By Edwar
American Company Given
Great Ethiopian Grant
17IVB days before the meeting of
the League of Nations council 10
consider the Italo-Ethloplan quarrel
Emneror Halle Selassie rook a step
tnat may compiii-aic
matters tremendously.
The "king of kings
signed and sealed a
document turning over
to American Interests
sweeping concessions
for the development
of oil, mineral and
other natural re
sources In more than
half his kingdom. The
charter was granted
to the African Explor
Hail
Selassie
ation and Development
corporation, and runs for 75 years. It
wrs obtained by F. W. Itickett, an
English promoter, representing the
corporation, and the transaction was
witnessed by Everett Andrews Col-
so ), American financial adviser to the
emperor.
the emperor himself said the con
cession was given to Standard Oil, but
officials of Standard Oil of New Jersey
and other Standard Oil units flatly
declared they had no knowledge of or
Yiterest In the grant. The company
was Incorporated in Delaware by the
United States Corporation company
of New York.
The governments of Creat Britain,
France and Italy were much stirred
by this development The British
government formally "advised" the
emperor to "withhold" the concession,
asserting that it considered this a
matter for consultations between the
English, French and Italian govern
ments. The emperor In an Interview
declared he did not see why a conces
sion granted to Americans should
create International complications or
Involve the treaty which the three
nations named signed in 11106. That
pact creates "spheres of Influence" in
Ethiopia but never was recognized by
the Ethiopian government
"As a sovereign state we have the
right to do anything we please In our
own territory," said llaile Selassie.
"The United States Is not a party to
the 1906 treaty In which England,
France and Italy merely pledge them
selves to do nothing to encroach on
the interests of others. This Is one of
the reasons I gave the concession to
Standard Oil. As the agreement Is al
ready signed, sealed, and delivered, I
do not see how It can be recalled
If such a thing Is suggested by the
British government."
It would seem that this action by
the emperor has forestalled Musso
lini's Intentions to seize and develop
the natural resources of Ethiopia,
though Itickett said be felt there was
"plenty of room for the duce In the
general exploitation of such 9 hos
pitable land as Ethiopia without re
sorting to force of arms." In Rome
it was unofficially assorted that the
concession would not alter Italy's mili
tary program and that for the time
she may welcome commercial enter
prises of a neutral character under
taken In Ethiopia because the Job of
exploitation there Is so vast and com
plex.
Il was announced In Addis Ababa
that the emperor also had granted to
British and Egyptian interests a char
ter for the conservation of the water
of Lake Tsana, the source of the Blue
Nile which Is of vast Importance to
Great Britain. It Is proposed to build
a dam and pumping stations.
Premier Laval Ready to
Jump Either Way
PIERRE LAVAL, French premier,
went to Geneva for, the league
council session with full power, to act
as he saw lit In the Italo-Ethloplas
affair, the cabinet hav
ing authorised him to
oppose sanctions
against Italy If bo be
lieved that wise, or to
try to persuade the
council to regard Mus
solini's contemplated
Invasion of the Af
rican empire as a
"colonial expedition"
rather than a war.
La vara firm Intention
was to keep the r""r
friendship ef both Italy " and Great
Britain If possible.'' For a time It was
thought that, if he couldn't do this,
he would stand with Italy, bat' later
It appeared more likely that If It came
to a showdown be would sacrifice Ital
ian friendship fori British. ; Herrlot
and tome ether members of the cab
inet were reported to be In favor of
Sanctions.
Dispatches from London said It was
rnmered that the British government
waa ready to announce, on the day
Mussolini starts war on Ethiopia, that
It la no longer Interested In maintain
ing the balance of power In Europe.
This Would mean it would nor Inter
fere If H tier decided to grab Austria,
which would be a terrific blow to the
duce. The British admiralty sent Its
powerful Mediterranean fleet eastward
toward t' e Suei canal and strength-eiw-J
its rrrlson at Malta,
I f--t a!iead with bis war
I ; tcmlz'r unconcerned
Pickard
') VfauHi Nmspaptr Unlaw
by all the opposition he has aroused.
In the military maneuvers he was con
ducting near Bolzano live ammunition
was used In the artillery firing, and
one soldier was killed and two wound
ed by shell fragments. In a fiery
speech to the soldiers, with King Vic
tor Emmanuel standing beside him,
the duce shouted:
"The world must know once again
that while there Is talk so absurd and
provocative of penalties (sanctions)
we will not give up a single soldier, a
single sailor, a single aviator."
All the Italian submarines were as
sembled ofT Sicily ready to lay a de
fensive line across the Mediterranean
from that Island to Africa, and the
Sicilian coast defense batteries were
strengthened. The premier already
has Issued numerous decrees for rais
ing the funds necessary for his adven
ture and to forestall embargoes.
Neutrality Act Signed
by President Roosevelt
PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT signed
the congressional resolution of neu
trality, announcing that he approved
It because It Is "intended as an ex
pression of the fixed desire of the
people of the United States to avoid
any action which might Involve us in
war."
However, he made plain his objec
tion to the Inflexible provisions of the
ravine it was conceivable that
situations might arise In which these
might have "exactly the opposite effect
from that which was Intended." The
resolution calls upon the President to
place an embargo on the export of
"arms, ammunitions and Implements
of war" to all belligerents in the event
of war, and creates a national mu
nitions control board. The application
of the arms embargo lasts only until
March 1. l'J36.
Huey Long's Dictatorship
Due for Investigation
SENATOR HUEY LONG crowed a
lot about the success of his one
man, filibuster which killed the third
deficiency appropriation bill, but he
didn't add to nis popu-
larity among tne peo
ple who looked for
ward for help from the
agencies that are now
hampered by the fail
ure of the measure.
Besides that. It is now
admitted that his fili
buster rescued the
Democratic house lead
ers from a tight place
In the matter of the
cotton and wheat
W. L. Granfleld
loans. Still further. It appears that
Huey's domination of Louisiana is go
ing to be Investigated by a congres
sional committee. That committee prob
ably will be headed by Representative
William L. Granfleld or Massachusetts,
for be was the author of the elections
Investigation bill, which was found to
contain a little "Joker." This Joker
gives the committee such wide powers
that It can probe Intv all the facts con
cerning Long's complete control of elec
tion affairs In his state and tbe meth
ods by which be has attained to the
position of a dictator there.
Russia Again Warned About
Communist Activities
RUSSIA'S reply In America's protest
against the subversive plotting of
the Communists In Soviet territory
was a rejection and a coldly worded
re-assertion of the old and more than
dubious position that the Moscow
government Is not and cannot be held
responsible for the doings of the Com
munist Internationale, This was con
sidered for four days by official Wash
ington and then It waa decided , to let
the matter drop with another and
rather milder warning. Tbe new note
sent to Moscow said:
If the Soviet government porsoes
a policy of permitting . activities on
Its territory involving . interference
with tbe Internal affairs ef tbe United
States. Instead of preventing' such
activities, as Its written pledge' pre'
vldea, the friendly and official rela
tions between the two countries can
not but be seriously Impaired."
Mrs. Harold Ickes Ruled
in Automobile Accident
MRS. ANNA WILMAETH ICKES.
wife of Secretary of the Interior
Harold Ickes, was killed when an au
tomobile In which she ; and three
friends were riding was overturned
In a ditch at Velarde, N. M. Mrs. Gene
vieve - Forbes . Herrick, well-known
newspaper writer; Ibrahim Seyfollah,
secretary of tbe Turkish embassy In
Washington, and frank AUen ef Gal
lup, N. M the driver, were severely
Injured.' Allen died later. : -v.
. Mrs, .Ickes, who for years was oeep
ly interested ' in the Indiana f the
Southwest bsd been Inspecting an In
dian settlement at Taoa and waa re
turning to Santa' re. Before ahe went
to Washington with her husband in
1033 she was a leader In dub work la
Chicago, and she served three terms
la the Illinois legislature. Among the
many notable persona who attended
the funeral In Wlnnetka, suburb of
Chicago, was Mrs. Boosevelt wife of
the President. . - t
Norris and Mullen In Row; ,
About Power Plants V.
OENATOR GEORGE NORMS of
O Nebraska and Arthur F. Mullen,
former Democratic national commit
teeman for that state, are engaged In
a- warm dispute that may causa con
slderable embarrassment for president
Roosevelt, friend of both" men.: Mullen
carried to the White House a hot pro
test against a $20,000,000 power proj
ect which Is sponsored by Norrls. He
is attorney for two $7,000,000 power
plants which already have been ap
proved by the PWA, and be asserts
there Is no field for the enormous
amount of electrical energy that would
be developed by the three projects,
and probably not enough water tor all
of them.
The first project approved by PWA
was at Columbus, Neb 80 miles west
of Omaha, and situated on theXoupe
river. Tbe second was on the Platte
river, 150 miles farther west, at Suth
erland. Neb. Both were approved In
the fall of 1933. In addition to the
original grants and loans approximat
ing $15,000,000, there waa added an
allocation of $2,500,000 later, t
In the rivalry between these two
projects the same argument about the
shortage of water was used, and Mul
len was criticized for acting as attor
ney for both.
Report That Lindbergh Baby
Is Still Living
ATTORNEYS for Richard Bruno
Hauptmann plan to seek a new
trial for the convicted kidnaper and
slayer of Col. Charles A. Lindbergh s
first-born son on the ground that the
child still lives and that they can pro
duce him in court
The boy, five years and six months
old and "the linnge of the Lindbergh
baby," Is said to be In custody of a
Flushing (L. I.) family, which took
him from an orphanage and adopted
him.
Stock Raisers Urge That
Tariffs Be Maintained
BECAUSE of the possibility, of a
continued Increase In the Importa
tion of live stock and Its products, nn
appeal In the name of more than 300.
000 farmers and ranchmen, memhrrs
and patrons of the National l ive
Stock Marketing association, was sent
to President Roosevelt urging that
present tariffs and sanitary restric
tions on animals, meats, lard, and
similar products be maintained.
In a telegram, signed by Charles A.
Ewlng, president of the co-operative
association, the chief executive was
told that any concessions In the way
of lower tariffs and the removal of
embargos preventing diseased foreign
animals from entering this ; country
would further cripple the lire stock
industry, and tend to defeat the recov
ery program.
Queen Astrid of Belgium
Killed in Auto Crash
BOWED down by deep grief, the Bel
gian people laic" to rest their he
loved queen, Astrid. who was killed
near Lucerne. Switzerland, when the
automobile driven by King Leopold
swerved from the road and dashed
against a tree. Astrld's 8':uII was
crushed and she died almost immedi
ately In the arms of her husband, who
was cut painfully by the smashed
windshield.
The queen's body, taken back to
Brussels, was taken to the cathedral of
St Gudule for the funeral ceremony
and then was Interred In the roy.il
crypt st Laeken. where He the remains
of the late King Albert The services
were simple. In aecord with the char
acters of Astrid and l-eopold.
Astrid, a princess of Sweden, became
the wife of Leopold In 1D26 when he
was the duke of Brabant, and the mar
riage was s genuine love match. She
Immediately endeared herself to the
people of Belgium. Ttree children were
born to her and Leopold.
King George's Third Son
Engaged to Marry
KING GEORGE of Great Britain
announced tbe engagement of the
duke of Gloucester, his third son, to
Lady Alice Montagu-Oongles-Scott
The duke Is thirty-five years old and
is the soldier of the royal family.
Lady Alice, who la thirty-three,'' traces
her descent from a natural son of
Charles IL Tbe date for tbe wedding
has not been set s.-'
.With bis brother's marriage the
forty-one-year-old prince of Wales
will be the last bachelor among the
king's sons, ' ;
German Catholic Prelaw
Boldly Defy Heir Hitler
BOLDLY defying 'Belchsfuehrer "Jit
ter, tbe three cardinals, 25 arch
bishops and other prelates ef tbe Cath
olic church la Germany, issued a pas
toral letter, which was read In every
church,' strongly criticising the antW
religions policies of the Nasi govern
ment and Intimidating that the Vati
can may enforce an Interdict for other
nations to break eS relations .with
Germany. v .
J l eaawwaasasa i' i. .1. .
J. A. Moffett Resigns As
Federal Housing Chief . ' '
JAMES A. MOFFETT has resigned
as federal bousing commissioner,
carrying out his long-expressed desire
to return to private bustnessJt was
presumed la Washington that be wool J
be succeeded by Stewart McDonald.
In his letter of resignation Mr. Mof
fett told the President that despite nec
essary delays in getting the bous'r j
program nnfler way, the housing adm'a
Istratlon was Insuring construction s I
repair loans at the rate of $00,000,: :
a moctX
1 ?MimWr fimmaa&a r. I
Washington. Through more years
than most of us can remember, the
TJ. a senate nas
Obaolete been the object of
J?,.!-, caustic criticism. Jibe
and Jest because of
its rule DermltUng unlimited debates.
Time after time long senate speeches
hm-A hoen the object of editorial at
tack In one segment or another of
American metropolitan newspapers.
Its slow, tortoise-like methods have
been held up to ridicule In spoken and
written word innumerable times, and
its procedure remains unchanged.
It was no occasion for surprise,
therefore, when a new outburst of
criticism of senate rules of procedure
was launched upon us Immediately
after the last session of congress ad
journed. Senator Huey P. Long of
Louisiana, the self-styled klngflsh,
broke loose as he has so many times
broken loose and effectively tied sen
ate plans In a knot He did the very
thing that has precipitated criticism
of the senate through all of the years
mentioned above and succeeded In a
one-man filibuster In blocking passage
of an appropriation bill. Indeed, be
was so effective in his Job that ne
brought down on his head the wrath
of President Roosevelt and all of the
New Dealers who were about to
realize culmination of some of their
most cherished dreams.
While the Long filibuster probably
should be criticized because undoubted
ly there was some unfairness about it,
the reason It takes on more Importance
at this time Is because It placed so
many of the New Dealers In a state
of high dudgeon mentally and because
It again centered attention upon these
some senate rules.
By way of preliminary explanation,
I believe It aught to be said that no
organized body can operate effective
ly or orderly without first binding
Itself to adhere to rules of procedure
that will give each an opportunity
These rules. In the case of the senate,
are very old. It may be said they
are antiquated and obsolete; surely
some will take that view of them. But
nevertheless those are the rules an1
the senate has been able for a good
many years to produce satisfactory
legislative results under them.
I do not propose here to say that
they should be revised or that the pres
ent rules should be retained. But I do
believe that before changes are made,
and before those who propose changes
spread too much ballyhoo, tbe country
should understand some of the reasons
which actuate the present urge.
The klngflsh spoke for nearly six
hours on the closing night of the ses
slon. He could not
Long a be prevented rom
Filibutter speaking after he
was once recognized
by the presiding officer. He told the
senate he was battling for a govern
ment loan rate on cotton of 12 cents
per pound whereas the administration
was proposing to make the rate either
nine or ten cents per pound. The sen
ate had placed an amendment on an
appropriation bill to carry out tbe Idea
of twelve cents a pound and bad pnt
np tbe proposition to the house of rep
resentatives which showed no signs of
agreeing at all until Mr. Roosevelt took
a hand and suggested the compromise
of ten cents a pound. All that re
mained was a formal vote of the sen
ate to put the administration plan Into
effect Senator Long decided It should
not be and be proceeded to lick the
administration single-handedly by con
tinuing his filibuster until the mid
night hour when the congress was to
adjourn finally. ,
In blocking tbe administration com
promise, Senator Long also defeated
appropriation of something like $100,
000,000 'which the administration was
going to use in setting op machinery
ander its so-called security laws,: the
Guffey bill for regulation of the soft
coal Industry and the bond created
theoretically to settle labor disputes.
All of these bills were pressed hard
bj tbe administration. If one bad not
had its antagonists In congress. They
were and are strictly New Deal meas
ures. As a- result of the Long filibus
ter none of them can be made fully
operative nntU ' congress . convenes
again next January and appropriates
the money. - So, It can be seen bow tbe
pride of the New Deal professors was
wounded. It can be seen likewise
why they, along with the President did
so much squawking about the Long
filibuster. Senator Long was an Ideal
goat for the situation. .
It is not my privilege nor Is It
within my power to say whether the
' legislation which Sea
Unn canary ttor Long virtually
Dorking - nullified is so im
portant ' that - five
months of delay la the difference be
tween life and death la this country.
Indeed, I cannot see any reason for
an of the haste that la exemplified
by the shouts and the criticisms sud
denly brought forth because of that
E'.:bnster. Tbe bills which were brought
to final passage only a few days be
f re adjournment bad been Jaogvfsh
1 3 In congress since last January.
The President had repeatedly urged
their enactment but the congress saw
fit to delay. Consequently In various
quarters In Washington J heard the
inquiry as to why so much damage can
be done by delays of five months when
there had been delays of seven months
preceding enactment of the measures,
Some of the more .vitriolic among the
New Deal critics even went so far as
tn InnnlM vhv all of the hullabaloo
over a delay of five months when SfrT
Roosevelt made no effort to obtain
enactment of the social security bill
the keystone of the New Deal in, the
first session of congress under his con
trol. Without knowing all of the an
swers. It does appear to me that there
is quite a bit of unnecessary barking
going on about this one incident
So, without defending a filibuster in
any wise, It occurs to me that we
ought to look back Into history and see
the benefits accruing from unlmlted
debate in the senate, a procedure which
the New Dealers now want to change.
Through all of the years that congress
has existed the senate has moved In a
deliberative way. It has been slow,
to be sure; yet records of the past
make It appear that this slow pro
cedure has resulted Inevitably in bet
ter legislation. Many are the schemes
that surged forward on the ballyhoo of
a minority to passage in the house of
representatives only to be blocked and
properly examined in the senate. Many
are the times as well when the delib
erative character of senate debate gave
time for expression of a majority
sentiment in the country and saved it
from being precipitated into policies
of national legislation that would have
worked untold barm. I cannot but
believe that the privilege of unlimited
debate In the senate nas more good
features than bad.
Time after time In years past, de
mands have been made for liberalisa
tion of rules In the house of .repre
sentatives so that individual members
might voice their views at length. The
house never has" yielded from the posi
tion It has taken that Its numbers were
too great to permit free-for-all discus
sion inch as takes olace In the senate.
The bouse does Its work IK committees
and those committees are generally
under the ; guidance ' of tbe political
nart- in control of the ' aTOvernment
The house, therefore, invariably votes
the will of the administration, in con-,
sequence of this, it is bard to believe
that tbe senate ought to bind and gag
Its members and prevent their free
expression. If there is a minority,
that- minoritv oneht to be heard. The
senate Is the forum. As a personal ex
pression, I do not see where any good
at all can come from the proposed re
strictions for senate debate ana 1 ao
not believe It will eventually.
Vnr the first time since the Civil
war, a federal government bond Issue
llAr1 Ik. AtttA ria
Bond sea to attract . enough
Failaro subscribers to ab-
son me onenng. it
wss a small onenng ai mar. xm
amount was only 9100,000,000. '.The
bonds . were not strictly speaking.
United States government bonds. They
were 1 being Issued by the reaerai
Farm Mortgage corporation but they
bore the . guarantee : of the , United
States treasury that, they would be
mid both as to interest and principal
and to sll Intents and purposes may
not, be distinguished from government
bonds. -
wh,n ha treaanrv received offers
of only $8500,000, Secretary Morgen-
thiu was both surprised ana cnagnnea.
Ha laid the failure of the Issue to the
fact that the bonds were to carry only
1 per cent Interest a very row raw.
It was a part of the treasury policy
to sell government securities at inter
est rates ai low aa possible to reduce
the . harden of ' the s interest ensrge
which tbe e-overnment must carry on
Its gigantic public debt Nevertheless,
"It ain't so good," . . v .'; -The
national debt now outstanding
la something like $30,000,000,000. It U
approximately $9,000,000,000 -higher
than when Mr, Boosevelt took omce. u
Is due to xo still higher because addi
tional . money, must - be 1 borrowed to
carry oat the works-relief plana of tbe
New Deal Some authorities predict
that before Mr. Roosevelt's present
term 'expires; as President the public
debt - will aggregate something like
$33,000,000,000, the highest In aU his
tory tor eur nsuon. V(;
Long experience al a student of
financial affairs prompts my conclusion
that flntlura of thu 1100.000.000 lasna to
be fully subscribed does not mean that
government bonds are. a bad Invest
ment I am Inclined Uo the opinion"
that the treasury tried to drive down
tbe Interest rate too low and that most
Investors figured they could obtain a
better return than that which Mr,
Morgenthan offered them. But after
all, there Is something of a warning in
this circumstance. 1 believe the warn
ing Is that If the Boosevelt adminis
tration continues to spend and spend
snd borrow and borrow, it mast pay
higher and higher Interest rates for the
money It borrow. Again, that "ain't
so good. ' ..
C WwUra Ntwaptpar Calm.
PENINSULAR WAR RELICS
- Workmen; have' discovered heir
looms neiievea 10 nave oeeu uiaueu
by Queen Carlotta Joaquina of Por
tugal to nave them from looters dur
ing the French occupation of IJsbcAi
in the Peninsular Wat of 1808-14,
The men were installing electric
lights In tbe ancient royal palace at
Quelus, and found the heirlooms be
hind a panel In the wall of Queen
Carlotta's bedroom.
One of the articles, an exquisitely
worked altar crucifix of solid "silver,
weighs more than ten pounds, There
are also six altar candlesticks of sli
ver. All the articles belong' to the
period of King John V, 1700-1750.
. , r,.::;-:
Week's Supply of Poatum Free
Bead the offer made by the Postnm
Company in another part of thla pa
per. They will send a full week's sup
ply of health giving Postum free to
anyone who writes for. it Adv.
' ,"..;; '
U. S. Manuf actarara Load
: Through its extensive use of ma
chinery .and scientific management
America now produces as much ma
terial as 14 other leading countries
with ten times as many "people.
END FRECKLES AKD
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Happiness
Happiness Is tbe silver in the gray
hair of Suffering. V. D. Ventria
Field.
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