THE NEWS-RECORD, MARSHAIJUNP' FEBRUARY 28, 1935 BRISBANE THIS WEEK The Gold Decision Beheading Women Murder With Germs The Atom. Absolute Zero The Supreme court upholds the Pres ident and congress in their legislative and executive ac tion outlawing gold as money In the United States and Invalidating "gold clauses" In private contracts. The Supremo court's decision is all the more Impor tant and gratifying, because every American knows that no considera tion outside the letter of the Con stitution could have influenced Chief Arthur Brisbane Justice Hughes or his associates. The Supreme court decision disposes of the statement that President Roose velt's administration has been proceed ing "regardless of the Constitution." The decision will be reassuring to busi ness and the public generally. From every point of view the be heading of women by Mr. Hitler's gov ernment seems to have been a pain fully disgusting performance. The women's hands were bound with steel chains in fear, perhaps, that they might bite through strings or straps. The agile headsman, in full dress, cut off both heads In six minutes. The women were beheaded out of doors In the night. Just before dawn, with flood lights for the headsman's work. Witnesses of the killings praise the composure of the two women. Kach walked to her death erect, wrists chained behind her. showing no sign of fear. An eyewitness said: "They set a good example to our men. whom we usually have to drag to the scaffold." You have read about "war with germs" In the next great outburst. India proves that It could be done. At Alipore two are condemned to death, convicted of "germ murder." As rich Amarendra Natb Pandey walked along the street he felt a sharp stab. He cried out. A germ poisoner had In jected plague germs Into his blood. Amarendra died. His murderers were his step-brother and his doctor. Two other doctors, accused, were acquitted. A well-organized germ war could be disagreeable, distributing disease germs above great cities and In reservoirs from planes. At I.eyden. In Holland, scientists have produced a degree of cold said to approach within one five-thousandth of a degree of absolute zero. A gigantic electro-magnet. In com bination with liquid helium, produces the lowest temperature ever known on earth. The lowest possible degree of cold, the absolute zero, would be minus 273 degrees centigrade, or minus 459.6 Fahrenheit. At least science thinks so. It used to call the atom "smallest frag ment of matter." Science needs "absolute zero" to help In tearing apart the atom, now known to be a miniature solar system. Doctor Steinach of Vienna, whose business has been transplanting glands of lower animals to the bodies of men, to prolong youth and extend the years of possible parentage, an nounces now a "chemical substance" that makes transplanting glands un necessary. The chemical, called prog ynon, possibly a compound of "prog eny," is available for men or women. The fact that a demand for It exists proves what fools there are, among men and women, seeking for more trouble, after kind nature has set them free. Henry Ford views money philosophi cally as merely an abstract "Indefinite, Incoherent homogeneity." as Herbert Spencer might have called It Mr. Cameron, broadcasting, mentioned cas ually the fact that Mr. Ford In one year lost $68,000,000. When this writer asked Henry Ford what was the most money he had lost In any year while "changing type" and reorganizing, he replied : "1 didn't lose any money. I only distributed some money." It has been customary at executions la New Jersey state prison to admit relatives of a murdered man, that they may witness the killing of the mur derer; rery considerate, if relatives of one murdered really desire to see the murderer as he sits In the chair, straining against the straps and froth ing behind the mask. It la safe to predict that Cownel Lindbergh wiD re ject the Imitation to see Hanptmann pat to death for the kidnaping anl murder of his child, James A. Moffett, federal housing administrator, say the country la ont of the depression but doea not know IT. la the West he "found business eondl tloss definitely Improved. Los Angeles alooe ha pledged l 00,000,000 In new construction and modernisation Involv ing aD types of buildings," Saa Fran cisco likewise has embarked on an am bitious building program. '" Now If 10.000.000 r 12,000,000 Idle Americans can get back to Jobs, eve though they may "not know It,! aO -will be welL '" ' t, Klsc Fvarans Srsalssta, ! WAV . InnnnraiT ruriiTn bunntnii tvtiuia ss REVIEW ADMINISTRATION GOLD LAWS SUSTAINED BY DECISION OF SUPREME COURT. By EDWARD W. PICKARD , Western Newspaper Union. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT and the New Dealers breathed easier after the United States Supreme court hand ed down its decision sustaining Inyal- Idation of "gold clauses" In private contracts, but not on federal bonds. While It was held that the government must pay off Its bonds In gold or Its equivalent in de valued currency, an other ruling that the Court of Claims had no Jurisdiction over such cases means that It would be Impossible for holders of federal L li i iiim3 J President Roosevelt bonds to collect on their old gold basis In other words, the holder of a $l,(HHi federal bond is entitled to a technical value of $1,6!X), but In reality It would be Impractical to make any collection of that amount, since the Court of Claims Is the only tribunal before which suits against the government may be taken, and other courts may not entertain such suits without a spe cial act of congress. The court also held that those who held gold certificates had no cause of action and could not sue the govern ment The power of congress to deal with currency was fully upheld. Not only this country, but the entire world, awaited what the "nine lonely old men" of the Supreme court had to say about the Roosevelt monetary pol icies. The decision is ranked with the court's decisions In the Dartmouth col lege cases in 1S18 which upheld the sanctity of contract, and In the Dred Scott slavery case in 1S."7 which had much to do with hastening the out break of the Civil war. Brlelly, the ruling said: 1. Congress has the power to nullify promises to pay in gold contained lu the bonds of private corporations. 2. A gold certificate is worth only Its face value in present devalued cur rency. Congressional power over the currency Includes the right to estab lish circumstances under which gold certificates need not be redeemed In gold or its equivalent. 3. Congress has no authority under the Constitution to abrogate the pay-ment-ln-gold clause of government bonds, but, as no actual damage has been shown, therefore there is no basis for suit for recovery. The decision was read by Chief Jus tice Charles Evans Hughes, who voted with Justices Brandels, Stone, Roberts and Cardozo in the majority. Dissent ers were Justices McReynolds, Van Devanter, Sutherland and Butler, the four so-called conservatives. Satisfaction within the administra tion was evident at once. Justice McReynolds was spokesman for the dissenters. He unleashed a scathing attack on the majority views. His voice vibrant, he said : "The Constitution as we have known It Is gone." "If given effect, the enactments here challenged will bring about confisca tion of property rights and repudia tion of national obligations." "Just men regard spoliation of citi zens by their sovereign with abhor rence, but we are asked to affirm that the Constitution has granted power to accomplish both." "No definite delegation of such a power exists; and we cannot believe the furseelng framers, who labored with hope of establishing Justice and securing the blessings of liberty. In tended that the expected government should have authority to annihilate Its own obligations and destroy the very rights which they were endeavoring to protect" Notified that Chief Justice Hughes was reading the decision. President Roosevelt went to the cabinet room, where be listened to telephone reports from an aid. Three cabinet officers were at his side. The Chief Executive was prepared to take swift action to protect the credit of the government In case an adverse decision was hand ed down, but executive orders were wnecessary. The carefully prepared program was not needed. After a three-hour conference be tween the President and administra tion leaders. Attorney General Cum mlngs said: "As far as they concern us, the de cisions constitute a complete victory for the government all along the line." The announcement caused stock and commodity markets to soar, and be cause of the speculative frenzy, the Chicago Board of Trade suspended all trading temporarily la accordance with a recent resolution of the directors. Grain exchanges la other cities did likewise. Stock exchanges remained open and the ticker was soon nine min utes behind the trading. Railroad stocks were particularly strong In view of the decision which held the earners weald not be obliged to liquidate their obligations la the new currency at the present price of gold. Bad aa adverse decision been handed down, a number of the country's strongest Unes would have been forced Into bankruptcy. HOSTILITIES - between Senator Long and Postmaster General Farley moved swiftly toward a climax. Without objection the senate adopted Bney's resolution demanding that Sec retary ef the Interior Ickes supply to that body any information he may have regarding Investigations of pub lic works contracts with which Farley may have been connected. The post master general, who was in Sarasota, .Fla., said merely: "I do not take it seriously." Long did not get along so well with his demand for a senatorial Investi gation of Farley. It was referred to the post oflice committee, and Chair man McKellar said: "If there la any thing to be Investigated It will be in vestigated. But I don't know what the acts are. My committee will In vite Farley and Long before It and will settle the matter on Its merits as shown by the facts adduced." DR. F. E. Townsend of California, whose pension plan for the aged has gained the support of many thou sands of thoughtless citizens, went before the senate finance committee and tried to explain how the govern ment could get out of Its economic troubles by paying $200 monthly pen sions to all persons over sixty, pro vided each one must spend his $200 for commodities or services within the country each month. The senators didn't treat the proposition with much seriousness. Chairman Harrison said that with I n.Of 10.000 or more aged, the plan would cost $24,000,000,000 a year. But a 2 ner cent tax would raise only o,iuu,- (KKMHM), leaving a deficit of $19,000,- (hki.ihh) a year. "Yes," Townsend said, Dut we win not tie able to put 10,000,000 on the pension immediately. It took two vears to ret 4.000,000 men Into the army. We would have to examine each citizen for his citizenship ana age, as we examined applicants for the army." REPUBLICAN heavy guns, some light ones and a few Democratic mortars bombarded the $4,880,000,000 work relief bill in the senate, and then the administration forces had a breath ing spell over the week-end during which they worked hard to win over those mem bers of their own par ty who were consort ing with the enemy. Senator Vandenbe.ru of ! Michigan attacked the ! measure with bitter ness and sarcasm. Senator suggesting this sub- vanaenuerg stitute bll: "1. Congress hereby appropriates $4,880,01X1,000 to the I'resldent to use as he pleases. "2. Anybody who doesn't like It Is fined $1,000." Senator Adams of Colorado, Demo crat, who fears an appropriation of the size asked will damage the credit of the nation, carried to the floor the amendment that had been beaten in committee, namely, cutting the total amount to $2,880,000,000. Senator McCarren of Nevada, also a Democrat, was still arguing for his plan that the committee had rejected and the administration opposed, fixing work relief wages at the rates prevail ing In different localities. The hill as modified by the senate appropriations committee after long controversy re quires that prevailing rates he paid If the President finds wages In private Industry are being undermined. Vandenberg In the course of his speech asserted the bill would permit the government to compete with any business It pleased. In reply to this Senator Mahoney of Wyoming, who had Just called on the President, said from the White House steps that Mr. Roose velt Is determined to authorize only projects that will not compete with private Industry, and also that he "will use all his Influence to maintain rates of wages and standards In private in dustry." In a party conference the Republic ans agreed to try to limit the bill to one year Instead of two. Their rea son Is that as It stands the measure gives the President authority to al locate funds for projects through the months when the 1936 Presidential campaign will be going on. Most of the Republicans also favored the pre vailing wage amendment, and some of them supported the plan fathered by Adams. The administration - Demo crats were still confident they could put the bill through without serious changes. LIEUT. GALVIN M. BOLSTER, a member of the crew of the Macon, gave some sensational testimony be fore the naval board of Inquiry into the causes of the disaster that befell the dirigible. He said "that several months ago three girders in the ship's toll had sheared, and that only minor repairs bad been made because the bureau of aeronautics ordered that the work should not Interfere with training flights. Bolster added that this work had not been completed when the Macon started on her last flight, but that he did not consider the craft unsafe for flight over the ocean except In extremely violent air. The same Indication of structural weakness also was given by RT J. Davis, chief boatswain's mate, one of twe crewmen en duty near the "cas ualty" spot la the rear . , All four Una, two horizontal and twe vertical, were fastened to the al legedly weak girder, known technical ly as -No. 17V4." - ' t Commander. P L Katch, ,oage ad vocate of the court, made pointed in quiries to determine If progressive Dumpings encountered in anchoring the Macon at Its Sunnyvale base might have strained the girder. The lower fla was attached to the ground ear In the anchoring operation. : v, : : . -y- ; Bolster said such was . possibility, but he did not see how such Jar could hurt the upper part of the . girder, where the casualty occurred, ' National Topics Interpreted .... . by William National Press Building Washington. Certain signs of tran sition are appearing In the political picture. They are Third Party becoming clear Rumblings enough to deserve attention. What they may mean in the ultimate can be made only the subject of a guess politics being what they are but Interesting circumstances can be noted as of this day and time. Third party rumblings are beginning to be heard along the whole political front. This Is noteworthy because third party rumblings usually are con fined to a few sectors, some important, some unimportant The insurgents, radicals, progressives, and Independ ents all seem to be examining the po litical horizons of 19:10. Roughly, those factions enumerated have been classified as the "sons of the wild Jack ass," an appellation given them by George H. Moses of New Hampshire, when he was filling a Republican seat In the United States senate. The fact that they remain and that Mr. Moses has passed out of the political picture is not the point. It was his descrip tion of them that gave the country Its first grouping of the political factions that have consistently kicked over the traces of the major political parties. The fact that these various groups are again examining the potentialities and the possibilities of 1930 brings di rectly Into question the progress made by the New Deal in Its program of reformation or revolution, depending on the political perspective from which von consider the New Deal. It Is two years since President Roosevelt carried his New Deal into the White House. Much water has gone over the dam since. Many ex periments have beep tried and mnny have failed. Doubtless considerable progress 'of a satisfactory form has re sulted. Yet. the "sons of the wild );n kass" are not satisfied. It may he because Mr. Roosevelt has ceased to f II so many white rabbits out of a hat after the fashion of a magician, that has caused unaffiliated factions so much disturbance. Or It may be because the Republicans, as the op position party at present, have been utterly stymied In their efforts to per form opposition functions that have proved the temptation for the so-called left wingers to capitalize whatever political opportunities remain for ex ploitation. I think It Is the general conclusion that the New Deal has not come up to expectations of the left wingers. Per haps, It might be said that nothing that the New Dealers can offer will be quite satisfactory to the left wingers, for they are difficult to satisfy. Their fertile minds are even more produc tive of experimental Ideas than are the minds even of the brain trusters, and no one has ever said a brain trust mind was not fertile At any rate, the circumstance Is cut and dried and an abundnnce of material for a third party awaits us by that type of politi cian. Observers here agree that one can not consider the outlook for 1936, and the national elections of that time, without considering the Influence that these left wingers may wield. I be lieve It is conceded everywhere that if Mr. Roosevelt succeeds In leading the country through to a higher level of prosperity than now graces our for tunes the Republican chances to de feat him are very, very low. If, on the other hand, conditions continue as they now are, Mr. Roosevelt certainly Is going to have to battle this progres sive set-up to adopt one label for all of them as well as the conservative group centering largely In the Repub licans. From this It becomes plain that a third party probably would draw away from Mr. Roosevelt all of those radicals and liberals who would go beyond his policies, while the Re publicans obviously will hold their own conservative strength and sap the Roosevelt forces to some- extent by taking conservative Independents from that side. All in all, if the third party Idea comes through, we can look for a fine political scramble from July to November of the 1936 campaign. The progressives. Including such men as LaFollette of Wisconsin, N orris of Nebraska, and Need Hero Wheeler of Montana, Leader t0 name only three. seem to feel that the New Deal program has about Jelled. They know, as all political observers know, that there are a good many hun dred thousand votes scattered around waiting to be cast In favor of a pro gram much more radical than that to which Mr. Roosevelt has been willing to agree. But the progressives have a distinct problem of their owa It Is an entire absence of an outstanding leader of the hero type who can sound the trumpet and cay for the progres sives to "follow me." ,- My Inquiries among all veins of. political opinion have given me no doe to the name of an individual who can bead up the movement As I said above, however, results cannot be predicted bow and one must add to. that statement ah that one cannot guess at the leadership of this new movement because It will have to JeH further before that leader ship appears; oa the hortxon. It Is even possible that these cur rent third party rumbtlngs will meaa no more tLan they have in many cases ff M. onicKan Washington, D. C. in the past This Is true because there Is not a Theodore Roosevelt In sight at the moment and some astute politi cians Insist there is not one in the country. If a man of the late Teddy's type and qualities should come to the surface then probably this third party movement would develop Into formid able proportions. If one does not show up, I do not see how the progressives will be any more in 1936 than the scat tered fragments of a dozen-odd polit ical philosophies. That brings us to some of the cir cumstances In congress at the present time. In previous letters I have re ported to you that there were signs Indicating difficulties for Mr. Roosevelt In holding his gigantic Democratic ma jorities together In the house and sen ate. That condition has become some what more aggravated than It ap peared when I first commented upon It There have been minor defections breaking loose from the Democratic majority In the house and In the sen ate with considerable frequency. On one or two occasions the defections were exceedingly large and, when Joined with the Republican minority, were almost large enough to constitute the majority strength. The Democrat ic leadership has wriggled out, thereby saving Its skin, but the margin of safe ty was such as to cause sleepless nights not only In the Capitol, but in high places In the administration. As one of the signs of this grow ing discontent, one has only to look back over the last few weeks and ob serve the continued prodding being given the administration from the Democratic side. The worst phase of this prodding Is the apparent willing ness of many Democratic representa tives and senatora to promote Inves tigations. There Is a faction In congress, all claiming to be good Democrats, who are on the trail of Seek Farley a postmaster General Scalp Farley's scalp. There Is another bloc of equally good Democrats who would be nnite hanDv to have Secretary Ickes ousted out of the position of secretary of the Interior and wno squawKea loua and long about giving Mr. Ickes con trol of the $5,000,000,000 relief appro priation. Within the last few days a gang has banded together on the trail of Donald Rlchberg, until recently the man who was closest of any In the administra tion to the President To add to Mr. Richberg's troubles, he Is on the outs with the American Federation or La bor and It must be said that the fed eration can do a great deal with many members of the house and senate, so, when the legislation for continuance of the National Recovery Administration gets on the floors of congress I think It Is likely this group will tear off some Rlchberg bark. Governor Eccles of the Federal Re serve bureau, a rather new New Deal er and a fast thinker, has not helped the administration's situation In con- ms9 anv bv his bank bllL He has antagonized the most virulent fighter In the halls of congress, namely, Sen ator Glass, Democrat of Virginia, by the banking proposals wmcn ne spon sored. Senator Glass has always had a following In the senate and he has it now. Whatever he does, tnererore, his leaderahln will be Important be cause he will have not only his own following but the conservative Kepuo licans as well The banking legislation, according to the view in many quarters, may turn out to be the focal point, the is hi a gin which the line of cleavage be tween the administration New Dealers and the conservatives will be definite ly established. In discussing congressional troubles for the administration no one rfnres overlook the stocky A to figure of Senator HueyLong Huey Long. Huey Just does not like Mr. Roosevelt, In fact Huey would like to be President himself. Political ambitions combined "with a vitriolic tongue give Huey a broad platform upon which to perform and unless I miss my guess be Is willing to be in creasingly troublesome to the admin istration. . . Buey knows that the administration Is going to overlook no opportunity for harpooning him. Among the exec utive departments la Washington, one hears hints, sad sometimes more than hints, that Huey . Is vulnerable ; and that these weaknesses in his armor will be exposed In due course. How much steam the administration can or will turn on-is highly problematical. It must be remembered that If, for ex ample, - Attorney General . Ou minings should authorise or direct any ac tion against Huey the Louisiana sen ator - Immediately would capitalise those orders ; as an administration movement to persecute him.- In ether words the administration Is In a spot where it can easily make a martyr out of Huey. The result of that would be to strengthen Huey's position Im measurably. I am told that any fight ing back on the part of the adminis tration, la so far as Huey Long Is concerned, is going to be given. long end serious consideration because Buey is a political bombshell. v S). Waters Nts-SBspsr Enins. , Constipated! The doctors tay ... Use liquid treatment Here is the soundest advice anyone can give on the subject of laxatives. It is based on medical opinion. We want you to have the benefit of this information no matter what laxative you may buy: The secret of real relief from consti pation is reduced dosage. You can't regulate the bowels unless you can regulate the help you give them. That is why doctors use liquid laxative; the dose can be measured to a drop. Avoid laxatives that you can't cut down in dosage; especially those that seem to require larger doses than when you began their use. Under the doctor's care, you usual ly get a liquid laxative. The right liquid laxative gives the right kind of help, and the right amount of help. Smaller and smaller doses until you don't need any. The liquid laxative generally used is Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin. It contains senna and cascara natural laxatives that form no habit. 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