T , ; : ; . the news record, Marshall, nI c September 6,1934 " " . . ; . News Review of Current Events the World Over Speaker jRainey's Death Starts Race for His Position Prominent Men Organize Liberty League to Combat Radicalism. By EDWARD W. PICKARD by Wwtm Newspaper Union. HENRY T. BArNET, veteran con gressman from Illinois and speak er of the house, died unexjectedly !n a St Louis hospital where he was be lieved to be recover ing from an attack of bronchial pneumonia. The Immediate cause of his death was an gina pectoris. Mr. Rainey, who was with in a day of being seventy-four years old, was first elected to con gress In 1902, and he served continuously with the exception of one term, being de feated In the Harding Henry T. Rainey landslide of 1020. He was elected to the speakership when John Nance Garner became Vice President His control over the house during the ses sions of last year and this year, while the President's program was being put through, was gentle hut so firm that the legislators were kept well In line. Mr. Rainey devoted much of his service In Washington to efforts to Im prove the condition of the farmers, for he held that farm prosperity was essential In any program for national well being. He also was a student of tariff and fiscal subjects. As a Demo crat he was always a "regular." He was the author of the tariff commis sion law and of much other Impor tant legislation. Mrs. Rainey acted as her husband s secretary for years and is so well ac quainted with congressional work that the Democrats may select her as the candidate to complete his term as rep resentative from the Twentieth Illinois district. Mr. Rainey was buried In his home town, Currollton, after services which were attended by President Roosevelt and many other notable persons. SPEAKER RAINEY'S death will re sult In a spirited contest among a number of men who are ambitious to succeed him. First In the line of suc cession, so to speak. Is Representative Jos eph V. Byrns of Ten nessee, who has been serving as majority floor leader and who Is head of the Demo cratic national COn- fii 'milium. - -'j -""u'"cc V M President Roosevelt Is I TsiA-P! S'ng t0 take n part flOt.' J in the race, but the more liberal of the New Dealers are known to favor Sam Rayburn of Texas. Well Informed ob servers believe Byrns will be elected speaker and Rayburn floor leader. Other aspirants for the speakership are John E. Rankin of Mississippi, who has announced his candidacy; William B. Bankhead of Alabama, and John J. O'Connor of New York. Mr. Byrns has been- a member of the house continuously since his election to the Sixty-first congress. His work as floor leader. In conjunction with Ralney's rule as speaker, was not es pecially pleasing to the New Dealers for some months during the last ses sion, but before adjournment most of the misunderstandings were cleared up. In any case, the administration seldom Interferes In the selection of the leaders of congress, not wishing to Incur the enmity of powerful mem bers of the party. RETURNING from his swift trip to attend the funeral of Mr. Rainey. the President went directly back to Washington Instead of going to his Hyde Park home. This change In plan was due, it was said, to the develop ment of a bitter dispute between Gen. Hugh S. Johnson on one side and Don ald Rlchberg, Mr. Roosevelt's chief in dustrial adviser, and Secretary of La bor Perkins on the other, over the new structure to be given the NRA. The Issue, It was disclosed, Is wheth er there shall be a board of control In authoritative management of the NRA or a board which shall be more advisory In power, leaving the real control still in the hands of tie ad ministrator and Ma deputies. It waa expected Mr. Roosevelt would take command of the situation and deter mine definitely what ahall be don with the recovery administration. ORGANIZED labor scored a victory over . Recovery . Administrator Johnson when the national labor rela tions beard ottered John Donovan, former president of the NRA nalon dismissed by Johnson for "inefficiency.- reinstated to his position with the labor advisory board. - "The agencies which are adminis tering the law should In their- ewn dealings bp hold Its purposes,' the board said la Its decision, giving a veiled reproof to Johnson for what It Implied waa a violation of section 7a of the NRA. , , .-- v - -' With rather bad grace the NRA ac cepted the rebuke and permitted Don ovan to return to bis Job. Johnson himself had nothing to ssy about It. but Dr. Gustsv Peck. -Donovan's tm ir :'ate superior. Issued a statement la wtlch he snLTed at the board's de- Joseph W Byrns clslon and warned Donovan that he would have to "toe the mart Soon after this the NRA announced that It does " not regard Itself as obliged to withdraw the Blue Eagle In cases where the national labor rela tions board has found companies guilty of violation of section 7A of the na tional Industrial recovery act and of subsequent failure to obey the Instruc tions of the board. The labor board has recommended withdrawal of the Rlue Eagle to the NRA compliance board In all cases where companies have disobeyed Its instructions to reinstate discharged employees. The decision by the NRA will remove teeth from decisions by the board, since It may now hear cases, make decisions, and find that no penalties are Inflicted for disobey ing its orders. OOTTON garment code amendments reducing the working hours and giving workers a wage increase have been signed by the President The amendments, which affect plants In 42 states, are of far-reaching importance. Sidney Hillman. labor advisory board member and Amalgamated Clothing union head, termed signing of the order "the most far-reaching move NRA has yet made to Increase employment." It was hoped that this order would avert the threatened strike of the garment workers. TWO prominent Democrats, two Re publicans almost euuly prominent, and one leailiig industrialist, all of them of conservative tendencies, have united to organize the American Liberty league dedicated to a war on radicalism in the United States. The five founders of the league are: Al fred E. Smith. Demo crat I c Presidential candidate in 1928; John V. Davis Dem ocratic Presidential candidate in 1924; Nathan L. Miller, Re publican ex-governor of New Vork; James W. Wadsworth, Republican congressman from New York, former senator and Presidential possibility for 1936; Irenee Du Pont, manufacturer, who supported Smith In 1928 and Roosevelt in 1932. They be lieve the league meaibership will grow Into the millions and that it will become an Important element In the national life. For president of the organization the founders selected Jouett Shouse, for mer chairman of the Democratic na tional committee and president of the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment until repeal was accom plished. In a statement Mr. Shouse set forth the purposes of the league as follows: "It is a nonpartisan organization, formed, as stated In its charter, to defend and uphold the Constitution of the United States and to gather and disseminate information that (1) will teach the necessity of respect tor the rights of persons and property as fundamental to every successful form of government and (2) will teach the duty of government to encourage and protect Individual and group Initiative and enterprise, to foster the right to work, earn, save, and acquire property, and to preserve the ownership and lawful use of property when ac quired.' " To Interviewers Mr. Shouse declared the league was not anti-Roosevelt but It seemed clear that It will be opposed to most of the major purposes of the New Deal and the radical professors of the brain trust He said be had visited the President and Informed him fully of the purposes of the league, but he would not tell what Mr. Roose velt's reaction had been. IN THE nature of a reply to the for mation of the American liberty league was a speech delivered In Washington by Secretary of Commerce Daniel C. Roper. He denied that the "profit motive in American life has been or is to be abolished by the New Deal, asserting that it seeks only to abolish "certain profit abases," such as profits on watered stocks and dis proportionate salaries. "Private enterprise," said Mr. Roper, "Is getting back anon Its own feet, and more and mora Is exerting Its in itiative and Is able o relieve the fed eral government- of responsibilities, which under normal conditions belong ta business. -- "Pardon my repeating again that the Roosevelt administration is, squarely behind this principle. It believes la Just profits for management and capi tal and an equitable return to labor for Its rightful rewards la the eco nomic processes. 4 - "No thinking business manjdealres te have the old order restored. He does desire and Is entitled to hare the new order characterised by a better control . against economic cataclysms and by the freedom to exercise bis Initiative tn planning for the future of his business la the light of aa equlfr able profit system." Jouett Shouse THB strike of track drjvers In Mln- X neapolU was ended when the men and their employer accepted com promise agreement, and martial law In the city waa discontinued, business thereafter speeding back to ' normal conditions. The peace plan, devised by federal representatives, provided that all employees on strike be returned to their jobs without discrimination and on basis of seniority. It Included an agreement to bold an election within ten days In each of the 160 firms In volved to determine whether their em ployees want . the drivers' union or other representatives to act for them in collective bargaining, and a pledge of the 166 firms to pay for at least one year not less than 50 cents an hour to drivers and 40 cents to help era, platform men and Inside workers. I William green, president oi ' ' the American Federation of La bor, says he hopes the general strike of textile Industry, workers will be averted; but he an nounces at the same time that the federa tion Indorses the strike and will co operate fully with the officers and members of the United Textile Workers' organisation. He appointed federa tion committees to aa '- liTifrirff sist the textile work ers and announced that he would draft William Green trained organizers and strike special ists from other unions to assist the textile union. George A. Sloan, president of the Cotton Textile Institute and chairman of the cotton textile code authority, said the threatened strike is not Justi fied by the facts established by Im partial government economists. Challenging the wage Increase' de mand of the United Textile Workers of America, Mr. Sloan declared that "as a result of three basic wage pro visions In the code the hourly wages paid In, March. 19.14. show an Increase of 7 per cent as compared with March, 1933. when there was no code. "All of this has meant a substantial Increase In manufacturing costs," Mr. Sloan said, "and the research and plan ning division of the NRA found, after a comprenensive investigation lbsi June, that 'under existing conditions there Is no factual or statistical basis for any general Increase in cotton tex tile code wage rates.'" Mr. Sloan estimated the present number of workers at work In some 1.200 mills In the cotton Industry at 400,000. T IEUT.-COL. MARIO HERNANDEZ organized a plot to overthrow the government of President Mendleta of Cuba and establish a military dictator ship, but the authorities got wind of It and frustrated the conspiracy, tn which a considerable part of the army was Involved. Col. -Fulgenclo Batista head of the army, said that Major Benltes and some soldiers were sent to arrest Hernandez and that ' eight men of the detachment were killed. Hernandez tried to shoot Benltes but was himself shot In the head and neck. The official report said Hernandez was being rushed toward Havana In an automobile and that the car upset the prisoner being killed, though the oth ers In the car were uninjured. MaJ. Angel Echcvarrla, commandant of Fourth Infantry at Camp Columbia, and Capt. Augustln Erlce, chief of the signal corps, conspirators with Her nandez, were captured later and a summary court martial sentenced them to death. Four thousand troops in Plnar del Rio are confined to barracks, under arrest and a thorough reorganization of the entire high command of the Cuban army Is In full swing. About 200 civilians have also been arrested as parties to the conspiracy, charged with carrying messages to military plotters,-- EMGHTY-EIGHT Soviet citizens are - now under arrest In Mancbukuo, charged with plotting against Man cbukuo and Japan and sabotaging Japanese military trains. The Russian government through Acting Consul General Rayvid at Harbin, has pre sented to the foreign office of Man chukuo a demand for an explanation of the arrests and Insists on prompt measures tor the release ot ue prisoners. "The arrests were madewithout documents, ' accompanied by searches of the apartments and offices of Soviet employees of the Chinese Eastern rail way which have not been explained," Rayvid said. ; .The Japanese allege that some of the prisoners confessed to an attack on the Japanese military Intelligence office at Suifenbo (Pogranlchnaya), te sending Manchorlaa and Goreaa cam mnnlsts Into the territory, te wreck ing trains carrying Japanese troops aad munitions toward the frontier, and to creating general disturbances along the eastern line, '; :- ''';: f Probably before long will coma the news that the Japanese have seised the Chinese Eastern railway, and that may very well result la war between Japan and Russia. - " .- , BY A vote of about 10 to 1 the peo ple of Germany decided that Chan cellor Adolf Hitler's action In assum ing the powers of president' waa all right The result of the 'plebiscite was: "Tea," 58,3(52,709; -No,- 4J9V 654 ; "Invalid." 87X208. Though the "yes" votes were several million leas than In the November plebiscite ea the withdrawal from the League of Na tlona, the Nazis are satisfied and Hit ler appears to be safely fixed as the country's ruler for tho rest of his life His power, as chancellor-leader, b greater than that at any other dictator THIS WEEK Hostile to Christianity Hitler's Great Power Fourteen-Pound Baby Quite Easily Said ' . Jn spite of a gigantic vote, about 88,000,000 to about 4,000,000, that gave Hitler absolute power In Germany, Hitler's ardent admirers are annoyed that even four million votes should read "No." The Jews of Germany could not well be blamed, since there are only 600,000 of them. They could not well cast 4,CJ9,000 Votes. Ilerr Goebbels, Hitler's propa ganda chief, suggests In his newspaper Angrlff that the antl-H-ltler votes were cast by -German Catholics. That "No" votes were Catholic votes seems pr.obable, in view of the atti tude of Hitler's government toward religion In general, Catholicism In par ticular, and emphatic complaints made by the Vatican. It Is feared by Protestants as well ss Catholics that hostility to Chris tianity may develop and spread among Germans as it has done in Russia, SpainMexico and elsewhere. Hitler Lnw holds In his name all tho powers once exercised by the kaiser, the relchstug, the various separate kingdoms and governments that make up the German empire. Also, quite Important, "Ilerr Hitler has the power to declare war and to make pence." It might be easier to declare war than to make peace in these times. He is commander of the army, navy and air force, which Indicates rapid progress for a gentleman who was not citizen of the German nation four years ago. Mrs. Ted Glovler. of Moorefleld, W. Va., weighs 120 pounds, her hus band weighs l.'iTi pounds. Not that his weight makes any difference. Their little boy, named, as you will guess. Franklin Delano Glovler, Just arrived weighs fourteen pounds. Franklin Delano Glovler will not attract as much attention as do the five Dlonne quintuplets. But the mother is. proud of the fact that her Franklin Delano weighs at birth one pound and a half more than all five of the quintuplets. Franklin Delano Glovler's father says. I can't account"for it." No account- ng is necessary. Every baby, big or little, is a marvel, and weight at llrth makes little difference. One slckjy lit tle baby called Voltaire started a work that overthrew a long line of fat French kings. The big steel comitanles talk of aban doning the NRA code altogether,. fear Ing the consequences of putting their Industry absolutely In the control of organized labor. More easily said than done," they will he told. An old horse mired in a awamp might talk about "abandoning the leeches that cling to him," but the leeches would cling. American Indus try must go all the way through the process of being managed by those that never successfully managed any thing else before. Maybe the experi ment will lead to the millennium, maybe not All must hope and co operate, even the mired horse. Lloyd George, In his memoirs, says that while England was borrowing American dollars so Industriously, the "United States, shocked by the cost of war, was suspicious as the allies asked for credit" He does not add, as be might that Americans would have been wise to refuse the credit, since all of "our gallant allies" have turned out to be gallant welcbers. New York presents to your atten tion an Interesting robbery In the bor ough of Brooklyn. A well-organised gang of highwaymen surrounded an armored car, with machine guns care fully planted in a peddler's cart and In parked cars, held np the armed guards, stele $427,000. The robbers escaped in three high powered automobiles, the armored truck pursuing, one machine gun that the robbers had overlooked spitting futile bolleta, - r""': ' :v v That appears to be the record for robbery In the public streets. The eleven bandits will regret to bear that. In addition to overlooking one ma chine gun, they overlooked $29,000 In cash. A big diamond la coming to the Unit. ed -States, fourth largest In the world, called the Jonker gem. The ."pebble", was found In South Africa by a fann er, and sold to tho diamond corpora tion for $315,000. The corporation re fused fSOttOOO for the atone, now com ing hero to be cut to beat advantage. Ladles will wear diamonds aa big aa pigeons' eggs, but hardly as big as tnrkey"a egg. That would be con animoos. - " Hoboken. N. X. is shocked. On gentleman. 'who liked tho looks of an other gentleman's . wife, bought the wife for $700, to be paid. la lnstaO-- menta. like aa automobile, "with her romantic consent," the last Installment paid recently. That saxes an mat are absolutely well behaved shudder, although many millions of human beings on earth nev er get a wife except by purchase. Oth er millions may sell a wife If they choose, and no evil la thought ot 1 U Is thinking that "makes It so." : - n, Klas Fntiw Syadlaat Imm. WAU National Topics Interpreted -; by William ri j ' i i t U Washington. Chester C ayls, the agricultural adjustment administrator. , tn a conversation Drouth had . with blm the Abli other day. uttered an observation which seems to be decidedly1' worthwhile and one which, because of the assurance and contents, ought to be- repeated here. ' My conversation with Mr. Davis had te do With questions concerning drouth relief and 1 want to quote his remarks because of the widespread de struction of the current period when rainfall baa been nil in so many com munities. "It Is as unsafe and unjust to measure the true potentialities of this country,' Mr. Davis said, "by the extreme drouth conditions of this year aa it was to measure them by the bumper crop years which happened to coincide with high prices so that everybody felt sudden riches were In sight The one extreme Is Just as deceptive as the other." Mr. Davis outlined what the gov ernment was attempting to do since its policy has been changed and since in dividuals no longer are required to fend for themselves. He declared the changes In policy that have been taken represent a frank recognition of re sponsibilities by the present leadership and it was his conviction that more has been done in the face of similar conditions than ever has been done before to relieve human distress. He added that It bad been found difficult. of course, to meet and solve many of the problems and that there Is not suf ficient prowess even In our national government to counteract all of the effects of such a calamity. The ad ministrator holds to the belief, how ever, that the steps taken by- the ad ministration constitute the beginnings of a national program from which ap parently It Is proposed eventually to develop national policies for dealing with all kinds of distress. Obviously, Mr. Davis did not touch on these phases because his job is to deal with agricultural situations and he has not gone beyond them. Calling attention to the fact that the drouth relief program Is the greatest ever undertaken In this or any other country. Mr. Davis summarized the Joint activity of the several govern ment agencies In the following lan guage: The purchase of surplus cat tle, with the processing of meat for relief distribution: encouragement of production of forage crops ; .co-ordination ot seed purchase: human employ ment relief f purchase of adapted feed grain; forestatlon and other measures to conserve moisture, prevent wind erosion and minimize the effects of fu ture drouth, and tn addition such crop benefit payments aa have been made and which now turn out to be in his opinion crop Insurance. Mr. Davis Is optimistic concerning the future of the American farmer. , , . despite the hardships Optunutic of the current drouth, as to Future He suggested, bow ever, thst It waa nec essary to face the facts of the current drouth, but also, to resort to the language of the street the admin istrator thinks the country must not allow the current problems to knock It down. "If the doubts and fears lately ex pressed had been 'heeded." Mr.' Davis added, "the great plains never would have teen settled. The troubles of to day are but repetition on a less fear ful scale of the obstacles encountered by the early settlers. But Instead of turning back -In the face of hardships, those pioneers established their homes and did not let drouth, flood, hall, or Indians stop them. "Instead, the pioneers and their sons searched the world for drouth resistant wheat and grains which would mature In season, they bred op the droutb-reslstant forage crops and planted them. They buHt a civilization on an expanse of the map which once was labeled the Great Americas des ert The drouths we have lived through In the past did not . conquer the spirit nor stop the development of the West. The drouth of 1934 will not atop the men of , the West In their forward march to conquer nature." - The thing about the remarks which Mr. Davis attered that appealed to me and to numerous other Washington ob servers wsa the candor with which he treated tho problems. He made no at tempt In thla conversation nor has he done so In several speeches he has made lately to use language that waa hysterical. For aa example of what t mean, dispatches coming from, 'presi dent Roosevelt's train on his homeward trip across the northern hsf of this country gave varloas figures aa to tho loss occasioned by the drouth. One of these dispatches credited SO emergency relief official with the statement that the drouth bad cost tho farmers fire billion dollars. Another dispatch placed tho figure somewhat lower and gave no authority for. the estimate. Rot the point la .that while Mr. Da via recog nises the desperation of the farmers aad the necessity for-their relief, there Iras nothing sensational In his discus sion. It la to be remembered that the total farm Income of 1933 waa only a little more than alx billion dollars and tt la hard fee observers here te believe that the drouth has destroyed flvo alxtha of this country's agrtcaltnrai In-; Bruckart acjqggfc In the light ' of ihli coma thla year. fact, the tempered remarks t by Mr. Davis take on added significance and weight. e e -e - It now Beems certain that when the congress returns to Washington next - January It will be . rritf Ak called upoa Immedl Afre Funds tely by the admin istration to . voto more funds for relief of the drouth vic tims. Until later, however, the extent to which the administration will seek to go In this direction cannot be fore told. It Is evident that having seen tho circumstances ; first band,- Mr, Roose velt's entire Sympathy will be behind whatever proposal be makes. Observers . here,, however, foresee some dangers as a result of the pres ent desperate conditions. They know that Mr. Roosevelt will, as he baa fre quently stated, go the limit with fed eral funds, but the danger foreseen by astute observers here Is that some of the members of the house and senate will attempt to go beyond all reason In preparation of relief plans during next winter. .It Is not unusual, aa the rec ords show, that, on every occasion when the federal treasury doors are opened senators or representatives will come forward with scores of plans un der the guise of human relief to get their hands on government money for their constituents. It is fair to say that some of these will be sincere. It la equally fair to say that as In the past some of them will have been misguided. The conversations one hears around Washington therefore In dicate that those charged with gov ernment responsibility must be on their guard If vast suras are not to be wasted under the guise of extending relief to needy victims of nature's pranks this year. Some of the brain trusters already have developed far flung plans for the physical transfer of thousands of farm families from the drouth stricken dis tricts into other areas where they can get started again. While generally speaking I believe sentiment In the government favors doing anyrhlng that will afford relief next winter, a good many of the higher authorities in the administration point out that the scheme of transposition of whole families and their belongings presents grave problems. Without attempting to discuss the merit or demerit of the scheme, tt seems to me that attention ought to be called to the fact that human beings Just cant agree, to such jjrgrams. .: . ... eO'-.-'-.N;-Tbere was a cartoon In one of the eastern metropolitan newspapers the other day that de Price plcted Uncle Sam Situation begging a small boy labeled "Prices" to grow up so that he could reach hit height of 1920. Beside it was another caricature which showed Uncle Sam warning the same boy to stop- grow ing and announcing that If be, the prices qf food, grows too much, "I will crack down." I refer to this cartoon because most Washington observers see the price situation in this country to be quite confusing. It Is to be re called that throughout last year and early In 1934 the administration pred icated an ot ita actlona on a desire to raise prices. Now, however, the ef fect of the prolonged drouth la the agricultural areas Is being felt In tho cities and President Roosevelt an nounced his fear that profiteering in food prices Is likely to result and made known that the administration has definite plans to curb any undue rise In prices. Thus far It has not been . made clear what la considered an un due price' rise under present condi tions but the President : stated with emphasis In a-press conference that . he would not perm't profiteering to take place In the coming fall and win ter because, he Indicated, ha thought the price Increases would be unjustl- ' The President and Secretory Wal lace, of the Department of Agriculture, are working hand In hand Iff the de velopment of machinery which they Intend to use to protect consumers -from profiteering. Mr.; Roosevelt as serted he bad plenty of power with. which to do this Job. Mr. Wallace. speaking later, said the first check that . would be placed on aa undue rise prices would be closer supervlaloa of , the train markets. Any Indications of J manipulation In those markets will bo dealt with summarily, according to i Mr. Wallace. 'r-Sd : ; i- Tv.:, The circumstances surrounding price questions, however, have caused many ooservers to ask for further exposition ' of the administration's policies tn this regard. As far aa I have been able to learn-' none of the - administration , spokesmen are willing at this time to -go beyond the threat to crack down . If there Is profiteering, tt must be as sumed, therefore, that moderate pries r. Increases will be tolerated. If they are aot It la made to appear that the poll ' ciea opon which tho agricultural ad- - Justment administration have been op orating and those that have served aa the gsldeposts for NRA In its code making ars.no longer holding favor with the administration. In other -words,' there la profound confusion ever the question of pries Increases at this time. K