Upitn Org Snnfe Anita
1
TERRIBLE LURE OF LIQUOR
Power Which Drags Down Votsrles of
Cup I Little Understood Few
Awful Examplts Rslated.
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1 Scope tfWimfcss mm
1 rapity Spreads FasrilS
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EARS ago fanciful
writer took hit readera
on an' expedition to the
north pole. The ex
plorer had been pre
ceded to the region of
perpetual Ice by a party
that had perished there.
The hero of the story
learned this one day
when a torch that he
was holding thawed
part of a large shaft of
Ice and there came from this Icy pris
on the Toloea of the men who had perished there
years before.
Today the fancy of the novelist has become
i fact of science. The air Is filled with messages
that may be beard by any one who has the simple
means that are requisite. The man who stands
In the noisy crowd of the city and the lonely sheep
herder on a fenceless Australian prairie are alike
surrounded by them, and it is possible for each
to be made conscious of their presence.
This Is the accomplishment of wireless. The
system of communication without the use of wires
to carry the electrical Impulses has grown so
intimately into the world's business that it takes
something out of the ordinary to bring a realiza
tion of what la being done and what the outlook
Is. Wireless was more than ten years old when
the ships Republic and Florida collided on January
23, 1909, and the jumping spark under the com
mand of the wireless operator instantly made
known that disaster to the world. The Republic,
alone In the fog and dark, might have gone to
the bottom without news of the disaster being
known for days. It was two days after La Bour
gogne sank before the story of the catastrophe
became known. But a wireless operator, Jack
Blnns, flashed the news from the Republic to
land and drew out of the dark half a dozen rescu
ing ships.
The story of Jack Blnns, the first wireless hero
of International fame, spread abroad, and the po
sition of the new method of communication was
assured. Wireless had been put to its first great
test and passed through it successfully.
Another wireless call flashed out In the dark
ness some weeks ago and sent a thrill around the
world. This was the message from the crippled,
staking Titanic. It saved the lives1 of more than
700 human beings. Harold S. Bride, assistant Mar
coni operator aboard the Titanic, and Harold T,
Cottam, operator on the Carpathla the one who
was instrumental in sending the message and the
other whose ship brought aid have become
heroes. Before the Investigating committee of the
senate the young operators have told their part
in the rescue of the passengers.
Cottam on the Carpathla explained that be was
on duty Sunday night and came off a couple of
days later. , He sat at his post all Sunday night,
all day Monday and Monday night and during the
day Tuesday. He caught a few hours of sleep on
Tuesday or Wednesday night Toung Bride gave
his testimony sitting in an Invalid's chair, for one
of his feet had been frozen.
Their action under the circumstances was one
of the things that Cardinal Farley referred to
when he said that one of the lessons which can
be drawn from the disaster was the assurance It
gave that men could be depended upon to play the
part of heroes in any emergency.
The movement to Increase the scope of wire
less service, which had already commenced before
the Titanic disaster, has received a new Impetus
and the dawn of the new era, which was predicted
long before the loss of the Titanic, has been ap
preciably hastened, experts say.
In England the government has entered into a
contract which will result In a system for connect
ing every part of the British empire. Arrange
ments are already In progress and in due course
a system will be started, it was said in parliament,
which will extend from England to Cyprus, from
Cyprus to Aden, from Aden to Ceylon, from Ceylon
to the Straits Settlements, from the Straits Settle
ments to western Australia and from western Aus
tralia to New Zealand, forming a series of six
stations, the British dominions on the other side
of the world. Official Marconi publications say
that the agreement will be followed by others of
a similar nature with other countries.
An Interesting part of the extension of the wire
less Is an Arrangement with the Marconi com
pany which will afford a trans-Pacific wireless
service for an American land telegraph company.
This company has entered into a traffic arrange-...
ment with the Marconi company whereby it will
receive and deliver Marconigrams to and from Eu
rope. The agreement provides for the extension
of the Marconi system from the Pacific coast of
the United States to Hawaii, China, Japan and
the Philippines, thus giving wireless trans-Paclflo
service.
This agreement virtually gives the American
"company a large share of the wireless business.
'The English Marconi company is understood to
be planning a long distance wireless apparatus for
direct communication between New York and Lon
don, and It is said that a station near New York
would permit messages to be sent to Cuba, Pana
ma and South American countries.
The Arlington station will have three steel tow
ers arranged In the form' of a . triangle. " The
erlal wires are to be strung from the taller tower
to the other two on either side of it The Installa
tion for transmitting wireless at this station will
te duplicated at the others. - ,
tn picking out locations for these new stations
many points have had to be considered. In most
cases some sort of wireless equipment is already
In operation at these stations and the advisability
35 8J- Chin aV
A 'JO " lfef"
"To strip wireless of its technicali
ties and boll it down to the primal
constituents Is not hard," said an ex
pert who has made a study of the
theory and knows the practice. "It
la simply transference through space
of waves of electromagnetle energy.
"When a wireless operator presses
a key, a spark Jumps between two
pieces of metal. These two pieces of
metal are connected with long wires,
called antennae, that are strung on
poles called aerials. The energy from
this spark is spread on these wires
and diffused tn waves.
"These waves have definite length,
which can be determined partly
through the power of the sending sta
tion. The station that Is receiving
these Is able to put Itself in tune to
receive wave lengths of the nature
sent out by the sending station and
exclude others."
Wireless relies on electromagnetic
waves as the source of Its communi
cation. These waves are sometimes
called Hertzian waves and were made
use of for the first time tn 1880 by
Prof. .Amos Dolbear of Tufts college.
He applied for a patent on a wireless
system that had every essential of the
plan followed today. He got his pat
ent in 1888, which was two years be
fore Dr. Hertz's discoveries.
gCV C B A r ""y AT RICA If
of erecting the larger plants has depended to a
great measure on the success of those already
working. This is evidenced by the Arlington sta
tion, which is across the Potomac from Washing
ton and near the military reservation of Fort
Myer.
From Arlington the north Atlantic ocean can
be covered and the naval base at Guantanamo,
Cuba, Is within its radius, as is also San Fran
cisco. This, It is pointed out, brings the canal
zone into direct communication with Washington.
The Pacific coast will be dominated by the station
at San Francisco.
At the Brooklyn navy yard the sailors who are
to take places In the wireless room of the battle
ships receive a training In their work. For this
branch of the service a building 300 feet long, 60
feet wide and two stories high has been set apart.
The course In wireless proper takes seven weeks.
The first week Is given over to the study of the
theory of wireless communication and the next
week sees the pupil at a sending key studying
and practicing the continental code. Messages
are sent by an automatic transmitter.
During the seven weeks o' the wireless train
ing the pupil receives instruction In making dia
grams of transmitting sets and aerials and tries
his hand at repairing and overhauling the various
sets in use. At the end of the seventh week it
he is able to send and receive fifteen words a
minute be is stationed at a receiving booth, where
he can have actual experience. Two weeks are
allowed for review before the final examination.
Before actual wireless work is taken op by the
students each one goes through a short course in
the ground work of electrical equipment He
starts at the blacksmith shop, where he learns to
build a fire properly. Then he Is taught forging,
welding and tempering Iron and steel, and in
structed in the use of soldering iron. In the ma- :
chine shop he practices on the lathe, shaper, drill
press, milling machine, emery wheel and bench.
Engine work follows, for the naval electrician
is expected to be competent to repair any part of
the ship's electrical equipment Simple, - com
pound, turbine, oil and gasoline engines are taken
apart and assembled, lined up and repaired.
Valves, condensers, air and circulating pumps are
mastered. There is also three weeks instruction
in the work of interior communication and light
ing of a ship which teaches the student bow to In
stall and inspect the entire electrical equipment
of a battleship. The authorities of the navy yard
believe that the student is not ready to take up
the actual study of wireless communication until
he has first mastered the details of the machinery
that makes the electrical spark possible. .
While everybody knows that wireless message
are being sent it is not generally understood how
this is done. ,
What these investigators found was that when
an electric spark jumped between two poles there
were started, in what the scientists call the ether,
magnetic force lines. These force lines detached
themselves and traveled on through space at a
tremendous rate of speed. This speed has been
reckoned at 186.000 miles a second. It was also
learned that these force lines went through space
In wave lengths that could be measured.
Doctor Hertz found that the presence of these
waves could be detected across a room by means
of a loop of copper wire. This was called the
Hertz loop. The ends of this loop were slightly
parted, and it was found that the electric spark
on one side of the room caused a small spark to
pass between the ends of the Hertz loop. Sir
Oliver Lodge and William Marconi used the same
spark gap and connected one side of it to a copper
plate buried in the earth and the opposite side
to wires strung in the air. When the apparatus
was constructed in this way the electric spark
caused oscillations on the aerial wires and cre
ated a wave that could be detected at a consider
able distance.
: The modern wireless station has appliances to
regulate the length of the waves that carry the
messages.' ' - .
To prevent interference each ship installation
operates on a different wave length and the re-,
celvlng instruments either on the ships or the
land stations are able to cut in or tune in on those
lengths. The tuner enables an operator to change
the wave lengths on the receiving wires, and so
get in touch with the office that is calling.
At the senate Inquiry the operators from the
Carpathla and the Titanic were repeatedly asked
what SOS and C Q D means. The effect of these
messages was very clear to the operators, but they
were not entirely sure what the letters themselves
meant Inquiries at the Marconi offices brought
the Information that the letters have no signifi
cance In themselves and are simply agreed code
Signs.'":
The call C Q D is made by the symbols for the
letters. C is dash, dot, dash, dot; Q is dash, dash,
dot dash; D is dash, dot, dot The written dan
ger call of the deep would look like this: . .
1 The SOS call Is made up of S: dot dot, dot;
O: dash, dash, dash; 8: dot dot dot and looks
like this: . . .; ; . , .
The C Q D sign is a Marconi symbol - C Q
Is an agreed call for the attention of all stations.
Frequently messages of Importance are prefaced
by these letters. D means danger. It was further
' stated that SOS was adopted by the Berlin con
vention in 1902. Every wireless operator under
stands these calls. " - -
In some of the foreign ships, where the opera
tors do not speak English it is ,: customary to
write the symbols of the message and have them
translated. .
Is Not Typical of France
Parlslenne" Is Parisian, and' In'
Way Representative of the
French Woman.
No
The Parlslenne is not nd never has
leen, representative ofc S the French
woman, although she might he de
scribed ss the distilled essence of all
that la French. She Is too volatile to
J t-; ' !i of the women of Frane.
,' 3 lj to 1' - a .1 t';9 Frenchwom
an, broadly speaking, never la. She Is
gay and morbid at one and the same
moment She Is eternally young, yet
born with the cynical wisdom of ages.
She is brave to the point of folly, she
is free from any taint of provincialism,
and in a way stands on a small plnnv
cle apart from the rest of womankind,
with a smile that has some fellowship
with that of the Sphinx. Her charm
Is world renowned and indisputable,
and of peculiar kind. -
She la not beautiful, and she Is
never merely pretty, but charm runs
in her blood, and It la as natural for
her to use It as it la for the sun to
shine. . Everything about her la wit
ness to this attribute, and she herself
accepts it as a law written by unseen
hands, unchangeable as that which
rules the "orderly procession of the
stars," and powerful as that which
brought her into the world, . and will
one day send her out of It
Columbia's First Book Plat.
- The first book plate for the llbran
of Columbia college was made u
1795. It was designed and etched oi
copper by Alexander Anderson, thi
first American wood engraver, whlb
he was a medical student
Asserting Himself.
"Paw," a!d littl Dick, "yon eai
swear at m all yon want to. but ii
you swear any more at maw I'll N
durned U I don' go and tell a pleece
man!" "
"If there sat a glass of whiskey on
that table, and I knew that If I should
drink it I would lose my right arm
could not help but Uke the liquor,
even though my arm were chopped off
piecemeal."
Thus expressed himself to the writ
er a 56-year-old man who had spent 18
months In a Michigan prison for the
commission of a crime for which
liquor was most largely responsible,
writes William H. Vlnn In the De
troit Journal.
How little we calf understand the
power which drags down the votaries
of the cup. Said a man to one of our
police captains tn Detroit: "I have
not a waking moment when I am free
from the craving for liquor." If w
knew more about the lives and experi
ences of the men whose forms go stag
gering by on our streets, or who stand
before our bars of justice, pity would
often replace blame and sympathy
would occupy the place of scorn.
Last week I met a poor fellow on
the street who bad been released from
police court In the morning. From
his actions It needed no prophet to
foretell that he would face the judge
ere' long, and sure enough he was tn
the same court next morning. For over
a decade be has been under the com
plete domination of John Barleycorn.
His experiences cause one to thlnH
of the custom of certain African chief
who express their peculiar affection
for certain of their subjects by maim
ing their bodies. All sorts of cripples
are thus made by these rulers and It
Is related that the persons so mal
treated take a particular delight tn
their sufferings, for to them It Is a
mark of the esteem of tbelr chief.
Some years ago, while under the In
fluence of liquor, the man of whom we
are writing lost a limb. He hobbled
about on a peg-leg for a time, but
drink still held sway over him. About
four years afco. while drunk, he be
came mixed up with a railroad train
and lost an arm at the shoulder limb
off on one side and arm on the other.
Still be clung to the glass.
Somewhere In this city tolls a little,
sweet-faced lady of upward of 70 years
of age, still earning her own living at
housework of a light order. She is
the mother of the man above referred
to, and he is her all. Her one prayer
Is that she may be spared to bury her
boy. 8avlng all that she could from
her scant earnings, she procured a
satisfactory artificial limb for her
drink-crazed boy. Were that limb pos
sessed., of the power of speech It could
tell many tales of adventure while
supporting Its owner or while reposing
back of some bar whsr it had been
"put up" for drinks.
One Incident is recalled. Two years
ago Judge Stein requested the writer
to take this unfortunate man to the
carers for the county house. Notic
ing bis limb was replaced by a wood
en peg, on Inquiring we learned It bad
been put up for security for a drink
bill In a saloon not two blocks away
from the police court On payment of
45 cents the limb was secured and th
man sent to Elols. At present the
'poor fellow Is being upheld by the peg-
leg again.
That was a peculiar stunt which
was "pulled off" by a resident at Mc
Gregor mission many years ago. Be
coming very thirsty, and possessing no
belongings which would serve as se
curity, be bethought himself of bis
false teeth, and back of the bar they
went as warrant for the payment of
the drinks. Still, there was more
sense tn this transaction than tn the
one above referred to, for while a
drinking man needs all the legs be can
get he can very well dispense with
the molars, which are a useless lux
ury at such a time, as he cannot
drink heavily and eat '
No crusader ever followed Peter the
Hermit with a greater devotion than
the drinker pursues his "cup;" no
howling or dancing dervish can equal
the utter abandon of him who "tarries
long at the wine." What does he not
surrender at the call of that demon
rum! Fortune, family, friends, health,
life even all are ungrudgingly offered
to his thirsty god. and he will beg,
steal or starve that be may keep the
fires aglow on the unholy altar. The
great Paul tells us "God loveth a
cheerful giver." In the Greek the
word translated "cheerful" la "nil
arlon,' 'from which comes our word
"hilarious." Very few ar the disci
ples of the Master who give them
selves and their belongings as hilar
iously as does the votary at the altar
of Bacchus.
k ux i
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S.Vi C i. 11 l!i
'sr 7V ill
HEARING THE CANYON
I
T WAS a glorious morning.- The
rains seemed to have turned their
attentions elsewhere for the time
being. AH the mountains stood
clear-cut against th blue, with
tops whitened by snow; the foothills
and th whole valley were wearing th
new green mantle of spring.
We had taken the early ear for
Sierra Madre, a car always filled on
days off" with a merry collectlob of
city folk who love the wild and who
yearn the week through for the higher
places, the rocky canyons and th
dashing streams, and for the racing
blood, red cheeks and renewed en
ergy that such retreats give to those
who seek them, writes H. C. Hurst, in
the Los Angeles Times.
Our objective point was the Big San
ta Anita. Neither Henry nor I
had ever been In this canyon. We
had seen Us little sister many a time
as w climbed up the Mt Wilson trail,
but there Is always an added test
In the unknown, in not knowing what
is ahead around the next corner la
a new town, around the next bend In
the trail, or what the next week, or
month or year holds for us tn that
larger journey called Life. W ques
tioned our nearest fellow-passenger, a
young fellow In complete corduroy
suit and mountain boots, wbo looked
as though he had always climbed
mountains. Tea, he had been clear
through the Big Santa Anita, and
job. I'm sure that lo water would
be only milk-warm in comparison to
that littl river.
Thus w went on, wading when nec
essary, and resuming our shoes and
walking when we could.
Later we sat by the big pool, churned
by a plunging waterfall, and watched
several trout as they darted about In
thel liquid home. And when w went
on again, Henry, with his usual luck,
passed this pool dry-shod, and I slip
ped down the smooth side of a rock
big as a house, and plumped into the
sitting room of th trout From this
time on I was not so particular about
taking off my shoes and stockings be
fore entering the stream.
When the canyon opened out a lit
tle and there was at last a trait
through vines and trees and ferns high
above th creek, we hurried along and
covered some miles in short time, onlw
to be confronted by a wall across the
canyon, down which leaped a large
fall in three cascades of tumbling
sliver. -t
We saw the game was up In that 'di
rection, but were glad to find a trail
leading up the side of th hill and
over a divide; and standing at the
top, w knew we were about to reach
our goal, for below us the stream ran
circling through a valley and several
stone bouses or huts. '
Soon we were In the heuse of th
Hermit and were drying out before
there were some ticklish plsces in It I the wood fire on the hearth. Outside,
MISCHIEF DONE BY DRINKING
Drunkenness Lies at Bottom of All
' Social and Political Troubles
, Meet Vital Problem. ,
There is today In English-speaking
countries no such tremendous, far
reaching, vital question as that of
drunkenness. In Its Implications and
effects It overshadows all else. It is
impossible to examine any subject
connected with the progress, the civi
lisation, the physical well-being, the
religion condition of the . masses,
without encountering this monstrous
evil. It lies at the center of all social
and political mischief. It paralyses
beneficent energies in every direction.
It neutralizes educational agencies. . It
silences the voice of religion, says the
New York Tribune. It baffles penal re
form. It obstruct political reform. It
rears aloft a mass of evilly-Inspired
power which, at every salient point,
threatens social and national advance;
which give to Ignorance and vie a
greater potency than intelligence and
virtue can command; which deprive
th poor of the advantages of modern
progress; which debauches and de
grades millions, brutalizing and sod-
denlng them below the plane of
healthy savagery and filling the cen
ters of population with creature
whose condition almost excuses th
Immorality which renders them dan
gerous to their generation.
but we ceuld make It all right H
himself was bound for the west fork
of the San Gabriel by way of Mt
Mllson.
It seemed no time at all before we
were stepping from tb car In beau
tiful Sierra Madre, and before th train
crew would have time to turn their
trolley pole the whole crowd was
streaming up the road toward th foot
of "the everlasting hills." Most of
these bearers of lunches and kodaks
kept on to where the burros In their
corrals watched with big, brown eyes
at the foot of the Mt Wilson trail.
W turned to our right and followed
a roadway which led down hill, across
a silver creek, and up a long grade
through groves of orange and lemon,
with now and then a bungalow show
ing about the green leaves. The trees
.were loaded with fruit, and a man who
did not look In the least like a grouch
was carrying a large armful of sign
boards and planting them at frequent
intervals along the edge of his golden
acres, cald boards threatening dire
things to the person who dared to
more than look at the yellow tempta
tions on his trees.
: Start Up Canyon.
We cut through an orange grove and
came out on a high mesa overlooking
the wash and beard the roaring of
the stream as It dashed over the large
boulders as though deadly eager to
meet with the San Gabriel river out
thare in the valley and compare notes
th river roared along under the naked
trees, and the wind tore by the cabin,
shrieking that a storm was coming.
But little w cared as we undid our
lunch and accepted at the bands of
the Hermit tin cups of black and
steaming coffee. ; It mattered not that
It was poured from an ancient sprink
ling can, or that the room was not up
to good housewife standards of .neat
ness. ' Poor Hermit! For ten year
this room has been his library, gran
ary, kitchen, wood-house and store
room. But his heart was kind as hi
black beard was long, and When he
found a silver dollar tn on of the re
turned coffee cups, the presence of,
wblch none of us could account for,
his protestations were, long and aln
cere. ' '
At three o'clock that afternoon we
1611 Our sueili, uu uiuu.uj .u a un-
mlt goodby, started up the steep trail
to the top of th ridge. 8oon we were
above the noise of the stream, but the
wind ' was louder than ever, and a
rain started to fall, changing soon to
a sleet However, n was oniy me
edge of the storm that we were in;
across the canyon and back on the far
ther ranges we could see the cloud
dropping' their burdens of moisture In
great sheets,' and saw soon, too, the
slopes whiten under falling snow. As
we came out on top of the divide snow
waa coming down upon us, also, and
through Its filmy curtain we looked
out and saw the San Gabriel vallev
on tbelr respective trip through the ! shining In the sun and the new green
mountains.
A larg) party of boys and girls were
scrambling down th bank when we
arrived, and as they stopped to take
a picture of the group we paased them
and started up the canyon. W real
ized at once that it was a time of high
water and that travel up through tdose
narrow passes would be a vastly dif
ferent affair than in midsummer, when
th streams are low. Indeed w kept
dry from the start only by making at
most impossible leaps from boulder to
boulder, or by working our way
along the walls of the cliff by precari
ous handholds. '
Finding some better going, w press
ed on and-came at last to a scene of
wonderful beauty, but one which
seemed to .block all farther progress
up the canyon. Wall of solid rock
towered high In th air on every aide
save that from which we had ap
proached. At their base a vast pool
was spread Ilk a lake, probably 50
feet across, and of great depth, and
Into this leaped from ,a cleft In the
cliff the whole river, a beautiful water
fall some 25 feet tn height Two
hikers had preceded us, and we sat
down and watched them cross the
shallowest part of the pool and climb
up the very crude ladder which lean
ed tgainst the cliff and led to the top
of the falls. It seemed to take them
a long while to cross the stream at the
top of the ladder, and when we fol
lowed them we did not wonder, as we
found ourselves standing on a shelf
of, rock a foot In width, from wblch
place a flying leap must be made
across the stare am, with only a slop
ing rock wall to land upon. . Some
way Henry made it without falling In,
and with his help I too got across, but
slipped after safety was reached, and
a a result I found It expedient to
climb up the mountainside, which her
sloped conveniently, and 11 In th
warm sun and dry out : i :
Koine ef th Hermit
Soon th canyon narrowed and
where the Creek rushed between ver
tical walls w must needs wade the
stream. Oft eame th shoes anl stock
ings, and in w went It was a cold
on the hills on the farther side appear
ing like great crinkly folds In a cloth
of velvet, a rare and never-to-be-forgotten
view.
Legend of the Hands.
; An old legend says that once three
young women disputed - about tbelr
hands, as to which were the most
beautiful. One of them dipped her
hand In the pure . stream, another
plucked berries till her fingers were
pink, and a third gathered flowers
whose fragrance clung to ber hands.
An old, haggard woman passed by and
asked for some gift, but all refused!
her. Another young woman, plain,
and with no claim to beauty of hand,
satisfied her need. The old woman
then said: "It Is not the hand that is
washed In the brook, nor the band
tinted with red, nor the hand garland
ed and perfumed with Sowers, that Is
most beautiful, but the hand that
gives to the poor." As she spoke, her
wrinkles, were gone, her staff . wa .
thrown away, and the stood there an
angel from heaven. This Is only a
legend, but Its judgment is true. The
beautiful hands are those that minis- .
ter. In Christ's name, to others. The
Christian Herald. - . , . .
- Ancient Knew About Eclipse.
Tne ancienis iouua uui uuw 10 vrv
diet eclipses of the moon, but those or
the sun baffled them. They observed
the lunar cycle of 18 Julian years 11 ,
days, in wtlch the moon returns to :
almost the same position in the heav
ens, but they could not apply this to
solar eclipses, although the period an
swer for both. Tb reason . of the
failure was that . although solar
eclipses recur In a fixed order within
the cycle, they are not visible again
at the same part of the earth's sur-,
face, - Eclipses Of the moon are uni
versally visible. Pall Mall Gazette.
. Electrical Thief Catcher. - A
A new electric thief catcher for
stores consists of a button concealed
under the counter, which, when press
ed, closes and locks all th doors and
rings a belt " '