strong, straight bones, sound teeth
and to prevent rickets' in children.
Formerly it was thought wise to
substitute other less expensive foods
for eggs in winter when they are
high. This is a mistake, says Miss
Thomas. Eggs contain such vital food
elements that every effort should be
made to include them in the diet , at
all times. Particularly is this true of
small children. She recommends that
the baby's diet include some egg yolk
each day and that the child two "years
old and older have at least one egg
each day.
1 Eggs are easily and quickly digest
ed if cooked so the protein is not
toughened or coated with grease. To
cook eggs well they must be cooked
at a low temperature, that is, below
the boiling point of water, and cook
them for as short a time as possible,
advises Miss Thomas.
SPRAY MIXTURE
AIDS POTATOES
Bordeaux Compound Kills
Flea Beetles, ugs And
p6ison dust useful
Materials Very Satisfactory
If Applied Early And
Frequently
(By H. R. NUwonger, Extension
. HorticulturUt)
Spraying Ifjsh potatoes is. abso
lutely necessary In Cfde"? tfl iteute
the largest net returns from this crop
The vines must - be kept green and
vigorous until the tubers are fully
matured, lhe common pests that re
duce the vigor Of the vines are the
flea beetle, potato bug, early and
late blight. One combination 6f Spffiy
mixtures will hold these pests itt
check. This combination is home
made poisoned bordeaux mixture or
commercial poisoned bordeaux dusts
and poisoned copper dusts.
Bordeaux mixture is used as a spray
and consists of 50 gallons of water,
3 pounds of blue stone or copper
were caused by the bite of certain
kinds of mosquitoes, but science has
traced it out. The facts are estab
lished beyond doubt.. It is a long
and interesting story, but space does
not permit us to insert it here, how
ever Jntertaining. It., is due to this
discovery that Havana, Cuba, and the
Panama zone are now, free of yel
low fever, tho neither place was ever
known to be free of it until the
JJnited States authorities enforced
regulations that practically exterminat:
ed the mosquito' and ' thereby com
pletely eliminated yellow fever, and
just as surely we can eliminate ma
larial fever if we eliminate the-r mos
quito or prevent it biting.
So here we find another argument
for screening our homes. As in the
case against the house fly we have
the double incentive; first, health;
second, comfort,' and note that when
we screen against one of the pests
we bar both.
There are a number of kinds of
mosquitoes, but all do not cause ma
laria. The one known to be most ac
tive in this respest is known as the
anopheles. He is a big fellow with
white spots on his wings and stripes
around his legs and who sticks two
legs up behind when he drives in his
bill. Everybody in the Southern
states knows him.
It should be further explained that
these mosquitoes are not poisonous
until they have bittjn a person sick
with malaria or yellow fever. But
who can tell whether anv one of the
insects is carrying the poison or not ?
And who is going to examine each
one that comes sinking round to. see
whether it is an anopheles or not?
The thing to do is to bar tlicm all,
and to try to destroy them all or
rather prevent their breeding.
Breeding Place
They breed only i in still stgnant
water that has no other life that
preys on the mosquito eggs and larva.
The eggs are laid in little black
clusters looking like minute black
honeycomb. These hatch and enter
the water as "wiggle tails." If noth
ing eats them they soon come out
as mosquitoes ready for mischief.
To prevent their breeding is simple
in the statement but difficult to car
ry out thoroughly, everywhere and
at all times. First; drain every place
where they can hatch and the water
is noi wanted. This includes not
alone the open ponds and puddles but
tubs, barrels, tin cans, jugs, and the
like. Second, where the water in
vessels is needed as in barrels and
cisternsV screen the openings so that
mosquitoes can neither get in or out.
Third, in larger bodies of water, put
in some fish that will eat the eggs
and . larva. For this purpose the sun
fish or common perch is effective.
Fourth, in case none of the fore
going is feasible a little kerosine oil
thrown on the water will spread over
the surface and suffocate the larva.
Fortunately, mosquitoes do not vol
untarily travel far; hence one need
not cover a large area in order to
reduce the pest to practically nothing
locally.
DOGWOOD BEAUTIFUL;
IS VALUABLE AS CROP
AUCTION OF BEEF
SIRES TO BE HELD
AT CLYDE, MAY 23
r
Macon county farmers desiring to
purchase young Shorthorn and
Hereford beef bulls for breeding
purposes are planning to attend
an auction of bulls of this stock
at Clyde on May 23. These bulls
come from a desirable lineage, re
ports County Agent F. S. Sloan,
Mr. Sloarl can furnish further in
formation concerning the sale to
those who desire complete details.
Pattern and Davis of Franklin will
sulphate, 4 pounds of a high grade
hydrated linlg (piasters finishing lime)
and 2 pounds t arsenate of lead
made as follows:
Dissolves 3 pounds of ffu frff? in
hot water in an earthen or vOodetl
container. Mix the 4 pounds of lime
and 2 pounds arsenate of lead to a
trim" paste each in a separate con
taifiei. Fill the 50 gallon spray bar
rel M full Of water. Add the lime
paste and stir thoroughly; then add
the blue stone water agitating the
lime water thoroughly while adding
the former. Fill the barrel full of
water and then add the arsenate of
lead. Apply at once to the potato
vines. A stock solution of blue stone
may be made by suspending, let's say,
10 pounds in a gunny sack in 10 gal
lons of - water until dissolved. One
gallon of this stock solution will
equal one pound of blue stone. There
is a powdered blue stone on the
market thai will dissolve instantly.
bee your county agent as to where
to secure this product.
Poisoned Bordeaux Dusts
These materials are very satisfac
tory-' if properly applied and can be
secured from any dealer handling
spray materials. A good dust gun is
necessary to apply these compounds.
Whenever the water supply is avail
able it is more satisfactory to spray.
When the potato patch is consider
able distance away from the water
supply, it may be more economical
to dust, especially if water must be
hauled up hill. Many of our potato
growers have found by experience
that spraying is cheaper and better
coverage of vines with the materials
can be made. Spraying or dusting
should commence when the plants are
three inches high and repeat every
ten days until vines begin to die.
This will usually require at least six
sprayings. Remember you must keep
every leaf green. Flea beetles work
o'n the -under-side of the leaves and
do their damage early. An angular
nozzle will enable you to spray or dust
the underside as well as upper side
of the leaves. Late blight appears
from 1st to 10th of July. Keep the
vines covered especially during and
following this period. Each spraying
of . an acre of potatoes will require
75 to 125 gallons of water or 15 to
25 pounds of dust. Do the job' thor
oughly. It pays to spray or dust potatoes.
Experiments at the Mountain Experi-
Reorganizes Farm To Make
Use For Modern Machinery
One tractor, two mules and three
men now do the same work formerly
accomplished by eight mules with
eyjftt men on a Camden county farm
belonging to G. G. Markham of
Elizabeth City. -
"Mr. Markham has a 400-acre farm
typical of those usually found in the
northeastern section of the State,"
says A. T. Holmari, agricultural en
gineer at State College, "A few
years ago he grew cotton and orn
with some livestock as did the other
men about him, Within the last few
years, however, the farm has been
completely i changed. Large areas of
cleared and cutover lands have been
developed into pasture, which Mr.
Markham says gives the v biggest re
turn of'' any .part of the farm. The
pasture land is ditched, fenced and
kept fre of coarse growth. The
planting system has been changed
from cotton to hay, soybeans, corn
and sunflowers."
Mr. Holman says that six mules
SHUTTLE TRADE
USES PRODUCTS
Tree Is Prolific Producer,
a i r a. c . a
mm virvws tx rorcsc
iff.
unaeratory
NEW CROP EACH YEAR
Reproduces From Sprouts
And Suckers After Cut
tings Are Made n
The dogwood im adding so great-
ly to the beauty df Ndrth Carolina
forests may be harvested as a ttty
without destroying the beauty pf the
landscape.
This is the opinion of R, W. Grae
ber, extension forester at Stat Col
lege, who was recently requested by
an official of the State Federation of
Women's clubs to aid irt the move
ment to, prevent the destruction of
dogwood trees. This official ex
pressed great concern because of the
dogwood tree being used for com
mercial manufacturing purposes.
Dogwood in bloom presents a
beautiful scene," says Mr. Graeber.
"So does a field of golden grain:
but, we do', not ask the farmer to
refrain from harvesting his wheat
crop. A new crop will take its
place next season. The same thine
applies to dogwood. It is a com
mercial necessity, supplying wood
from which shuttles are made for,
use in weaving cotton, silk or ravon.
No practical substitute for this wood
has been found, but since trees less
than five inches in diameter are not
merchantable, the owner leaves his
younger and more vigorous trees for
future crops.
This means that there will be left
plenty of dogwood to add beauty to
our forests in the future. The tree
seeds freely and -reproduces from
sprouts and suckers. -When one tree
is cut, several take its place. In the
management plan advocated through
out the State by Mr. Graeber, dog
wood is left protected as an under
story beneath forests of nine. oak.
hickory and . other larger trees. It
is shallow rooted and does not inter
fere with the growth of the deeper
rooted trees. J
Mr. Graeber says that dogwood
grows on 87 different soil types in
North Carolina but only on a few does
it produce wood of commercial qual-,
ity. In such areas it is protected by
the landowners.
ment Station during four years of
spraying tests gave an increased yield
of 35 bushels per acre over the tin
sprayed plots with three sprays. Four
sprays gave an increased yield of 51
bushels over the unsprayed plots. The'
average cost per acre with four
sprays was $7.67.
have been replaced by , one general
purpose tractor. Now this one trac
tor, two mules and three men. do the
same work formerly done by eight
men and eight mules. The tractor is
used.,, for ' plowing, ' discing listing,
planting and cultivating as well as
harvesting.
While the new plan has not been
followed long enough to determine its
advantages over the old, Mr." Mark
ham says it cannot be less profitable.
He has secured little or no profit in
cotton growing for some years. Now
he finds his crops of hay, soybeans,
corn and sunflowers to be easily
marketed. Many of the products are
turned into cash through the live
stock route. Cattle and sheep cost
very little to feed as they are carried
on pasture throughout the summer
and use much of the roughage and
other by-products in winter. The soil
is growing more fertile instead of
poorer and Mr. Markham appears to
be satisfied with his reorganization,
says Mr. Holman.