Newspapers / The News-Record (Marshall, N.C.) / Aug. 14, 1914, edition 1 / Page 6
Part of The News-Record (Marshall, N.C.) / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
..... T . THE NEWS-RECORD, MARSHALL, NORTH CAROLINA. i 'it ft 4 If-;' .riv; t "1 t E IKES RUSSIA IC II IL.I Pan-Slavism Against Pan-Ger manism the Appeal of the Czar to His People. CRITICAL TIME FOR EUROPE Enthusiasm With Which the Conflict Has Bean Hailed la Ominous Strength of Fighting Force of That Vaat Country la Little Known. New York. Pan-Slavism against Pan-Germanism la the Issue which little Servla launched when the em peror of all the Russlaa took up the quarrel with Austria-Hungary. Rus sia could want no better ground for war. Already the popularity ot her aggressive big brother attitude to all the Slava has been attested in St Petersburg. It has been a long time since war has appealed with the same favor to ao large a part of the czar's people. Smarting under the recollec tion of the Ill-fated Japanese conflict, which commercial Interests fastened upon an indifferent nation, and mind ful of past German threats and the very recent German browbeating, which kept Russia in check during the last Balkan scramble, Russians will not stand aloof from a war which ap peals to the popular fancy with a .Pin-Slavic rallying cry. And when .all of Russia puts its heart Into a struggle the time may well have ar .rlved which Bismarck foresaw. "It will be a critical time for Eu rope," said he, "if Russia should pro duce a strong statesman who, in pur suing a given bold policy, would not shrink from sacrificing the lives of a few hundred thousand or even or a million men." Rusaia'a Potential Destiny. Who can say that the time., has not arrived? The bold policy can be no less than a Slavic challenge of the German! zation process which has been .ateadily at work in the near East The hundreds of thousands, even mil lions of men for sacrifice are not -wanting. The strong statesman alone .Is needed to make prophecy good, and only the event can prove that he Is lacking. fiemarck was not alone In recog nising Russia's potential destiny. She has been a country slow to rise from a lethargy ot medieval unenlighten ment But the resources ot her limit less area and the physical and Intel Jectual possibilities of her people have 3ong been recognized as potent factors rto be reckoned with in the future of Europe. Champions of the Slav on -many aides have balled Russia as the . coming world power, says the Evening .Post. ' Slavs there are a-plenty to menace vlbo allied German powers, even if Xhere -were not allied French arms on Germany's other flank and Britain's naval supremacy to cope with. Slavs have spread over all of eastern Eu rope, from the Arctic to the Adriatic and the Aegean seas. When Russia Aided Servla. For over a thousand years theee Slavs have peopled Europe east of the Elbe river. And for centuries they kept the hordes of Cossacks, Turks, and barbarians off Europe.; Russia in :thoee days was called "the nation of the sword." This will not be the first time that that sword has intervened for Servia. After 400 years of vassal age to Turkey the Serbs rebelled in 1804, and then only Russian interven HAG RIVALRY I i tion saved them from defeat. What renders the Russian menace , so formidable in. the present juncture Is the unusual enthusiasm which is being displayed.; Ordinarily the huge population of 171,059,900 people is rather apathetic toward the attitude taken by their emperor. " At present, Judging from the demonstrations re ported from St. Petersburg, the czar may reasonably count upon having be hind him the 92,000,000 Slavs among his subjects. Moscow and Odessa have seen similar demonstrations - within the past few , days, and if, as it ie as . eerted, the czar :, himself assumes command as generalissimo of all the . forces, the wave of enthusiasm la ex pected to sweep over the whole empire. j Rueaia'a Latent Strength, Who knowa what is the strength of the Russian bear, once he is roused is sullen fury? in the ten years fol lowing the Russo-Japanese war Russia' has strengthened her 'army and navy, , and has materially cut down, the time required for the mobilization of tier forces by eliminating many of the difficulties attendant upon transporta tion and equipment of troops. Her iuiet advances toward becoming a , Power to be feared by the most for mldable European nation" have been - recognized In a vague way. Just what i. ier potentialities are even Russia her- .self can only guess. .'. Certain it is, however, that the Rus sian cation would welcome the oppor-. tunity to retrieve the prestige lost in her encounter with her previously ln afsrlflcant adversary of the far East With, the average Russian, aa with any anient of Russia's last war, it Is a f r.-a conviction tht the world In gen-'-J e'T" i rkw l measuring tie I frit: . fcs ty t" 3 I -3 t " ' i c t . Z. i. F ' i Hapsburg Rule in Austria . -Has lasted Six Centuries The houee of Hapaburg, which rulea Austria-Hungary, has aur vlved from the old daya of despotic kingship, through ' all the revolu tions, defeata In war and overturn ing of atatea of six centuries. Curl' oualy enough, It la at the head of no despotism, but of a free,-constitu tional monarchy. Great eventa have been crowded within the alx centuries' rule of the Hapsburga In Austria. The wars In which these monarchs have been engaged during that period have been many. They have, coped In turn with every other European power that rose to rival them. They have fought the Turk and the Prus sian, the Ruaalan, Frenchman, Ital ian, Spaniard aad Dutchman; and they have far more often suffered defeat than come off the vlotora in these mighty conflicts. No rulers were ever more unfortunate In war or even suffered more bitter penal ties for defeat. Time waa when the Austrian monarch held sway over Spain and the Netherlands, over a large part of Italy and many provinces of eaatern Europe. One by one theae territorlea have been wrung from hla graap; each cen tury haa wltneaaed some loas of do minion to him. On the other hand, Auatrla haa long been fortunate In having a line of ahrewd and able statesmen, who have often made up, by diplomatic triumphs, for her losses In war. No nation suffered ao terribly as Aus tria from the assaulta of the first Napoleon. Yet, after the terrific combats which ended )n Napoleon's fall, Austria reaped more solid galna from the final settlement by treaty than any other power. sary s strength, entirely unprepared herself in a military sense and as a people, except for the commercial in terests. Indifferent to the causes of the war and its objects. v Steady Preparation for War. The rehabilitation of R u s s 1 a 's strength in the far East and the in creased effectiveness of the Trans-Siberian railway as a transportation agency in time of war, are as nothing to what has been done nearer the Ne va to prepare Russia for Just the sort of contingency she faces today. Re organization of her local irregular mili tia force has been accomplished. A navy which found itself crippled after the disasters met with In the far East, is in process ot reconstltutlon. Al ready in effective fighting ships built and building It is very far ahead of Italy and twice as well off as Austria Hungary. In torpedo-boat destroyers she is about as strong as Germany, and in submarines has a distinct ad vantage. Great progress has been made in the air service both for the army and navy. To such purpose, in deed, has Russia taken op this branch of warfare which promises to figure prominently In modern battles at sea and on land, that she is aaid on the highest authority to be probably the third strongest air power in the world, with Italy fourth, and Great Britain fifth. All Trained to Arms. In considering the potential strength of the armies '- ' ich Russia, in the course of a long war, might put in the field, it may be pointed out that mili tary service in that empire of more than 171,000,000 people is universal and compulsory. Service under the flag begins at the age of twenty and lasts for twenty-three years. Usually, it is proportioned as follows: ' Three or four years in the active army, four teen or, fifteen in the Zapas, or first reserve, and five years in the Opol chenie, or second reserve. For the Cossacks, those fighters who are a conspicuous element of Russia's mili tary strength, there is hardly a cessa tion in discipline during their early manhood. Holding their lands by mili tary tenure, they are Mable for, ser vice for life. Furnlshlus their own equipment and horses the Cossack is almost invariably a cavalryman they pass through three periods of four years each, with diminishing duties, until they wind up in - the reserve, which replaces casualties in time of war. ' Could Muster Large Force. With respect to the armies which could be put in the field in time of war there are- conflicting estimates. It seems certain that Russia's war strength Is more than 4,500,000 men, but.; of course, the train service and the artillery for such a force Is lack ing., Two and 'three-quarters million men could probably be mustered at one time. , As far as aras go, the Rus sian infantryman carries a fairly ef fective rifle, though not the most mod ern. - It la a ;.299-caliber magatine gun, holding Ave cartridges, and it Is sighted to 3,000 yards. In the event of a prolonged war, In which the tide of affairs should put Russia strictly on the defensive,' she would be' less easily invaded than any large country of Europe. , The very extent of her empire, protected by nat ural barrier at almost tvery sidesave where she touches northeast Europe, would present almost Insuperable diffi culties to the invader. Napoleon' paid dearly for his fortitude In pushing his columns into Moscow." The only con ditions under which a repetition of such a feat is conceivable are not likely to be found during the sort of JJuropean etruggle which now threat ens. German and Aw ' n troops will be too much preocc !" j " ' " ' i t alo-T t ! t "i-e ; t .i.i i a i t :!- t": r w!:h fight- f'-'nr" rtea I i at- i Y V V" W !; I? I ,. -v TRACES WAR TO A Professor Dorsey of Chicago Field Museum Finds Austria's Atti tude a Sequel to Pan-German Versus Pan-Slav Con test, He Says, Not Economic but Psychologic. Nations Are Now, as Ever in the Past, Divided by Language Source of Trouble Is That Political Boundaries Are Not Coterminous With Linguistic Groups. (George A. Dorsy, Curator of Ethnology, Field Museum, in the Chicago Herakl.) An orphan mongrel cur having for the first time In 500 years got enough spunk up to take his tail from between his legs, begins to wag It and feel growing pains. Along comes a great big dog and says: ' "Put that tall down and gimme that bone." We see this sort of thing nearly ev ery day. Once upon a time little old Servia was an empire and very nearly over came the Byzantine empire, which probably would have changed the whole of European history. There might have been no Turkey In Europe. That was in the fourteenth century, under the mighty Dushan. . Explains Austria's Action. Servla is now a poor, wretched little peasant kingdom not half as big as Illinois in size, with less people than the city of New York. And now the house of Hapsburg would wipe little Servia off the map! Even though the process involve more lives and money than any war of any time! That is the life. You or I in the house of Hapsburg's shoes would do the same thing. It is the law of exist ence. Nature works today as in the stone age or when saber-toothed tiger fought with maetodon. Why does Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy, want poor peasant Servla? Hasn't the Dual Monarchy, with Its in ternal babel of confusion, enough trouble already? , . .,..., , Why Others Are Interested, Suppose the Dual Monarchy does want Servia, what Is it to Russia? Suppose Russia does object, what is it to Germany? "Suppose Germany ob ject's to Russia's objecting, what busi ness is it of France or of England? Supremacy. . Balance of power. . Human nature. Life. I propose to analyse this whole situ ation. And right here let us clearly recognize the fact two, facts: ,' , ' The contest is not economic but pay chological in its fundamental nature; psychologic laws . are not ecomonlc laws.. t;.v- ' .-. .,y - To put It another way, the desires which lead to action in eastern Eu rope are not based1 on Christian eth ics or' rational procedure, but on cer tain thoughts. :, ' :. ''X Things are what we think they are; and thinking depends on the point.of view. ' . ,. ' 1 ; illustrating the Point Pan-Germanism vs. Pan-Slavisms, M we understand this, we have traveled farv First, let me give an Illuminat ing illustration: ; ' In Prague, an important city of Aus tria, I was warned that I would get along much better in shops and other wise If I employed English first. Of course English, is not generally under stood in that city, but German is.v We naturally think of German as the lan guage of Austria, and proud as the ancient capital of Bohemia was once, to allintents and purposes a German city, she now tries to forget, and won't talk German if she can possibly help It . Pan means united, all; the term pan Germanism stands for a movement which seeke the common . welfare of the Germanic peoples of Europe at the expense of pan-Slavism or common weal of Slavs, ''' . i v-. X: . Becomes Question of Tongues. - - Before we can understand the sig nificance of these two movements we most consider the' question of the "Na tionals," or the "Races," as It is some tunes called. "";'. . In fact this Is cot a question either of nations or of races, but of tongues. The classification of mankind by tongues Is ancient and fundamental - UNITED STATES WILL PROFIT Chance to Capture Trade of 8outh America and Other. Parts Now . .- Held by Germany',: South American trade, long coveted and sought by American manufactur- ere, may be thrown open to ther.i through Germany becoming one cf t feattr.r forces la t.e Luropean v -,-. That 13 about the c 'y ulUmata t - t eet V..a Ut:i -3t:s will t t SOLDIERS ' OF THE SERVIAN : CLASH OF TONGUES Before flags and religions men knew friend from foe by the language test More than half ot all the ware of Eu rope have been fought by parties mu tually . unintelligible. : Broadly speaking, all European lan guages belong to the Aryan group. The most important exception Is the Magyar, a dialect of the same lani guage spoken by Turks and Finns. How Divided by Language. Of the Aryan tongues there are three great general divisions in Europe Ro mance, Teutonic, Slavic. We are In terested only In the latter two. And of the Teutonic German is spoken by 80,000,000, of which 10,000,000 are In Austria and 2,000,000 In Hungary. There are 140,000,000 Slavs in Eu rope. From this It appears that the pres ent political boundaries are not coter minous with linguistic groups. Right here in this fact we have the seeds of present and future trouble and' a clue to the causes of most of the wars In eastern Europe through 2,000 years. " Slav Situation In Europe, To get before us the fuU signifi cance of the fact suggested by the map let us consider the linguistic com plexion of these countries. Russia is a veritable hodgepodge of tongues, but of her Slav population alone we have at least , two distinct elements today bitterly opposed, to each other with the possibility, if not the probability, of a third, which will seek recognition. ; , As against .' Russians proper there are over 10,000,000 Poles, and of the remaining Slavs there : are 8,000,000 Rutbenians, or Little or White Rus sians, as they are sometimes called. Of the general Polish situation I shall speak later. .' In Germany there are over 3,000,000 Slavs, chiefly Polish. . ( Of Austria's . 30,000,000 population only about a third is German, the re mainder being Slav, of which there are over 6,000,000 .Czechs or Bohemians, 5,000,000 Poles, 3,500,000 Ruthenlans, and a million and a quarter Slovenes. Many Tongues in Hungary, Hungary is even more diversified in tongue. The Magyar ' element f 10,000,000) is equaled by the non Magyar made up roughly of 2,000,000 Germans, 2,000,000 Slovaks, one-halt Minion Ruthenes, 3,000,000 Serbo- Croates, all of the Slavonic tongue, and about 3,000,000 Roumanians who do not speak Slav at all, but a mance language. '. ; . Ro- r We need not here consider the lin guistic affinities of the Balkan states. It is enough to say that Servia Is pure ly Servian and Slav, Bulgaria Is Bul gar and Slav (though the basis of blood of Bulgars Is, like that of the Magyar, Asiatic) v The population of Montenegro, about half a million, are Slavs of the Ser vian branch. , Roumanians . are of mixed Origin, but . the Roumanian tongue is spoken by 12,000,000 people, of which five and a half million are in Roumania (92 per cent of Its total population), the remaining millions are found in the Dual lonarchy, Ser via, Bulgaria and Russia. . tPeople Develop Languages. Millions of people today speak' Pol ish whose ancestors a few generations ago weren't conscious of the fact that they spoke any, language At all. To day there la a Slavonio literature; 50 years ago no one even thought of such a thing. The millions of Bohe mians bad become almost entirely Ger mans, : and. never j before have they been so thoroughly Slavonic as today. Bohemian hostility to Germany has Lbeen called a passion. It was not so very long ago that the language of the Hungarian parliament was Latin; Magyar was held fit only for peasant talk. Today the1 bitterness between from a 'general . European conflict In the opinion of John J. Arnold, vice president and manager of the foreign exchange department of the First Na tional bank of Chicago. "By Germany entering the arena of war the most important competitor of the United States In South America is removed for some time," said Mr. Arnold. "England is a strong competi tor for this trade, but the Germans do ty tr the largest proportion. But Crm.ry wltb ports blockaded, cr at !- - t iac " . t,?.J. tBuct feel t-'t La- ARMY Magyar and Slav is as strong as be tween German and Pole. A few years ago there was no con sciousness in Gallcia of linguistic dis tinction between Poles and Ruthe nlans; 'Ruthenlan peasants were con tent, to remain serfs of Polish nobility. There was no Ruthenian literature; Ruthenian was not a polite language. Today there are distinguished scholars who seek to found a Ruthenian univer sity." , Rouaes National Spirit And this brings us to a strange and Interesting phenomenon , that has swept across Europe, now even, around the world, in the last half century; the rise of a linguistic consciousness, which in so many instances has sought expression m statehood. - Primitive man knew his enemy as one of strange tongue, and language! was the basis of social organization, That was the condition In 'Europe till Greece, and later Rome, began the game of conquest. . The holy Roman empire gathered these diverse savage hordes vmder a single government, but never into a homogeneous state. The modern empires of Germany, Russia, Austria have continued the old game. And the tendency to central ize and build up even larger empires grows apace on the one hand, with the other tendency equally strong for the diverse elements of. these modern states to resolve themselves into an cient tribal elements, based on lin guistic lines. . Trouble in Barring Language,' And the whole trouble la due to the fact thai European statesmen were not far-sighted enough to know that often the easiest way to get some thing is by pretending you don't want it. - ' - -, .. The Polish tongue was never so dear to the Poles of the kingdom as ,when Russia forbade its use in pub lic places and for public purposes. ; The sympathies of the Roumanian ot Hungary are not ao much with the flag of their country, or their loyalty so much or the emperor of the Dual Monarchy as for the flag and the king of Roumania. . . v ; i : The case ot Poland ia probably fa miliar to alL It is enough here to re call that by a process of dismember ment, which took ptece about 100 years ago the ancient and honorable kingdom of Poland, which bad had a long and illustrious eareer, ceased to exist, . .- .;.-y -.. ''- Lloit's Share t Russia. ; The greater part of the kingdom fell to the lot of Russia, with the an cient Polish city of Warsaw as its center. '?" . V.,;.:''' ; ;U ' A smaller porttou fell into the hands of Austria, and today forms the prov ince of Gallcia, with its two Important cities, Lemburg and Cracow.' ' A still smaller portion,, with Posen as its center, passed into German hands. ',y-y ."v"'' ,'. Russian " Poland was permitted to have a constitution of Its own from 1815 to 1813, and Its own government till 1864, at which time it quite lost its administrative independence. Four years later its government was abso lutely incorporated with that of Rus sia, and the Polish language was de nied a legal existence. ( ' . Coercion ' Causes Discontent , Possibly Russia governs Poland bet ter than the Poles oould have" gov erned it themselves. It Is conceivable that in the substitution of the Russian for the Polish language (and the' two are closely : allied) the Poles would have little, if anything to lose. . v It is quite within the bounds of im agination to believe that Poland as a part, of RuBsia could participate in a milch larger world than could have been possible to her had she remained Poland. A ,v;;; " But it is contrary to human nature to be coerced; it is contrary to hu man nature to be compelled td give up that to which we have become habituated. . . - , The Poles of Russia naturally have been discontented. r They have not been satisfied .with their representa tion in the Russian duma; they are dissatisfied with Russia's treatment ot the . Jewish question in the kingdom,. , Russia's efforts at repression not only double but redouble Polish ef fort to gain recognition, to win free dom. - There are millions of Poles who dream of and hope for a reunited, tree, and independent kingdom of Poland. mense commerce in South America, Africa, China and other points, and the great chance will have arrived for American manufacturers. "There la no question but that South Americans prefer German goods. They are accustomed to them, and It would require a great deal to obtain their trade in ordinary times. But If Ger many is tied up by war they must have these products, no matter where they get taem. Tney win ne rorced to turn either to Enjland or to the TJnttel Elates." , , - PROKOTE A CLEAR SM CUTICURA And.Cuticura Oinfmffhr. They afford complete satis- faction tO all who rrlv nnnn tVk' , J dl,W " ,rf V UPn tnem tor a dear jBkin, clean ' SCaJp, good - hair, and Soft. white hands - Samples Free by Mall CcotSop and oiotmmt mid throw hoot tbm HUBBY GOT THE GOODS, BUT- It Was the First Flush of vtha Hon eymoon, and He 8aye i "Never Agalnl" "Never again," was the conclusion of a story told by a young bridegroom of the month, after he related his ef forts to please-his bride by fulfilling her every wish. Sitting In his office a few days after the wedding he received a telephone call which was something like this: "Dearie, I do so hate to trouble you. but I have run out of lace for that dress 1 was making, and I can't finish it until I have another yard.' Can't" yon stop at the store and get some as you come home Oh, I can tell you what ft is like just four leaves, then a sprig, then four leaves, then a sprig, and so on it's Just two threads over an. men wide." . ' , He hang up the receiver and mopped his brow. Be, walked by the store twice, fl Bally entered and approached the lace counter. She was pretty, but he had been married only a week and was busy repeating fn his mind: "Four leaves, then a sprig.-- "",-""-7 ; "Well, after looking at 500 samples of mee, I got it, but "Indianapolis News. - "1. 'sj , Woman Deserved 8harp Retort -; A white Pomeranian escaped from the arms of its mistress in Surf ave nue;. Coney island, the other night and Tan In trout ' of an automobile. A newsboy darted after the dog, caught", it, and then fell in a mud puddle. "He lost a dozen or so of papers but held , on to the dog, which be returned to Its owner slightly soiled, v- ' ' t "You Impudent Httle stamp!" said ' the woman. : "What made you get the dear little dog so dirty. You ought to be whipped." ' : "I am mighty glad 1 didn't save your '. life," repHecf the boy, and a score of onlookers applauded him. , " ' The eomfng man is seldom noticed until he arrives. v Even the baby in the cradle finds this a rocky- world. ' 1 We Do . . .' the Cookinjj You avoid fussing over a hot stove-- - : , Sav ' time and .energy Have a dish that will pleaie the home folks! t : A package of - .-' and some cream of good milk sometimes .with berries cr fruit , A Breakfast, lunch or upper FitforalCfca! Toasties are ' sweet, crisD bits of Indian . corn perfectly . cocked and toasted . Ready to t.l from tha 1 SOAP "I7
The News-Record (Marshall, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 14, 1914, edition 1
6
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75